Personality Measures Research Articles

Hunter risk sensitivity to ticks and tick-borne disease in Illinois

ABSTRACT Tick-borne disease (TBD) is a public health issue, especially for hunters. Data were obtained from a mailed survey (n = 2,948, response rate = 59%) of Illinois adult resident hunters. Consistent with earlier work, hunter perception of vector-borne diseases could be categorized into an overall risk sensitivity index consisting of three clusters of respondents: no risk (40%), slight risk (45%), and moderate risk (15%). As predicted, individuals in the no-risk cluster consistently reported the lowest mean scores for the awareness of ticks, prior experience with ticks, perceived risks with ticks, and protective behavior indices. People in the moderate risk cluster reported the highest means on these indices. In contrast, means for those in the slight risk cluster were consistently between individuals in the no-risk and moderate risk clusters. Results underscore the need for identifying strategies to improve personal protective adoption measures by hunters with low-risk perception.

Personal exposure monitoring of fine and coarse particulate matter using exposure assessment models for elderly residents in Hong Kong

This study investigated the determinants of personal exposures (PE) to coarse (PM2.5-10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for elderly communities in Hong Kong. The mean PE PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 were 23.6 ± 10.8 and 13.5 ± 22.1 μg/m3, respectively during the sampling period. Approximately 76% of study subjects presented statistically significant differences between PE and ambient origin for PM2.5 compared to approximately 56% for PM2.5-10, possibly due to the coarse-size particles being more influenced by similar sources (road dust and construction dust emissions) compared to the PM2.5 particles. Individual PE to ambient (P/A) ratios for PM2.5 all exceeded unity (≥1), suggesting the dominant influences of non-ambient particles contributed towards total PE values. There were about 80% individual P/A ratios (≤1) for PM2.5-10, implying possible effective infiltration prevention of larger size particulate matter particles leading to dominant influences from the outdoor sources. The higher concentration of NO3− and SO42− in PM2.5-10 compared to PM2.5 suggests possible heterogeneous reactions of alkaline minerals leading to the formation of NO3− and SO42− in PM2.5-10 particles. The PE and ambient OC/EC ratios in PM2.5 (8.8 ± 3.3 and 10.4 ± 22.4, respectively) and in PM2.5-10 (6.0 ± 1.9 and 3.0 ± 1.1, respectively) suggest possible secondary formed OC from surrounding rural areas. Heterogeneous distributions (COD >0.2) between the PE and ambient concentrations were found for both the PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 samples. The calibration coefficient as the association between personal and surrogate exposure measure of PE to PM2.5 (0.84) was higher than PM2.5-10 (0.52). The findings further confirm that local sources were the dominant contributor to the coarse particles and these coefficients can potentially be used to estimate different PE to PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 conditions. A comprehensive understanding of the PE to determinants in coarse particles is essential to further reduce potential exposure misclassification.

Diabetes is associated with longitudinal declined physical performance measures in persons with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

The primary aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on physical performance measures including Gait Speed and Chair Stand tests over 8 years of follow-up in people with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA). A prospective longitudinal study. Multisite community based. This study included participants with or at risk of knee OA aged from 45 to 79 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative from baseline to 96 months follow-up. The participants performed physical performance measures using a 20 m Walk Test for Gait Speed and 5 Times Sit To Stand for repeated chair stand test time at baseline and during follow-up visits. Participants were asked about the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) at baseline and categorized into with or without DM. Generalized estimating equations were utilized with 2 models, one for DM and Gait Speed and the other for DM and Repeated Chair Stand Test after controlling for covariates including age, sex, education, Body Mass Index (BMI), depressive symptoms, physical activity level, baseline number of comorbidities, and baseline Kellgren and Lawrence grades for OA grading for each knee. A total of 4796 participants were included and categorized into those with DM (N.=362) and without DM (N.=4311) at baseline. Participants with DM at baseline showed significantly declined gait speed (B=-0.048, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: [-0.07, -0.02], P<0.001) and significantly an increased time for repeated chair stand test (B=0.49, 95% CI: [0.08, 0.89], P=0.018) over time when compared to those without DM at baseline, after controlling for covariates. DM was associated with negative impact on Gait Speed and Repeated Chair Stand Test time in individuals with or at risk of knee OA. Individuals with knee OA and diabetes who exhibit declining physical performance measures are at risk of functional dependence, reduced quality of life, and complex rehabilitation requirements.

