Person Coughs Research Articles

Cerebrovascular Disease and Covid-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Abstract This article covers various aspects of COVID-19, also known as the new coronavirus. It is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The virus has rapidly spread globally and caused a pandemic. The primary mode of transmission is through respiratory droplets when an infected person talks, coughs or sneezes. While most people will experience mild or moderate symptoms, the disease can be severe and even fatal, especially for older adults and those with underlying health conditions. Additionally, the article discusses the immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 and its effects on the immune system, as well as the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and its impact on cerebrovascular disease.

Automatic Covid Detection using CT Images

Abstract: COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel corona virus, can cause lung complications such as pneumonia and, in the most severe cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or ARDS. Another possible complication of COVID-19 is sepsis, which can cause long-term damage to the lungs and other organs. COVID-19 virus is primarily transmitted through droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. These droplets are too heavy to float in the air and quickly fall to the ground or other surfaces. As everyone is aware, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread throughout the world in early 2020, causing the world to face an existential health crisis. Thus, automating the detection of lung infections from computed tomography (CT) images has the potential to supplement the traditional healthcare strategy for combating COVID-19. However, segmenting infected regions from CT slices is difficult due to high variation in infection characteristics and low-intensity contrast between infections and normal tissues. Furthermore, collecting a large amount of data in a short period of time is impractical. Our proposed solution will analyse a CT image of the lung and detect the infected portion of the lung, as well as the percentage of the affected portion. The system will identify the infection severity and will help patients to take essential measures. Keywords: Preprocessing, Segmentation, Feature Ex-traction, Classification, CT Images, Image Preprocessing.

Prediction of respiratory droplets evolution for safer academic facilities planning amid COVID-19 and future pandemics: A numerical approach

Airborne dispersion of the novel SARS-CoV-2 through the droplets produced during expiratory activities is one of the main transmission mechanisms of this virus from one person to another. Understanding how these droplets spread when infected humans with COVID-19 or other airborne infectious diseases breathe, cough or sneeze is essential for improving prevention strategies in academic facilities. This work aims to assess the transport and fate of droplets in indoor environments using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This study employs unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulations with the Euler-Lagrange approach to visualize the location of thousands of droplets released in a respiratory event and their size evolution. Furthermore, we assess the dispersion of coughing, sneezing, and breathing saliva droplets from an infected source in a classroom with air conditioning and multiple occupants. The results indicate that the suggested social distancing protocol is not enough to avoid the transmission of COVID-19 since small saliva droplets ( ≤ 12 μm) can travel in the streamwise direction up to 4 m when an infected person coughs and more than 7 m when sneezes. These droplets can reach those distances even when there is no airflow from the wind or ventilation systems. The number of airborne droplets in locations close to the respiratory system of a healthy person increases when the relative humidity of the indoor environment is low. This work sets an accurate, rapid, and validated numerical framework reproducible for various indoor environments integrating qualitative and quantitative data analysis of the droplet size evolution of respiratory events for a safer design of physical distancing standards and air cleaning technologies.

COVID-19 transmission inside a small passenger vessel: Risks and mitigation

The global shipping industry has been severely influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic; in particular, a significant amount of passenger transportation has been suspended due to the concern of COVID-19 outbreak, as such voyages confine a dense crowd in a compact space. In order to accelerate the recovery of the maritime business and minimise passengers' risk of being infected, this work has developed a computational model to study the airborne transmission of COVID-19 viruses in the superstructure of a full-scale passenger vessel. Considering the vessel advancing in open water, simulations were conducted to study the particulate flow due to an infected person coughing and speaking, with the forward door open and closed. The results suggest that keeping the forward door closed will help prevent the external wind flow spreading the virus. When the forward door is closed, virus particles' coverage is shown to be limited to a radius of half a metre, less than a seat's width. Thus, an alternate seat arrangement is suggested. Furthermore, investigations were conducted on the influence of wall-mounted Air Conditioner (AC) on the virus transmission, and it was found that controlling the AC outlet direction at less than 15° downward can effectively limit the virus spread. Meanwhile, it was demonstrated that an AC's backflow tends to gather virus particles in a nearby area, thus sitting farther from an opening AC may reduce the risk of being infected. Overall, this work is expected to inform hygienic guidelines for operators to counter COVID-19 and potentially similar viruses in the future.

