Personal Situation Research Articles

The Question of Beauty and the Aesthetic Value of the Image of the Mother of God in Pastoral Care and Catechesis

Ancient philosophers attached great importance to the ideals of unity, truth, goodness, and beauty as the path to the greatest good. Beauty expressed through works of art can open the eyes of the mind and heart and direct the human spirit to transcendence. The beauty of art awakens inner emotionality, evokes elation in silence, and leads to “coming out of oneself”. The concept of beauty is inextricably linked to Catholic theology and preaching. Beautiful sacred images were a source of theological messages, intercession, and entry into the transcendental world. Medieval Gothic cathedrals had images on the walls as a basic tool of catechesis. Even in today’s teaching of young people, images play a crucial role. The world of symbols enables Christians to connect everyday life experiences with theological messages. The image of the Virgin Mary is the best example of recognizing personal life situations, with the story of a mother who loved her child, accepted the suffering and death of her own son, and together with St. Joseph formed a holy family, which is the image of an imperfect family in which each person recognizes himself. All these aspects of the life of the Virgin Mary could form the basic concepts of the Christian understanding of beauty. In modern thought, the concept of beauty is understood quite narrowly (we are talking about narrowing the meaning of the concept of beauty). In the first part of this paper, we focus on the philosophical concept of beauty with a brief historical overview, then we point out the difference between transcendental beauty and aesthetic beauty. Beauty appeals to the human being and opens the heart to the transcendent, to God, who is the source and fullness of beauty, beauty itself. The originality of the article is in its presentation of the understanding of the Christian concept of beauty through the figure and image of Mary, the Mother of God. The experience of the beauty of Mary and Mary’s life story enables the believer to have a different perspective on the perception of his own life and thereby opens him to the transcendent, to a personal relationship with God, who is eternal Beauty.

The Past Evolution, Present Challenge and Future Prospect of the Post-Truth Research

In the past few years, the phenomenon of post truth has become popular in Western countries. It refers to the fact that public emotions and personal beliefs have a greater impact on facts than the actual situation itself. The history of the post truth phenomenon can be traced back to the 1970s, but in recent years, due to the widespread use of digital and social media, the spread of fake news has become even more rampant. The phenomenon of post truth has become a new political culture, regarded as a manifestation of populist movements that resist elites. Currently, the post truth phenomenon faces some challenges. With the frequent occurrence of major public emergencies, new impetus has been provided for the popularization and complexity of post truth. After the COVID-19, people began to connect their personal situation with the health of the whole society, which further aroused the public's attention to the truth. However, studying post truth faces many challenges, such as how to explain the phenomenon of post truth, the motivation of fake news, and the persuasive strategies of news. In future prospects, the focus of truth after research may shift towards the role of emotions. Emotions are increasingly valued in social sciences. Understanding the relationship between emotions and facts will help to better understand post truth phenomena. Emotion is not only the opposite of truth or rationality, but also an important component of cognitive psychology and even a resource for social mobilization and integration. Further research on the role of emotional discourse will help reveal the social and cultural aspects of post truth phenomena. In summary, the evolution of post truth phenomena, current challenges, and future prospects are all important aspects of studying post truth. A thorough study of the history, motivation, and impact of post truth phenomena will help us better understand and respond to the challenges of post truth phenomena, and provide new directions for future research.

Exploring influential factors in the self-assessment of life satisfaction among Chinese elderly: a structural equation modeling analysis.

The aging problem is becoming more and more prominent globally. Attention to the quality of life and related health improvement among the elderly has become an important issue in modern society. This study utilized a tracking survey conducted in 2017-2018, involving 9,327 Chinese older adults, to examine health influencing factors, and applied structural equation modeling to analyze the influencing factors on the self-assessment of life satisfaction among older adults in different regions (cities, counties, and villages) in China. This study revealed that economic status, psychological status, personal situation, life behaviors, and child care are important influences on older people's self- assessed life satisfaction. There is a positive correlation between economic status, psychological status, child care and the results of the self-assessment of life satisfaction of the elderly. Psychological status and child care have a greater impact on the self-assessment of life satisfaction among the elderly in urban areas compared to villages and towns. The influence of economic status on the self-assessment of life satisfaction of the elderly is lower in urban areas than in rural areas. There is a significant difference in the influence of personal situations on the self-assessment of life satisfaction among the elderly. Additionally, older individuals tend to report higher levels of self-assessment of life satisfaction. Furthermore, female elderly individuals tend to report higher levels of satisfaction compared to males. Findings from this study indicate that improving health self-assessment in older adults requires targeted efforts based on different geographic areas of life and the age stages of older adults, and more attention needs to be paid to men who are just entering old age.