Feasibility analysis of inactivating influenza A(H1N1) virus using UVC robot in classroom environment

BackgroundStarting from 2009, H1N1 has been one of the respiratory diseases that afflict the global population. Concurrently, due to the influence of COVID-19, it has become widely accepted that preventing the virus's spread necessitates personal protection measures and disinfection in public spaces. ExperimentsThis study conducted two experiments. In the classroom experiment, six UVC dose test points were calibrated to test whether the UVC dose at each testing point met the standards for inactivating IAVs and the time required to meet the standards. In the simulated classroom experiment, seven square slides made of IAVs were placed. After 10 min of robot movement, irradiated sterile square slides were made into suspension and injected into chicken embryos. Cultivate chicken embryos and conduct IAVs testing. ResultsClassroom experiment has shown that 5 testing points can meet the standards for inactivating IAVs(3 mJ/cm2), with a required time of 80 min, 40 min, 15 min, 5 min and 10 min. The UVC dose for testing points that do not meet the standards in 80 min is only 0.5 mJ/cm2. The simulation classroom experiment outcomes revealed that 99.99 % of IAVs were deactivated. Furthermore, this study established both a desktop control group and a chair arm control group, both of which yielded identical results, indicating an inactivation logarithm of IAVs≥4log. ConclusionThe study presented that IAVs on the surface of an object can be effectively and rapidly deactivated at an irradiation density of 1.8 mW/cm2. Meanwhile, the study provides evidence of the feasibility of using the GXU robot to inactivate IAVs in a classroom environment.

Assessing Criterion A of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders: The Potential of Performance-Based Personality Measures.

The conceptualization of personality disorder has been refined through recent nosological advances introduced in the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). These advances locate self and interpersonal (dys)function at the core of personality pathology. Self-report personality assessment instruments have demonstrated promise in the assessment of Criterion A domains. However, research highlighting the utility of performance-based personality assessment instruments has been largely absent in these advances, despite acknowledgment of their potential. We adhered to PRISMA review guidelines to survey and assess the potential relevance and utility of select performance-based personality instruments in assessing Criterion A domains of the AMPD. We conclude that performance-based personality measures are uniquely positioned to assess maladaptive self- and interpersonal functioning and may address some limitations of self-report measures. Toward this end, we propose a working model that provides ranges of test scores that correspond to the 5-point scale of the Criterion A domains of the AMPD.

Does precrastination explain why some observers are suboptimal in a visual search task?

How do we decide where to search for a target? Optimal search relies on first considering the relative informational value of different locations and then executing eye movements to the best options. However, many participants consistently move their eyes to locations that can be easily ascertained to neither contain the target nor provide new information about the target's location. Here, we asked whether this suboptimal search behaviour represents a specific example of a general tendency towards precrastination: starting sub-goals of a task before they are needed, and in so doing, spending longer time on doing the task than is necessary. To test this hypothesis, we asked 200 participants to do two tasks: retrieve two heavy buckets (one close and one far) and search for a line segment. Precrastination is defined as consistently picking up the closer bucket first, versus the more efficient strategy of picking up the farther bucket first. Search efficiency is the proportion of fixations directed to more cluttered regions of the search array. Based on the pilot data, we predicted an association of precrastination with inefficient search strategies. Personality inventories were also administered to identify stable characteristics associated with these strategies. In the final dataset, there was no clear association between search strategy and precrastination, nor did these correlate strongly with any of the personality measures collected. This article received in-principle acceptance (IPA) at Royal Society Open Science on 29 January 2020. The accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript, not including results and discussion, may be found at https://osf.io/p2sjx. This preregistration was performed prior to data collection and analysis.

