Personality Features Research Articles

Does narcissus prefer to be alone? Narcissistic personality features and the preference for solitude.

To examine the associations that narcissistic personality traits had with the preference for solitude. Preference for solitude may be impacted by various characteristics. Narcissism may be one such characteristic given its association with specific motivations for engagement with other individuals (e.g., status attainment). We examined whether the associations that narcissism had with the preference for solitude were moderated by perceived attainment of status or instability of status. Across three studies (N = 627/479/675), extraverted narcissism had the expected aversion to solitude. Antagonistic narcissism and neurotic narcissism did not have consistent associations with the preference for solitude across these studies, nor did the perceived attainment of status consistently moderate the links between narcissistic personality features and the preference for solitude. However, perceived instability of status moderated the associations that extraverted narcissism and antagonistic narcissism had with the preference for solitude. More specifically, the more stable status was perceived to be, the greater the aversion to solitude for those high in extraverted narcissism and the greater the preference for solitude for those high in antagonistic narcissism. This pattern of results suggests that the motivations underlying preferences for solitude differ depending on particular narcissistic traits that predict whether one is more concerned with maintaining, gaining, or losing status. These results build upon what is known about the connections that narcissism has with the preference for solitude.

Коммуникативная функция ольфакторных образов в романах П. Зюскинда «Парфюмер» и Т. Салиха «Сезон миграции на Север»

The article deals with the comparison of olfactory images in Patrick Suskind’s novel Perfume and Tayeb Salih’s The Season of Migration to the North in the communication context of Arab and European cultures. The initial theoretical point, based on the existing developments in the field of literary studies and cultural studies, is the idea of olfactory images as an essential component of the poetics of a work of art. The role played by olfactory images in revealing the characters of the two heroes Jean-Baptiste Grenouille and Mustafa Said is considered. Both heroes share similarities: on the one hand, they have a gift, and on the other, they are alienated from society: they feel lonely, their position in the world is that of an outcast. However, for Grenouille, this alienation is due to his personal features, while Mustafa Said’s psychological problems are connected with the colonial past of his homeland, Sudan. With the help of fragrances, both heroes are trying to restore the destroyed communication links – to evoke love to themselves and assert themselves. The article examines the relationship between olfactory images and the image of the homeland of both heroes. In the novel Perfume, the olfactory image of Paris is represented exclusively in a repulsive way. In the novel The Season of migration to the North, smells, by contrast, return the hero to his childhood, help him achieve harmony with himself and with nature. Olfactory images play an important role in revealing the problem of the protagonist’s communication with women. Grenouille artificially creates a fragrance that causes erotic temptation in the people around him. Salih’s novel also shows the connection between olfactory images and the motives of seduction, however, Mustafa Said does not create artificial smells, but uses natural smells to arouse the interest of his potential victims. The article concludes that the communicative functions of olfactory images in both novels are similar, but their differences are determined by the specific features of Arab and European culture.

Big data background of county-level media “mobility” pressure cracking strategy

Abstract The construction of county-level integrated media is facing a communication dilemma, and it must alter the way and method of communication by using big data. In this paper, under the background of big data, the basic metric features of the users of integrated media communication are calculated by name similarity, one-hot coding features, following rate, etc., which are combined with the pixel statistical characteristics and avatar personality features to build a user portrait of integrated media communication. Taking the user’s profile as the anchor point of communication, the CD-VAE model is used to predict and analyze the early communication of integrated media content. Through case studies, the current characteristics of county-level integrated media and the trend of primary and secondary dissemination are examined. The first and second newspapers were distributed 278 times and 251 times, respectively, with a conversion rate of 12.61%. The primary and secondary dissemination of Jitterbug reached 303 and 284 times, respectively, as media in the era of mobile Internet. The use of big data technology can effectively analyze the development pain points of county-level integrated media.

