Personnel Changes Research Articles

Changes at the National Labor Relations Board could lead to more organized labor on campus

President Joe Biden made strong support for organized labor a central part of his 2020 presidential campaign and has made good on that commitment from day one of his presidency. In the hours and days following his inauguration, the President implemented a flurry of personnel and policy changes at the National Labor Relations Board, the federal agency charged with protecting the rights of private sector employees under the National Labor Relations Act.

A cross-sectional study of mental health-, posttraumatic stress symptoms and post exposure changes in Norwegian ambulance personnel

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be elevated among first responders (Emergency Medical Services, fire service, police force) compared to the general population. Examining the prevalence of mental health issues in a work force with an elevated occupational risk is fundamental towards ensuring their wellbeing and implementing safeguard measures. The goal of this study is therefore to report the prevalence of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic development, and PTSD in Norwegian ambulance personnel.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey (Questback®), performed among operative personnel employed in the Emergency Medical Services in the Regional Health Trust of Central Norway between 18. February and 9. April 2021. The study was sent to 1052 eligible participants. Questions reported demographic data, a traumatic events exposure index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Depression), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, Posttraumatic symptom scale (PTSD) and Posttraumatic change scale.ResultsThe response rate in this study was 45.5% (n = 479/1052). The mean age of respondents was 37.1 years (std. 11.1) and 52.8% (n = 253) were male. Of the respondents, 80.6% (n = 386) were married or had a partner, and 91.6% (n = 439) reported having access to a peer support programme, with 34.9% (n = 167) reporting that they had utilized peer support. In this study, 5% (n = 24) showed a prevalence of manifest posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, while 8.6% (n = 41) reported moderate to severe depression and 2.9% (n = 14) presented moderate to severe symptoms of general anxiety. Of the respondents, 77.2% (n = 370) reported personal growth because of their work experiences.ConclusionsThis study indicates that Norwegian ambulance personnel report a prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression, which is slightly higher for men, and lower for the female proportion in this study, when compared to an adult Norwegian population. The vast majority of respondents reported personal growth because of their work experience, and both the degree of peer support and having a partner seem to influence levels of posttraumatic stress and -development.

ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СИМФОНИЧЕСКИХ ОРКЕСТРОВ РСФСР В 1948 Г. В СВЯЗИ С ПОСТАНОВЛЕНИЕМ ПОЛИТБЮРО ЦК ВКП(Б) "ОБ ОПЕРЕ “ВЕЛИКАЯ ДРУЖБА” В. МУРАДЕЛИ"

The article considers an influence of the resolution of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) issued in February 1948 “On the opera ‘The Great Friendship’ by V. Muradeli” on the activities of symphony orchestras of the RSFSR. The author of the article notes that the historiography of the topic focuses more on the state and party authorities work for the execution and control of that resolution, on the processing of individual musical works and on the activities of outstanding Soviet composers. The issues of changes in personnel, repertoire, in the number of concerts, as well as changes in concert venues of symphony orchestras as part of the republican and regional philharmonic societies of the RSFSR in the second half of 1948 are practically not considered by researchers of the topic. The article provides information from the report documents, repertoire plans of the Moscow Regional Philharmonic, the Ossetian State Philharmonic, the Kabardian State Philharmonic, as well asthe Irkutsk Regional Philharmonic of 1948. The author of the article analyzes not only the activities of symphony orchestras, but also the specific steps of the regional and republican philharmonic societies to implement and control the execution of the resolution of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) of February 10, 1948.

A Separation-of-Powers Approach to the Supreme Court’s Shrinking Caseload

AbstractSince the end of the 1980s the Supreme Court has cut its caseload nearly in half. While this decrease has not gone unnoticed, researchers have largely focused their explanations on institutional factors, such as changes in personnel, creation of the certiorari pool, or an increase in the amount of discretion justices have to set their agenda. Most existing work fails to consider how the preferences of members of Congress and the president also contribute to this staggering decrease. I provide the first systematic examination of how extrainstitutional influences affect the size of the Court’s caseload. I examine the 1951–2016 terms of the Court to reveal that a constraining political environment significantly reduces the number of cases the justices agree to hear each term. These results suggest that the justices consider the preferences of actors in the other branches of government much earlier than their decisions on the merits.

