Personal Understanding Research Articles

Northern Ireland’s Interregnum. Anna Burns’s Depiction of a (Post)-Troubles State of (In)security

This paper aims to present the main contours of Burns’s literary output which, interestingly enough, grows into a personal understanding of the collective mindset of (post)-Troubles Northern Ireland. It is legitimate, I argue, to construe her fiction (No Bones, 2001; Little Constructions, 2007; Milkman, 2018) as a body of work shedding light on certain underlying mechanisms of (post-)sectarian violence. Notwithstanding the lapse of time between 1998 and 2020, the Troubles’ toxic legacy has indeed woven an unbroken thread in the social fabric of the region. My reading of the novelist’s selected works intends to show how the local public have been fed by (or have fed themselves upon) an unjustified—maybe even false—sense of security. Burns, in that regard, has positioned herself amongst the aggregate of writers who feel anxious rather than placated, hence their persistence in returning to the roots of Northern Irish societal divisions. Burns’s writing, in the above context, though immersed in the world of the Troubles, paradoxically communicates “an idiosyncratic spatiotemporality” (Maureen Ruprecht Fadem’s phrase), namely an experience beyond the self-imposing, historical time limits. As such, it gains the ability to provide insightful commentaries on conflict-prone relations, the patterns of which can be repeatedly observed in Northern Ireland’s socio-political milieu. Overall, the main idea here is to discuss and present the narrative realm proposed by Burns as (in)determinate, liminal in terms of time and space, positioning readers between “then” and “now” of the region.

Mastering the Production of Electric Vehicles as One of the Modern Instruments for the Development of the Iranian Automotive Industry

The article analyzes the problems of introducing electric vehicles, as wellas their difference from cars with internal combustion engines. This type oftransport has long been included in our everyday life. Today, in the era ofthe heyday of technology, a person understands that cars with an internalcombustion engine (ICE) are almost on the edge of their existence. Atpresent, the development of the production of electric vehicles should beconsidered as a promising direction of the Iranian automobile industry. Atthe moment, this market in Iran is not yet occupied by foreign companies,and therefore national companies have a chance to use the strategy of“growth together with the market”.

Applying the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System to Functional Communication Treatment Approaches for Aphasia

There are many different approaches to the rehabilitation of patients with aphasia, a communication disorder that affects a person's understanding and expression of spoken and written language. One approach called “functional communication interventions” aims to enhance communication success as opposed to solely improving linguistic abilities. This approach encompasses many skills (eg, gesturing) and factors (eg, access to communication supports) that support sending and receiving messages in “real-world” daily activities and environments. Functional communication treatments are highly diverse and not always well described. A framework that may provide structure to the description of functional communication interventions for aphasia is the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS). The RTSS was developed by an interdisciplinary research team to describe interventions across any rehabilitation discipline and in any setting or format. The RTSS uses a common language and a systematic approach to describing treatment and includes 3 connected elements—a single target, 1 or more ingredients, and a mechanism of action—that, taken together, attempt to explain how and why a treatment works. Although the RTTS has been described previously within the field of speech-language pathology, it has not yet been applied to the field of aphasiology. We applied the RTSS framework to a sample of peer-reviewed studies that represent functional communication treatments, including Promoting Aphasics’ Communicative Effectiveness (PACE), modified Response Elaboration Training (M-RET), script training, conversation treatment, and communication partner training. We discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of using the RTSS framework to better understand the important elements of functional communication treatment approaches for aphasia.

Implementasi Higiene Sanitasi pada RPH Kategori I sebagai Syarat Produksi Daging Sehat

Abbatoirs have to produce meat that complied requisite of safety, healthy, wholeness and halal. Animalorigin product have to requisite basic safety product which implementated of hygine sanitation asproduction processed. The research aim was to evaluate implementation of hygine sanitation systemon 1st categrory abbatoir at Bogor Regency to complied safety and quality assurance of product.Observations on the implementation of hygienic sanitation were carried out using an evaluation matrixof the suitability of physical requirements with the criterion parameter assessment method based onthe Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture Number 13/2010. The best suitability value (NK) of 3 wasobtained on the environmental hygiene indicator and the absence of the use of chemicals, while theother sanitation hygiene indicators were worth 2 (less appropriate). The results of testing on meat forthe content of Salmonella sp. is negative and the Total Plate Count test is between 7.1 x 103 - 5.2 x 104cfu/g below the SNI threshold (1.0 x 106 cfu/g). The test for E. coli in meat was above the threshold ofsuspected contamination from the water used. Validation of hygiene sanitation practices was carried outby means of Colliform swabs on knives, palms hand and clothing of officers. Colliform swab test of theofficer’s palm hand, which is 5.4 x 102 cfu/g, shows a value above the allowable threshold. The results ofthe evaluation of the application of sanitation and hygiene in the abattoir are quite good but still needimprovement. Priority improvements are the equipment of cleaning facilities, water quality testing andimprovement of personal hygiene understanding.