Borderline personality features predict empathy for animals but not for children

Although empathy is not a defining feature of borderline personality disorder, there is a growing body of work suggesting deficits in some components of empathy toward humans. There is no research investigating the link between borderline personality features (BPF) and empathy toward animals, which may be less threatening to individuals that struggle in interpersonal relationships and fear rejection. We examined BPF and self-reported distress and viewing times of photographs depicting dogs and children in twelve adverse circumstances in a college student sample (N = 464) with trait empathy as a mediator in Study 1. BPF predicted distress to dog but not child photos. There were significant indirect effects of BPF on distress to dog and child photos through personal distress. In Study 2 (N = 524), we further examined the processes underlying these associations by modelling a serial mediation of BPF with distress to dog and child photos through anxious and avoidant attachment to trait empathy toward animals and humans. We replicated the finding that BPF predicted distress to dog but not child photos. BPF predicted both anxious and avoidant attachment styles, which negatively predicted empathy for humans and animals. Empathy for humans mediated the associations with distress for child photos whereas empathy for animals mediated the associations with distress for dog photos. Further research is needed to determine the causal pathways between BPF, attachment, and empathy to animals and humans.

Perfectionism in anorexia nervosa: Associations with clinical picture and personality traits.

Although many researchers addressed the topics, no consistent data are currently available regarding the relationship between perfectionism and personality traits in anorexia nervosa (AN). The present study aimed to assess differences between high- and low-perfectionism groups of patients with AN and to identify which variables show the strongest association with perfectionism. A group of inpatients with AN (n = 193) was recruited and completed a battery of self-report questionnaires regarding eating-related and general psychopathology, perfectionism, and personality. On the basis of perfectionism scores, patients were divided into high- and low-perfectionism groups. High-perfectionist patients displayed higher eating-related and general psychopathology; higher depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament, and lower self-directedness, cooperativeness and self-esteem. Perfectionism was associated with the drive for thinness, cooperativeness, self-esteem and anxious temperament. On the basis of the two personality traits most strongly correlated with perfectionism (i.e., cooperativeness and anxious temperament), patients could be correctly assigned to the high- or low-perfectionism group by an algorithm. The study suggests that perfectionism in AN is related to eating psychopathology, especially of restrictive type, and personality features such as cooperativeness and anxious temperament. These findings confirm the important role of perfectionism in AN, not only concerning eating behaviour but personality as well.

Online peer feedback in higher education: A synthesis of the literature

AbstractOnline peer feedback is an effective instructional strategy to enhance students' learning processes and outcomes. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the influential factors that play a key role in the effective implementation of online peer feedback. This systematic review provides an overview of the current state of online peer feedback implementation in higher education contexts and explores the role of students' characteristics and online learning environments in relation to their learning processes and outcomes. To achieve this goal, the PRISMA method was followed, and a coding scheme was developed to create a framework that can guide the implementation of online peer feedback in higher education settings. This framework depicts factors that should be taken into account for effective implementation of online peer feedback in terms of four dimensions: students' characteristics (demographic characteristics, academic background, and personality and psychological features), environmental conditions (learning platform and setting), learning processes (content, feedback activity design, and technology), and learning outcomes including cognitive outcomes (e.g., acquisition of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation), behavioral outcomes (engagement, communication, and teamwork), and affective outcomes (satisfaction, motivation, attitude, self-efficacy, sense of autonomy, and confidence). We conclude this study by discussing the framework, limitations, and ideas for future research and practice.

Electrocardiogram-Based Biometric Identification Using Mixed Feature Extraction and Sparse Representation.

(1) Background: The ability to recognize identities is an essential component of security. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals have gained popularity for identity recognition because of their universal, unique, stable, and measurable characteristics. To ensure accurate identification of ECG signals, this paper proposes an approach which involves mixed feature sampling, sparse representation, and recognition. (2) Methods: This paper introduces a new method of identifying individuals through their ECG signals. This technique combines the extraction of fixed ECG features and specific frequency features to improve accuracy in ECG identity recognition. This approach uses the wavelet transform to extract frequency bands which contain personal information features from the ECG signals. These bands are reconstructed, and the single R-peak localization determines the ECG window. The signals are segmented and standardized based on the located windows. A sparse dictionary is created using the standardized ECG signals, and the KSVD (K-Orthogonal Matching Pursuit) algorithm is employed to project ECG target signals into a sparse vector-matrix representation. To extract the final representation of the target signals for identification, the sparse coefficient vectors in the signals are maximally pooled. For recognition, the co-dimensional bundle search method is used in this paper. (3) Results: This paper utilizes the publicly available European ST-T database for our study. Specifically, this paper selects ECG signals from 20, 50 and 70 subjects, each with 30 testing segments. The method proposed in this paper achieved recognition rates of 99.14%, 99.09%, and 99.05%, respectively. (4) Conclusion: The experiments indicate that the method proposed in this paper can accurately capture, represent and identify ECG signals.