Analysis on The Understanding of Environmental Management Practices among Contractors in Malaysia using Rasch Measurement Model

The rapid development of construction industry in Malaysia has caused a significant impact on the environment and has resulted in increased demand for implementing environmental management practices. This study aimed to analyze the level of understanding on environmental management practices among contractors in Malaysia. A total of 47 contractors from all grades in Malaysia participated in this study. This study also used a 5-point Likert scale for the data collection process. Items in the questionnaire were analyzed using the Rasch Measurement Model to test the validity and reliability of the research instruments. The results showed that the item reliability value was 0.57 and the individual reliability value was 0.89. The value of the item separation index is 1.16 while the value of the individual separation index obtained is 2.78. Overall, person measure for construct of understanding level on environmental management practices ranged from +7.77 logit to -1.30 logit. For construct challenge faced by the contractor, the maximum value for person measure is +6.35 logit and the minimum measurement value is -0.97 logit. For the last construct which is the impact of environmental management practices on the environment, the value of person measure is +8.27 logit to -1.62 logit. Through item suitability analysis, there are some items that need to be dropped or harmonized as they not meet the requirements in one of the Outfit MNSQ and Outfit ZSTD ranges. The Rasch Measurement Model has identified that most contractors in Malaysia still have a moderate level of understanding on environmental management practices. The findings obtained at the end of this study are significant so that these environmental management practices remain practiced by contractors to maintain sustainable development in future.

Correlation study of climate variability, population density, altitude, and low birth-weight rates on the incidence of children pneumonia in Bogor Regency

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the correlation between climate variability (temperature, humidity, rainfall, sunshine duration, and wind speed), population density, altitude, and low birth weight (LBW) rate on the incidence of under-five years old children with pneumonia. Methods: This research uses a combination study design based on place and time (mixed design ecological study). Results: There was no significant relationship between climate variability and lag effect of 0-2 months with the number of under-five pneumonia cases in Bogor Regency in 2018-2022, as well as the altitude variable (p=0.0619). Meanwhile, the variables of population density (r-value = 0.439) and LBW rate (r-value = 0.338) showed a positive correlation with the number of under-five pneumonia cases in Bogor Regency. Conclusion: This research shows the incidence of pneumonia among under-fives in Bogor Regency is influenced by population density and LBW rates. Ensuring access to proper sanitation, a complete basic immunization program, adequate housing, and also personal protective measures are important to reduce the spread of pneumonia.

우리나라의 폭력적 극단주의 위험성에 따른 대응에 관한 연구

Recently, famous politicians in Korea were attacked by assailants one after another, shocking our society. Moreover, the shock is even greater because the perpetrator who attacked the female member of the National Assembly, A, was a 15-year-old minor. Similar cases are occurring in foreign countries as well. Sudden attacks on politicians shock the general public and lead to a crisis in democracy. This is because in democracy, even if opinions differ from one's own, a point of agreement is found through dialogue, and in this process, concessions and compromises exist. Simply launching a physical attack without using these peaceful solutions does not help anyone. It is simply a personal deviation and a criminal act that vents anger and hatred. In a democratic society, freedom of expression is guaranteed to everyone. There are various systems in place to do that. However, finding a physical solution without following such procedures is not the answer. The problem is the structural environment of our society in which such incidents continue to occur. Therefore, we need to understand the circumstances under which such actions can only be carried out boldly. We must identify the dangers of violent extremism that is deeply rooted and widespread in our society and seek fundamental remedies and countermeasures against it. Efforts to achieve this require integrated efforts from various levels, including not only the political world but also the local community, academia, and the media. The argument that in order to prevent the spread of violent extremism should be recognized as a whole-of-society problem rather than the existing state-centered response and that solutions should be found through integrated efforts of the government, businesses, schools, and civic groups is gaining persuasiveness. Therefore, this study was conducted with the purpose of deriving lessons from this incident, identifying diagnosis and countermeasures for it, and preventing recurrence of similar incidents to protect people's lives and create a safe society. Measures derived from this study include: first, nurturing youth into sound citizens; second, integrated efforts are needed to resolve the hatred and conflict prevalent in our society; and third, strengthening personal protection measures for prominent social figures such as politicians. It has to be done. This study is meaningful in that it diagnosed the cause and proposed countermeasures despite the limitations of understanding the exact facts of the actual incident. It is believed that follow-up research on integrated efforts to prevent violent extremism in local communities should continue in the future.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ КЛИНИКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ В РАМКАХ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИОННЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ДЛЯ ЛИЦ ОПАСНЫХ ПРОФЕССИЙ

