Personal Situation Research Articles

Self-esteem conditions at the elementary school level in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico

At the basic school level, students go through personal and academic situations that cause them tension or discomfort when it is necessary to face facts, due the lack of social skills to give solution to problems, they lack the capacity to communicate feelings and emotions to people in a correct way, and thus reach an acceptable agreement for all the people involved. The present research has the objective of analyzing the conditions of self-esteem in the basic education environment in the state of Sinaloa, considering the factors that intervene and the changing context, as well as the intervention of the teacher. Faced with this diversity of situations, it is essential that the teachers implement strategies and innovative activities that help students to develop their knowledge, communication skills, confidence and security oriented to planned educational objectives, therefore, it is important to know each of the students in their ways of thinking to develop activities that contribute to their training. The limitations in self-esteem are linked to the cultural context in which individuals have grown and the behavior of this type can be molded in the educational processes.

Development of the Ward Nurses' Perspective-taking of the Staff Receiving Discharged Patients Scale: An observational study of ward nurses.

Discharge planning involves coordinating between different care settings. Failed coordination can lead to delayed care at the facilities receiving discharged patients. Nurses who implement discharge planning must consider the circumstances of the staff receiving the discharged patients. This study aims to develop a nurses' perspective-taking scale for measuring the cognitive process of imagining a staff's situation when receiving discharged patients. An online survey was conducted from September to November 2021 with nurses in Japanese acute care hospitals, using a 20-item questionnaire based on interviews and a literature review. Item reduction was conducted based on inter-item correlations, item-total correlations, and exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. For the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the samples were randomly split in half and tested. Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients, and correlation coefficients were calculated using both self-developed and pre-existing measures. The questionnaire was distributed to 1,289 individuals, and 416 valid responses were obtained. Item reduction and exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 10-item scale with two subscales, "imagine-other" (six items), which is imagining the other person's situation, and "imagine-self" (four items), which is imagining oneself in the other person's situation. The goodness-of-fit indices were as follows: comparative fit index, 0.95; root mean square error of approximation, 0.08; and standardized root mean squared residual, 0.06. Correlation coefficients with existing scales were 0.38, 0.57, and -0.33. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.54. The newly developed scale proved to be reliable, valid, and suitable for use. This scale can measure the degree of perspective-taking by nurses, which can improve collaboration between facilities and the effectiveness of discharge planning.

Patient Preferences for Surgical Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Discrete Choice Experiment

Purpose: When symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia cannot or can no longer be treated by conservative treatment options adequately, various surgical treatment options are available. Different risks and benefits are associated with each type of surgery; the optimal choice depends on the patient's preference. This study analyzes patients' preferences and investigates patient characteristics that might influence patient preferences in Germany. Materials and Methods: We conducted an online discrete choice experiment based on 9 treatment attributes related to risks (probability of ejaculatory dysfunction, permanent incontinence, needing surgery again, and erectile dysfunction) and efficacy (frequency of daytime and nighttime urination, urgency and duration of urination, and time until symptoms improve) of surgeries. To estimate preferences, we applied a mixed-logit model. Subgroup analyses based on patients' characteristics were conducted. Results: Three hundred thirty participants completed the discrete choice experiment. Overall, participants preferred a lower risk of ejaculatory dysfunction, lower urgency and duration of urination, lower probability of permanent incontinence, lower frequency of nighttime and daytime urination, and lower probability of needing another surgery. Moreover, a faster onset of overall symptom reduction was preferred. Several patient characteristics especially characteristics related to a patient's sexual life seem to influence patients' preferences. Conclusions: Significant preference heterogeneity could be observed in this study, and subgroup analyses suggest differences in preferences in relation to patients' characteristics. These findings highlight the need for individualized treatment decisions. Physicians should evaluate patients' clinical but also inquire about a patient's personal situation and preferences to select the optimal treatment in collaboration with the individual patient.

Healthcare Service Utilization and Related Costs. A Comparison of the Situation of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury to the General Population.

