Personal Phone Research Articles

Personal cell phones among children: attitudes of parents of primary school pupils

Abstract Background A large number of primary school children have personal smartphones which enable them to communicate with lots of people and use social networks. However, social networking should not be accessible to primary school pupils due to existing age restrictions. Studies show that cell phones can be used to send offensive or sexual content to children or by them. This might have long-term effects on child's mental health and even provoke suicidal thoughts. While parents are able to control many aspects of children's life, we aimed to disclose parental attitudes towards use of mobile phones among children. Methods A total number of 619 parents of primary school children from middle-sized town of Lithuania participated in this study. Parents anonymously expressed their opinion to questions about personal cell phones usage among children. Distribution of participants was assessed according to social and demographic characteristics. Results Most of the respondents (79.8%) indicated that use of mobile phones might be harmful to children's health, 56.0% indicated that their children use social networks and every second child was registered by their parents (49.5%). Minority of the respondents (8.1%) thought that children (including children from other families) receive messages from strangers and communicate with them (2.1%). Similarly, very few of the respondents thought that children receive offensive (15.0%) or sexual (4.8%) content. Younger and lower educated parents registered their children to social networks more frequently (p-value less than 0.05). Lower educated parents more frequently indicated that offensive or sexual content can reach children via smartphones (p-value less than 0.05). Conclusions Majority of parents of primary school children thought that cell phones might be harmful to children's health but most of them did not pay attention to threats such as communication with strangers or transmission of sexual content. Key messages Only minority of parents of primary school children indicated communication with strangers or transmission of sexual content as threats induced by use of smartphones among children. Regardless that lower educated parents indicated awareness of content-related threats to children more frequently they registered their children to social networks more frequently as well.

COVID-19’s Impact on Genetics at One Medical Center in New York

COVID-19’s Impact on Genetics at One Medical Center in New York

Home is just a phone away: Mobile phones and severity of social pain experiences

As personal mobile phone ownership approaches ubiquity, the devices are coming to play increasingly central roles in our social lives. Though considerable research has been conducted on the psychological impacts of mobile phone ownership and usage, much remains to be investigated. The current research assessed the impact of the presence and absence of personal mobile phones on a fundamental negative experience: social pain. Based on prior findings on the pain-reducing effects of photographs of loved ones (Master et al., 2009) and the role of mobile phones in enhancing feelings of belongingness (e.g. Walsh, White, & Young, 2009), we hypothesized that the presence of a personal mobile phone would reduce the intensity of a social pain experience. Results were mixed, with reduced social pain reported with phones present relative to absent but no observed effect on need-threat. While confirming the exact nature of the effect is not possible with present data, this research provides further evidence of the powerful influence personal phones can have on social experience.

Utilizing passive sensing data to provide personalized psychological care in low-resource settings

Background: With the growing ubiquity of smartphones and wearable devices, there is an increased potential of collecting passive sensing data in mobile health. Passive data such as physical activity, Global Positioning System (GPS), interpersonal proximity, and audio recordings can provide valuable insight into the lives of individuals. In mental health, these insights can illuminate behavioral patterns, creating exciting opportunities for mental health service providers and their clients to support pattern recognition and problem identification outside of formal sessions. In the Sensing Technologies for Maternal Depression Treatment in Low Resource Settings (StandStrong) project, our aim was to build an mHealth application to facilitate the delivery of psychological treatments by lay counselors caring for adolescent mothers with depression in Nepal. Methods: This paper describes the development of the StandStrong platform comprising the StandStrong Counselor application, and a cloud-based processing system, which can incorporate any tool that generates passive sensing data. We developed the StandStrong Counselor application that visualized passively collected GPS, proximity, and activity data. In the app, GPS data displays as heat maps, proximity data as charts showing the mother and child together or apart, and mothers’ activities as activity charts. Lay counselors can use the StandStrong application during counseling sessions to discuss mothers’ behavioral patterns and clinical progress over the course of a five-week counseling intervention. Awards based on collected data also can be automatically generated and sent to mothers. Additionally, messages can be sent from counselors to mother’s personal phones through the StandStrong platform. Discussion: The StandStrong platform has the potential to improve the quality and effectiveness of psychological services delivered by non-specialists in diverse global settings.