Double pronominalization and clitic doubling in Dialectal Brazilian Portuguese and Colloquial Standard Brazilian Portuguese

In this study, we propose a comparative analysis of the ditransitive constructions in Dialectal Brazilian Portuguese (DBP) and Colloquial Standard Brazilian Portuguese (BP), taking into consideration the phenomenon named Double Pronominalization, in which both the theme and the goal arguments are realized as clitics or full pronouns, with consequences for the occurrence of a type of Person Case Constraint as well as a specific case of clitic doubling. In the comparative scenario, we show that the DBP instantiates a particular type of Double Object Construction (DOC), in which the grammatical licensing of the goal argument has similarities with the English DOC. Further we consider that both the dialectal and the standard varieties display the prepositional ditransitive construction (PDC), in which the goal argument is introduced by the preposition para (‘to’). In this paper we propose that these innovative properties can be accounted for if we consider the theory of low and high applicative, as expressed in Pylkännen’s (2008) typology. Following Pancheva & Zubizarreta (2018), we also assume that the applicative head bears an interpretable person feature entering an agreement relation with the argument introduced in the specifier position of the applicative domain (cf. also Torres Morais & Salles 2010, 2016, 2019). Finally, we claim that the loss of third person dative clitics in BP undermine the feature make-up of the low applicative head, excluding clitic cluster and clitic doubling formation (of the EP type). Consequently, two strategies arise in the licensing of the goal argument in ditransitive structures: (i) under structural Case, in a low applicative head, as found in DBP; (ii) as an oblique phrase, introduced by the preposition para (‘to’). However, first and second clitics me and te remain, implying that the BP pronominal system expresses a monovalent value for the feature [participant]. We propose that they are licensed in a high applicative structure bearing an interpretable person feature, under an agreement relation with the inherent interpretable person feature, which corresponds to first (speaker) and second person (addressee) (cf. Torres Morais & Salles, 2022).

Narcissus' belief about his body: Aspects of narcissism, body image, and eating disorder symptoms.

Narcissism may play a role in shaping body image concerns. Here we examined the relationships between narcissism (i.e., agentic extraversion, antagonism, narcissistic neuroticism, leadership/authority, exhibitionism/entitlement) and body image concerns and disturbances (i.e., drive for thinness, drive for muscularity, eating disorder symptoms, body mass index, current/desired fat, and current/desired muscularity). Mechanical Turk workers from the USA (N = 430; 64% male) completed the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire, the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, the Drive for Muscularity Scale, the Drive for Thinness Scale, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-Short, and the Sex-Specific Somatomorphic Matrixes. All narcissistic factors were associated with a greater drive for thinness (except for leadership/authority) and for muscularity, more eating disorder symptoms, a greater desired body fat (except for leadership/authority), and a greater current muscularity. Greater agentic extraversion and exhibitionism/entitlement were associated with lower levels of current body fat, and greater antagonism was associated with a greater desired muscularity. Notably, individual differences in narcissism appeared to be important in understanding body image concerns, broadly speaking. We found that narcissism may be associated with body image concerns among both sexes differently, and especially that drive for thinness was more related to narcissism in men. Our results emphasize the importance of narcissism in formulating and treating body image-related disorders for both men and women. Ultimately, narcissistic features of personality may be risk factors for developing and perpetuating body image concerns, and therefore should be considered in assessment, formulation, diagnosis, and treatment of eating disorders.

