Perspectives For Applications Research Articles

Recruitment in public schools through unsustainable policy? Exploring the vision of Andalusian pre-service music teachers

The shortage of music teachers is on the rise in many countries, posing a threat to the sustainability of the music teaching profession. On the other hand, the existing literature on the investigation of music teacher recruitment primarily focuses on the recruitment of students for music teaching degrees, comparatively neglecting the recruitment of music teachers within the labor market. Employing a qualitative case-study research design, I aim to investigate the sustainability of the policy for public recruitment of music teachers according to the perspective of prospective applicants to secondary schools in Andalusia. The case under investigation involves two cohorts of last-year pre-service secondary-school music teachers (n = 30) based in Andalusia. The perspectives of the participants predominantly lean toward the negative, suggesting the unsustainability of the policy under examination. Indeed, the recruitment system is perceived to embody a bureaucratic, depersonalized, and denaturalized process; one that, according to the participants, misaligns with the professional reality of music teachers as they perceive it. In addition, I discuss how these findings resonate with previous research and propose potential avenues for policymakers.

State of the Art in Automated Operational Modal Identification: Algorithms, Applications, and Future Perspectives

State of the Art in Automated Operational Modal Identification: Algorithms, Applications, and Future Perspectives

Single‐Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Developmental Landscape of Wheat Roots

ABSTRACTAllohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major crops worldwide, however there is very limited research on the transcriptional programmes of underlying cell type specification. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) was used to unravel the transcriptome heterogeneity of cells and the composition of cell types in broad‐spectrum organisms. Here, we reported the scRNA‐seq transcriptomes of single cells from root tips of the wheat Chinese spring (CS) cultivar, defined cell‐type‐specific marker genes, and identified most of the major cell types. We further profiled the reconstructed developmental trajectories of the stem cell niche (SCN), proximal meristems and meristems, unveiled gene expression signature of water transportation, divulged cell‐type‐specific asymmetric gene transcription in subgenomes and explored the evolutionary conservation and divergence of wheat cultivar (CS) and rice cultivar (Nip and 93‐11, ZH11) cell types through interspecies comparison. Collectively, this work underscored the transcriptional landscape of wheat cultivar (CS) roots and provided a single‐cell perspective for differentiation trajectory application, unbalanced gene expression pattern and characteristics of cell types between two plant species, contributing to a better understanding of wheat cultivar (CS) root development at unprecedented resolution.

A Comprehensive Review of MXene-Based Emerging Materials for Energy Storage Applications and Future perspectives.

MXenes is a rapidly emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) materials. It exhibits unique properties that make it suitable for a wide range of applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and processing techniques for MXenes including both bottom-up and top-down approaches. The synthesis of MXene-based composites is explored in detail focusing on MXene-carbon composites, MXene-metal oxides, MXene-metal sulfides, MXene-polymer composites and MXene-ceramic composites. Key properties of MXenes are examined including structural, electrical, morphological, optical, mechanical, chemical stability, electrical and thermal properties, conductivity, magnetic properties, dielectric charge and catalytic properties. Characterization techniques used to study these properties are also reviewed. Their 2D structure provides a high surface area and unique interlayer spacing, making MXenes ideal for applications in energy storage devices (like supercapacitors and batteries) where surface area and ion transport are critical for performance. The diverse applications of MXenes are presented emphasizing their use in batteries, catalysis, sensors, environmental remediation and supercapacitors. Special attention is given to the supercapacitor applications of MXenes of their potential in energy storage devices. Due to their high capacitance, fast charge/discharge rates, and excellent stability, MXenes are used in supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.

An experimental study on a curved solar flexible photovoltaic panel with a single-axis tracking system in perspectives of automobile applications

The crisis of fossil fuel and progress in automotive technology, it is necessary to quest for alternative to fossil fuel for automobiles. Utilising solar photovoltaic (PV) panel in automobiles for power generation is efficient means to convert solar energy into electrical energy. A flat solar PV panel on car roof raises the drag force and reduces performance of vehicle, which can be overcome by using solar flexible photovoltaic (FPV) panels. The prime aim of study is to investigate the performance of curved solar FPV panel at various curve angles and flat solar FPV panel. The experiments were conducted for flat and curved solar FPV panels with single-axis tracking mechanism. With increase in solar radiation intensity, increase in power generated and efficiency of flat and curved solar FPV panels was observed. With an increase in curve angle, reduction in percentage of power generated and efficiency of curved solar FPV was observed than flat solar FPV panel. The power generated and efficiency of curved solar FPV panel at lower curve angle, α = 6 ∘ was observed nearly equal to that of flat solar FPV panel. The lower curve angle curved solar FPV panel installation on car roof provides an aerodynamic shape and able to reduce drag force. Highlights Comparative study of curved and flat solar FPV panels conducted. Effect of curve angles was studied on the performance of curved solar FPV panels. Reduction in power generated from curved solar FPV panel with an increase in curve angle. Reduction in the efficiency of curved solar FPV panel with an increase in curve angle. Equal performance of flat and curved solar FPV panels was found at low curve angle.

