Personal Friend Research Articles

Aristotle on Friendship in Association

Abstract This paper argues that Aristotle’s account of friendship can be applied equally to cases of friendship in association and personal friendship. It argues that both types of friendship are similar insofar as both are primarily concerned with the common good that serves as the basis of the friendship. This notion of the common good is what allows Aristotle to draw a connection between personal relationships, the more circumscribed associations, and the political association. This focus on the common good allows one to look to the political association to inform one’s understanding of both friendship and justice in both the smaller associations and in personal relationships.

Behavioral Intention on Islamic Crowdfunding Usage among Malaysian Bumiputera SMEs: Moderating effect of technology readiness

Access to financing is crucial for Bumiputera SMEs’ growth, but lending from financial institutions is reduced due to default risk. Therefore, entrepreneurs often rely on short-term resources like personal savings, friends and family. Islamic crowdfunding offers wider financing alternatives to help Bumiputera SMEs grow their businesses. Hence examining the contructs that influence Bumiputera SMEs' intentions to use Islamic crowdfunding is vital. These factors are investigated using UTAUT theory, adding technology readiness as moderating factor. The proposed framework could provide insights for crowdfunding providers and policymakers to increase awareness of financing alternatives among SMEs in Malaysia.

Die GfM als gesamtdeutsche Gesellschaft


 
 
 The “Gesellschaft für Musikforschung” (GfM) was, from its foundation until 1968, the professional representation of musicologists in all German occupation zones and of both German states. Since the establishment of the branch office in Leipzig (1954), the GfM was politically instrumentalized by the GDR party and state apparatus as well as by musicologists loyal to the SED. The most important goal was the creation of two sections representing East and West Germany respectively; alternatively, the foundation of a separate musicological society in the GDR was prepared. These efforts were intensified after the construction of the Berlin Wall (1961). A central role was played by Karl Laux, the director of the Dresden Music Academy, and a personal friend of GfM president Friedrich Blume. Following a decision of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the SED on April 5, 1967, the GfM finally had to end its activities in the GDR in September 1968, and East-German musicologists joined the “Verband Deutscher Komponisten”.
 
 

CONCEPT IVANUSHKA-DURACHOK: VALUE AND DYNAMIC ASPECT

In the article, the concept Ivanushka-durachok is considered as a national precedent name. The national-cultural significance of the concept is proved based on the opinion of predecessors. The deformations of the axiological paradigm of young Russian speakers are exemplified by this concept, modifications in its existence are fixed overtime. It is argued that the change in the semantics of the concept Ivanushka-durachok is explained by the development of the linguistic consciousness of native speakers over the past 40 years. In the course of the research, the psycholinguistic methods and the methods of corpus linguistics were used. The dynamics of the evaluative value of the precedent concept Ivanushka-durachok is indicated. It is concluded that the axiological and semantic potential of the concept Ivanushka-durachok and its name has been deformed. Its assessment vector in the linguistic consciousness of the student changed from positive to slightly negative. It was found that most of the preschoolers and some schoolchildren do not know the hero at all, do not have any associations with him, poorly represent his character traits, do not remember the fairy tales in which the character participates, do not reproduce the plot collisions associated with the hero, do not have a complete (and some even partial) understanding of the actions and characteristics of the hero and his antipodes, his environment. This is evidenced by the results of an associative experiment, according to which the hero is still recognizable as a fairy tale and folklore character inscribed in the schoolchild’s world picture. However, he is not attributed as invincible, disinterested, kind, trusting in the will of God, savvy, fearless, generous, highly moral. The hero is perceived primarily as intellectually limited, unkempt and unengaging. According to schoolchildren, the character is not suitable for personal friendship. The author considers the simplification and transformation of Ivanushka-durachok’s assessment to be a mutation of the cultural code. The change of axiological emphasis exemplified by Ivanushka-durachok is assessed as a diffusion of national-cultural idiosyncrasy, its unjustified debasement. The results of the analysis can help to correct the work with fairy-tale and folklore texts in kindergartens and elementary schools, be used in the teaching methods of literary reading.