The aim of the study is to investigate healthcare utilization and related costs in spinal cord injury compared to the Swiss population, addressing gaps in understanding this vulnerable group's needs. We analyzed healthcare utilization across age groups using data from the Swiss Health Survey and the Swiss Community Survey. Employing count models, Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial, and Poisson regressions, we estimated the adjusted healthcare visits across different age groups in the sample. Persons with spinal cord injury use 11 times more healthcare services than the healthy population and 4 times more than persons with other chronic health conditions. Notably, service providers for persons with spinal cord injury include physiotherapists, nursing services, general practitioners, and specialists. The high frequency of usage of persons with spinal cord injury translates into high costs, which is 3 times higher than in the general healthy population. These patterns become more evident as persons with spinal cord injury age, where nursing care and rehabilitation services become the most demanded services. Our findings show the multiple healthcare needs of people with spinal cord injury, which makes them a high-needs, high-cost group. This characteristic underscores the importance of preventive measures to reduce the incidence of spinal cord injury in older adults.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Psychological Distress in Patients With Early-Stage Lung Cancer During Preoperative Period: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of significant psychological distress and identify risk factors associated with it among early-stage lung cancer patients in the preoperative period. Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with low survival rates and significant psychological distress. While much research has focused on distress in advanced-stage patients, less is known about the prevalence and risk factors of psychological distress in early-stage lung cancer patients before surgery. A cross-sectional study. The study included 427 early-stage lung cancer patients preparing for surgery. Researchers used a study-specific questionnaire to gather general information and employed the Distress Management Screening Measurement, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 to assess personal situations and psychological distress levels. Statistical analyses investigated distress across various patient characteristics and examined correlations with anxiety and depression. Binary logistic regression identified significant predictors of psychological distress. The study found that 41.9% of early-stage lung cancer patients experienced significant psychological distress preoperatively, with an average score of 3.31 ± 2.18. Psychological distress was significantly positively correlated with depression (r = 0.474, p < 0.001) and anxiety (r = 0.591, p < 0.001). Significant risk factors for psychological distress included pulmonary nodules (OR = 2.884, 95% CI: 1.496-5.559), smoking history (OR = 2.092, 95% CI: 1.016-4.306) and chronic diseases (OR = 2.013, 95% CI: 1.073-3.776). Early-stage lung cancer patients often experience a high incidence of clinically significant psychological distress during the preoperative period, strongly associated with depression and anxiety. Adverse factors contributing to psychological distress include multiple indeterminate pulmonary nodules, smoking history and concurrent chronic diseases. Routine screening for psychological distress in these patients is recommended, along with personalised interventions and self-management strategies to help alleviate their distress during the perioperative period.

Examining barriers and reasons for sport retirement in women's soccer: A qualitative study

The present research aimed to 1) examine the barriers that interfere with the progression of women's soccer and 2) analyze adult women's reasons for abandoning the practice of federated soccer. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology, with 14 semi-structured interviews of female national category soccer players, was used. The results of the inductive content analysis suggested that the players' main reasons for quitting sports were incompatibility or lack of time, lack of group cohesion within the sports context, and individual demotivation. Knowledge of these results may be of great interest to the sport environment. Thus, the people in charge could promote different strategies to improve sports and personal situations.

A Cross-Sectional Study of the Perception of Individualized Nursing Care Among Nurses in Acute Medical and Perioperative Settings

Background/Objectives: Individualized nursing care allows for systematic assessment and intervention; considers a patient’s preferences, values, and context; and contributes to a positive care trajectory. However, its operationalization has proven to be challenging. This research aimed to evaluate nurses’ perceptions of individualized care and analyze their relationship with sociodemographic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 eligible and registered nurses at a Hospital Center, in the Ophthalmology (operating room and inpatient ward) service, the Cardiology service, the Internal Medicine service, and the Medical Emergency Unit, for adults/older adults in Portugal. The nursing version of the Individualized Care Scale (ICS-Nurse) was used for the assessment, including three sub-dimensions: clinical situation, personal life situation, and decisional control over care-related decisions. Cronbach’s alpha and principal component analysis were used for the data analysis. The STROBE checklist was used to report this study. Results: No statistically significant differences were found based on the age, gender, level of education, or years of professional experience of the nurses within the sub-dimensions of individualization. The nurses overall had a good perception of the importance of individualized care (4.06 ± 0.46 ICS-A-NURSE) but faced difficulties in its implementation during the last shift they worked (3.97 ± 0.49 ICS-B-NURSE). Conclusions: The items considered to be of greatest importance were the response to the physical and emotional needs arising from illness and assistance in decision-making through educational instructions. Aspects related to the personal lives of patients, such as family inclusion in an individual’s care plan, everyday habits, and previous experiences of hospitalization, received the lowest scores. Recognizing priority areas for improvement in the individualization of nursing care can contribute to developing training programs and policies that promote a holistic approach. Future studies should consider patient outcomes related to their needs for individualization.