Evaluation of Adaptive Feedback in a Smartphone-Based Game on Health Care Providers' Learning Gain: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundAlthough smartphone-based emergency care training is more affordable than traditional avenues of training, it is still in its infancy, remains poorly implemented, and its current implementation modes tend to be invariant to the evolving learning needs of the intended users. In resource-limited settings, the use of such platforms coupled with gamified approaches remains largely unexplored, despite the lack of traditional training opportunities, and high mortality rates in these settings.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this randomized experiment is to determine the effectiveness of offering adaptive versus standard feedback, on the learning gains of clinicians, through the use of a smartphone-based game that assessed their management of a simulated medical emergency. A secondary aim is to examine the effects of learner characteristics and learning spacing with repeated use of the game on the secondary outcome of individualized normalized learning gain.MethodsThe experiment is aimed at clinicians who provide bedside neonatal care in low-income settings. Data were captured through an Android app installed on the study participants’ personal phones. The intervention, which was based on successful attempts at a learning task, included adaptive feedback provided within the app to the experimental arm, whereas the control arm received standardized feedback. The primary end point was completion of the second learning session. Of the 572 participants enrolled between February 2019 and July 2019, 247 (43.2%) reached the primary end point. The primary outcome was standardized relative change in learning gains between the study arms as measured by the Morris G effect size. The secondary outcomes were the participants individualized normalized learning gains.ResultsThe effect of adaptive feedback on care providers’ learning gain was found to be g=0.09 (95% CI −0.31 to 0.46; P=.47). In exploratory analysis, using normalized learning gains, when subject-treatment interaction and differential time effect was controlled for, this effect increased significantly to 0.644 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.94; P<.001) with immediate repetition, which is a moderate learning effect, but reduced significantly by 0.28 after a week. The overall learning change from the app use in both arms was large and may have obscured a direct effect of feedback.ConclusionsThere is a considerable learning gain between the first two rounds of learning with both forms of feedback and a small added benefit of adaptive feedback after controlling for learner differences. We suggest that linking the adaptive feedback provided to care providers to how they space their repeat learning session(s) may yield higher learning gains. Future work might explore in more depth the feedback content, in particular whether or not explanatory feedback (why answers were wrong) enhances learning more than reflective feedback (information about what the right answers are).Trial RegistrationPan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR) 201901783811130; https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=5836International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.2196/13034

The impact of second hip fracture on rehospitalization and mortality in older adults

PurposeAlthough a second hip fracture is not uncommon in the older population, the extent to which such an event may affect health-related outcomes has not been fully clarified. We aimed to evaluate the risk of new falls, functional decline, rehospitalization, institutionalization and mortality in older patients admitted for a second vs. a first hip fracture. MethodsThe sample consisted of 288 older patients admitted to the Orthogeriatric Unit of Bolzano Hospital (northern Italy) and surgically treated for a hip fracture from June 2016 to June 2017. Socio-demographic data and hospitalization-related information were collected and a multidimensional assessment was made upon admission and during the hospital stay. Fifteen months after discharge, data on mobility level, functional status, institutionalization, and new falls were obtained from personal or structured phone interviews. Information on rehospitalization and mortality was obtained from local hospital registers. ResultsOne out of six patients (14.6 %) admitted was suffering a second hip fracture, of which only 16.7 % were on antiresorptive therapies. At the 15-month follow-up, individuals who had been treated for a second hip fracture were more likely than those treated for their first to have low mobility levels (OR = 4.13, 95 %CI:1.23−13.84), to be rehospitalized (OR = 2.57, 95 %CI:1.12−5.90), and to have a higher mortality (HR = 1.81, 95 %CI:1.05–3.12). ConclusionsThe occurrence of a second hip fracture may further affect the clinical vulnerability and mortality of older adults. These results highlight the need to implement preventive action to minimize the risk of re-fracture after the first event.

Interdisciplinary Approach to Palliative Care: A Survey of Tools and an Affordable Technique

Palliative care is a multidisciplinary approach to health care for individuals with life limiting illnesses. Its primary focus is to prevent and relive suffering from symptoms related to the illness through early identification, correct assessment and treatment of symptoms such as pain and other physical, psychosocial and spiritual problems. Researchers on palliative care have concluded that increased adaptation of tools enhances identification of patients who would benefit through palliative care and hence provide adequate care suitably. The two significant challenges are introduction of early palliative care and symptoms relief. With advances and easy access to smart phones, opportunities exist for providing improved health care to cancer patients with cost-effective and targeted care coordination. This paper presents a survey of tools designed for palliative care and a feasible framework for designing an Intelligent Multi-Agent System which provides palliative care patients with immediate and proactive medical services through monitoring and diagnosis, therapy and consultation using personal computers and Smart Phones.

