Personalistic Perspective Research Articles

Komunikasi Terapeutik Rohaniawan pada Pelayanan Spiritual Pasien Gangguan Jiwa

<p><em>Therapeutic communication on spiritual services that is often carried out by clergy is one of the activities to help the healing process of mental patients. This study aims to find out and analyze therapeutic communication in spiritual services between clergy and psychiatric patients. This research uses phenomenology method with in-depth interview data collection techniques conducted on four clergy. The results of this study indicate that the clergy interpret mental patients from a biomedical and personalistic perspective. Mental disorders cause erratic physiological actions that make the clergy also interpret spiritual service as an effort to help patients get peace of mind by using religious practices. The stages of therapeutic communication carried out by clergy on spiritual service are the orientation stage, the work stage and the termination stage. Opened with orientation stages, clergy make small talk first to get to know more about psychiatric patients. Continued the work phase which raises religious values, and closes with the termination stage consist of follow up plan and subjective evaluation. Clergy often encounter obstacles to spiritual service, the obstacles are miss communication, emotional instability and</em> <em>the patient's habit of saying</em><em> </em><em>abruptly. Spiritual efforts to reduce barriers are guarding emotions, pausing. The method used by clergy in spiritual service is muhasabah, returning to nature, reflection, and release of sin.</em><em></em></p>

The Subject-Participatory Paradigm in Correlation with the Constitutive Features of Pedagogical Qualitative Research: A Personalistic Perspective

The aim of the article is to show the correlation between the subject-participatory paradigm and the basic features of qualitative pedagogical research in practical terms. The choice of this research topic can be justified by the insufficient range of literature in the field. Therefore, the subject-participatory paradigm will be explored from the personalistic perspective, with reference to the constitutive features of pedagogical qualitative research in order to address the research problem while taking into account the above-mentioned correlation. The starting point is the concept of the subject-participatory paradigm grounded in the thought of Karol Wojtyła. Then, in conducting a hermeneutic analysis, the author refers to the concepts of scientists such as Dariusz Kubinowski, Krzysztof Szmidt, Marcella Kelly, Maura Dowling, Michelle Millar, Matthew de Carlo, and others. Also, references are made to the research stages, mainly embedded in the creative methodology, which can facilitate the emergence of the correlation between the aforementioned paradigm and the constitutive features of pedagogical qualitative research.

Spiritual Heritage of Europe in the Light of Personalistic Universalism of Karol Wojtyla—John Paul II

The article is devoted to the philosophical and theological thought of Karol Wojtyła, i.e., John Paul II, who in his considerations gave a lot of attention to European issues, including the spiritual heritage of Europe, to European Christianity in its two varieties, i.e., Latin and Byzantine, and to the relationship between European unity and the pluralism of national cultures. We discover the proper sense of Wojtyła’s European thought by referring to his inspiration with the theology of spirituality, which was the future Pope’s first research experience. His vision of Europe is based on personalistic philosophy, thanks to which these considerations take a universal form. The key to understanding universalism is personalistic hermeneutics, owing to which we perceive the source of universality in man understood as a person. However, Wojtyła’s universalism has two faces. It is universalism in the literal sense, thanks to the personalistic perspective. In the axiological layer it also takes the form of Christian or European and in a way also Eurocentric universalism, which is related to the perception of Europe as a depositary and promoter of universal values of Christianity.

The Debate on the Concept of the Person in Bioethics

This article endeavours to sketch the debate about the concept of a person in the realm of bioethics. Initially, it sets out three understandings of the issue, namely the concept of a person in naturalistic philosophy, in the current of communitarianism and in one of the humanistic positions. The analysis of these approaches lead to the conclusion that a human person is perceived either as an empirical and psychological entity or as a free subjectivity creating him/herself. This thesis provides stimulation for further research. In order to avoid a kind of dualism in the perception of a person stemming from the stances outlined above, the personalistic approach is developed. This points out that a human being should be depicted as one indivisible entity unifying in itself more strictly its self, a subjective aspect of the person, with nature-body aspect which is an objective facet of being human. Given this personalistic perspective, a person comes out as an embodied subjectivity formed by the unique personal act of existence. In this article, such a concept of a person is argued as a vital support in the complex field of bioethical dilemmas.