Fine for others but not for me: The role of perspective in patients’ perception of artificial intelligence in online medical platforms

In the near future, online medical platforms enabled by artificial intelligence (AI) technology will become increasingly more prevalent, allowing patients to use them directly without having to consult a human doctor. However, there is still little research from the patient's perspective on such AI-enabled tools. We, therefore, conducted a preregistered 2x3 between-subjects experiment (N = 266) to examine the influence of perspective (oneself vs. average person) and source of advice (AI vs. male physician vs. female physician) on the perception of a medical diagnosis and corresponding treatment recommendations. Results of robust ANOVAs showed a statistically significant interaction between the source of advice and perspective for all three dependent variables (i.e., evaluation of the diagnosis, evaluation of the treatment recommendation, and risk perception). People prefer the advice of human doctors to an AI when it comes to their own situation. In contrast, the participants made no differences between the sources of medical advice when it comes to assessing the situation of an average person. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the patient's perspective of modern digital health technology. As our findings suggest the perception of AI-enabled diagnostic tools is more critical when it comes to oneself, future research should examine the relevant factors that influence this perception.

Three professional perspectives for optimizing treatment in nursing homes

Carrying out an interprofessional medication review to optimize the treatment of nursing home residents is interesting in more ways than one. This is evidenced by the practical case managed and described here by the medical and nursing team who decided and implemented several consequential medication changes. The discussions involved medical, nursing, and clinical pharmacy perspectives, which complemented each other to enhance the effectiveness and safety of the resident's treatment while considering their specific personal and clinical situation. This synergy has resulted in improved quality of care, concretely felt by the resident himself, but it also increased knowledge that can be transferred to improve the use of medicines of other residents in the facility.

청년층의 스트레스 군집유형에 따른 코로나19 전후 여가활동유형 차이

Purpose In addition to the recent economic downturn and employment difficulties caused by COVID-19, rapid inflation is increasing the psychological confusion and difficulties of young people. The purpose of this study is to understand the context of young people's lives and obtain implications for preparing individual and customized stress management plans by deriving stress types of young people showing different levels of stress according to their personal socio-economic situation through cluster analysis and verifying differences in leisure activity types before and after COVID-19.
 Methods To this end, 7,278 university students who responded to the main and supplementary surveys in the 3rd and 4th years of the Korea Education and Employment Panel Survey II (KEEP) were subjected to K-means cluster analysis, paired sample T-test, and χ2 test.
 Results As a result, it was divided into three groups, focusing on immediate tasks and interpersonal relationships, which are sub-factors of stress. In addition, due to COVID-19, the frequency of leisure activities that were highly utilized by an unspecified number of people or had high face-to-face contact was significantly reduced, and the frequency of leisure activities that could personally participate was significantly increased. In particular, it was found that participation in exercise increased significantly in cluster types with low stress levels. Finally, it was confirmed that the distribution of these three types was significantly different according to gender, employment status, monthly income, and current education.
 Conclusion Based on the research results, appropriate prescriptions were proposed for each type in providing individualized stress management measures.