Институт торговых представительств Российской федерации на современном этапе: оценка промежуточных итогов его реформирования

Introduction: trade missions of the Russian Federation are the central institution for driving export development and promoting the interests of domestic exporters in foreign markets. Since May 2018, these structures have been undergoing a new round of reforms following their transfer into the competence of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. Objectives: to study the current round of reforms in the system of trade missions, including the analysis of changes in personnel, innovations in the functions of these foreign economic structures and their references in media. Methods: the concept of business diplomacy, focusing on the micro-level of foreign economic actors’ activity; biographical method; analysis of formal documents on foreign economic activity. Results: the position of trade missions in the export support system, in relation to other foreign trade structures, has been defined; the main documents on foreign economic activity have been considered from the standpoint of uncertainty in goal setting; innovations in the functions of trade missions have been considered; the characteristics of trade missions’ personnel have been studied, including changes before and after the start of the last round of reforms. Conclusions: the role of trade missions in the export support system, as well as the results of their activities still elicit a mixed reaction. This stems from several reasons, including the unsatisfactory results of previous reform attempts (in 2012 and 2016) and the implicit interim results of the current reform. Trade missions, despite their dependence on the macroeconomic environment, remain as the main instrument of costs reduction and easier penetration into the markets. After the trade missions transfer into the competence of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce of the Russian Federation, there have been indications of changes aimed at raising the quality of their services and, in general, an overall change to more efficient foreign trade institutions. This is manifested in the renewal of the trade representatives’ composition, among which there are more and more people with work experience in business.

Toward the Construction of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) in Japanese National Universities: A Preliminary Study Focusing on Personnel Changes in Administrative Officers after Incorporation

Toward the Construction of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) in Japanese National Universities: A Preliminary Study Focusing on Personnel Changes in Administrative Officers after Incorporation

Политическая культура избирателей Республики Тыва как индикатор отношений власти и общества (по результатам социологических исследований)

The article aims to review and analyze the phenomenon of political culture based on the case of the Republic of Tyva through the system of the electoral process as an indicator of the relationship between the authorities and the public using quantitative and qualitative research methods. The process of scientific understanding of the phenomenon of political culture is presented through the system of electoral sentiments and values of the population in the Republic of Tyva. The definitions of political culture are presented as a historical phenomenon that has been of scientific interest since the time of Plato and Aristotle. The definitions of modern Western scientists focus on the psychological basis of this phenomenon - political sentiments, attitudes, behavior, and affiliations. Russian scientists consider political culture as a more multifaceted and broader concept. Political culture is both a model of the functioning of political institutions and a system of sacred characteristics, as well as a synthesis of political thinking and behavior, etc. The research was conducted in January-May 2021 in two stages: at the first stage, a sociological survey was conducted; at the second stage, 20 focus groups were organized. The territorial coverage of the research included the city of Kyzyl and 11 districts of the republic. The sample of the survey was 1200 respondents, that of focus interviews was 240 people. The data obtained from the sociological survey demonstrate high interest of respondents in politics. This interest is associated with specific acts of party leaders and public actions within the city or district. The region has a high level of support for the United Russia party, which is associated with such political values as individual freedom, security and order. Focused interviews showed a high level of trust in Sergei Shoigu, a leader of the United Russia party. At the same time, the participants noted a number of problems hindering the development of the region - unemployment, corruption of the heads of public bodies, clannishness, and bribery. Respondents note the need for personnel changes to solve the problems identified. The results of the study show that societies with a traditional political culture are characterized by trusting relations of the public and the government, loyalty to federal and regional leaders, solidarity with the ruling government's course, as well as a lack of readiness for political protests, actions and other forms of expression of discontent, despite the presence of acute social and economic problems in the region.

Die Berufsstruktur des Deutschen Bundestages in der 20 . Wahlperiode

After the 2021 Bundestag election, the composition of parliament changed considerably . With 736 mandate holders, the Bundestag has more members than ever before, and more than 38 percent of them are newcomers . The article uses Adalbert Hess’ categorization scheme to examine how the personnel changes affect German MPs’ occupational structure . Compared to the previous electoral term, it is noticeable that, significantly more MPs are from occupational areas close to politics, especially staff members of parliamentary groups and parties . MPs who previously worked in those jobs are often younger and their share is higher among East German MPs . Although convergence tendencies between East and West German MPs are still rare, they do exist: While East German MPs are still less likely to be freelancers and more likely to be self-employed than their West German colleagues, the dif- ferences between the groups have narrowed noticeably compared to the previous electoral term .