Subjective Basis for Elucidating Communication in the Personalistic Perspective

The paper examines man’s involvement in the communication process. While elucidating communication one needs to take into account the subjective factors which condition its existence. The article particularly highlights the personal dimension of human existence and an integrated action of his powers thanks to which man constitutes the subject and motive for all forms of communication activity. The basic types of communication are affected by virtue of a relation to human powers: intellective-cognitive and volitive-emotive. Yet, it is persuasive communication that, methodologically ordered within the framework of rhetoric, seems to fully recognize the communication determinants characteristic of man’s nature. The progressing technicization of the media also needs to be perceived through an integrated personalistic perspective accepting the subjective determinants of man participating in the communication process.

Integral Development of Students with Special Educational Needs in Inclusive Education from a Personalistic Perspective

The student’s right to integral development resulting from the internal dignity of each person is most fully explained in the concept of classical personalism. This right applies to every student, regardless of their age, family and social conditions or cognitive competence. In recent years, an inclusive model of education has been promoted, one promising high quality education to all students in mainstream schools. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the importance of the concept of integral upbringing based on personalism in inclusive education, being that this approach alone guarantees the authentic good of all participants of the inclusion process, without the risk of falling into collectivism or excessive individualism.

Implicancias bioético-legislativas del consentimiento informado en la redacción del Protocolo de Aborto Terapéutico

Therapeutic abortion is a medical practice that has been decriminalized in our country and is currently regulated under a standardized procedure at the national level in the so-called Protocol of Therapeutic Abortion (PAT), requiring the informed consent (IC) of the pregnant woman but without considering the rights of the child. The present paper contains both a bioethical analysis, from a principialistic and personalistic perspective, and a legislative analysis of the IC of the pregnant woman regulated by the PAT as a requirement for the realization of an abortion for therapeutic reasons. It seeks to discern its degree of suitability, both from a bioethical and a legal standpoint.

인격주의 생명윤리 측면에서의 『칠극』이해 - ‘해탐’(解貪)을 중심으로 -

이 글은 『칠극』의 맥락에서 현대 의과학 기술의 하나인 보조생식술을 고찰하였다. 초기 가톨릭신자의 윤리지침서인 『칠극』이 현대인의 생활과 유의미한 연관을 가지기 위해서는, 『칠극』의 맥락에서 현대 의과학 기술의 하나인 보조생식술의 시술과정에 수반되는 배아의 생명 침해 문제는 어떻게 설명될 수 있는지 고찰할 필요가 있다. 『칠극』 ‘해탐’(解貪)편이 제시하는 원리와 지침에 의거해보조생식술을 고찰한 결과, 『칠극』의 맥락에서 보조생식술은 인간의 탐욕에 해당하여 허용될 수 없는 기술이다. 그 근거는 첫째, 보조생식술은 인간이 알 수 있는 이치의 범위를 벗어난 지탐(智貪) 과 관련되며, 둘째, 탐욕을 푸는 ‘해탐’의 방안인 ‘평등’의 원리가보조생식술 시술과정에 적용될 수 없다는데 있었다. 이러한 고찰결과는 회칙 ｢인간 생명｣(Humanae vitae)과 인간 생명의 기원과출산의 존엄성에 관한 훈령 ｢생명의 선물｣(Donum Vitae)의 가르침과 상통하며, 인격주의 생명윤리체계의 인간 생명 보호 원리와도 상통하였다. 『칠극』이 제시하는 ‘해탐’의 방안으로서 ‘평등’원리는 배아의 생명 침해가 부당하다는 인격주의 생명윤리체계의 주장에 정당성을 더해준다. 그리고 ‘평등’원리는 입장과 이해의 대립에서 기인하는 인간 생명침해문제의 정당성을 판단하는 기준으로유용할 것이므로, 인격주의 생명윤리 측면에서 『칠극』이 제시하는실천덕목은 연구될 필요가 있다.

Sentido cristiano del hombre. La antropología teológica de Jean Mouroux

The French theologian Jean Mouroux developed a valuable reflection about faith and Christian experience in the middle of the 20th century. In this essay, the author shows how Mouroux’s personalistic perspective is underpinned by a Christian anthropological vision, which in some aspects anticipates the point of view taken by the Second Vatican Council.