가업상속공제와 공동주택관리업 적용에 관한 연구

In order to support the stable life of the heirs and their families even after the death of the decedent, the Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax Act provides for deductions of a certain amount of money in consideration of the personal situation of the heirs and the material situation of the inherited property, and stipulates the family business inheritance deduction system.
 Accordingly, the Korea Housing Management Association announced that 2023. 9. Through an inquiry to the competent authority, the condominium management business was inquired whether the condominium management business is eligible for the deduction of the family business inheritance company, and the competent authority replied that the condominium management business is not a company eligible for the deduction of the family business inheritance business.
 However, it is necessary to re-examine whether the condominium management business is included in the family business inheritance deduction related to Article 15, Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the Enforcement Decree of the Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax Act.
 First, since the Special Act on the Safety and Maintenance of Facilities defines apartment houses as buildings and classifies them as facilities, it should be interpreted to include the business facility management and business resource service businesses among the business facility management and business resource service businesses that are subject to the family business inheritance deduction according to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification for small and medium-sized enterprises eligible for family business inheritance deduction.
 Second, the same article [Annex] of the same Act defines the types of business under the provisions of individual laws and includes the housing rental management business under the “Special Act on Private Rental Housing”, but the Private Rental Housing Act applies to matters not stipulated in this Act with respect to the construction, supply and management of housing, etc., and thus applies to the “Housing Act”, “Building Act”, “Apartment Housing Management Act”, and “Housing Lease Protection Act”.
 In the same way that the housing rental management business under the Special Act on Private Rental Housing is defined as a company subject to the family business inheritance deduction under the individual law, the condominium management business under the Apartment Housing Management Act, which has the same content, should be included as a company subject to the family business inheritance deduction under the individual law.

ИНИЦИИРОВАНИЕ АПЕЛЛЯЦИОННОГО ОБЖАЛОВАНИЯ В УГОЛОВНОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ

The article examines one of the controversial issues in law enforcement practice, the issue of initiating the appeal procedure by the appellate court as a whole, as well as the impact of this appeal process on changing the scope of the rights of the convicted person. The author comes to the conclusion that any appeal review is initiated by the parties, and only when the relevant appeal requirements are met, the mechanism of appeal proceedings is launched, in which the public principle is manifested in such procedural guarantees as ensuring the right to defense, the right to appeal and the ban on worsening the situation of the convicted person. The author has developed theoretical provisions and given recommendations of a law enforcement nature, aimed at clarifying the procedure for initiating the appeal process, and proposes his own approach to understanding the appeal mechanism using the example of a comparative analysis of existing criminal procedural rules in various states.

Raising awareness for frailty in community dwelling elderly. First experiences of a frailty initiative by physical therapists in collaboration with municipal services.

Background: Falling in the elderly is a global health concern. A subgroup of elderly, i.e. those who are considered as frail, is at increased risk for falling. The prevention of falling is necessary to reduce its physical, psychosocial and socioeconomic impact. Health care providers in primary care are well positioned to reach this population. They can play an important role in informing and advising elderly and to raise awareness at an early or pre-frail stage. Pre-frail elderly, however, do not always visit care providers. Yet, they are the target group. To be able to reach them in a targeted way, the help of municipal services can be called in.
 Objective: To analyze how a frailty screening can be organised successfully by physical therapists and municipal services.
 Methods: Pre-frail community dwelling elderly (> 70 y old) in the community of Beveren, Antwerp, Belgium were invited for a frailty screening via the municipal information brochure and flyers. It was organised on two mornings between 9.00 h – 13.00 h. The screening consisted of the filling out of questionnaires (Short Falls Efficacy Scale-I, EuroQuality of life-5D, 1Minute-Osteoporosistest, Sarc-F(Strength, Assistance in walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls), Self-reported history of fall incidents and dizziness), supervised by a community nurse or psychologist. Next, five physical tests were performed, supervised by physical therapists: Short Physical Performance Battery, Hand Grip Strength, Functional Reach Test. Lastly, an audiogram was taken by an audiologist. At the end of the screening all test results were discussed in a one-to-one conversation. All participants received tips, tricks and advise based on their personal situation. Additionally, general information on staying healthy and active was available.
 To increase the number of participants, the tests were held in a public place and free public transport was provided for those in need of it. Other health care providers such as general practitioners, dietitians, healthcare promotors were informed about this screening initiative.
 Results: In the community of Beveren (49.000 inhabitants, spread over an aera of 150 km²) we reached in two screening-moments 20 and 38 community-dwelling elderly. Relatively healthy elderly were present. 4 used the free public transport. We were able to screen and inform 58 persons on 7 hours. All participants were positive about the initiative and were open to the provided information.