Политический кризис в Казахстане

The tragic events in Kazakhstan in early January 2022, when protests against the increase in prices for automobile gas led to mass riots and the loss of control by the authorities over the largest city of Almaty, became the most serious test for the republic in all 30 years of independence. Against the background of the events in the republic, serious personnel changes have taken place. The current president Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, in the conditions of a serious crisis, took over all the remaining posts in the leadership of the country from his predecessor Nursultan Nazarbayev, and also began the process of ousting the clan of the first president from the power structures. Thus, the transit of power in Kazakhstan, launched in 2019, has ended and a new vertical of power and state ideology are currently being formed. The inclusion of the CSTO mission at the request of President Tokayev made it possible to contribute to the stabilization of the situation in the republic in a short time, as well as to receive international support from his closest allies. In the near future, the new government will have to not only quickly form a new management vertical with new priorities, but also respond to a whole range of socio-economic problems that have become one of the key causes of the crisis. The next two years until 2024, when the presidential elections will be held, will be a serious test both for the new management team and for Kazakhstan as a whole.

АКТУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ОСНОВНОЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ С ЦЕЛЬЮ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ У ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЦИФРОВЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ

The research subject is the issue of training personnel capable of being actively involved in digital transformation through applying necessary digital competencies. This paper considers an option for revising the bachelor’s degree program 15.03.05 “Design and Technological Support of Machine-Building Industries” (specialization “Technology of Mechanical Engineering”). The intended result of the revised academic program for students is the acquisition of the applied digital technologies in their future profession and the achievement of set professional targets formed by the enterprises. The algorithm for the development and implementation of the project revision includes three stages. The first stage results in the competence model of a graduate as the foundation of the key changes in training personnel for jobs in digital industries. The second stage focuses on the titles and contents of the courses. Examples of designing a digital competencies profile are provided. The third stage involves designing of academic materials for lecture-type classes, video lectures, video courses, and the materials allowing evaluating the level of digital competencies development. The paper describes the activities implemented at the Chair of Engineering Technology, Manufacturing Machines, and Tools and aimed at revising the content, methods, and forms of an educational activity to prepare graduates highly demanded in the digital economy. The conducted research and analysis of technologies used for digitalization of educational content, and methods of teaching have identified areas for further development of the issue, such as revision of the other academic programs of the specialty 03.15.05 and the Master’s degree program.

경상북도 수산식품 가공기업 지원제도의 저해요인에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors hindering the support system for seafood food processing companies through individual in-depth interviews. In this study, it was found that various impeding factors be occurred in the policy process related to the support system for seafood processing companies. The main obstacles are lack of understanding corporate policy demands, lack of communication channels between stakeholders, lack of trust, the difference of perspectives(short-term, long-term) between public officals and companies, quantitative performance-oriented support system, the lack of professionalism and continuity due to frequent personnel changes of the person in charge, and difficulties in responding to supporting project documents and manpower. As a way to improve the support system for seafood food processing companies, a survey was conducted on the policy demand for seafood food processing companies, establishment of communication channels with stakeholders, simplification of the support process, and formation of long-term partnerships between policy providers and seafood companies.