Kategoria osoby a neuroantropologia Olivera Sacksa

Abstract A key theme of the contemporary bioethical debate is the concept of the person being considered, primarily from the naturalistic and personalistic perspective. On the basis of medical science, this term has appeared in relation to the biomedical and holistic paradigms. The topic of this article is an attempt to transfer the concept of “the person” onto a field of above-mentioned research models and demonstrate the functioning of the term based on them. This treatment is required for the explication of Oliver Sacks statement, which is a synthesis of biomedical and holistic paradigms. The author through the analysis of research methods used by Sacks presents his relation to the patient as the person, and then he tries to explain the reasons why neurology cultivated by a British doctor is called neuroanthropology.

Niedostosowanie społeczne dzieci i młodzieży a potencjał socjalizacyjno-terapeutyczny środowiska szkolnego

The aim of this paper is to broaden the understanding of the process of shaping the social maladjustment from the systemic, relational and communication perspective and to discuss the various impacts of therapeutic methods on the prevention of the problem and coping with it when fully developed. Author presents important issues such as potential of family and education environment to create bonds and ties with children and adolescents, bonds-making behavior modelling and communication, the role of the teacher as the provider of socialization and personality patterns, therapeutic dialogue as special container for their internal conflicts and support for development of identity process. Author shows general meta-perspective on the social maladjustment prevention that takes into account personalistic approach perspective, attachment theory, positive motivation to change and axiological dimension of the children and adolescents bonds, ties and relationships with the social world. Also author shows general, practical model of therapeutic work in school environment that aims at prevention of social maladjustment.

Ekonomia dobra czy zła? Ekonomiczno-gospodarcze paradoksy współczesności

Economics plays important role in contemporary societies and shapes our thinking about fundamental aspects of everyday life. If that is the case, it is necessary to analyse economic theories from the axiological point of view. It does not only has theoretical importance but practical as well when we consider recent financial and economic crisis when economists were asked to explain how and why was it possible for the 21st century economy and economics to fail so seriously. The article reflects on these issues and presents examples of paradoxes in contemporary economics and economy which show that critical evaluation of what our societies consider true and right in terms of material reproduction and social well-being is necessary. It also asks about ‘good economics’ which will not only adequately describe and interprete real economic processes but also serve as the useful and effective tool for accomplishing economic and social – morally acceptable – development. In order to do this the article analyses and verifies foundations and assumptions of current economic theory. It engages the contribution of personalistic perspective and authors like John D. Mueller, Tomas Sedlacek, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Amartya Sen, Gary S. Becker, Chantal Delsol and Grzegorz W. Kolodko who offer interesting arguments in the discussion about the proper shape of economics which will facilitate economic and human development as well.

Komunikacja w rodzinie: od interakcji do osobowej relacji (perspektywa personalistyczna)

The aim of the paper is to present the key issues related to communication in the family from a personalistic perspective. A concept of the character proposed by William Stern served as a inspiration. This perspective varies from the previous ones related to the process of communication, analyzing its structure/course or its effect on human functioning. It does not focus on the process itself or the object of the communication process but on the subject of this process: on the characterological maturity of family members, a maturity that, according to Stern, is the basis of their mutual interrelationship, manifested in action. Character will, therefore, be also manifested in a specific form of communication between family members: immature – interactive – or mature – dialogical, personal relationship. Such a perspective may complement the current ones. It may also prove inspiring for specialists working with the family.

Toward a Critically Personalistic General Psychology in Consideration of Its Unifying Potential

At a time of renewed interest in the possibility of unifying psychology, the present article suggests that the personalistic perspective might warrant consideration as a possible framework within which to pursue this objective. The reference here is an approach set forth by the German psychologist and philosopher William Stern (1871–1938) in his General Psychology From the Personalistic Standpoint, a work first published in German in 1935, and in an English translation by Howard Davis Spoerl in 1938. The article first discusses some of the historical context within which Stern's work emerged, and then elaborates on certain of the key aspects of the personalistic view, including Stern's notion of the person as a psychophysically neutral unitas multiplex, or multifaceted whole. It is suggested that Stern's personalistic perspective might be especially valuable today, at a time when, in the view of some, the person is disappearing from view in psychology, as the discipline focuses its attention to an ever greater degree on the neuroscience of brain functioning at one end, and on large-scale statistical studies of populations at the other end.