Pilot study for the use of wearable devices for patients undergoing oral chemotherapy.

e14103 Background: The rapid development of digital technology holds enormous potential to transform the delivery of cancer care. Despite these digital innovations, we still face significant challenges in healthcare in using these emerging digital technologies in the clinical setting. Clinicians generally underestimate the severity and extent of chemotherapy toxicity of patients. This project seeks to conduct an exploratory field study to collect patient feedback on their experiences, and the design/functionality of the prototype of the digital health service platform designed to monitor their symptoms. Methods: Using the National Cancer Institute item library addressing the most common symptoms for chemotherapy toxicity, a digital health platform was designed by Samsung Research America (SRA) and University Hospitals. Patients age ≥ 18 years old, willingness to agree to the consent document, ability to understand use of wearable device and willingness to answer patient reported outcomes questions were included in this study. Patients who are not undergoing oral chemotherapy treatment for their cancer were excluded. Patients were given a phone that had our designed platform along with a watch. The watch had the capability of tracking blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse oximetry. Patients were set up with an electronic account that queried them on patient Reported Outcomes (PRO) regarding potential toxicity they may be experiencing. They were also able to track medication consumption and input their weight. Subjects were be asked to use the wearable device and phone for at least 28 days and no more than 90 days. At the end of the study, a phone survey was attempted. Results: Total patients enrolled: 21. 18/21 (85.7%) patients completed the 90 days of the study. Only 9 patients provided PRO with total number of side effects reported 28 times. Watch device was only utilized by 15/21 (71.4%) patients. On an average across 90 days, these patients wore the watch 430 minutes per day. At the end of the treatment, 5 patients agreed to participate in the phone survey. Three patients stated that they would do similar study in the future noting that the digital platform helped them stay on track and monitor symptoms accurately. Every patient questioned had a complaint regarding the watch functionality. Patients also found it difficult to carry a second phone in addition to their personal phone. Conclusions: Improving our digital health service platform will get us closer to achieving effective bi-lateral patient communication and ultimately improving patient care.

Practical Considerations for Implementing Virtual Care in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: For the Pandemic and Beyond.

This article outlines a practical approach to quickly implementing virtual care for physiatrists. This skill is relevant not only during times of a pandemic, when face to face care is impossible, but is also valuable when caring for patients who have physical, financial, logistic, or other challenges to on-site care. Key themes covered in this article include selecting appropriate virtual care platforms, consenting patients for virtual care and conducting successful virtual visits. It also reviews strategies for performing virtual physical examinations and engaging learners in virtual care.

The Utilization of Physician Cell Phone Numbers by Patients in an Orthopaedic Surgery Practice.

IntroductionOrthopaedic surgeons choose to manage communication with their patients outside of official visits and interactions in a variety of ways, with some choosing to provide their personal cell phone number in order to provide patients with direct accessibility. The objective of this prospective study is to explore to what extent patients utilize the cell phone numbers of orthopaedic surgeons in the immediate period after it is provided to them.MethodsSeven fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons from five different subspecialties in a single private, multi-site group each provided his/her personal cell phone number to 30 consecutive patients. The surgeon’s phone number was written down on a business card, and the surgeons themselves provided the card to the patient. Phone calls and voice mail messages received in the 30 days following the patient receiving the phone number were recorded, and the reasons for these calls were categorized as being “appropriate” (e.g. acute postoperative issues, unclear instructions) or “inappropriate” (e.g. administrative issues, medication refills, advanced imaging-related inquires).ResultsTwo-hundred seven patients with an average age of 51.5 years were provided cell phone numbers. During the 30 days following administration of cell phone numbers to each patient, 21 patients (10.1%) made calls to their surgeons, for an average of 0.15 calls per patient. Six patients (2.9%) called their surgeons more than once. Seventeen calls (54.8%) were deemed appropriate, while 14 calls (45.2%) were inappropriate. Logistic regression analysis did not reveal patient age, sex, type of visit, or surgeon subspecialty to be independently associated with calling.ConclusionOur study has demonstrated a low rate of patient utilization of surgeon cell phone number when provided to them. If surgeons choose to provide their cell phone number to patients, we recommend specifying appropriate reasons to call in order to maximize the effectiveness of this communication method.