Harmonizing Personal and Professional Boundaries: An Explanatory Qualitative Study of Relationship Tensions from a Critical Realist Perspective

Organisations attempt to maintain the balance between personal friendships and professional relationships. Proof of this is how organisations assert the importance of team-building activities that it has become a regular in the annual plan of big and small corporations alike. The goals – promote camaraderie and create more friendships in the workplace. Yet, organisations also worry that employees will be too close that work matters will be disrupted, interactions will be less professional, and conflicts of interest will arise. The spectrum of friendships spans from initial acquaintances to close and best friends that weave human interactions (Hojjat & Moyer, 2017; Morales, 2022, Sias & Cahill, 1998). This involves shared respect, genuine regard, and reciprocal exchanges that grow as the bond between individuals strengthens. In the workplace, friendships go beyond social connections, fostering support and a deeper sense of belonging (Dietz & Fasbender, 2022; Morales, 2022). Keywords: workplace friendships, critical realist, tensions, personal friendships, professional relationships

A tribute to Lauren Edelman

We have lost a great one. Laurie Edelman was a gentle, generous, ingenious, and generative giant in socio-legal studies. Her passing is devastating for me, for many others, and generally for our field of intellectual inquiry.I was not a close personal friend with Laurie in the way that many were, especially those who worked and lived in close geographic proximity to her. But I interacted and collaborated often with Laurie for most of the last 30 years, especially since she took a faculty position at Berkeley in 1996. We were roughly the same age and our treks through academic life were parallel in many ways. From our earliest encounters, she was for me a constant source of inspiration, a role model, a catalyst, a teacher, and more. These engagements were more than enough for me to witness her ironic sense of humor, her gracious support of others, her love of intellectual exchange, and her profound commitments as a scholar, teacher, public intellectual, and professional colleague. I will not try here to summarize her many, many activities and accomplishments, although I urge people to spend some time reading her lengthy CV, various profiles, and testaments from others to appreciate all that she did and how she mattered. Instead, I will focus my reflections on the various points of direct interaction with Laurie that mattered most to me and qualify me for commentary.

An Examination of the Editors and Friendship of the Tang Songs and Poems in the Classification of the Categories

Zhao Mengkui’s compilation of Tang poems is one of the largest collections of Tang poems in the Southern Song Dynasty, and has served as a guide in the history of the compilation of Chinese Tang poems. Zhao Mengkui, the compiler of the “Tang Songs and Poems”, was born into a royal family of imperial examiners and had excellent family roots and profound academic training. The problem of the different records of Zhao Mengkui’s origin is due to the fact that he lived in a different place of official transfer. In his life, Zhao Mengkui had a close personal friendship with Liu Kezhuang, Li Qianwei, Lin Xiyi, and other literati. It is an important reference value for the study of the compilation of the Tang Songs and Poems.

Adolescents' Online Connections with Friends during COVID-19: An Assessment of the Forms of Communication and Their Association with Emotional Adjustment.

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent stay-at-home orders limited adolescents' ability to connect with friends in person, leading adolescents to rely on digital forms of communication to interact with friends. The present study (N = 168 adolescents ages 11-20, 51.40% female) examined the types of digital communication adolescents used to connect with friends during the pandemic stay-at-home orders and how each form of digital communication related to adolescents' emotional adjustment. The results showed texting to be the most common way adolescents connected with friends. Boys were more likely than girls to talk with friends through social gaming. Synchronous forms of communication (i.e., texting, video calls, and social gaming) were associated with reduced loneliness and depressive symptoms and higher flourishing. Connecting with friends by posting or responding on social media was not associated with adolescent well-being. These results suggest that forms of digital communication that allowed adolescents to talk with friends in real time were particularly important for adolescents' emotional well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Molly Dewson, the women's division, and grassroots presidential campaigning during the New Deal

AbstractIn the 1930s, Molly Dewson built the Women's Division of the Democratic National Committee into a central cog of FDR's presidential campaigns. She leveraged her personal friendship with the Roosevelts to develop a connected, national network of women who became the foot soldiers of the Democratic Party. By designing structures that made women the eyes and ears of the New Deal at the local level, the tactics and organizations she established persisted after her retirement and were copied by Republicans. Dewson ushered in a 30‐year period when women were at the center of presidential campaigns

Debating friendship in seventeenth-century Lima, 1678–1681

ABSTRACT Given its performative functions and polysemic nature, friendship was constantly debated within the multiple political and legal sites of the Spanish Empire. This article focuses on the case of the Conde de Castellar, the viceroy of Peru (1674–1678), who was removed from office after being accused of excessive distribution of offices to his favors. The conde’s case demonstrates that friendship was both a widely accepted aspect of political life and a useful category in delegitimizing opponents. This essay focuses especially on the conflict over the conde’s social relationships and their amical character (1678–1681) as he was accused of manipulating witnesses and judges to help him escape his end-of-tenure judicial review with little punishment. Exploring manuscript records held at the Archivo General de Indias, this study reconstructs the practices and meanings of friendship with the goal of depicting the processes by which personal friendships were transformed into social and legal facts.