GAMBARAN PEMAHAMAN TEORI PSIKOANALISIS DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PENDIDIKAN PADA MATA KULIAH KARAKTERISTIK DAN KOMPETENSI USIA DEWASA PADA MAHASISWA BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING FKIP UNTIRTA

One of the important materials for guidance and counseling students to learn in the Adult Age Characteristics and Competencies course is the understanding of personality theory in adulthood. One of the personality theory figures, Sigmund Freud, is the initiator of the Psychoanalytic theory, which is a theory that seeks to explain the nature and development of the human personality. Students who are already in the early adult age category, namely the age of 18 years and over, can also understand more about each other's personality by studying personality theory more deeply. The personality theory expressed by Sigmund Freud is also mandatory for students to study because it has implications for the field of education. Based on this, it is important for students who teach the Characteristics and Competencies of Adult Age courses to know more clearly about the description of personality understanding based on the Psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with a non-test instrument, namely interviews. Interviews were conducted with 5 students at 3rd semester majoring in Guidance and Counseling FKIP Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University

Unaffirmed and color‐blind: Racial worldview and stigma experienced in interracial relationships

AbstractMarginalization as an interracial couple has been associated with poorer relationship functioning and poorer mental health outcomes. However, what contributes to whether interracial relationship (IR) partners perceive their relationship as stigmatized is not fully understood. Using a racially diverse sample of over 200 participants in IRs, this study addresses group and individual differences in the experience of IR stigma. Results suggest that, despite literature on related constructs such as stigma consciousness (the extent to which one is aware that they face marginalization or discrimination), there were no race‐based group differences in reports of experienced stigma. Instead, a more nuanced account of a person's understanding of the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional impact of race, a novel concept called racial worldview, offers an important step forward in understanding the perception of stigma. Racial worldview has implications for the continued study of interracial romantic relationships as an alternative for race‐based group comparisons and a meaningful alternative to comparative studies with intraracial or same‐race relationships.

Implementation of Mental adjustment to cancer scale in psycho-oncology practice in Bulgaria

Abstract Background Theoretically there are several insufficiently confirmed statements based on evidences that underline the important role of psychological assistance to patients with malignant neoplasms. Since April, 2021, Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (MAC) is translated into Bulgarian and it was introduced to psycho-oncologic practice in Bulgaria. Methods The concise variant of MAC - Mini Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MAC) has been implemented evaluating the degree when the patients perceive their adaptation to the diagnosis and cancer treatment. It comprises 29 items and measures four inner scales: determination, helplessness, anxiety, cognitive negligence and fatalism. It has been applied in compliance with strict confidentiality, voluntary principle and objectivity to 30 patients - 14 male and 16 female. Results MAC scales have good consistency - alpha coefficient from 0.56 to 0.74. The age correlates moderately with disease type (r=.35, p = 0.05). Helplessness is in positive relation to anxiety (r=.63, p = 0.000) and fatalism (r=.30, p = 0.05), and in negative one to determination (r=-.35, p = 0.05). The determination is in statistic positive relation to cognitive negligence (r=.44, p = 0.02). Conclusions The malignant disease type does not influence the scale results. They are influenced by inner factors as morbid experience, sensitivity to the disease, psychological protections that are frequently demonstrated by cognitive negligence and determination. MAC has been successfully implemented in the clinical psychological counseling in Bulgaria. Key messages Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale identifies patients' adaptation to cancer and is introduced in Bulgaria. The methodology shows the established cognitive mechanisms for personal understanding and behavior in the course of treatment.