A Review of Airborne Contaminated Microorganisms Associated with Human Diseases

Biological contaminants refer to environmental contamination and food source with living microorganisms such as bacteria, molds, viruses, and fungi, in addition to mites, house dust, and pollen. Temperature, relative humidity, movement of air, and sources of nutrients have influenced the presence and spread of biological contaminants. Numerous living microorganisms can grow independently on each other, such as bacteria and fungi. Viruses (a small obligate parasite) depend on other living organisms for their development and for performing vital functions. Indoor air can contaminate with biological contaminants by a different status, including living, dead, or debris of the dead microorganisms which were transported through ventilation systems, when the microorganism components dissolve in water. They become aerosolized when the contaminants are physically disturbed, like in renovation or construction, and when the contaminants discharge harmful gases into the indoor environment. Most studies conducted in recent years agree that air pollution rates are increasing, bringing more risks to human health, as pollution is related to the risk of heart and lung disease and its effect on children, especially infants and newborns. Also, environmental pollution may have become the most dangerous disaster faced by humans, because it means environment retrogradation in which humans lives as a result of an imbalance within the compatibility of the constituent elements and loses its ability to carry out its natural role in self-removal of contaminants by the natural factors noticeable within air, land, and water. In some cases, many common infections can spread through airborne contaminated microorganisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, measles virus (MV), influenza virus, Morbillivirus, chickenpox virus, norovirus, enterovirus, less commonly coronavirus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). When an infected person coughs, talks, sneezes, has throat secretions, and releases nasal into the air, the airborne infection can spread. Bacteria or viruses spread out noticeably in the air or ground and transport to other persons or surfaces. This review provides the conception of biological contaminants and their properties, nature of the indoor environment, and adverse health effects associated with biological contaminants.

A review article on global situation of COVID-19 at present

COVID-19 is a coronavirus virus that does not belong to the Coronaviridae family. It was suggested that it originated in the Bats and was distributed to the people of Wuhan, China, in an anonymous way. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, COVID-19 is spread through respiratory droplets. By touching something dirty and touching the eyes, mouth, or nose, people can get sick. Ideally the incubation period of COVID-19 virus is between three and fourteen days. Nowadays, thousands of people are suffering from this deadly virus and many of them have been died because of this deadly disease. Symptoms of the disease are coughing, fever, sneezing, and sore throat, shortness of breath, headache, and fatigue. In both COVID-19 diagnoses, samples of upper and lower respiratory tract are collected and tested in a laboratory. X-rays and CT scans of the chest are also used to diagnose the disease. Currently, there is no specific treatment for this disease, and as a result there is a need to prevent the disease from spreading.

The Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dollar Exchange Rate of Pakistan

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) most likely began in an animal species and subsequently transmitted to humans in Wuhan, China, a city of 11 million people, on December 29, 2019, when the first case was recorded. The Coronavirus then transmitted from person to person by infected droplets from a sick person's coughing, sneezing, or contaminated hands. Hence, the purpose of the study is to see the impact of the outbreak of COVID-19 daily tests on the Pakistani rupee against the US dollar exchange rate using Vector Autoregressive approach. The data is gathered from February 26, 2020 to March, 2021. This period was selected, because the pandemic expanded, and the first case was observed in Pakistan on Feb 26th 2020. To verify this effect, a Vector Autoregressive Model was developed. A generalized version of the Autoregressive Model is a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Pakistani rupee devalued against the US dollar throughout the abovementioned period. When analyzing the Pakistani rupee vs. the US dollar exchange rate using a Vector Autoregressive Model, the values of the lags (1, 4, 6, and 7) of the explanatory variable have a significant impact. Besides, under the VAR model, the IRF (Impulse Response Function) asserted the actual impact of the daily COVID-19 tests, as well as Decomposition of Variance was shown to provide for the daily COVID-19 tests just a small part in understanding the volatility of the Pakistani rupee against the US dollar exchange rate. The Granger Causality suggests that the short-term and long-term changes in the Pakistani rupee against the US dollar exchange rate are caused by daily COVID-19 tests.