Annotation. Risky professions are associated with working conditions in which production factors cause a threat to the life of an employee and a high risk of injury. Employees of law enforcement agencies (armed forces, law enforcement agencies, Ministry of Emergency Situations) are included in the list of dangerous professions. Their work is associated with the presence of threats to life and health, psychological and physical overstrain, overwork, suddenness of events with a shortage of time, information overload, etc. Their adaptive mechanisms are often deformed. Among them, one of the most vulnerable is the endocrine system. In order to fully implement all measures for the provision of medical care and rehabilitation of persons performing official tasks in conditions adversely affecting their health, special medical and psychological programs have been developed and are successfully functioning in law enforcement agencies. They include a variety of aspects, among which the leading ones are assessment, consideration of the psychophysiological condition, its pharmacological and non-drug correction by various methods. Modern realities dictate the need for continuous improvement of this system. The proposed model implies the improvement of the laboratory level of endocrinological care in law enforcement agencies within the framework of general medical preventive and rehabilitation measures. It includes several stages (preventive, curative and informational-analytical), which, in turn, are divided into blocks. Each of them serves as an integral part of medical support in the system of rehabilitation measures for persons of dangerous professions, forming a whole multi-level dynamic process. It is emphasized that the organization of comprehensive rehabilitation measures in relation to employees of law enforcement agencies exposed to various occupational risks, in addition to traditional medical and psychological support of activities, should include a mandatory laboratory endocrinological link as an integral part of the general system of departmental medical support.

Whoever you want me to be: Personality and incentives

AbstractWhat can employers learn from personality tests when applicants have incentives to misrepresent themselves? Using a within‐subject, laboratory experiment, we compare personality measures with and without incentives for misrepresentation. Incentivized personality measures are weakly to moderately correlated with non‐incentivized measures in all treatments. When test‐takers are given a job ad indicating that an extrovert (introvert) is desired, extroversion measures are positively (negatively) correlated with IQ. Among other characteristics, only locus of control appears related to faking on personality measures. Our findings highlight the identification challenges in measuring personality and the potential for correlations between incentivized personality measures and other traits.

Special competitive exercises and their impact on some offensive tactical skills in football

The study aimed to become acquainted with the special training for striking and the effect it inflicts on some planning skills for The Force of Al-Jawiya for men in football. The researcher used the training curriculum of the two experimental groups and the before and after control of the tests. The research sample consisted of 20 youth players who were divided into two groups equally. The researcher used a set of personal interviews, test, measurements and information and data collection. The statistical data were processed by the following mathematical means, the standard deviation, tests (t) of the associated samples, and the test (T) of the independent samples, and the conclusions were. the competitive exercises that were applied had a positive room in developing accuracy and time, competing for offensive planning skills. The overlap of basic skills and physical qualities when the planning skills lent to an increase in the ability of the player when preforming the overall plan. The recommendations were to choose more realistic and more capable exercises to respond to similar play condition to its requirements. The need to use different methods and diversify different planning performance, trainings and not rely on one style.