Unpacking thep-factor. Associations Between Maladaptive Personality Traits and General Psychopathology in Female and Male Adolescents.

Adolescence is a period of rapid physical, psychological, and neural maturation that makes youth vulnerable to emerging psychopathology, highlighting the need for improved identification of psychopathology risk indicators. Recently, a higher-order latent psychopathology factor (p-factor) was identified that explains latent liability for psychopathology beyond internalizing and externalizing difficulties. However, recent proposals suggest reconceptualizing the p-factor model in terms ofimpairments in personality encompassing difficulties in both self-regulation (borderline features) and self-esteem (narcissistic features), but this remains untested. To address this, this study examined the p-factor structure and the contribution of borderline and narcissistic features using two cross-sectional data collections. In Study 1, 974 cisgender adolescents (63% assigned females at birth; age range: 13-19; Mage = 16.68,SD = 1.40) reported on internalizing and externalizing problems (YSR) to test via structural equation models (SEM) different theoretical models for adolescent psychopathology. In Study 2, 725 cisgender adolescents (64.5% assigned females at birth; age range: 13-19; Mage = 16.22,SD = 1.32) reported internalizing and externalizing problems (YSR), borderline personality features (BPFSC-11), and narcissistic personality traits (PNI), to explore, via SEM, thecontribution ofborderline and narcissistic traitsto the p-factor and accounting for gender differences.Results confirmed the utility of a bi-factor model in adolescence. Furthermore, findings highlighted the contribution of borderline features and narcissistic vulnerability to general psychopathology. The study provides the first evidence supporting a p-factor model reconceptualized in terms ofpersonality impairments encompassing difficulties in self-regulation and self-esteem in adolescents.

Analysis of the Impact of Online Advertising Strategy on Convenience Food Consumers' Purchasing Behavior

In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the convenience food market in China, as well as the characteristics and sales characteristics of its products and the suitability of online advertising, scholars have paid more attention to and studied how to attract consumers to purchase products through unique online advertising styles, content and delivery channels. In order to cope with consumer consumption upgrades and break through product homogenization. In this paper, the author summarizes the three characteristics of online advertising, strong interactivity, diverse forms and personalization, and classifies online advertising according to different release channels of online advertising, so as to explain the important role that online advertising can play in convenience food marketing, and analyze the most suitable types of online advertising and advertising characteristics for convenience food marketing. The author uses the literature survey method and case analysis method to analyze and evaluate the current situation of convenience food online advertising, and there are many problems in China's convenience food online advertising and marketing at this stage, such as false advertising content, plagiarism, imitation, and excessive similarity. The author draws inspiration by analyzing excellent marketing cases, gives examples, summarizes the content that should be improved in convenience food online advertising, and gives suggestions on online advertising strategies to promote convenience food sales. This includes a focus on social media, brand positioning, and a focus on sensitive issues.

Гражданская правосубъектность участников сделок в сети Интернет: понятие и особенности правового регулирования

Introduction. Legal personality is a fundamental category in civil law relations and in civil law in general. However, despite the significant place it occupies in the system of law, this category does not have a legal definition. In the paper, the main features inherent in legal personality as a category of law are identified and analyzed; various approaches to the definition and essence of civil legal personality are studied; the distinctive features of the legal personality of individuals participating in transactions on the Internet are identified; conclusions are drawn regarding the place occupied by this category; and the role and importance in the general system of law, as a whole, and in transactions in electronic form, in particular, are determined. Purpose. To compare different approaches to understanding legal personality, to determine the characteristic features inherent in this category, to find the distinctive features of legal personality when making transactions on the Internet, and to identify the specifics in the digital format of transactions. Methods. In the course of the study, the methods of dialectical and formal logic, comparison, analysis, and synthesis are used. Results. Legal personality is a basic institution of civil law and is a legally independent form in which parties in civil law relations are cast. This category has specific, defining features, for example, when transactions are made remotely. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted legal research, it has been revealed that the legal personality of parties to online transactions has distinctive features that make it possible to find out and distinguish such persons from other subjects of civil law relations. The legal regulation of transactions made in electronic form requires a detailed and in-depth study and the adjustment of legal norms.