On Professional Values Under a State of War: Exile Journalists From Ukraine in Russia

This paper discusses the case of exile journalists from Ukraine who moved to Russia between 2014 and 2022. What, in terms of journalistic norms, was unacceptable to them in the Ukrainian journalistic field? What did they find problematic in this respect in Russia? These were the basic questions driving the research, in the course of which 15 exile journalists were interviewed; their answers were analysed using Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis. The findings presented in the paper show that, despite all the difficulties of their personal situations, exile journalist still consider professional values such as independence and truth-telling to be important, continuing to use these normative yardsticks to measure the quality of the journalistic condition. The biggest concern that most of the informants shared was that journalists in both Russia and Ukraine used the language of hatred and discrimination toward political and cultural others, that is so-called antagonistic discourse that only contribute to the spiralling of violence and can never help in reaching peace. These findings allow the suggestion that by occupying a unique position from which to witness the contingency of hegemonic orders exile journalists advocating for peace may re-affirm the values of human dignity and peaceful coexistence, two basic principles of the journalistic profession, as identified by UNESCO.

9359 Patients’ Perspectives On Telemedicine In Endocrinology

Abstract Disclosure: P. Rotman Pikielny: None. L. Barzilay Yoseph: None. M. Kasher Meron: None. K. Rodrig: None. S. Shapira: None. Background: Telemedicine has emerged as an important and sometimes crucial tool in patient care, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. It offers numerous benefits, including time efficiency and improved access to specialized services. However, its adoption by endocrinology is constrained by the traditional emphasis on the physician-patient relationship and physical examinations. Objectives: This study evaluated patients’ perspectives on telemedicine, regarding specific aspects of satisfaction, including communication, wait times, and financial and time burdens. Methods: Surveys were delivered via text messages sent after telephone vs. frontal visits in an outpatient endocrinology clinic in a tertiary referral center. The surveys, sent from Nov 2022 to Dec 2023, investigated various aspects of satisfaction with the appointment and were based on the Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire, a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Variations in preference levels across diverse patient groups were also examined. Answers were received via the REDCap application. Patients were told that responses were optional and answering the survey granted informed consent. Results: A total 135 patients completed the questionnaire, 93 who attended telephone and 42 after frontal visits. The groups were similar clinically: 77% were women, with an average age of 63 years. Visits were held mainly due to diabetes (22%), osteoporosis (31%), or obesity 10%), with no statistical differences between groups. 60% were followed more than a year. More patients who had telephone visits (69.9%) had previous experience with telephone visits vs. patients who had frontal visits (40.5%; p&amp;lt;0.004). Patients who had telephone visits reported higher satisfaction with wait time (p=0.002), physicians' explanations (p=0.03) and lower financial and time burdens (p&amp;lt;0.001). However, they were less able to share personal situations with the physician (p&amp;lt;0.001). More patients who experienced telephone visits thought they were preferrable to frontal visits (p&amp;lt;0.001). Notably, individuals with long-term follow-up and non-diabetic endocrine conditions had more interest in telemedicine. Conclusions: Patients report high satisfaction with telemedicine, but constrained in-person interactions remain a notable limitation. Telemedicine may not suit all patient groups or all time-points of patient care, requiring adaptation for broader use. Further research with higher response rate and specifications of different patient populations are essential to generalize these findings. Presentation: 6/2/2024

Online news coverage of migrants’ grief at a distance during COVID-19: A qualitative framing analysis

Grieving at a distance is a common and often challenging experience for migrants. As a result of travel restrictions and border closures, grieving at a distance became a focus of media reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aimed to examine the representation of migrants’ grief at a distance during the pandemic in online newspaper articles. We used a qualitative framing analysis to analyze nine articles published in online international newspapers. Three frames were identified: Grief as an impossible situation, migrants left with impossible choices, and grief as culturally mediated. These frames focused on how the psychological experience of grief was intertwined with migrants’ broader societal and cultural contexts. They emphasized the complex choices migrants faced due to their personal situations and cross-cultural experiences. Findings offer insights into how the media depicts migrant experiences, thus shaping public perceptions of their grief and bereavement. They reveal the difficulties of transnational grief migrants experienced.