Comparative Effectiveness of Functional Tests in Fall Prediction After Hip Fracture

ObjectivesTo assess the validity of 4 functional tests in predicting falls within the first year after hip fracture. DesignProspective study of functional tests shortly after hip surgery and incident falls during 12 months' follow-up. Setting and ParticipantsThe sample comprised 173 adults with acute hip fracture, aged 65 years and older (79% women, 77% community dwelling, mean age 84.2 years), who participated in a clinical trial of vitamin D or home exercise. MethodsWe assessed 4 functional tests [Timed Up and Go test (TUG), grip strength, and knee flexor and extensor strength in the nonoperated leg] by trained study physiotherapists at baseline (1-12 days after hip fracture surgery). During 12 months' follow-up, we ascertained all fall events by monthly personal phone calls, a telephone hotline, and a patient diary. Then we compared TUG and strength test performance at baseline between future single fallers, recurrent fallers, and nonfallers over the 12-month follow-up. All analyses adjusted for age, body mass index, gender, 25-hydroxyvitamin D status at baseline, days of follow-up, and treatment allocation (the original trial tested vitamin D treatment and/or a home exercise program). ResultsNinety-two of 173 (53%) participants fell and experienced 212 falls. Participants who became recurrent fallers (n = 54) had significantly longer TUG times at baseline than those who did not fall (n = 81) in the following 12 months (mean TUG for recurrent fallers = 71.6 seconds, SD = 8.2 seconds, vs mean TUG for nonfallers = 51.4 seconds, SD = 6.9 seconds; P = .02). There were no significant differences in TUG times between single fallers and nonfallers. For all 3 strength tests, there were no significant differences between single fallers, recurrent fallers, and nonfallers. Conclusions and ImplicationsIn this population of frail older adults recruited shortly after hip fracture surgery, only the TUG test discriminated between future recurrent fallers and nonfallers over a 12-month follow-up. Because of the high incidence and serious consequences of falls in older adults after a hip fracture, it is very important to identify practical and clinically related tests to predict repeated falls in the first year after a hip fracture, which is of great public health importance.

Appointment reminders to increase uptake of HIV retesting by at-risk individuals: a randomized controlled study in Thailand.

IntroductionFrequent HIV testing of at‐risk individuals is crucial to detect and treat infections early and prevent transmissions. We assessed the effect of reminders on HIV retesting uptake.MethodsThe study was conducted within a programme involving four facilities providing free‐of‐charge HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B and C testing and counselling in northern Thailand. Individuals found HIV negative and identified at risk by counsellors were invited to participate in a three‐arm, open‐label, randomized, controlled trial comparing: (a) “No Appointment & No Reminder” (control arm); (b) “No Appointment but Reminder”: short message service (SMS) sent 24 weeks after the enrolment visit to remind booking an appointment, and sent again one week later if no appointment was booked; and (c) “Appointment & Reminder”: appointment scheduled during the enrolment visit and SMS sent one week before appointment to ask for confirmation; if no response: single call made within one business day. The primary endpoint was a HIV retest within seven months after the enrolment visit. The cost of each reminder strategy was calculated as the sum of the following costs in United States dollars (USD): time spent by participants, counsellors and hotline staff; phone calls made; and SMS sent. The target sample size was 217 participants per arm (651 overall).ResultsBetween April and November 2017, 651 participants were randomized. The proportion presenting for HIV retesting within seven months was 11.2% (24/215) in the control arm, versus 19.3% (42/218) in “No Appointment but Reminder” (p = 0.023) and 36.7% (80/218) in “Appointment & Reminder” (p < 0.001). Differences in proportions compared to the control arm were respectively +8.1% (95% CI: +1.4% to +14.8%) and +25.5% (+17.9% to +33.2%). The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios of “No Appointment but Reminder” and “Appointment & Reminder” compared to the control arm were respectively USD 0.05 and USD 0.14 per participant for each 5% increase in HIV retesting uptake within seven months.ConclusionsScheduling an appointment and sending a reminder one week before was a simple, easy‐to‐implement and affordable intervention that significantly increased HIV retesting uptake in these at‐risk individuals. The personal phone call to clients probably contributed, and also improved service efficiency.

Effectiveness of the use of an algorithm in the diagnostic approach of joint pain patients by primary care physicians.