Methodological Considerations and Implications for Appetite and Feeding Behaviour Research in PKU; Current Knowledge, Practical Application and Future Perspectives

Methodological Considerations and Implications for Appetite and Feeding Behaviour Research in PKU; Current Knowledge, Practical Application and Future Perspectives

A systematical review on traditional Chinese medicine treating chronic diseases via regulating ferroptosis from the perspective of experimental evidence and clinical application

A systematical review on traditional Chinese medicine treating chronic diseases via regulating ferroptosis from the perspective of experimental evidence and clinical application

Statistical and numerical analysis of MHD nanofluid (TiO2/EG) flow on a nonlinear curved stretching surface with heat source: A RSM approach

AbstractMany applications in science and engineering use the idea of MHD nanofluid flow past a nonlinear curved stretching surface. Particularly in the development and production of coatings for solar cells, fiber sheets, wires, and optical fibers. From the perspective of such applications, the major objective of existing research is to study the titanium oxide/ethylene glycol (TiO2/EG) nanofluid flow past a nonlinear curved elongating surface in the occurrence of a magnetic field and heat source. In this study, nonlinear coupled partial differential equations with no‐slip and convective boundary constraints have been used to construct the mathematical model that describes the fluid flow. After utilizing the similarity variables, the nondimensional form of equations is approximated by the Runge–Kutta method combined with the Newton iteration scheme. Further, the novelty of the study lies in employing response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the significance of important factors, which are most likely the Biot number, volume fraction, and the magnetic parameter that impact heat transfer characteristics. This approach facilitates the development of ideal operating conditions for improved performance. In summary, this examination finds that as the volume fraction concentration increases, the shear rate progressively increases, and with a higher Biot number, the heat transfer rate also increases.

Recent advances and perspectives in synthetic applications of silylboronates as silyl radical precursors.

Silylboronates, as powerful and versatile reagents, have been widely used in synthetic chemistry over the past few decades, due to their ability to incorporate silicon and boron atoms into organic molecules. With the rapid development of radical chemistry, the use of silylboronates as silyl radical precursors has recently become a research focus in organic synthesis. Significant achievements have been made in the synthetic applications of silylboronates as silyl radical sources for various C-Si and C-X bond forming transformations. This review summarizes these recent advances, discusses their advantages and limitations, and illustrates the synthetic chances still open for further research and applications in this emerging area.

Triangular-shaped Cu-Zn-In-Se-based nanocrystals with narrow near infrared photoluminescence.

Tunable optical properties exhibited by semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) in the near infrared (NIR) spectral region are of particular interest in various applications, such as telecommunications, bioimaging, photodetection, photovoltaics, etc. While lead and mercury chalcogenide NCs do exhibit exemplary optical properties in the NIR, Cu-In-Se (CISe)-based NCs are a suitable environment-friendly alternative to these toxic materials. Several reports of NIR-emitting (quasi)spherical CISe NCs have been published, but their more complex-shaped counterparts remain rather less explored. The emerging anisotropic nanomaterials have gained significant interest owing to their unique optical properties arising due to their specific shape. While several examples of non-spherical Cu-In-S-based NCs have been reported, examples of CISe-based anisotropic NCs are rather scarce, and those with intensive photoluminescence (PL) are not yet developed. In this work, we present a one-pot approach to synthesize quaternary Cu-Zn-In-Se (CZISe) triangular NCs with intensive PL in the NIR region. The NCs synthesized exhibit tetragonal crystal structure and, depending on the reaction conditions, are single triangular particles or stacks of triangular blocks of varied lateral sizes but rather uniform thickness. The synthesis involves the formation of In2Se3 seeds with subsequent incorporation of copper and growth of triangular CISe NCs, followed by the incorporation of zinc and the growth of a ZnS shell. Importantly, the PL band widths of the final core/shell heterostructured NCs are narrow, down to 102 meV, which is a rarely observed characteristic for this class of materials and can be attributed to their anisotropic shape and the absence of thickness and compositional inhomogeneities of their building blocks. The PL of the CZISe/ZnS NCs can be tuned in the range of 1082-1218 nm reaching a quantum yield of up to 40% by varying their size and composition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the farthest and the narrowest PL achieved for CISe-based NCs so far, which widens application perspectives of this material in NIR LEDs, bioimaging, and photovoltaics.