Practices of Personal Protective Measures against SARS-Cov-2 among Undergraduate Medical Students in South India

Introduction: The use of personal protective measures holds relevance despite mass immunization coverage of COVID-19 vaccination in the population. This is because vaccination only gives protection from severe COVID-19 and does not prevent the risk of infection. Medical students can be vital in training people in infection control practices. The study aimed to assess the practices of undergraduate medical students regarding personal protective measures against COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among first to final-year students at a private medical college in Mangalore. Data were collected using a Microsoft form. Results: The mean age of the 302 participants was 21.2±1.6 years. The majority of them were females [179 (59.3%)]. Face mask was worn by 295(97.7%) participants. Non-recommended types of face masks like using cloth masks [108 (36.6%)] and handkerchiefs [7 (2.4%)] were reported by participants. 35 (11.9%) of them wore the face mask incorrectly. Periodicity of replacement of disposable type masks was not done every day by 181(61.4%) participants. 142(48.1%) of them did not dispose of masks whenever they became moist on every occasion. Only 79 (26.8%) always practiced proper disposal of face masks. Hand sanitizer to disinfect hands was always used by 102 (33.8%) participants. Only 42 (13.9%) participants practiced correct practice of hygiene hand wash always. Only 58 (19.2%) participants had a good level of practice. Practice level was significantly poorer among males and first-year students. Conclusion: Several gaps in preventive practices against COVID-19 were identified, particularly among males and first-year students. These issues need to be addressed among medical students in future training programs.

Abstract 3438: Associations between estimated endotoxin exposure and circulating immunological markers among male farmers

Abstract Occupational exposure to endotoxin has been associated with reduced lung cancer risk. Farmers who perform certain tasks (e.g., raising hogs) can be highly exposed to endotoxin. The mechanisms through which endotoxin could confer a lower risk of lung cancer, while likely to be immune mediated, are not clear. To address this gap, we evaluated associations between estimated endotoxin exposure and circulating immunologic markers among male farmers in the Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect in Agriculture (BEEA) study. Our investigation included 122 non-smoking farmers from Iowa, oversampling those raising hogs (n=61). We evaluated 58 serologic markers, including some linked to lung cancer, that were measured using multiplex bead-based assays. Based on an algorithm linking personal air measurements in BEEA and published data to reported farming tasks, we estimated cumulative endotoxin exposure in the last 30 days and 12 months before sample collection. We used multivariable linear regression to estimate geometric mean ratios of immune markers across exposure quartiles, overall and by season of sample collection. Higher endotoxin exposure in the last 30 days was associated with increased levels of FGF-2, MIP-3A/CCL20, and sIL-4R (Ptrend ≤ 0.02), and with decreased levels of MDC/CCL22 (Ptrend = 0.02). In analyses stratified by season, the positive associations with FGF-2 and MIP-3A/CCL20 were most apparent in the winter (Ptrend = 0.002 and 0.03, respectively); we also observed an inverse association with sCD27 levels in the summer (Ptrend = 0.03). Similar patterns were observed for endotoxin exposure in the last 12 months. This study is the first to use novel algorithm-based endotoxin exposure estimates to evaluate associations with intermediate lung cancer-related markers. Several markers were associated with endotoxin levels in an exposure-response manner. Our findings suggest possible biological mechanisms through which endotoxin may reduce risk of lung cancer. Table 1. Associations between estimated endotoxin exposure in the last 30 days and selected serum im Citation Format: Somayina C. Ezennia, Laura E. Beane-Freeman, Vicky C. Chang, Shuai Xie, Gabriella Andreotti, Melissa C. Friesen, Jonathan N. Hofmann. Associations between estimated endotoxin exposure and circulating immunological markers among male farmers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3438.