25 High-resolution MRI Reveals Selective Patterns of Hippocampal Subfield Atrophy in Focal Epilepsy

Objective:Hippocampal pathology is a consistent feature in persons with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and a strong biomarker of memory impairment. Histopathological studies have identified selective patterns of cell loss across hippocampal subfields in TLE, the most common being cellular loss in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and dentage gyrus (DG). Structural neuroimaging provides a non-invasive method to understand hippocampal pathology, but traditionally only at a whole-hippocampal level. However, recent methodological advances have enabled the non-invasive quantification of subfield pathology in patients, enabling potential integration into clinical workflow. In this study, we characterize patterns of hippocampal subfield atrophy in patients with TLE and examine the associations between subfield atrophy and clinical characteristics.Participants and Methods:High-resolution T2 and T1-weighted MRI were collected from 31 participants (14 left TLE; 6 right TLE; 11 healthy controls [HC], aged 18-61 years). Reconstructions of hippocampal subfields and estimates of their volumes were derived using the Automated Segmentation of Hippocampal Subfields (ASHS) pipeline. Total hippocampal volume was calculated by combining estimates of the subfields CA1-3, DG, and subiculum. To control for variations in head size, all volume estimates were divided by estimates of total brain volume. To assess disease effects on hippocampal atrophy, hippocampi were recoded as either ipsilateral or contralateral to the side of seizure focus. Two sample t-tests at a whole-hippocampus level were used to test for ipsilateral and contralateral volume loss in patients relative to HC. To assess whether we replicated the selective histopathological patterns of subfield atrophy, we carried out mixed-effects ANOVA, coding for an interaction between diagnostic group and hippocampal subfield. Finally, to assess effects of disease load, non-parametric correlations were performed between subfield volume and age of first seizure and duration of illness.Results:Patients had significantly smaller total ipsilateral hippocampal volume compared with HC (d=1.23, p<.005). Contralateral hippocampus did not significantly differ between TLE and HC. Examining individual subfields for the ipsilateral hemisphere revealed significant main-effects for group (F(1, 29)=8.2, p<0.01), subfields (F(4, 115)=550.5, p<0.005), and their interaction (F(4, 115)=8.1, p<0.001). Post-hoc tests revealed that TLE had significantly smaller volume in the ipsilateral CA1 (d=-2.0, p<0.001) and DG (d = -1.4, p<0.005). Longer duration of illness was associated with smaller volume of ipsilateral CA2 (p=-0.492, p<0.05) and larger volume of contralateral whole-hippocampus (p=0.689, p<0.001), CA1 (p=0.614, p < 0.005), and DG (p=0.450, p<0.05).Conclusions:Histopathological characterization after surgery has revealed important associations between hippocampal subfield cell loss and memory impairments in patients with TLE. Here we demonstrate that non-invasive neuroimaging can detect a pattern of subfield atrophy in TLE (i.e., CA1/DG) that matches the most common form of histopathologically-observed hippocampal sclerosis in TLE (HS Type 1) and has been linked directly to both verbal and visuospatial memory impairment. Finally, we found evidence that longer disease duration is associated with larger contralateral hippocampal volume, driven by increases in CA1 and DG. This may reflect subfield-specific functional reorganization to the unaffected brain tissue, a compensatory effect which may have important implications for patient function and successful treatment outcomes.

Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version among young people in South Africa and the relationship of high scale scores to reported offending or similar deviant behaviour.