There is a high percentage of error in the approach of patients with joint pain by primary care physicians. An algorithm can help improve this misdiagnosis problem. Our study seeks to determine the effectiveness of an algorithm when used by primary care physicians for the diagnosis of cases of joint pain patients. A randomized clinical experiment was carried out. Primary care physicians from five cities in Colombia developed a series of clinical cases, which were presented to them through a website on their personal cell phones. Half of the doctors developed the cases using the diagnostic algorithm, and the other half developed the cases without the use of the algorithm. Main measures were proportion of correct diagnosis, number, type of laboratory and diagnostic images requested for the diagnostic approach of clinical cases. Two hundred and twenty-four primary care physicians participated. The overall proportion of cases correctly diagnosed was 37.3% higher in the intervention group; we found a greater difference in cases of spondyloarthritis (60.8%), followed by systemic lupus erythematosus with joint involvement (32.2%), rheumatoid arthritis (30.3%) and osteoarthritis (25.9%). The average number of tests requested to develop clinical cases was lower in the intervention group than in the control group, both globally and for each of the four diseases, with statistically significant differences for each of the comparisons. The diagnostic algorithm proved to be an effective tool when used by primary care physicians; the proportion of correct diagnoses increased, and the number of tests requested in the development of the cases decreased.

A Multi-perspective Analysis of Social Context and Personal Factors in Office Settings for the Design of an Effective Mobile Notification System

In this study, we investigate the effects of social context, personal and mobile phone usage on the inference of work engagement/challenge levels of knowledge workers and their responsiveness to well-being related notifications. Our results show that mobile application usage is associated to the responsiveness and work engagement/challenge levels of knowledge workers. We also developed multi-level (within- and between-subjects) models for the inference of attentional states and engagement/challenge levels with mobile application usage indicators as inputs, such as the number of applications used prior to notifications, the number of switches between applications, and application category usage. The results of our analysis show that the following features are effective for the inference of attentional states and engagement/challenge levels: the number of switches between mobile applications in the last 45 minutes and the duration of application usage in the last 5 minutes before users' response to ESM messages.

65: Wait times in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery: A mystery caller study

In the field of Obstetrics and Gynecology, mystery caller studies have found significant gaps in appropriate counseling regarding topics such as emergency contraception and access to family planning resources. No mystery caller studies have been published in the field of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS). We describe wait times for a new post-menopausal patient describing symptomatic uterovaginal prolapse. The American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS) "Find a Provider” tool was used to generate a list of offices across the United States. Each of the 417 unique offices was called once. The caller asked for the soonest appointment available for her mother, who was recently diagnosed with uterine prolapse. Data collected included date of soonest appointment, FPMRS physician demographics, and telephone staff demographics. Using R (version 3.6.1), the number of business days until the next available appointment was calculated for each office. No appointments were scheduled. The median wait time for a new post-menopausal patient was 17 days (range 0-96 days). Female FPMRS providers have a five day longer wait time compared to males (25.4 vs 20.2 business days, p<0.03). Day of the week called for appointment, ACOG district, rurality of provider, or gender of the person answering the phone did not make a significant difference in wait time. Fifty-four FPMRS physicians had an incorrect number listed -- either their personal cell phone or another unspecified number. Typically, a woman with uterine prolapse can expect to wait two to three weeks for an initial appointment with an FPMRS board certified physician. Continued improvement in wait times is essential in improving access to health care for women with prolapse, and mystery caller studies offer an effective and efficient approach to monitor progress.

Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi pada Lingkungan Pemerintahan Desa di Kecamatan Sungai Pandan

The purpose of this study was to know the infrastructure and utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in village government in Sungai Pandan Subdistrict. The study was done by making mapping based on the existing potentials in ICT which was then compared with the results of implementation and resources that were in the village government. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaire and interview. The ICT utilization survey was conducted in 17 village in Sungai Pandan subdistrict. Based on survey results, all villages had used computers to perform routine administrative work. Common applications used are Microsoft Office. In addition to general applications used are SIMDA and SisKeuDes for financial management. There were only two villages that have adequate internet facilities, while other villages were still using the internet sourced from personal cell phones. Kata kunci : survey, utilization of ICT, village administration

Research : Parental Perceptions on Smartphone Use for Clinical Mobility

Smartphones increasingly are used to facilitate the delivery of healthcare. Earlier studies assessing patient perceptions on smartphone use were performed before the emergence of broad clinical mobility platforms, and these studies did not distinguish potential differences related to smartphone device types. The current study evaluated the perceptions of neonatal intensive care unit parents on two different smartphone devices (personal phone and industrial phone) in the setting of an established clinical mobility platform. A total of 59 parents completed a multiple-choice survey exploring respondents' beliefs regarding whether smartphones could help care for their child, concerns regarding privacy/security, and perceived functionality of each smartphone. For both devices, most participants believed that smartphones were clearly used to help in the care of their child. However, respondents reported greater comfort with the industrial phone (P < 0.05). Respondents were more likely to express concern that the personal phone could compromise their child's personal/private information (P < 0.05). Respondents were more likely to believe that the industrial phone could receive emergency alerts/alarms compared with the personal phone (P < 0.05). Parental perceptions of smartphones generally were positive; however, perceived differences were found between devices, and smartphone functionality was underestimated. This suggested that education interventions addressing the value of smartphones for clinical mobility are warranted.