L’escriptura recíproca entre Joan Fuster i Vicent Andrés Estellés


 
 
 
 The study reviews the personal friendship and literary connection between the Valencian writers Joan Fuster and Vicent Andrés Estellés. From the 1950’s onwards, it studies their acquaintance and friendship, the cultural relationships between them, their shared projects, and also all the production they wrote about each other until the eighties. It is also analyzed how Fuster became a literary critic, disseminator and promoter of Estellés’ poetry in different publications and how, reciprocally, the poet incorporated in his poems the figure of the essayist and intellectual, making him even a literary character.
 
 
 

The 30th Occupational Therapy Australia National Conference and Exhibition 2023: An opportunity to acknowledge, celebrate and ignite our occupational achievements

The 30th Occupational Therapy Australia National Conference and Exhibition 2023: An opportunity to acknowledge, celebrate and <i>ignite</i> our occupational achievements

Lewis A. Friedland, Dhavan V. Shah, Michael W. Wagner, Katherine J. Cramer, Chris Wells, and Jon Pevehouse. Battleground: Asymmetric Communication Ecologies and the Erosion of Civil Society in Wisconsin

In Battleground: Asymmetric Communication Ecologies and the Erosion of Civil Society in Wisconsin, Friedland et al. provide an ambitious exploration of the myriad components—and the interactions between them—that comprise the communicative environment in Wisconsin. The authors’ central argument is that in order to ascertain a (more) complete understanding of communication’s role in democratic society, it is necessary that both macro-level communication flows and highly localized communication dynamics and individual lived experiences are simultaneously accounted for. Doing so, the authors argue, not only provides a more complete picture of the multitude of messages being communicated and the actors conveying them, but also provides critical insights regarding how actors within communication networks influence and respond to one another, as well as how all these messages interact to shape individual public opinion. While the book’s substantive findings, overviewed below, make important contributions to multiple literatures, perhaps its most important contribution comes in the form of the theoretical framework it advances in Chapter 2. As part of Cambridge University Press’s “Elements” series, the book is short at a mere ninety-two pages (not counting references and numerous online appendices). Yet, despite its condensed length, Battleground packs considerable theoretical heft. Building on the systems perspective (e.g., Chadwick 2017), the theory takes seriously the notion of “political communication ecology,” which the authors conceptualize as “made up of the institutions and spaces that foster communication, from the intimacy of personal friend and familial networks to the breadth of news and social media,” political variables such as parties, elites, and partisanship, and citizens’ ordinary everyday experiences and interactions within their social networks (p. 5). The authors are plainly aware that their theory’s many layers and components equate to a relatively high degree of complexity, but necessarily so, they argue, in order to “ask the same questions others are asking” but answer “them in a more expansive way, accounting for a wider set of relationships and interactions” (p. 6).

The Uncertain Role of Nominations for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry†.

The solicitation of nominations for the Nobel Prizes in Chemistry (NPch) is and has been the first step in the selection process since the very first awards were made in 1901. The number of nominations solicited by and provided to the Nobel Committee for Chemistry supports the belief by the nominators that their nominations are meaningful. In this publication, we examine data culled from the Nobel Prize Nomination Archives for the period 1901-1970 of the variable role of nominations in the selection process for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The evidence is overwhelming that nominations, in general, during the 1901-1970 period have not been the deciding, overriding factor in the selection of the recipients of the NPch. Rather, we posit that nominations from the preselected nominator-pool have been a source of information for the Committee, used to suggest future years' contenders and possibly served as motivation for the Committee to seek nominations for specific nominees for future years. It is also clear that selections are often influenced by personal prejudices, for example, friendships, rivalries, and nationality.

What is the truth? Possibilities and impossibilities of post-hoc labeling a prehospital ECG

Recent studies suggest that up to a quarter of physicians in training suffer from burnout and psychological disorders. Scientist-physicians, cardiologists, cardiology residents, and first-year medical residents seem to be more prone to developing varying degrees of emotional distress. Concerned about the new generations of clinicians and researchers, the authors aim to provide guidelines for reconciling professional success with a fulfilling and satisfying personal life. The figure of Antonio Bayés de Luna (cardiology and electrocardiology guru) is used as the ideal example to learn how to combine one's personal life, family, and friendships with science and their professional career. This can be done in a healthy and balanced way, prioritizing the former while continuing to have an intense dedication to the latter.

Friendship and Spiritual Learning: Seedbed for Synodality

In the literature about learning in general and also with regard to faith learning, the experience and practice of friendship has been neglected. In the early years of the church, and at various other times, social networks of Christians preserved and handed on the life of faith without the benefit of formal educational institutions or strong ecclesial structures. This article explores the potential of friendship to contribute to the kind of spiritual learning that underpins synodality. The experience of friendship plays an important role in how people access, interpret, welcome and embrace truth and in their paths towards transformation. Friendship is considered here as a form of peer ministry. There can be no social friendship, along the lines advocated by Pope Francis in Fratelli tutti, without the laboratory and engine room of everyday personal friendships. Key features of friendship are related to the implications of synodality and to the conditions that support spiritual learning.