ВПЛИВ ЗАКОНУ ПРО ГЕНДЕРНІ КВОТИ ДО МІСЦЕВИХ ОРГАНІВ ВЛАДИ

The change in the political status of Ukraine in the modern world, and its transformation into an independent state has led to a conscious redistribution of social roles in Ukrainian society. There is an objective need to change the traditional functional role division between men and women, which doesn’t diminish the reluctance or inability of society to realize this need. The article presents research and analysis of the state policy of local government authorities using the law on gender quotas as new amendments to the Electoral Code of Ukraine. The relevance of this topic is in being little studied and needs its own analysis by studying all the nuances of the impact of the law regarding gender quotas on the work of local authorities, identifying priorities and shortcomings. The purpose of the article is to analyze the project of implementation and change of the state policy of local governments using the law on gender quotas, advantages and disadvantages. In the process of research, the following general scientific theoretical methods were used: systems analysis - to clarify the main categories of research; abstract-logical method - for the implementation of theoretical generalizations and conclusions about the essence of the impact of the law regarding gender quotas on the work of local authorities, its effectiveness and features. The article presents the results of changes in the electoral process in Ukraine, namely the introduction of gender quotas in the electoral lists of political parties and how personnel changes have taken place in local authorities. The peculiarity of the application and result of the introduction of gender quotas in the electoral process by different political parties and what changes have occurred as a result of changes in the last elections to local authorities for women have been studied. The author analyzed the effectiveness and impact of the law on gender quotas. The positive changes and shortcomings of this law and how it changed women's representation in the work of local authorities are indicated. The object of the study is the influence of the law on gender quotas, as the latest subject of the last local elections. The subject of the research is the concept of "gender quotas", features of their influence and functioning in Ukraine. As the law is not perfect and Ukrainian society continues to live in the remnants of patriarchal society in terms of the women’s role in politics, especially at the level of local and regional councils, this topic remains prospective for further study.

Labor Board changes could lead to more organized labor on campus

President Joe Biden made strong support for organized labor a central part of his 2020 presidential campaign and has made good on that commitment from day one of his presidency. In the hours and days following his inauguration, the President implemented a flurry of personnel and policy changes at the National Labor Relations Board, the federal agency charged with protecting the rights of private sector employees under the National Labor Relations Act.

Tracking Egocentric Social Network Change Across Three Rounds of National Survey Data.

The National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) has collected 3 rounds of data on older adults' egocentric social networks. We describe the structure of network data collection for different components of the sample and the data that are available for those groups. We also describe survey techniques that were used to track specific personnel changes that occurred within respondents' networks during the 10-year study period. Descriptive statistics are presented for measures of network size, composition, and internal structure at all 3 rounds, respondent-level summary measures of change in these characteristics between and across rounds, and measures of change associated with the loss and addition of network members across Rounds 1, 2, and 3. Procedures that were used to clean the network change data are also explained. The NSHAP network change module provides reliable information about specific changes that occurred within respondents' confidant networks. For returning baseline respondents, there is considerable overlap with respect to which confidants are named in successive rosters, but the norm is for Round 3 networks to be composed primarily of new confidants. These data provide new insights into the dynamic nature of networks in later life. Data limitations, and directions for future research, are discussed.

When access is not just access: unveiling the administrative agendas pertaining to coastal access in California

Opening and maintaining public access to the coast, as it is for any coastal management agencies in the US, has long been one of the prime missions of the California Coastal Commission. In this article, we ask: what are the administrative agendas latent in coastal access in California? Using webscraping, we collected over 10,000 staff reports prepared by the Commission between 1996 and 2016 and examined how the agency used the permitting process to attain its missions. Using the topic modeling technique, we identified 18 key administrative agendas in the staff reports pertaining to public access. These agendas reveal a wide spectrum of environmental protection strategies that the Commission pursued along with maintaining public access. While some of these topics narrowly focus on coastal accessibility (e.g. easements, trails and paths), and utilization (e.g. recreational activities, piers, parking), many of them extend beyond and cover broader, more controversial environmental agendas, such as shoreline and sensitive habitat protection. We also explored the stability of these administrative agendas over time. We observed notable stability in these efforts in the past two decades, despite personnel changes.

Before and After Ban the Box: Who Complies with Anti-Discrimination Law?

Ban the Box (BTB) laws are an anti-discrimination policy intended to promote employment for persons with criminal records. However, research on law and organizations shows that firms often fail to comply with legal directives or engage in symbolic compliance that fails to alter day-to-day business practices. We consider whether BTB contributed to attitudinal or behavioral shifts among hiring managers and changes in job applications. We analyze a unique set of in-depth interviews (N = 30) and entry-level job applications (N = 305) collected from the same workplaces in 2008 and 2016, assessing the impact of state BTB legislation. We find: (1) that one in five organizations were noncompliant, with noncompliance twice as likely among employers who discriminated against applicants with criminal records pre-BTB and that widespread lack of knowledge and lack of enforcement of BTB appears to affect noncompliance; (2) organizations maintained considerable continuity in hiring practices and attitudes between 2008 and 2016, regardless of personnel changes and statewide implementation of BTB; and (3) post-BTB, strong warnings about criminal background checks at later stages of the hiring process emerged as an alternative source of gatekeeping. These findings contribute to the law and organizations literature by highlighting the importance of enforcement and limits of law for combating discrimination.