Facilitating cooperation through promotion of good practices

Zorgnet-Icuro vzw is in Belgium the umbrella organisation of the Flemish general hospitals, initiatives in mental healthcare and social profit facilities in long-term care for older people. Our care facilities aim to offer high-quality, affordable and accessible care.
 Zorgnet-Icuro is the Flemish employers’ federation for healthcare, inclusing the care councils of the Flemish primary care zones and palliative care networks. Furthermore, Zorgnet-Icuro functions as a network playing an active role in exchanging knowledge, ideas and good practices in healthcare.
 Promoting, sensitising and facilitating concepts of integrated care is of one of our main objectives for the future.
 In the past we made several position papers and we have held stakeholdermeetings with our members about this subject.
 The next step in our plan was to collect good practices about collaboration between different actors involved in an integrated care program.
 We asked our members to give us the good practices based on the following criteria:
 -How do you assess the added value of the collaboration for the person with a care and/or support request and the quality of the care provided?
 -Collaboration between more than 2 different organisations or healthcareworkers
 -Preferably a combination of health and welfare
 -What is the aim of the collaboration?
 -In which way did it had impact on the way of working of the different partners but also on the needs of the people?
 -Reduce fragmentation in services delivery through well-coordinated care with focus on continuity of care.
 Based on this feedback, we want to give concrete input to the authorities for the organisation and financing of integrated care.
 In this workshop we first want to explain our vision and trajectory we have followed in the past years and give an overview of these good practices of collaborations. (15 minutes)
 Based on the criteria above we want to give the opportunity to 4 initiatives to show what they have done and go in interaction with an international public about the successfactors and the obstacles. For each presentation we provide a time slot of 10 -15 minutes, followed by discussion with the group in round tables.
 The 4 projects are:
 1.Welgerust: integrated care for people with sleep disorders
 2.Pathway ‘addiction to drugs and alcohol’ based on deployment of experience experts throughout the whole chain of care with collaboration of hospital, city, welfare organisations and primary care. 
 3.Verbindingscoach: a coach which helps the healthcare professionals and the people with healthcare problems related to social factors (e.g. poverty) to reach the right welfare actor or organisation.
 
 The bridge: In a exploratory short stay the health and well-being situation of the elderly person is observed and his social context is mapped out with all primary care and welfare actors involved, to search the best solution for this person and/or avoid hospital admission.
 
 The take home messages will be a summary of the points of attention, obstacles and recommendations from the healthcare and welfare providers from the field.
 

Towards a more integrated approach of housing and care for persons with a disability in Flanders

Aiming to offer persons with disabilities more opportunities to live independently and more inclusive, the Flemish government radically revised its subsidies for care and care infrastructure for persons with disabilities. Since 2016, subsidies for care are no longer allocated to care providers, but directly to the person with disabilities. In 2018, brick-and-mortar subsidies for care infrastructure were replaced with subject-specific investment subsidies. In this oral paper, we present the results of a study carried out in 2019 aiming to evaluate the impact of this more demand-driven subsidisation on the housing situation of persons with a disability.
 The evaluation was carried out by academic researchers, but set up in co-design with the Housing Agency Flanders, the Flemish Department responsible for care, care organisations, social housing providers, municipalities and organisations supporting persons with a disability. Persons with a disability receiving a care budget were invited to respond to a survey about their living conditions and how these changed after receiving the care budget. Another survey was send to care organisations and social housing providers and contained questions on the impact of the policy change on their investment decisions. After analysing the data, discussions with stakeholders were held to deepen the understanding of the results.
 Persons with disabilities reported in their answers to the survey changes in housing choices, housing quality and housing costs and linked these to the policy changes. Housing and care providers reported how their investment strategies were affected. The results of the study reveal how even after a few years the effects of a more demand driven subsidization are visible. Moreover, the study provides an example of how policy outcomes in one policy field (housing) can be affected by policy initiatives in another policy field (care). As such, the study stresses the need for more transversal research in studying housing policy outcomes and the need for an integrated policy approach.
 The presentation of the study will be followed by a presentation of one of the initiatives of the Housing Agency Flanders aiming at a better integration of these two distinct policy fields. The Agency is currently the driver of diverse incentives and experimental innovations for a more sustainable housing policy and initiatives. The Agency launched a call in 2017 for the development of experimental and innovative housing forms, focusing on building ‘common housing’ or ‘leasehold’ models. For a period of 6 years, 28 initiatives can develop an innovative practice exempt from housing regulation. In several initiatives, the aspect of care is intrinsically related to the experiment and innovation. We will present initiatives that provide an inclusive co-housing solution for people who need intensive and long-term care. Goal is to develop new housing initiatives, detect difficulties and gaps in legislation and explore possibilities to enroll these practices in Flanders.