Tribute to Ernie Gould

Tribute to Ernie Gould

Factors that Make Pupils have High Motivation in Learning History: Pupils' Perspectives

This study aims to explore the factors that make pupils have high motivation in learning History at Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Bonus. The objectives of this study are to explore the factors that contribute to high motivation in learning History among Year 5 pupils at Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Bonus and to identify the most dominant factor in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among pupils in learning History. The participants of this study consisted of 5 pupils from year 6 primary students in Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Bonus who have been selected using grades which are 3 best pupils, 1 average and 1 below average pupil in learning History. This research instrument is an adapted semi-structured question to collect narrative data which has been validated by content experts and has good reliability value. Data collected was analysed using a thematic approach. This research has applied the Gardner (2005) Motivation Theory in observing the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to high motivation of pupils in learning History. The findings show that extrinsic factors influenced students' high motivation and interest more towards learning History. Extrinsic factors are external to the student and can include rewards, praise, recognition, which can motivate students to learn History. This study has helped identify several important factors, namely personal attitude, teacher influence, friends influence and parental influence which are among the factors that can contribute to pupils’ high motivation in learning History. Factor which is teachers’ assistance has predominantly become the main factors in learning History. Despite the weak relationship, these findings support teachers' attention to the factors that contribute to students’ high motivation in an effort to improve student performance in learning. This study found that extrinsic factors play a significant role in motivating students to learn History. Further research can investigate the specific types of extrinsic factors that are most effective in motivating students to learn History.

Obstacles to patient inclusion in CPR/DNAR decisions and challenging conversations: A qualitative study with internal medicine physicians in Southern Switzerland.

Despite cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and do-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR) decisions are increasingly considered an essential component of hospital practice and patient inclusion in these conversations an ethical imperative in most cases, there is evidence that such discussions between physicians and patients/surrogate decision-makers (the person or people providing direction in decision making if a person is unable to make decisions about personal health care, e.g., family members or friends) are often inadequate, excessively delayed, or absent. We conducted a study to qualitatively explore physician-reported CPR/DNAR decision-making approaches and CPR/DNAR conversations with patients hospitalized in the internal medicine wards of the four main hospitals in Ticino, Southern Switzerland. We conducted four focus groups with 19 resident and staff physicians employed in the internal medicine unit of the four public hospitals in Ticino. Questions aimed to elicit participants' specific experiences in deciding on and discussing CPR/DNAR with patients and their families, the stakeholders (ideally) involved in the discussion, and their responsibilities. We found that participants experienced two main tensions. On the one side, CPR/DNAR decisions were dominated by the belief that patient involvement is often pointless, even though participants favored a shared decision-making approach. On the other, despite aiming at a non-manipulative conversation, participants were aware that most CPR/DNAR conversations are characterized by a nudging communicative approach where the physician gently pushes patients towards his/her recommendation. Participants identified structural cause to the previous two tensions that go beyond the patient-physician relationship. CPR/DNAR decisions are examples of best interests assessments at the end of life. Such assessments represent value judgments that cannot be validly ascertained without patient input. CPR/DNAR conversations should be regarded as complex interventions that need to be thoroughly and regularly taught, in a manner similar to technical interventions.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Well-Being: Welsh Children’s Perspectives

The COVID-19 pandemic saw drastic and unprecedented actions by governments to mitigate the spread of the virus. Often, the restrictions limited in-person interaction and included the closure of schools. To investigate the impact of both the pandemic and resulting restrictions, the International Society of Child Indicators developed the Childrens Worlds: COVID-19 Supplement. This paper reports on the results of that survey in Wales in 2021. Seven hundred and twenty seven children from 18 schools participated from years 6 and 8. They received an anonymous survey asking about their circumstances and well-being across a range of domains, and how these have changes during the pandemic. The children had experienced significant changes in their lives with the onset of the pandemic. The majority could not attend school, were confined to their homes, and were unable to see wider family and friends in person. Almost a half of both groups felt that their relationships with family they lived with had improved, with many becoming closer to members. Over one-fifth of both groups thought their relationships with friends were affected, with younger children more likely to think they had improved. The pattern throughout the survey was that the older children were less positive in their responses. The disparity between the groups was markedly so regarding school with the secondary schoolchildren being particularly dissatisfied with the content of their learning. Whereas there was a trend for less disparity between the groups during COVID-19, the only area where the disparity increased was regarding satisfaction with school. These findings are then placed in the context of developments in education in Wales and research on the impact of COVID on Welsh schools and schoolchildren. As in other countries, the pandemic would appear to have exacerbated existing educational inequalities.