University Teaching and Learning in Educational Sciences: The Case of Andragogy in the Czech Republic

The de-ideologisation of Czech higher education was accompanied by many other changes after 1990 in the Czech Republic. In the context of local and global educational policy, this paper presents three periods of development of the educational sciences including andragogy in Czech higher education after 1990, showing how changes influenced university teaching quality. In the research part, the study concentrates on changes made by the actors – notably professors/associate professors – involved in the development of the educational sciences in the Czech Republic since the 1990s. The analysis of the semi-structured interviews shows that the change in educational sciences was framed by limited access to foreign literature and significant personnel changes, including the return of qualified academics. The promotion of andragogy in the Czech Republic demanded the development of methodology and a critical approach to adult learning. For individual academics, the new focus privileged research over teaching, though interaction with students remains central for the interviewees.

Constructing a regional human rights legal order: The Inter-American Court, national courts, and judicial dialogue, 1988–2014

Abstract Why do courts rely on specific bodies of jurisprudence to justify decisions? We analyze judicial dialogue in the Inter-American System, where the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) has defined its mission as the construction of a regional legal order. This order needs courts at all levels to engage with each other. Original databases of citations by the IACtHR to the judgments of national courts, and in the opposite direction, allow us to establish whether such practices are emerging. Furthermore, the article asks why the IACtHR cites some courts but not others, and to what end. Statistical models reveal that the IACtHR is more likely to cite case law from countries that exhibit characteristics that are more conducive to the creation of a regional human rights legal order, and jurisprudence from countries with which it has had more extensive experience and interaction. Qualitative content analysis suggests that the IACtHR uses citations as a source of persuasive authority, but also to showcase domestic acceptance of its doctrines and decisions. This leads us to characterize citations as an effort to educate courts in the use of Inter-American jurisprudence and thus foster greater integration. At the national level, we find considerable temporal/cross-country variation in openness to the dialogue. We rely on original quantitative indicators and case studies to show this is as a function of the IACtHR’s growing visibility and networking efforts, as well as country-level changes in legal cultures and judicial personnel that push courts away from formalism.

Designing and Marketing a LibGuide for Presidential Papers

When I joined the faculty at the Fred J. Taylor Library at the University of Arkansas at Monticello (UAM) in July 2019, I became the coordinator of our institution’s Federal Depository Library Program and Arkansas Documents repositories. As I began inspecting our collections, I discovered that documents were dispersed throughout the library. Though the library has a designated Government Documents Collection cataloged under the SuDoc classification scheme, numerous documents were cataloged under the Library of Congress classification as well. Compounding this issue, documents classified under LC were distributed across various collections. The distribution of government documents across multiple collections is not unique to UAM, and is a common problem among FDLP depositories. Having government documents classified under different schemes and shelved in multiple collections can lead to discrepancies in cataloging, particularly as personnel change over time. Finding multiple split-cataloged series in our collections convinced me that, with rare exception, documents should be consolidated into a revamped Government Documents Collection.

Personalized accounting in the pension system of the Russian Federation

The article deals with the issues of pension provision of citizens, namely, the features of reporting in the mandatory pension insurance system. The authors studied the norms of the adopted Federal Law № 136-FZ as of 24.04.2020 On Amendments Being Made to Articles 2 and 11 of the Federal Law On Individual (Personalized) Accounting in the Mandatory Pension Insurance System, Federal Law № 436-FZ as of 16.12.2019 On Amendments to the Federal Law On Individual (Personalized) Accounting in the mandatory pension insurance system and analyzed the newly introduced employers obligation to provide information on personnel changes (on the admission and dismissal of a citizen) no later than a working day, following the day of the issuance of the relevant order or other document. Much attention is paid to the mechanism of implementation of the provisions on the obligation of timely reporting to the bodies of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, as well as responsibility (administrative) for non-fulfillment of this obligation. At the end of the study, a conclusion was made about the imperfection of the existing model of receiving reports by one body (the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation), and the control over the provision of such reports by another body (the Federal Executive authority exercising federal state supervision over compliance with labor legislation).