Unmanned Aerial Geophysical Remote Sensing: A Systematic Review

Geophysical surveys, a means of analyzing the Earth and its environments, have traditionally relied on ground-based methodologies. However, up-to-date approaches encompass remote sensing (RS) techniques, employing both spaceborne and airborne platforms. The emergence of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has notably catalyzed interest in UAV-borne geophysical RS. The objective of this study is to comprehensively review the state-of-the-art UAV-based geophysical methods, encompassing magnetometry, gravimetry, gamma-ray spectrometry/radiometry, electromagnetic (EM) surveys, ground penetrating radar (GPR), traditional UAV RS methods (i.e., photogrammetry and LiDARgrammetry), and integrated approaches. Each method is scrutinized concerning essential aspects such as sensors, platforms, challenges, applications, etc. Drawing upon an extensive systematic review of over 435 scholarly works, our analysis reveals the versatility of these systems, which ranges from geophysical development to applications over various geoscientific domains. Among the UAV platforms, rotary-wing multirotors were the most used (64%), followed by fixed-wing UAVs (27%). Unmanned helicopters and airships comprise the remaining 9%. In terms of sensors and methods, imaging-based methods and magnetometry were the most prevalent, which accounted for 35% and 27% of the research, respectively. Other methods had a more balanced representation (6–11%). From an application perspective, the primary use of UAVs in geoscience included soil mapping (19.6%), landslide/subsidence mapping (17.2%), and near-surface object detection (13.5%). The reviewed studies consistently highlight the advantages of UAV RS in geophysical surveys. UAV geophysical RS effectively balances the benefits of ground-based and traditional RS methods regarding cost, resolution, accuracy, and other factors. Integrating multiple sensors on a single platform and fusion of multi-source data enhance efficiency in geoscientific analysis. However, implementing geophysical methods on UAVs poses challenges, prompting ongoing research and development efforts worldwide to find optimal solutions from both hardware and software perspectives.

Classification of Fashion-MNIST Dataset by Using Lenet-5

This study explores the application of LeNet-5 convolutional neural network (CNN) on the Fashion-MNIST dataset to analyze its effectiveness in complex tasks using image recognition. The Fashion-MNIST dataset, comprising 70,000 28x28 pixel clothing images across 10 distinct categories, is constituted to offer a challenging benchmark for image recognition research. In the experiment, the data is first normalized and the labels are preprocessed using the one-hot encoding technique to adjust to the model’s input specifications. The LeNet-5 network combines several fully connected, pooling, and convolutional layers before using the Softmax layer to produce the probability distribution for each category. Through a series of experiments, it is found that LeNet-5 achieves 95% training accuracy and 90% validation accuracy on the Fashion-MNIST dataset, which not only confirms its effectiveness in modern image recognition tasks, but also demonstrates its good generalization ability. The study’s findings provide new insights for the future application of traditional CNN in the field of deep learning and provide new perspectives for future applications in more complex image recognition tasks. In addition, this study also provides the possibility for the application of LeNet-5 in scenarios with limited resources or high real-time requirements, providing valuable experience and reference for subsequent research.

The Integration of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum teleportation: Foundations, Applications, and Future Perspectives

With the advent of quantum technology, the exploration of quantum teleportation has become increasingly important, and it has provided a glimpse of the potential of quantum information science. The current research delves into the background of quantum teleportation, emphasizing its key role in advancing quantum communication and computation. Implications of this research are that it has the potential to revolutionize data transmission and processing, providing a secure and efficient means of exchanging quantum information. This paper is structured to provide a comprehensive study of quantum teleportation, starting with a literature review that lays the foundation for our work. Afterward, the details of our research are presented, including the theoretical framework and the proposed methodology for realizing the quantum teleportation protocol. We provide a careful overview of the technical details, demonstrating the complexity of quantum state preparation, entanglement distribution, and Bell state measurements. Our empirical section demonstrates the practical application of these protocols, providing empirical evidence of successful teleportation of quantum states. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by the experimental results, which validate the feasibility and reliability of our approach. Conclusions drawn from the experiments emphasize the robustness of quantum teleportation as a viable technology for future quantum networks.