Социокультурные и политические аспекты формирования городского пространства: образы «изнутри» и «извне»

The purpose of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of the city as a communicative environment that creates images. Concrete historical examples of the formation of the image of the city, both from the side of the internal observer and from the side of external actors, are considered. The morphological analysis used in the study makes it possible to consider in more detail the elements of image construction and their interconnection. According to the results of the study, the author concluded that the formation of the image of the city takes place from two positions in relation to it – «inside» and «outside». Each of them defines the city as a unique environment at different levels. The first way of constructing the image of the city is based on personal understanding and reading, which makes the city understandable in terms of its use. The second type of image is associated with the formation of a city brand, which is based on a strong archetype or dominant that makes it unique and recognizable. Correctly constructed images are beneficial for the authorities, since attractive cities can be a magnet for investment, which in turn entails the socio-economic development of both the city and the region as a whole.

Developing thesaurus of the author's literary discourse (based on P. Bazhov’s tales)

The concept of a thesaurus is examined in the article; the importance of creating individual author's thesauri for a better understanding of the linguistic personality of the writer and his worldview reflected in the units of the language system is determined. This provides the opportunity to conduct the diachronic study of the language and make comparative analyzes of various writers' idiolects, etc. The individual author's picture of the world in Bazhov’s tales using the method of comparing formal and functional thesauri proposed by L. Gasparov is examined in the article. This approach made it possible to determine the features of the language system of Bazhov's tales with the functioning of such lexical units in it that contribute to the understanding of the niche occupied by the lexical-semantic field “precious metals and stones” and other interacting spheres in this picture of the world including natural-geographical and everyday spheres, professional and mythopoetic spheres.

The experience of musical jamming: Testing the fit of a model of hermeneutic phenomenology of spirituality in music education

The authors sought to test the fit of a new model of spirituality in music education by examining one jamming session through a hermeneutic phenomenological lens. In accordance with the work of Van der Merwe and Habron, the authors employ four lifeworld existentials as categories by which to organize the experience of the five musicians involved in a particular jam session. Participant researcher narratives are analyzed for fit with the model, and an analysis is reported. These narratives seem to support the existence of the guideposts inherent to the model. Furthermore, the researchers present a model as a way for situating the spirituality model in the context of an understanding of person, product, process, press, and position to inform the literature in creativity.

Rechtsprechungsbericht zum Umwelt- und Klimarechtsschutz seit 2018

Case law in environmental and climate protection matters in recent years has been characterised by an expansion of access to justice. This can largely be attributed to the relevant legal framework under international and European Union law. In Germany, this development is reflected in the case law on the scope of application of the Umwelt-Rechtsbehelfsgesetz (Environmental Remedies Act), which essentially creates a representative action for environmental associations. The impact of environmental associations is particularly evident in air quality law. In recent years, however, also the protection of individual rights has once again attracted the attention of the courts. The Court of Justice of the European Union has confirmed its broad understanding of natural and legal persons’ enforceable rights that contribute to the realisation of environmental protection. This provides a further example of the different standards of protection at the levels of the Member States and the European Union. While the CJEU promotes the guarantee of effective legal protection by the national courts, it abides by a restrictive understanding of access requirements at the Union level – especially for the action for annulment, as in the Carvalho judgment. By contrast, the climate decision of the German Federal Constitutional Court illustrates the potential of individual (fundamental) rights protection for climate protection. Comparing the CJEU’s and the FCC’s recent case law therefore only reinforces the impression that the CJEU is not a genuine constitutional and fundamental rights court.

Indian Perspective on Personality and Behaviour in Organisations

This article explains the steps followed in developing psychometric personality assessment tests from the Indian psychological/Vedic perspective while also mentioning the psychometric properties of the scales. Its numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals are by itself an acceptance of the validity and reliability of the scale, along with the accreditation obtained from concerned certifying authorities in India. Additionally, its use in multiple academic and research organisations both in India and abroad throws up interesting possibilities using Indian psychological concepts can offer solutions to, being relevant to all peoples of the world today, as they were from times immemorial. The article draws attention to the multiple applications that the five-element theory of personality understanding offers and explores how this can used in organisations to provide for higher retention of employees, better employee engagement and higher cohesiveness and cultural fit amongst teams within organisations, especially when they are integrated in the recruitment processes itself.

Love in the family through the eyes of the writer Meir Shalev (and fragments of novel texts and analysis)

The article presents small fragments of three novels by Meir Shalev, and the author on this material discusses the writer's understanding of love, family and personality. Why, he asks, is the fate of the family as portrayed by Shalev so sad, almost unconnected with love, and why the personality in novels is usually lonely? To answer these questions, an analysis of these three realities important for life is proposed, on the one hand, as Shalev understands them, on the other, how they currently look objectively. The author comes to the conclusion that at present in culture the understanding and concepts of family, love and personality are not coordinated with each other, which gives rise to numerous problems and a crisis of sociality. In parallel, he is trying to clarify the essence of the phenomena of love, family, personality and sociality discussed by Shalev.