Utilization Of Coconut Water Post Covid-19 Vaccine For Students Of West Bilah State 5 junior high school

Corona virus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people who contract COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms, and will recover without special treatment. However, some people will experience severe pain and require medical assistance. The spread of this virus also has an impact on health that occurs through the mouth or nose of an infected person through small fluid particles when the person coughs, sneezes, talks, sings, or breathes.The Covid-19 vaccine is a biological product that contains antigens in the form of microorganisms or part of the resulting substance which is processed in such a way that it is safe, which when given to a person will cause active specific immunity. The Indonesian government's efforts in dealing with the Covid-19 problem aim to create herd immunityso that people become more productive in carrying out their activities. Coconut water is a clear liquid tapped from young, green coconuts, which contains several nutrients and electrolytes. More than 95% of coconut content is water. In the implementation of community service, the method used is socialization by explaining material about Covid-19, Utilization of coconut water, vaccines, various types of vaccines. The implementation of these activities was explained with the help of power points and the distribution of questionnaires.

Economic Impacts of Covid-19 to the Tourism in Tanzania

Economic Impacts of Covid-19 to the Tourism in Tanzania

A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY ON PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERIENCES DURING HOSPITALIZATION DUE TO COVID 19 POSITIVE AMONG THE POST DISCHARGE PATIENTS: A QUALITATIVE APPROACH

Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered corona virus. The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so its important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow. Aim:- To explore the psychological experiences during hospitalization due to Covid 19 positive among post discharge patients. Material & Method:- A qualitative approach where descriptive phenomenological design supplemented by in-depth interview as in-depth interview was conducted to explore the lived experiences of study subjects. A total of 7 subjects selected for in-depth interview using purposive sampling technique. Qualitative data was analyzed using colaizzis approach. Results:- Seven subjects with COVID-19 positive among post discharge (Five males and two females) were enrolled in the study. Total Eight themes related to psychological experiences during hospitalization due to covid 19 , emerged from qualitative data analysis were Ignorance, Burden on family, Exhausted, Hope, Despair, Panic anxiety, Anger & Fear. Conclusion:- This study concluded that living with COVID-19 is an emotionally and physically challenging experience for patient participants in the study The findings suggest that healthcare providers should be aware about psychological distress of patients with COVID-19 and should develop & plan mental health interventions accordingly to promote mental health of patients.

Facemask Global Challenges: The Case of Effective Synthesis, Utilization, and Environmental Sustainability

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a rapidly spreading pandemic and is severely threatening public health globally. The human-to-human transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is now well established. The reported clinical observations and symptoms of this infection in humans appear in the range between being asymptomatic and severe pneumonia. The virus can be transmitted through aerosols and droplets that are released into the air by a carrier, especially when the person coughs, sneezes, or talks forcefully in a closed environment. As the disease progresses, the use and handling of contaminated personal protective equipment and facemasks have become major issues with significant environmental risks. Therefore, providing an effective method for treating used/contaminated facemasks is crucial. In this paper, we review the environmental challenges and risks associated with the surge in facemask production. We also discuss facemasks and their materials as sources of microplastics and how disposal procedures can potentially lead to the contamination of water resources. We herein review the potential of developing nanomaterial-based antiviral and self-cleaning facemasks. This review discusses these challenges and concludes that the use of sustainable and alternative facemask materials is a promising and viable solution. In this context, it has become essential to address the emerging challenges by developing a new class of facemasks that are effective against the virus, while being biodegradable and sustainable. This paper represents the potentials of natural and/or biodegradable polymers for manufacturing facemasks, such as wood-based polymers, chitosan, and other biodegradable synthetic polymers for achieving sustainability goals during and after pandemics.