Cell Phone Searches by Employers

This Article presents a framework for analyzing searches of privately-owned and employer-owned cell phones by both public and private employers. For employee-owned cell phones, this Article argues that such devices are entitled to the greatest constitutional protection under relevant Fourth Amendment precedent, including Riley v. California, and are typically beyond the reach of the Fourth Amendment’s workplace exception, making them generally immune from search by public employers. Given the highly offensive nature of personal cell phone searches, this Article further argues that private employers would typically face liability in tort for most personal cell phone searches. Nevertheless, for both types of employers, this Article contends that limited searches of personal cell phones might be permissible if an employer has implemented a clear and narrow policy authorizing such searches, to which employees have voluntarily consented, that is itself justified by a legitimate business need to manage or review particular employment-related data contained within the phone. For employer-owned cell phones, this Article recognizes that employees often cannot expect privacy in such devices vis-a-vis their employers, particularly where an employer’s policy permits their inspection, making them more freely searchable by employers. Nevertheless, in cases where an employee could reasonably expect privacy in an employer-issued cell phone, as in certain instances where the employee is the exclusive user of the device, this Article argues that employers should conduct such searches in a reasonable manner. Accordingly, for either public or private employers, this Article argues that when an employer wishes to search an employer-issued device, the employer should ensure it has a strong business justification for the search, should limit its search to avoid accessing private information unrelated to the intrusion’s justifications, and should select the least intrusive means available for conducting the search. In the end, determining whether an employer may lawfully search or seize the contents of an employee’s cell phone must be done on a case-by-case basis. However, the principles identified in this Article will serve as helpful guides for employers and reviewing courts in specific cases.

Кіберсоціалізація як особливий вид соціалізації особистості

In the article, based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, the theoretical ideas about the essence of the process of personality cybersocialization, positive and negative effects of cyberspace, are systematically disseminated among modern researchers. It is established that the concept of "cybersocialization" was introduced to the scientific circulation by Russian researcher V. Pleshakov in 2005 to determine the process of qualitative changes in the structure of personality consciousness and the motivational and needy sphere of an individual, which is influenced by and resulting from the use of modern information and communication, and computer technology in the context of assimilation and reproduction of culture within the framework of personal activity. The classification of human cybersocialization factors that V. Pleshakov divides into: megafactors (cyberspace, Internet, WWW, mobile communication; macrofactors (national domain zone, social networks, Internet portals and sites, blogosphere, massively multiplayer online games); mesofactors (wiki projects and online dictionaries, Internet TV and Internet radio, IP telephony and video calls, Internet network forums, messengers, online stores, computer games); microfactors – software personal computer tech nicknames or cell phones, a personal cyberspace zone, a game character in a computer game. It is established that cybersocialization, as a systematic process, touches all sides and spheres of life of a modern person, directly influencing the formation of personality. The process is inherently ambiguous and controversial, often socially uncontrolled. Among the positive effects of cyberspace are: expanding the boundaries of communication, opportunities for non-formal education, self-realization and self-presentation, unlimited access to diverse information, organizing communities of interest, and more. Among the dangers are the focus on Internet addiction, social exclusion, virtualization of leisure and more. In particular, attention was paid to the unprotected socialization of children and young people in the context of the information society.

Physician Social Media Abuse: What Would You Do?

Over the past decade, physician social media use has been made popular and evolved from simple Facebook pages to rapid, instant media sharing. New social media applications, such as Snapchat and Instagram, are finding welcome homes in personal cell phones of physicians. The purpose of this article is to determine patients' views of not only physician use of these apps but also how they would react if their physician abused this technology. As outlined in the article below, physician abuse of social media is growing-and not strictly confined to one demographic group of physicians. The results of this study show patient concern over physician use of social media and the potential for patient to take legal action against physicians over social media abuse. Future policy directions should aim to increase transparency of physician social media use with the goal of eliminating social media abuse.