The Role of Fuel Cells in Advancing Pharmaceutical Technologies: Applications and Future Perspectives

The Role of Fuel Cells in Advancing Pharmaceutical Technologies: Applications and Future Perspectives

Population Proteomics: A Tool to Gain Insights Into the Inflamed Periodontium.

Periodontitis, characterized by inflammatory loss of tooth-supporting tissues associated with biofilm, is among the most prevalent chronic diseases globally, affecting approximately 50% of the adult population to a moderate extent and cases of severe periodontitis surpassing the one billion mark. Proteomics analyses of blood, serum, and oral fluids have provided valuable insights into the complex processes occurring in the inflamed periodontium. However, until now, proteome analyses have been primarily limited to small groups of diseased versus healthy individuals. The emergence of population-scale analysis of proteomic data offers opportunities to uncover disease-associated pathways, identify potential drug targets, and discover biomarkers. In this review, we will explore the applications of proteomics in population-based studies and discuss the advancements it brings to our understanding of periodontal inflammation. Additionally, we highlight the challenges posed by currently available data and offer perspectives for future applications in periodontal research. This review aims to explain the ongoing efforts in leveraging proteomics for elucidating the complexities of periodontal diseases and paving the way for clinical strategies.

Perspective of Honey Grading System Application in Korea Considering New Zealand’s Manuka Honey Case

Perspective of Honey Grading System Application in Korea Considering New Zealand’s Manuka Honey Case

Performance Metrics of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles from the Perspective of ISR Applications

Performance Metrics of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles from the Perspective of ISR Applications

A cross-cultural comparison of Chinese and Western philosophical practice: exploring new paths for philosophical healing and social harmony

Philosophical practice applies philosophical insights and methods to help individuals explore and resolve intellectual, emotional, and existential dilemmas, enhancing self-understanding and mental well-being. This study employs CiteSpace to analyze global research trends and hotspots in philosophical practice using data from the Web of Science (WOS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases spanning from 2000 to 2024. By identifying key methodologies and applications, the study compares the development of philosophical practice in Western and Chinese contexts across theoretical culture, practical application, social impact, and professional development. The findings reveal that Western philosophical practice, rooted in ancient Greek philosophy and modern streams like existentialism and analytic philosophy, emphasizes individual autonomy, critical thinking, and personal growth. In contrast, Chinese philosophical practice draws from Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism, focusing on harmony between the individual and society, moral cultivation, and social cohesion. Despite these differences, both traditions share common goals of enhancing self-awareness, addressing ethical dilemmas, and improving mental health through philosophical dialogue. The study highlights the potential for integrating Chinese and Western philosophical practice, suggesting that a fusion of methodologies and ethical frameworks can provide a more holistic and culturally sensitive approach. This integration offers new perspectives for global philosophical dialogue, interdisciplinary collaboration, and practical applications in addressing contemporary challenges.

A Review of Imidazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Pharmacological Applications, and Future Perspectives

Heterocyclic compounds, particularly imidazole derivatives, have emerged as crucial scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, owing to their diverse pharmacological activities and therapeutic relevance. Imidazole, a five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle, is characterized by its two nitrogen atoms positioned at 1 and 3, which endow the ring with unique electronic properties and the ability to engage in hydrogen bonding. This structural versatility underlies the widespread occurrence of imidazole moieties in biologically active molecules, including several clinically approved drugs. Imidazole derivatives have been extensively explored for their multifaceted biological activities, including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiviral properties. Moreover, a variety of synthetic strategies have been developed to modify the imidazole core, enhancing its bioactivity and optimizing its drug-like properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the synthesis and pharmacological applications of imidazole derivatives, with a focus on their role in modern drug discovery and development. Special attention is given to the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of imidazole compounds and their potential for future therapeutic innovation.

Applications and Future Perspectives of Intravascular Ultrasound in Endovascular Treatment of Lower Extremity Arteries

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a high-resolution imaging modality that plays a critical role in the endovascular treatment of lower extremity arterial disease. This review summarizes the principles, device types, and technical characteristics of IVUS, with a focus on its applications in lesion assessment, guidewire navigation, real-time monitoring, and follow-up. Research has demonstrated that IVUS significantly enhances treatment success rates by providing detailed imaging of vascular structures and aiding precise intervention planning. However, its widespread adoption is limited by operational complexity and high costs. Emerging technologies, including all-optical IVUS, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics, promise to address these challenges and expand IVUS applications. These advancements are expected to further improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes, highlighting the promising future of IVUS in managing lower extremity arterial disease.