A Thorough Review of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in TOBACCO framework

Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has been given a lot of attention in the academic field in recent years, in particular in studies of teacher cognition and teacher knowledge. It was first put forward by Shulman as part of the knowledge base required of teachers for teaching, and has provided a crucial way of thinking for many scholars when conducting deeper study into the relationship between teachers and teaching. Therefore, more empirical studies in various contexts have been encouraged to understand teachers’ PCK and to offer suggestions for teacher education. Shulman also argued that PCK is the special mixture of content and pedagogy that represents teachers’ personal understanding of the profession, and that teachers’ teaching competence enables them to transform content knowledge into specific teaching methods for students from various backgrounds at different levels; however, he did not explain how this transformation happens. Thus, based on this research gap, the current review brought together the following key fields: teacher cognition, teacher knowledge including PCK, and teacher education and development. It argues that teachers’ pedagogical knowledge intersects content knowledge from five different perspectives: teachers’ views on knowledge base, language, learning, teaching, and reflection (TOBACCO framework) and proffers suggestions for English-language teacher education and development in China.

Utilizing Service Learning to Advance Public Health Messaging in Oklahoma

Research Objectives1) To identify the need for continued public health messaging to promote mask-wearing in the state of Oklahoma during the COVID-19 pandemic.2) To value the importance of future health professionals embracing the role of promoting public health measuresDesignA service-learning project was instituted, including student-led research into health promotion measures to decrease the risk of viral spread, rates of spread in Oklahoma, and interactions with a physical therapist currently working with individuals with COVID 19 in the ICU to give students real-world examples of severity. Students took information garnered to educate their peers about the importance of mask-wearing.SettingUniversity setting.ParticipantsFirst-year Physical Therapy students (N=14).InterventionsPeer education in the importance of mask-wearing to decrease transmission of COVID-19.Main Outcome MeasuresStudents submitted journals recounting their experience with the project and the challenges with educating a public that is resistant to mask-wearing.ResultsStudents reported the interactions with the PT working with COVID-19 in the ICU improved their personal understanding of the severity of COVID-19 and increased their awareness of the potential sequella of the disease process. Students reported the activity enhanced their desire to promote public health as future physical therapists.ConclusionsInteractions with health professionals working on the front-lines of a pandemic may be beneficial to future health professionals in shaping their desire to promote public health measures.Author(s) DisclosuresNone.

Motivations for volunteering in an adapted skiing program: implications for volunteer program development

Purpose Volunteers are crucial to sustaining adapted sports programs. The purpose of the study was to understand the personal and professional motivations for volunteers in an adapted skiing program and to make recommendations to improve the volunteer experience. Material and methods Forty-eight volunteers participated in a mixed method study in Winters of 2017 and 2018. Both college students and long term volunteers completed a demographics questionnaire and the Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI), a scale that assesses six categories of motivations. Additionally, eleven volunteers were interviewed regarding their experiences and suggestions to improve the program. Results Volunteers as a whole were primarily motivated by personal values, understanding [children with disabilities], and personal growth. College students reported significantly higher levels of motivation than long term volunteers for professionally oriented motives that include understanding children and learning career-related information. Qualitative interviews triangulated VFI findings with themes of volunteers’ satisfaction through seeing improvement, positive emotions through helping, and applying academics to everyday practice. Recommendations to improve the volunteer experience included expanding training, developing interprofessional opportunities to team with other healthcare professionals, and developing communication systems around logistics (ridesharing, weekly schedules, ski conditions) and successes of children. Conclusion Volunteers’ motivations are multifactorial and may vary according to volunteers’ life stages. Acknowledgement of personal and professional motivations may promote targeted recruitment, enhanced volunteered programming, and interprofessional opportunities. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Volunteers are motivated by humanitarian values to serve others in addition to other motivating factors such as personal growth, self-protection, understanding (beneficiaries), social networking, and career development, the relative importance of which may vary according to a volunteer’s life stage. Knowledge of volunteers’ motivations can be utilized to develop targeted recruitment strategies and enrich volunteer programming that meets the personal and professional needs of volunteers. A volunteer program with college-age and long term volunteers enables mutually beneficial opportunities for mentoring, interprofessional teaming, career development for younger volunteers, streamlining program logistics, and bonding experiences with children.