INTRODUCING WELL-BEING TO THE TRANSLATION CLASSROOM: INSIGHTS FROM THE TRENCHES OF COVID-19

The abrupt and profound changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused a variety of social and personal situations that negatively affected the well-being of teachers and students in higher education thus producing serious emotional strain. Previous research shows that satisfactory student performance can be obtained in an online class when it is accompanied by psychosocial support tools, such as enrichment and remediation tutorials, academic advising, guidance and counselling programs, fitness and wellness resources, spiritual formation activities and faculty-student consultation. This paper aims to test the effectiveness and the perception of well-being and participative activities in the translation classroom. It presents the findings of a pilot intervention implemented with 42 translation students. The intervention is based on the PERMA theory of well-being and tests 9 well-being and participative techniques. The methodology combines pre- and post-intervention questionnaires and the analysis combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings suggest that although there are no significant quantitative differences, students’ perceptions are positive. Suggestions are discussed together with possible implications for the future. Keywords: psychosocial support, well-being, teaching methods, higher education, translation education

Access over ownership: Barriers and psychological motives for adopting mobility as a service (MaaS) from the perspective of users and non-users

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) can potentially create positive impacts for sustainability and social equity: MaaS could steer user choices away from the private car, and increase access to transport options for all social groups. Though MaaS is not an entirely new concept anymore, in terms of user numbers, it remains a niche phenomenon. We aimed to identify factors that support or hinder MaaS use by focusing on the perspectives of both users and non-users, considering their personal situations, preferences, and needs. Specifically, we investigated under which circumstances MaaS can convince individuals to reduce the use of or discard their private car, using the theory of material possessions which asserts that the motives for (car) ownership are not only of an instrumental nature, but can also be symbolic and affective. We employed a qualitative research approach, focusing on the MaaS case in Berlin, Germany. Data was collected in 12 focus group sessions of 3 to 5 users and non-users, following a semi-structured guideline. The sessions were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results show that socio-economic factors play a smaller role than expected, and use cases center around non-habituated trips. The added value of MaaS compared to regular transit apps was often difficult to discern or irrelevant. Even if MaaS provided perfect service and functionality, certain groups of car users would still not consider it, due to the vehement symbolic and affective motives associated with the private car. However, we found that individuals can associate symbolic and affective motives with MaaS as well. The most prominent lever for MaaS to contribute to a more sustainable mobility system seems to be emphasizing these MaaS related motives as well as the car as a burden, a burden which can be lifted by using MaaS.

Supportive social interaction as a concept for describing the situation of persons experiencing an infertility crisis

Objective: This article presents the definitions and justification of the necessity to introduce the original concept of supportive social interaction into scholarly discourse. Supportive social interaction is understood as a group interaction encompassing speaking or listening in an informal and judgement-free environment, which is connected with the necessity – and also provides an opportunity – to reciprocally disclose the experiences, needs and personal convictions of the persons participating in the said interaction and leads to a reduction of stress. The differences between traditional approaches to support and supportive social interactions and their significance in the treatment of infertility have been outlined in this article. Theses: Supportive social interactions, a precondition of which is the occurrence of disclosure, vary in terms of quality and function from support in the traditional sense of the word. They are also a source of stress reduction in the process of treating infertility using assisted reproductive technologies. Conclusion: Supportive social interactions are increasingly important in the context of infertility treatment. The proposed concept is an essential element describing the functioning of persons experiencing an infertility crisis.