Approach to Respiratory System Involvement and the Symptom of Dyspnea in Covid-19 Disease

The Covid-19 pandemic, China at the end of 2019 and was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, is still a serious public health problem. The international virus taxonomy committee named this virus as SARSCoV-2 and the disease caused by the virus as Covid-19 disease. The disease is transmitted from person to person through droplets. When the infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks, the virus found in respiratory secretions is transmitted by direct contact with the mucosa. In addition, it can be transmitted upon bringing one’s hands to the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes after hand-to-hand contact with droplets produced by the coughing and sneezing of a sick individual.The respiratory system is the system most affected by Covid-19 infection. The virus affects the respiratory system in 3 ways: acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with diffuse alveolar damage, diffuse thrombotic alveolar microvascular occlusion, and inflammatory mediator-associated airway inflammation. As a result of these 3 effects of the virus, impaired alveolar oxygenation, hypoxemia, acidosis and, consequently, dyspnea develops. Dyspnea occurs when breathing becomes disturbingly noticeable. Dyspnea is an important symptom that affects the prognosis of Covid-19 disease. The severity of the disease ranges from asymptomatic infection to critical illness. Dyspnea symptoms and respiratory system involvement are more common in critical illness. Primary care physicians should be familiar with respiratory system pathologies caused by the Covid-19 disease.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Healthy Related Issues, A structured Review

Coronavirus: (COVID-19) is a recently discovered viral disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus.
 The majority of patients with corona-virus infections will have a mild-moderate respiratory disease that recovers without special care. Most often, the elderly, and others with chronic medical conditions such as asthma, coronary disease, respiratory illness, and malignancy are seriously ill.
 COVID-19 is spread mostly by salivary droplets or nasal secretions when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
 COVID-19 causes severe acute respiratory illness (SARS-COV-2). The first incidence was recorded in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Since then it spreads leading to a pandemic.
 The typical incubation time for COVID-19 infection is 2-14 days (normally 5). The common features include fever, cough, tiredness, difficulty in breathing, loss of smell or taste. Occasionally, signs are absent. COVID-19 complications include renal failure, syndrome of cytokine release, pneumonia, respiratory failure, lung fibrosis.

Mitigating Measures and Corona Virus Disease-19 in Bunia Town the Ituri Province Democratic Republic of Congo

According to World Health Organization, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The virus COVID-19 is transmitted through droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. The droplets are too heavy to hang in the air and quickly fall on floors or surfaces. A person gets infected by touching a contaminated surface and then his eyes, nose, or mouth (WHO,2020). COVID-19 affects different people in different ways. Most infected people develop mild to moderate illness and recover without hospitalization. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, tiredness. The fewer common symptoms are aches and pains, sore throat, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, headache and loss of taste or smell, a rash on the skin, or discoloration of fingers or toes. Most people who fall sick with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment. 80% will recover from the disease without needing special treatment (WHO,2020). Around one in every five people who are infected with COVID-19 develop difficulty in breathing and require hospital care. People aged over 60 years and people who have underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, respiratory disease, or hypertension are among those who are at greater risk. (WHO,2020).

COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus which emerged in Wuhan, China in 2019, and from there spread to other parts of mainland China and around the world. The virus spreads mainly through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks. On average, the time from exposure to SARS-CoV-2 to the appearance of symptoms is 5–6 days but can range from 1–14 days. Asymptomatic infections with SARS-CoV-2 can occur. In those with symptoms, most people (approx. 80%) will experience a mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without hospital management. Adults 65 years of age and older, and individuals of any age with underlying medical conditions, are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 and death. Complications include respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis/septic shock, thromboembolism, multiorgan failure and death. In rare cases, children and adults can develop a severe inflammatory syndrome a few weeks after SARS-COV-2 infection. Vaccines are available to help prevent COVID-19 disease; by August 2021, 7 vaccines had been authorized for use by the WHO to prevent COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, with others approved by country regulatory authorities.

Hubungan Pencahayaan Rumah Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tonjong Kabupaten Brebes Tahun 2021

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis which spreads through the air and is transmitted through droplets when a person coughs, sneezes, talks, and spits anywhere. Tuberculosis is still a disease with a high level of morbidity, accompanied by very easy transmission, namely through the air. Therefore, this tuberculosis disease must be handled immediately and carefully if cases are found in an area. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between house lighting and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of ​​Tonjong Health Center, Brebes Regency. This research method is analytical research. The method used in this research is a survey method which is carried out by distributing questionnaires and direct interviews to respondents with a cross sectional study approach. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using the Chi-Square test. From the statistical test results, it was found that the p-value = 0.002, this means that it is smaller than the value of α = 0.05. So it can be concluded that H0 is rejected, meaning that there is a significant relationship between home lighting and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of ​​the Tonjong Community Health Center, Brebes Regency in 2021. In connection with the results of this study, it is hoped that the community will be able to improve the condition of the house according to the criteria for a healthy house. Such as the addition of ventilation holes, glass tiles. This is because the addition of ventilation can affect sufficient lighting intensity and reduce high humidity levels