Persistent Gaps in Protection: Stateless and Forcibly Displaced in Ukraine and Abroad

Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, beginning in February 2022, millions of Ukrainians have fled their homes. Among the forcibly displaced are stateless persons who lived in Ukraine prior to the war, who are particularly vulnerable because they do not possess any nationality. Unable to prove their identity, stateless internally displaced persons and refugees experience numerous challenges along their flight routes. The measures adopted by European countries to support Ukrainian refugees have been successful in many ways, but insufficiently consider the situation of stateless persons. This article explores the protection gaps in the laws of Ukraine and neighbouring countries, as well as at the European level, and critically evaluates those gaps in light of the relevant international protection regimes, ie, international statelessness law, international refugee law, international and European human rights law and international humanitarian law. From the analysis, it can be concluded that possession of identity documentation and legal status remain crucial conditions for crossing borders and accessing protection.

Legal conditions for the imposition of income taxes - taxation at source and in the country of residence

Withholding tax collection has an undoubted advantage in that the tax is paid shortly after the income has been made available to the taxpayer (paid by the payer). Withholding tax can be treated as a kind of advance payment of income tax. With this method, the taxpayer is obliged to declare the amount of income earned in the annual tax return and has the right to reduce (reduce) the amount of tax due resulting from this tax return by the amount of withholding tax. We refer to tax collected at source as 'creditable withholding tax'. Alternatively, the withholding tax collected at source may be the final withholding tax. In such a case, the recipient of the income (taxpayer) is released from the obligation to submit a tax return and from the obligation with respect to the amount of tax withheld. Withholding taxes are usually levied at a fixed rate that is applied to revenue (not income), which means that no tax-deductible costs or the taxpayer's personal situation (earning capacity) are taken into account. Therefore, it can be concluded that taxes collected at source are cedular taxes.

Peran Guru BK dalam Memberikan Informasi Karir melalui Bimbingan Karir terhadap Siswa Kelas IX di MTs. Swasta Al- Ihsan Maryke

This research aims to examine the role of guidance and counseling teachers in providing career information through career guidance to class IX students at Al-Ihsan Maryke Private MTs, located on Jln. Education No.1 Maryke, Maryke Plantation, Kutambaru, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The research method used is qualitative with a focus on how guidance and counseling teachers convey information regarding career choices and educational paths after graduation. The research results show that guidance and counseling teachers at Al-Ihsan Maryke Private MTs play a vital role by providing an overview of various professions and their requirements, as well as facilitating group discussions and question and answer sessions. They also invite practitioners from various fields to provide direct insight to students. However, there is a lack of depth of information and personalization of guidance. The career guidance provided is often felt to be too general and not suited to students' specific needs. Many students feel that the information presented is not in-depth enough and is difficult to apply to their personal situations, so they have difficulty connecting career choices with their interests and talents. To increase the effectiveness of coaching, a more structured and detailed approach is needed as well as more personalized coaching sessions. This is expected to help students plan concrete steps for their future and make better decisions regarding education and career.

Gender gap in consumer expectations

ABSTRACT This paper provides empirical evidence of the persistence of gender gaps in consumer expectations regarding personal finances and the national economy’s performance. Using individual-level data from two independent but comparable consumer attitude surveys – one nationally representative of the US and the other statewide representative of Florida – it demonstrates that women are significantly less likely than men to hold optimistic expectations about their personal financial situation and US business conditions over the next year and the next 5 years. These gender expectation gaps, ranging from 5% to 8.5% points, remain highly significant even after controlling for respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, as well as survey-month and geographic location (including zip code) fixed effects. Furthermore, these gaps are prevalent in both surveys and have been present for more than four decades. Although persistent over time, these gender differences tend to narrow during periods of economic hardship and widen during economic expansions.