While there is empirical evidence to support associations between psychopathy scale ratings and offending or deviant behaviours, suggested as support for a unified theory of crime, evidence to date has been mainly from countries with high economic ratings and Western philosophies. In countries with a wide range of cultural groups and languages and a complex history of colonisation and apartheid, such scale ratings and correlations may differ. To explore the psychometric properties of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI-S) and its applicability and relationship to deviant and actual or potential criminal behaviour among young adults in South Africa. 18- to 20-year-olds from poor socio-economic backgrounds were recruited by a fieldworker with an existing relationship with community-based youth centres. Consenting participants completed the Deviant Behaviour Variety Scale, reflecting criminal or similar behaviours in the 12months prior to rating and the YPI-S. Reliability measurements, principal factor analysis, Spearman's Rho correlations, chi square and multiple regression were used to explore performance of the YPI-S in this sample and relationship of YPI-S scores to deviancy. Of the 213 participants recruited, 176 completed all data points and were entered into analyses. The YPI-S was found to have generally good psychometric properties; however, in factor analysis, while items mapped well into an emotional subscale and quite well into an interpersonal scale, as in the original, behavioural items did not. Emotional, interpersonal and total YPI-S scores were significantly associated with reported deviant behaviour scores. The findings of this study suggest value in using the YPI-S with young people in South Africa to help identify those vulnerable to committing criminal acts. Among these disadvantaged young people, however, caution should be used in interpreting scores on its behavioural dimension. It is interesting that the emotional dimension, which incorporates perhaps the most personal features such as 'callous and unemotional traits' (albeit probably better considered as difficulty in recognising emotions in others), seemed most robust, suggesting that there may be core problems in a pathway to crime-or theory of crime-that transcend culture. This possibility, likely to be remediable through personal interventions, would benefit from further investigation.

Effect Analysis of Digital Communication of Social Media from the Perspective of New Media

At a time when everyone is using social media, new media gives people a new form of communication, digital communication. In the present digital communication, it has completely different characteristics from traditional media and changes peoples lives imperceptibly. People are no longer focused on the content of newspapers or magazines but more focused on global and personal content. Media is no longer something only professionals can use. Everyone can become a celebrity on the Internet. This essay analyzes the characteristics of digital communication brought by new media and what impression and harm it brings to creators, users, and advertisers, respectively. According to the research findings, social media has the characteristics of diversity, real-time, globalization and personalization. It gives creators a wider range of creative space, makes it easier for advertisers to find their target audience, and allows users to improve their Internet experience. While providing internet convenience, there are also risk of network security.

Research on Teaching Reform of Intelligent Transportation System based on Internet Learning

Network learning education teaching method is widely used in the new era, is a new method of teacher teaching, new technology, is a new idea of school teaching management, is an important teaching tool for schools to organize online learning. Network learning has the characteristics of high technology value, high integration, high sharing and high personalization. Network teaching has its unique advantages and promotes the new development direction of teaching. At the same time, because of its own shortcomings, network teaching can not fully replace traditional teaching. This paper aims at the problems existing in intelligent transportation courses, combined with the advantages of network learning, to explore the reform of teaching methods and means, so as to improve the efficiency and quality of education and teaching, and enhance students' interest in learning.

THE KEY SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF THE PROCESS OF FORMING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE HISTORY TEACHERS DURING THE STUDY OF SPECIALISED DISCIPLINES

The article updates the view that the knowledge, value-semantic and general cultural and purely personal components of the professional competence of a future history teacher are considered by the author as one's ability to generate and adhere to own responsible decisions and to actively participate in identifying and solving both professional and socially important problems, subject to defending one's position. The author characterises some key social determinants of the process of forming professional competence of future history teachers while studying specialised disciplines, which ensures both the development of their intellectual and creative abilities and promotes ongoing creative and socially active interaction with all subjects of the educational process of a higher pedagogical education institution. The following social determinants have been identified: formation of social competence of future history teachers along with the processes of their socio-cultural identification; actualisation of the leading features of a creative personality; solving the problem of professional self-esteem of future history teachers; their self-development in the processes of obtaining the pedagogical profession; modern higher pedagogical education institutions provide equal start-up opportunities in acquiring quality professional education and facilitate the implementation of their potential, creative abilities, and interests and requirements in the process of professional training in the study of specialised disciplines. The paper determines that in the processes of professional training of future history teachers in higher pedagogical education institutions, it is important to create conditions for their effective development as a citizen of Ukraine, a patriot of the country, the professionally and life-competent and competitive personality who successfully self-realise in society.