A Systematic Review of Human and Robot Personality in Health Care Human-Robot Interaction.

Robots have become vital to the delivery of health care and their personalities are often important to understanding their effectiveness as health care providers. Despite this, there is a lack of a systematic overarching understanding of personality in health care human-robot interaction. This makes it difficult to understand what we know and do not know about the impact of personality in health care human-robot interaction (H-HRI). As a result, our understanding of personality in H-HRI has not kept pace with the deployment of robots in various health care environments. To address this, the authors conducted a literature review that identified 18 studies on personality in H-HRI. This paper expands, refines, and further explicates the systematic review done in a conference proceedings [see: Esterwood (Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, 2020, 87–95)]. Review results: 1) highlight major thematic research areas, 2) derive and present major conclusions from the literature, 3) identify gaps in the literature, and 4) offer guidance for future H-HRI researchers. Overall, this paper represents a reflection on the existing literature and provides an important starting point for future research on personality in H-HRI.

Potential applications of personality assessments to the management of non-human primates: a review of 10 years of study.

Studies of primate personality have become increasingly common over the past three decades. Recently, studies have begun to focus on the health, welfare and conservation implications of personality, and the potential applications of incorporating quantitative personality assessments into animal management programmes. However, this literature is dispersed across a multitude of settings and scientific disciplines. We conducted a review of nonhuman primate personality studies relevant to these issues published since 2010, following on from an earlier review. The databases ScienceDirect, PubMed and Web of Science were used to identify relevant articles. After eliminating irrelevant or duplicate papers, 69 studies were selected. Our review reveals that, while primate personality research is carried out on a range of species, there is strong taxonomic bias. While 28 species appeared within the reviewed literature, 52% of studies were carried out on just five species. Further, the most common research focus (43%) was validating new assessment methods or describing personality in different species, rather than exploring the links between personality and animal welfare using existing validated methods. However, among the remaining studies that did explore the role of animal personality in husbandry, health, and welfare, we identified progression towards integrating personality data into various aspects of animal management. Evidence suggests the assessment of personality may benefit social group management, enrichment practices, training protocols, health and welfare monitoring, and conservation planning for endangered species. We argue that further research which develops our understanding of primate personality and its influence in these areas will provide a valuable tool to inform animal management practices.

The Person at the Core of Psychological Science

The paper has been written from a philosophical perspective and triggered by the recurrent discussions in psychology about the most suitable methods to study our multifaceted subjectivity. Its main point is that a phenomenological understanding of the human person provides a robust and also flexible philosophical framework for psychology. The first part discusses three classical distinctions –individual/general; explaining/understanding; induction/interpretation– which, in spite of possible deficiencies, are useful to illustrate the specificity of the human sciences relative to the natural sciences. If not understood as an either-or dichotomy these distinctions represent the search of the right balance to reflect the complexity and richness of psychological science. The second part presents the phenomenological notions of ‘vital reduction’ and ‘personalist reduction’, where reductions does not take on an eliminativistic meaning, but of directing the mind’s gaze to attend to what is originally the case. The ‘vital reduction’ reveals a subject of experience at the center of the lifeworld, and the ‘personalist reduction’ sees in rationality –i.e., the power to grasp the meaning of things and to recognize other subjects of experience­– a deeper dimension of the subject, who we can thus call a person. Psychology and phenomenology converge in disclosing the person-centeredness of our lifeworld.

Real Estate Insights The changing nature of real estate research

PurposeWith the Journal of Property Investment and Finance (JPIF) being 40 years old, this paper reflects on the changes in real estate research over the last 40 years, the drivers behind these changes and how JPIF has evolved over these 40 years to retain its position as a leading real estate research journal. Challenges and opportunities are also identified for the next generation of real estate researchers to continue to develop the real estate research agenda.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is presented as a reflective article, drawing on a deep personal understanding of real estate research, how it has evolved over the last 40 years, key drivers of these changes and the challenges going forward.FindingsFundamental changes in real estate research over the last 40 years and drivers behind these changes are articulated. A pathway forward for real estate research is identified, as well as how JPIF fits into the mix.Practical implicationsWith real estate research being increasingly important in real estate academics' careers, this article provides a practical roadmap for how real estate research has changed, why it has changed and future opportunities for the next generation of real estate researchers.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to reflect on these key changes and drivers behind these changes in real estate research, as well as the opportunities for the next generation of real estate researchers.