Стратегические приоритеты развития региональных рынков персональных услуг

. Studies on regional service markets, their functioning processes, issues of economic efficiency, the result of which are personal services and measures of state support for these activities, are considered, but not enough attention is paid to issues devoted to the implementation of strategic priorities for the development of personal services regional markets. Personal services are defined from the position of personalization, i.e. through the concepts of “personal assistance”, “personal assistant”, “individual approach” and “individual action”, the subject of a personal service is a person. Personal services lead to an increase in the quality of services, an expansion of the range of services offered and, consequently, to greater consumer demand. The methodological basis of the study was based on the theoretical provisions of regional management and strategic planning, which contributes to the identification of long-term conditions and strategic priorities for the development of personal services regional markets. It is proved that the strategic priorities for the development of personal services regional markets include, firstly, the creation of a favorable business environment conducive to attracting investments into the region's economy, conducting business in the personal services sector; secondly, the creation of working conditions conducive to improving the quality and standard of living of the population, and accordingly, ensuring the growth rates in the personal services sector at the regional level; thirdly, the formation of an economic environment to provide opportunities for the use of innovations in the development of both traditional and new types of personal services.

A Japanese translation of the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality.

The Swedish Universities Scales of Personality (SSP) is a personality measurement tool with a short test battery of high psychometric quality, previously not availiable in Japanese. We translated the SSP into Japanese and administered it to 103 Japanese nationals. For 11 of the 13 SSP scales in the Japanese version of the SSP (SSP-J11), the Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.50 to 0.82 with good internal scale reliability. A principal factor analysis replicated the previous work by identifying the same three principal dimensions of Neuroticism, Aggression, and Extraversion factors. The resulting three-factor SSP-J11 shows acceptable reliability and should provide informative insights about personality traits in research and clinical practice in a Japanese context.

Parental sensitivity and intrusiveness with mothers and fathers: Associations between parental behavioral activation/inhibition and infant temperament.

Understanding the factors contributing to sensitive parenting is crucial to optimize infant social and emotional functioning. Research has supported the association between parents' personality and parenting quality, but findings are inconsistent when examining various global personality measures. Further, it is likely that the interaction between parent-level (e.g., personality) and infant-level characteristics (e.g., temperament) are more strongly associated with caregiving quality. Most studies examining predictors of parenting quality have only included mothers, compared to fathers. The current study examined the interaction between parental personality and infant temperament and associations with parental sensitivity and intrusiveness with mothers and fathers. The participants included families (n=102) when the infants were 4, 6, and 8months old. Using parent report measures and a face-to-face play task, significant main effects of maternal behavioral inhibition on parenting behaviors were observed for mothers. A Behavioral Activation X Infant Negative Reactivity interaction predicted both maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness, whereas a Behavioral Inhibition X Infant Surgency predicted paternal intrusiveness. In summary, the results revealed support for the goodness-of-fit perspective between parents' personality and infant temperament.

The Role of Self-Efficacy in Coping With the Psychological Challenges of Job Loss: Application of the Social Cognitive Career Self-Management Model

There is substantial evidence that involuntary job loss can have major implications for workers’ well-being. Yet research on coping with unemployment has most often focused on the job search process and progress toward re-employment, with less emphasis on the process of coping with the myriad psychological challenges of job loss. This study adapted the social cognitive model of career self-management as a framework for understanding well-being and psychological distress during unemployment. Participants were 602 unemployed workers who completed social cognitive measures representing two coping sub-domains, job searching and psychological coping. Within each sub-domain, measures included coping behaviors, self-efficacy, and support. Measures of proactive personality, financial strain, and two psychological functioning criteria (emotional well-being and distress) were also completed. The findings provided initial psychometric support for a novel measure of psychological coping self-efficacy and suggested the utility of the psychological coping variables as predictors of well-being and distress above and beyond job search coping in the context of unemployment. The study’s implications for practice and future research on coping with unemployment are discussed.