Understanding resilience: Lifestyle-based behavioral predictors of mental health and well-being in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundChanges in sleep, physical activity and mental health were observed in older adults during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we describe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adult mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle behaviors and explore predictors of better mid-pandemic mental health and wellbeing.MethodsParticipants in the Adult Changes in Thought study completed measures of lifestyle behaviors (e.g., sleep, physical activity) and mental health and wellbeing both pre-pandemic during regular study visits and mid-pandemic via a one-time survey. We used paired t-tests to compare differences in these measures pre- vs. mid-pandemic. Using multivariate linear regression, we further explored demographic, health, and lifestyle predictors of pandemic depressive symptoms, social support, and fatigue. We additionally qualitatively coded free text data from the mid-pandemic survey for related comments.ResultsParticipants (N = 896) reported significant changes in mental health and lifestyle behaviors at pre-pandemic vs. mid-pandemic measurements (p < 0.0001). Qualitative findings supported these behavioral and wellbeing changes. Being male, never smoking, and lower pre-pandemic computer time and sleep disturbance were significantly associated with lower pandemic depressive symptoms. Being partnered, female, never smoking, and lower pre-pandemic sleep disturbance were associated with higher pandemic social support. Pre-pandemic employment, more walking, less computer time, and less sleep disturbance were associated with less pandemic fatigue. Participant comments supported these quantitative findings, highlighting gender differences in pandemic mental health, changes in computer usage and physical activity during the pandemic, the value of spousal social support, and links between sleep disturbance and mental health and wellbeing. Qualitative findings also revealed additional factors, such as stresses from personal and family health situations and the country’s concurrent political environment, that impacted mental health and wellbeing.ConclusionsSeveral demographic, health, and lifestyle behaviors appeared to buffer the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and may be key sources of resilience. Interventions and public health measures targeting men and unpartnered individuals could promote social support resilience, and intervening on modifiable behaviors like sleep quality, physical activity and sedentary activities like computer time may promote resilience to fatigue and depressive symptoms during future community stressor events. Further research into these relationships is warranted.

Hak Disabilitas dalam Pelayanan Surat Izin Mengemudi pada Satlantas Polres Purbalingga

The right of persons with disabilities to obtain a driving license is a right that must be recognized and guaranteed to ensure accessibility and equality for everyone, including those with physical and mental limitations. In this regard, the government must ensure that the process of obtaining a driver's license is designed to be easily accessible and usable by everyone, including people with disabilities. In addition, the Government must provide special facilities and services that suit their needs, such as sign language interpreters or other tools to facilitate them. In accordance with the provisions of article 28 h of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia which states that everyone has the right to obtain special facilities and services to achieve equality and justice. The government should also provide clear information on the procedures for obtaining a driver's license that covers all types of disabilities, such as guidance on the technical requirements and application process that apply to them. This will ensure that they have sufficient knowledge and feel supported when processing an extension or new driver's license. This research aims to examine how disability protection in obtaining a driver's license for persons with disabilities is a right of all citizens who meet the requirements. This case concerns National Police Chief Regulation No. 9/2012 on Driver's License. In this case, the case study was conducted at the Purbalingga Police Traffic Division Office. The method used in this research is a normative legal method with an empirical juridical approach, namely interviews and observations in the Purbalingga Regency area, then analyzed qualitatively to see whether it is in accordance with the National Police Chief Regulation Number 9 of 2012. Based on this. the findings obtained. And it is concluded that the implementation of Purbalingga Police in issuing driving licenses for persons with disabilities based on the National Police Chief Regulation is quite good, although overall it is not good enough. However, the technical implementation in the field has not been able to adapt to the situation of persons with disabilities.