Federated Learning Based on Mutual Information Clustering for Wireless Traffic Prediction

Wireless traffic prediction can help operators accurately predict the usage of wireless networks, and it plays an important role in the load balancing and energy saving of base stations. Currently, most traffic prediction methods are centralized learning strategies, which need to transmit a large amount of traffic data and have timeliness and data privacy issues. Federated learning, as a distributed learning framework with no client data sharing and multi-client collaborative training, can solve such problems. We propose a federated learning wireless traffic prediction framework based on mutual information clustering (FedMIC). First, a sliding window scheme is used to construct the raw data into adjacent and periodic dual-traffic sequences and capture their traffic characteristics separately to enhance the client model learning capability. Second, clients with similar traffic data distributions are clustered together using a mutual information-based spectral clustering algorithm to facilitate the capture of the personalized features of each clustered model. Then, models are aggregated using a hierarchical aggregation architecture of intra-cluster model aggregation and inter-cluster model aggregation to address the statistical heterogeneity challenge of federated learning and to improve the prediction accuracy of models. Finally, an attention mechanism-based model aggregation algorithm is used to improve the generalization ability of the global model. Experimental results show that our proposed method minimizes the prediction error and has superior traffic prediction performance compared to traditional distributed machine learning methods and other federated learning methods.

Do attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms influence treatment outcome in gambling disorder?

Background and aimsNumerous studies point to the comorbidity between gambling disorder (GD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, there is a lack of research exploring how ADHD symptoms might influence psychological treatment outcomes for GD. Therefore, we aimed to explore differences between patients with GD with and without self-reported ADHD symptoms regarding psychopathology, personality, sociodemographic and treatment outcome measures. MethodThis longitudinal study included 170 patients with GD receiving cognitive behavioral therapy. Multiple self-reported instruments were used to assess clinical variables and sociodemographic measures prior to treatment. ResultsA clinical profile characterized by greater GD severity, higher psychopathology and impulsivity, and less adaptive personality features was observed in patients with self-reported ADHD symptoms compared to those without. No significant differences in treatment response (measured by dropout and relapse rates) were observed between the two groups. However, patients with self-reported ADHD symptoms experienced more severe relapses (i.e., gambled more money) and GD patients who relapsed scored higher on measures of ADHD, particularly inattention. ConclusionIndividuals with GD and self-reported symptoms of ADHD may experience more severe relapses following treatment, suggesting a need for more vigilant follow-up and interventions for patients with this comorbidity.

Judge performance indicator evaluation system: improvement continues

This article is an analytical work where author investigates the possible directions of improvement of the existing methodological basis of the procedure for evaluation the competences and qualities of persons who will form the judicial corps in Ukraine. The main focus of the research is directed to the analysis of the indicators used to assess the professional and personal features of judges (candidates for the positions of judges), to the repeatability of such indicators, as well as to the validity of including one or another indicator in the appropriate set of indicators, which in their combination will give an answer to questions regarding the compliance of a judge (candidate for the position of judge) with one or another evaluation criterion. It should be noted that in previous works, the author has already begun to study from a similar angle such two important indicators of judge evaluation as indicators of «effectiveness of administration of justice» and «activities to increase the professional level». In this study, the author continues the analysis of indicators for the correctness of their assignment to one or another criterion, establishing their fair weight in the overall assessment of the competencies of a judge (candidate for the position of judge) and includes, in particular, among them such indicators as «integrity», «honesty «, «decency», «discipline», «understanding and compliance with rules and norms» and others.
 Analyzing the problem of repeating the same indicators within the scope of different sub-criteria, the author of the article tries to prove the point of view that the existing approach reduces the reliability of the relevant criteria, artificially overestimates or underestimates their weight in the overall evaluation of the abilities of a judge (candidate for the position of judge). As a result, the study proves the necessity of eliminating of the repetition of the same indicators and adjust their weight to the fair value.
 The final aim of the conducted analysis is to encourage the legislative and judicial branches of power to take actions and steps that would systematize the existing methodology for evaluating the performance of judges (candidates for the positions of judges) and would help more accurately identify useful features in candidates that will dfine the professional community of Ukrainians judges in the nearest future.