Nurturing Learning Agility: Investigating Self-Determined Learning and Skill Enhancement During COVID-19

In the modern era, the acquisition of learning skills has become crucial for personal and professional success due to technological advancements and changes in the nature of work. The rise of automation and artificial intelligence has displaced traditional jobs, necessitating continuous skill development to remain employable. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the need for digital skills in the transition to remote work. Learning skills are vital for personal growth, expanding perspectives, and enhancing critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. They also promote innovation, collaboration, and interpersonal interaction, essential for success in personal and professional situations. This study aimed to explore the importance of learning skills in the modern era and its impact on employability and career success. It investigated individuals’ involvement in skill acquisition through self-determination or heutagogy, a learner-centered approach emphasizing autonomy and capacity development. The study employed an exploratory research design and a survey method to attain the objectives. The tool used was a researcher-administered questionnaire shared through online digital platforms. The sample included more than 700 counts consisting of individuals belonging to each age group and employment status. The research found that 84.24% of individuals learned new skills during the COVID period, indicating a positive response to the opportunity for self-improvement. The majority of participants focused on Personality Development Skills (PDS) and Communication Skills (CMS) for personal growth and career advancement. Leadership and Management Skills (LS), Analytical Skills (AS), and Technical Skills (TS) were also highly valued for career progression. Overall, the study highlights the importance of continuous skill development and the role of self-determined learning in enhancing employability. It suggests that individuals who took advantage of the COVID-19 period to acquire new skills have increased their career prospects and contributed to a growing pool of skilled workers in India. The research underscores the significance of lifelong learning and the potential of online digital education to foster innovative teaching and learning strategies, especially in resource-constrained settings

How to reach people who do not want to be reached: psychosocial counseling for school-dropouts in vocational training.

Emerging adulthood without vocational training concerns young people from difficult social backgrounds who are often not adequately reached by therapeutic help. Difficult and traumatic experiences with therapeutic institutions are common to many of these young people in addition to a long lasting, unsatisfying patient-career. Without professional support from the therapeutic field, vocational qualification measures often cannot meet the needs of young people with inner conflicts. A counseling center for people with mental health problems was set up in 2010 as a link between professional support and a therapeutic setting. This article critically examines the importance of counseling for improving the personal situation of participants in vocational qualification measures on a descriptive level. We take a perspective on identity development and defense mechanisms in the thought of Vaillant and Erikson. Both theories focus on the social embeddedness of psychological processes. This theoretical background helps to understand young peoples' situations and difficulties. The unique setting of the counseling center that aims to match the particular needs of these young people is presented. Thus a low-threshold, destigmatising and flexible setting should provide better access to psychosocial support for participants in vocational qualification measures. Opportunities and limits of the concept are discussed.

Dynamics of income of pensioners: analysis, problems and solutions

Currently there is an increasing number of older people in Russia, primarily pensioners. It appears that the mentioned trend will proceed for a long period of time. So, the issue of ensuring high living standards for this group of the population is acute. However, the present trends in the work remuneration of persons in pre-retirement age, spread on informal employment, and hence, precarization of labor relations, as well as the challenges in pension and tax legislation result in a complex and contradictory situation in the formation of monetary income of pensioners.The present article is devoted to the analysis and forecasting of the basic trends in the financial situation of persons over the able-bodied age. The average size of the insurance old-age pension in the end of 2022 did not achieve the amount recommended by the ILO Convention 102, and the social pension was even lower. In addition, the later retirement often leads to poverty, as it is impossible for the aged to get pensions, on the one hand, and on the other hand, to get a job due to the existing age discrimination and their reduced physical ability to work.The article analyses the factors that have a direct on the size dynamics of insurance and social old-age pensions. At the same time, insurance pensions have the economic nature of deferred wages, i.e. they are formed directly by pensioners themselves. It also analyzes possible ways of compensation for pensioners’ low incomes through continuing work activity.