Notion of hermeneutics in the personalistic ontology of Luigi Pareyson

The article deals with the conception of hermeneutics in the philosophy of 20th-century Italian thinker Luigi Pareyson. In his native country, this philosopher is considered as one of the classics of ontological hermeneutics; however, his name is almost unknown beyond Italy. In the article, the question is posed whether the thought of Pareyson is still relevant and distinctive in a wider context of the ontological hermeneutics. The originality of Pareyson’s hermeneutics is shown by analyzing three aspects of his thought – personalistic perspective, original approach to interpretation in aesthetics theory, and the controversial concept of the truth. The article is concluded with the consideration of Pareyson’s hermeneutics reception in contemporary Italian philosophy. In the actual Italian thought, the main point of Pareyson’s hermeneutics is that it influenced at least two different schools of hermeneutics, differing not only in the interpretation of Pareyson’s philosophy, but also in the concept of hermeneutics itself.

Triage in public health emergencies: ethical issues

General concepts about medical disasters, public health and triage are outlined. Triage is described in the context of public health emergencies and disaster settings, and the main ethical values at stake in triage are discussed. Possible conflicts between competing values are outlined. Special attention is given to possible conflicts between the protection of individual interests (typical of clinical ethics), and the pursuit of collective interests (typical of public health and triage). Hippocratic ethics is compared to utilitarian ethics and to perspectives that emphasize the principle of justice. Three ethical attitudes are suggested that may contribute to a resolution of competing values: protection of human dignity, precaution and, especially, solidarity. Personalism promotes the collective good by safeguarding and giving value to the well-being of each individual. A personalistic perspective is suggested as a way to deepen the concept of solidarity as a pillar both of clinical and public health ethics.

Adding Consumer-Providers to Intensive Case Management: Does It Improve Outcome?

Adding Consumer-Providers to Intensive Case Management: Does It Improve Outcome?

Sentido cristiano del hombre. La antropología teológica de Jean Mouroux

The French theologian Jean Mouroux developed a valuable reflection about faith and Christian experience in the middle of the 20th century. In this essay, the author shows how Mouroux’s personalistic perspective is underpinned by a Christian anthropological vision, which in some aspects anticipates the point of view taken by the Second Vatican Council.

Praca i przedsiębiorczość w świetle wybranych encyklik Jana Pawła II

As we read in their introductions, papal encyclicals are documents aimed at not only the clergy, but all the faithful of Catholic Church as well as at people of goodwill. All the more, should the thoughts handed down by St Peter's successors be not only the source of information but most of all the material for in-depth analysis or commitment. It strangely happens that the nation declaring in majority its affiliation to Catholic Church, the nation being so fortunate by giving the world this great witness of God's love to man, shows hardly any interest in his teachings. We prefer to remember the Pope John Paul II as the moral and scientific authority, not knowing exactly what hidden massages are implicit in these notions, as well as worship him on posters and T-shirts. In an international competition concerning John Paul II.s teaching, it could turn out that his countrymen know very little of what he had to tell us. The author of the article wishes to draw readers' attention to some key elements of papal teaching, among which the focal points are subjective . personal role of man in the world, transcendental dimension of human being, personalistic perspective of man with his relation to work and the status of the latter, as well as its significance in man´s development. Tomasz Tadeusz Brzozowski has made these issues the subject of his analysis, which has been detailed and deepened by relating them to John Paul II's teaching expressed in his social encyclical, also provided with the author's commentary. If the content of this article influences at least to a small extent a bit deeper reception of papal teachings, it will accomplish its aim filling its author with satisfaction.

Debata na temat koncepcji osoby w bioetyce

This article endeavours to sketch the debate about the concept of a person in the realm of bioethics. Initially, it sets out three understandings of the issue, namely the concept of a person in a naturalistic philosophy, in the current of communitarianism and in one of the humanistic positions. The analyses of these approaches lead to the conclusion that a human person is perceived either as an empirical and psychological entity or as a free subjectivity creating him/herself. This thesis is stimulation to further research. In order to avoid a kind of dualism in perception of the person stemming from the stances outlined above, the personalistic approach is developed. This points out, that a human being should be depicted as one indivisible entity unifying in itself more strictly self, a subjective aspect of the person, with nature-body aspect which is an objective facet of being human. Given this personalistic perspective, a person comes out as an embodied subjectivity formed by the unique personal act of existence. In this article, such a concept of the person is argued as a vital support in the complex field of bioethical dilemmas.