Change of situation as a basis for exemption from criminal responsibility for illegal felling, transportation, storage, sale of forest (Article 246 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine): problems of judicial practice

The article carried out a critical analysis of the judicial practice of exemption from criminal liability in connection with the change in the situation of persons who have committed a criminal offense provided for in Art. 246 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as a result of which existing problems in this area were identified and scientifically based ways of overcoming them were proposed. In particular, it was proven that the most common mistake made by domestic courts when acquitting persons who have committed a crime, provided for in Art. 246 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, there is the fact that the application of Art. 48 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is permanently justified by compensation for the damages and circumstances that should actually be considered only in the context of the individualization of criminal responsibility (such as the absence of a criminal record, sincere remorse). It is concluded that such a practice clearly does not stimulate law-abiding behavior, since in the worst case, the one who committed illegal logging «is threatened» with only full compensation for the damage caused, without serving any punishment for what he did. It is also stated that the appropriate approach is based on ignoring the obvious fact that the change of situation as a relatively objective type of exemption from criminal responsibility does not depend on the willpower and post-criminal behavior of the subject of the criminal offense. Arguments are given in favor of supporting the position of those courts that, demonstrating a principled position, instead of the usual formal approach, carefully study the existence of grounds for satisfying the relevant requests and, in particular, note that all the above-mentioned circumstances are not sufficient by themselves and cannot convincingly testify about a change in the situation and a person’s loss of social danger to such an extent that it makes it impossible for him to commit another criminal offense. Key words: criminal responsibility; exemption from criminal liability; punishment; change of situation; illegal felling, transportation, storage, sale of forest; contrition; post-criminal behavior; losses; compensation for damages; public danger.

КРИТЕРИЙ ОБОСНОВАННОСТИ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ УСМОТРЕНИЯ В РАМКАХ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ АДМИНИСТРАЦИИ ИСПРАВИТЕЛЬНОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ

The article examines the criterion of validity and its correlation with the criteria of legality, motivation in the application of discretion within the framework of the administration of a correctional institution. The author concludes that the situation in which the discretion of the correctional institution administration is applied should be fully investigated, and its signs (elements) should be set out in the relevant act. At the same time, negative changes within the framework of discretion should be particularly justified, that is, when a person's situation worsens and his rights are limited, there should always be good reasons. In order to comply with the criterion of validity of the decision, specially authorized persons may be involved, including situationally organized disciplinary commissions, which is necessary to form a more objective opinion on each specific situation.

Evaluation of the Reliability and Validity of the Retirement Knowledge Scale (RKS).

The Retirement Knowledge Scale (RKS) consists of 10 questions that assess three aspects of financial planning for retirement: reflection about retirement plans, engagement with information on retirement preparedness, and evaluation of retirement preparedness. The RKS was administered to 1350 adults 50 and older in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) as an experimental module for the 2020 wave along with the "Big Three" questions of financial literacy that assess knowledge about inflation, interest rate, and risk. Results of the study provide support for the reliability of the RKS scales in the full sample and separately for non-retired and retired adults. We also find support for the construct validity of the RKS based on its associations with the Financial Literacy Score (i.e. Big Three questions), retirement status, sociodemographic characteristics, financial outcomes and planning horizons, personality traits, and satisfaction with life and other related outcomes. We find that better RKS scores are correlated with higher objective financial knowledge and levels of education, being retired, better financial outcomes (value of financial assets, probability of leaving a 10,000 bequest, and IRA/Keogh, stock, checking and CD account balances), longer financial planning horizon, being extrovert, open and conscientious, and higher levels of satisfaction with life, income, personal financial situation, and health. We also conduct a multiple regression analysis that provides support for the validity of the RKS. The RKS is useful as it provides new information about knowledge gaps in financial planning for retirement.

Relevant factors and the student profile that result in dropout in higher education: A case study at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo campus Itapina

School dropout consists of the definitive departure of the student without completing his or her original course. This work aimed to discuss reasons that led students between the years 2014 and 2016 to drop out of the higher education course of Agricultural Sciences at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo. This research focused on investigating possible reasons for dropout that may be internal, that is, linked to the institution or linked to the personal situations of former students. Exploratory research of a qualitative nature was chosen, using tools for data collection and analysis quantitatively and qualitatively, in addition to the methodology of participatory observation. In the technical procedures, a questionnaire with objective questions was applied, based on a questionnaire used to measure the dropout of students from the institution. According to the answers obtained, it was inferred that the main reasons that led the students to drop out were the lack of recognition of the teaching profession, dissatisfaction with the contents and chosen course, dissatisfaction with their own academic performance, among others. It is necessary to emphasize that some of the above-mentioned answers disagree when taking into account that the highest dropout rates occur in the first semesters, showing that little persistence or support for the student in permanence in the course can also be a determining factor.