Ethical Criteria for Decision-Making within Healthcare Organizations

The personal and professional decision-making process is omnipresent, comprising choices from the trivial to the profoundly transformative. These judgments might be made unconsciously in personal or explicit professional situations. Ethics are crucial to professional decision-making, especially in healthcare organizations (HCOs). This is crucial in healthcare because even little departures from norms may harm patients. This paper aims to examine salient research on ethical criteria in decision-making within HCOs and underline pivotal factors to ensure ethically sound decision-making in these settings. This analysis employed a literature review methodology. Organizational management requires decision-making to meet patient demands and improve community health. An educated investigation, a clear flow chart, and a well-structured ethical approach may lead to better answers and morally sound decisions. Establishing an HCO ethical committee may also prevent hasty choices by following a procedure. It also allows post-hoc decision evaluation to measure robustness and influence on stakeholders, including health providers. This examination may discover decision flaws and risks, helping resolve ethical difficulties. Executives to staff members make ethical decisions in HCOs, which vary by scientific subject, experience, talents, and company culture. Maintaining ethical standards in decision-making is a complex and continual undertaking that requires a thorough grasp of many aspects.

Clinical features and management of lymphoepithelial cyst

Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze clinical features of lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) to make a more comprehensive and deeper understanding of it. We retrospectively analyzed the hospital records of 201 patients who were diagnosed by pathology results. Clinical characteristics like demographic profiles, lesion characteristics, therapeutic schedule, and associated costs were analyzed. Patient’s age ranged from 17 to 83 years old (52.6 ± 14.3, 120 males and 81 females). There were 12 cases of pancreatic LEC, 48 of oral LEC, and 141 of parotid LEC. Single lesion was found to be more than multiple lesions (147:54, 73.1%:26.9%). The majority of patients was primarily diagnosed by imaging test and endoscopy (171, 85.1%). All patients were finally confirmed by pathology results. Different treatment plans were selected according to personal situation, including dynamic observation (21, 10.5%), non-surgical treatment (24, 11.9%), and surgical treatment (156, 77.6%). No recurrence was found in surgical treatment patients for up to 24 months follow-up. To sum up, LEC is a rare and benign lesion, which is mostly located at parotid and oral, rarely located at pancreas. No typical symptoms could be found. EUS-FNA could be a reliable way to obtain pathological diagnosis. LEC could be cured by surgical resection with no recurrence.

A holistic motility understanding of the social phenomena underlying inter-city high-speed rail commuting: Evidence from China's Yangtze River Delta

As high-speed rail (HSR) becomes more widespread, inter-city commuting is becoming an increasingly prevalent social phenomenon, yet little attention has been paid to obtaining a deeper understanding of the interdependence of various factors and how they contribute to the phenomena. This paper fills the gap by utilising the concept of motility to frame the analyses of in-depth interviews with HSR commuters between Suzhou and Shanghai in China's Yangtze River Delta. As the first in-depth qualitative study on this topic, our findings advance a holistic understanding of the perception, experience, compromised habits, strategies, and decision trade-off underlying the HSR intercity commuting behind the dark mobility numbers. This new empirical evidence of HSR commuting sheds light on the interdependence of the three elements of motility (range of possibilities, competence and cognitive appropriation). With better employment opportunities accessible by HSR, yet due to the nature of work, personal and family situations, and mobility constraints, cognitive appropriation of HSR commuters leads to various deliberate habits and strategies for daily, weekly, and flexible commuting, which is a precarious balance between individual competence and range of possibilities prompted by HSR either favourable or unfavourable conditions. These issues reflect the value of motility for critical assessments of transport policy and wider associated policy areas to achieve subsequent improvement of personal well-being. Also, the dominant one-way commuting from neighbouring smaller cities to economic powerhouse reflects a need for strategies that coordinate economic function and transport accessibility and enable better balanced two-way economic and commuting patterns in the long run.