Touch sensors used in Industry 4.0 to machines in the manufacturing industry on occupational health and safety

PurposeThis study aims to prevent occupational accidents occurring in the manufacturing industry by means of touch sensors. When the occupational accidents occurring in the manufacturing industry around the world are examined, it is seen that approximately 88% of occupational accidents occur from “dangerous movement” and 10% from “dangerous situation.” Although some studies related to safety culture studies, safety studies in design and collective or personal protective measures have been started, they have not been brought to an adequate level. It is observed that studies on dangerous movements continue even in many developed countries. In this study, first of all, a literature study was conducted. Occupational accidents experienced in the manufacturing sector in Turkey have been examined. In line with these investigations, a prototype circuit protection system has been developed that can prevent accidents caused by dangerous movement. With the circuit, its applicability and effectiveness were measured by conducting experiments on different manufacturing machines. The prototype circuit applied in this paper was made based on the logic of protective measures made on sawstop machines used in different sectors. In the experimental study conducted, it was observed that in 30 experiments conducted with a prototype on ten separate manufacturing machines, it stopped the machines 26 times at minimum and 29 times at maximum. On average, when looking at the system efficiency values, it was seen that the system was 81.6% effective, and it was observed that positive results could be obtained when converted into a real product.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, their contribution to the prevention of work accidents caused by presses and rotary accents from machines used in the manufacturing industry by means of touch sensors used in Industry 4.0 was examined.FindingsWith Industry 4.0, different automation systems began to be switched in many areas and sectors. Studies have started on different sensors used also in Industry 4.0 in occupational health and safety studies, but it is seen that they have not been applied at an adequate level. It should be designed in such a way as to prevent errors or stop these errors in the studies performed. Today, sensors are produced at much lower costs than before. In addition, the constantly developing technology provides great convenience for these applications.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was applied for press and cylinder machines from manufacturing machines. This study has been tried for machines producing a maximum pressure of 300 tons.Originality/valueA prototype was designed. Trials were done on some machines by prototype. There could be improve and find different solutions for safety problems in the industry with this perspective.

Differences in olfactory functioning: The role of personality and gender

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the gender and personality traits of individuals and their ability to detect, identify, and discriminate odors. The dataset on olfactory performance was compiled from a panel of 207 healthy human volunteers. The dataset for the odor identification test was collected using a set of 10 distinct odorants, and the odor discrimination test dataset was collected using a well‐established “Sniffin sticks” (Burghardt®, Wedel, Germany) odor discrimination test kit. To assess the Big Five personality traits of study participants, a self‐report survey questionnaire based on the International Personality Item Pool‐Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness (IPIP‐NEO) was used. Here, we conducted a statistical analysis to investigate the role of personality measures and gender on olfactory performance, as well as the relationship between olfactory performance and perceived odor intensity, pleasantness, and familiarity. The findings of the study suggest the existence of some relationships between gender and personality traits and odor discrimination and identification, but not odor detection. Conscientiousness and openness to experience personality traits were positively correlated with odor identification, while agreeableness and conscientiousness personality traits were positively correlated with odor discrimination. The extroversion personality scale was negatively correlated with odor discrimination. Additionally, male participants performed better than females in odor identification tasks, while females performed better in odor discrimination. The neuroticism personality domain was associated with odor identification tasks in males but not in females when analyzed separately. Correct identification of odors was also associated with their perceived familiarity.Practical ApplicationsThe results of this study may have important practical implications for a range of industries, including the fragrance and food industries. These findings may help tailor products to specific consumer preferences based on personality and gender, enhancing product appeal. Further, the fragrance and food industries can develop targeted marketing campaigns using fragrances and flavors associated with particular personality types or genders. Similarly, product testing can also be improved by representing a diverse range of personality types and genders to obtain more accurate feedback. The study insights can further guide the development of flavor and taste pairings that resonate with specific personality and gender groups. Overall, by considering olfactory differences related to personality and gender, the fragrance and food industries can segment their target markets more effectively and design products that appeal to different consumer groups.