English

In early January 2020, China had started raising concerns of a new contagious disease caused by new strains of coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, had declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic. COVID-19 was transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, breathing or through contact with a surface that has been contaminated 1 and through aerosols-airborne microdroplets.2 The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 represents a wide spectrum of disease ranging from mild to severe respiratory syndrome influenza-like illness with mainly lower respiratory tract symptoms, complicated by pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), high fever, and headache. In many cases, loss of taste and smell and severe gastrointestinal symptoms were reported, as are cardiac problems, with the latter being perhaps secondary to a cytokine storm such as is seen in the more severely affected patients. 3 WHO COVID-19 dashboard on June 25th 2021 showed 179, 686, 071 confirmed cases worldwide.

Aplikasi Dukungan Pelajar Pandemi Covid Jakarta


 
 
 The Corona virus has now infected more than 100 countries in the world. WHO has also declared the Corona virus a pandemic. This means that the Corona virus has spread to almost the entire world, including Indonesia. The virus is spread through human interaction from an infected person to another through droplets from the nose or mouth when the infected person coughs, sneezes and even exhales. This condition made the Indonesian government immediately make a decision to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19 by carrying out activities from home including learning system activities in a network or called online as an effort to prevent transmission of the Corona Virus. From the impact of the Covid pandemic, it has a very bad impact on underprivileged students, because there are still many students who do not have facilities for online learning or e-learning. Therefore, the author intends to provide support for students facing the Covid 19 pandemic in facilitating the rental of gadget and laptop equipment as well as individual and collective internet packages for Citizen Homes (RW) at affordable prices and open acceptance of donations gadget or laptop for people who want to help students through based applications. web with the Codeigniter framework, namely "NRS" which will be described in this report with the title "MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR PANDEMI COVID STUDENT SUPPORT WEB-BASED" which later students can access the web through the browser and the data. will be stored in the mysql database
 
 

Nature-inspired solution for coronavirus disease detection and its impact on existing healthcare systems

Coronavirus is an infectious life-threatening disease and is mainly transmitted through infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. This disease is a global challenge that demands advanced solutions to address multiple dimensions of this pandemic for health and wellbeing. Different types of medical and technological-based solutions have been proposed to control and treat COVID-19. Machine learning is one of the technologies used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) classification whereas nature-inspired algorithms are also adopted for image optimization. In this paper, we combined the machine learning and nature-inspired algorithm for brain MRI images of COVID-19 patients namely Machine Learning and Nature Inspired Model for Coronavirus (MLNI-COVID-19). This model improves the MRI image classification and optimization for better diagnosis. This model will improve the overall performance especially the area of brain images that is neglected due to the unavailability of the dataset. COVID-19 has a serious impact on the patient brain. The proposed model will help to improve the diagnosis process for better medical decisions and performance. The proposed model is evaluated with existing algorithms and achieved better performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.

Programming Language based Doctor Less Corona Patient Treatment as well as Monitoring

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease whisch split human to human caused by a newly acquired coronavirus. Mostly people infected with COVID-19 will experience moderate respiratory illness and recover without the need for special treatment. Older people, as well as those with less medical problems such as disease,diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer are more likely to be seriously ill. The best way to prevent and reduce transmission of COVIT-19Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using alcohol-based medicine often and without touching your face. The COVID-19 virus is spread mainly through saliva droplets or runny nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it is important that you re-practice the practice of breathing (for example, by coughing on a flexible elbow). At this time, there are no specific drugs or specifications for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials examining possible treatments. We can only protect ourselves from this problem because we currently do not have a cure so in this proposed program we will provide a setup that will enable automatic protection through the installation of equipment and set up electrical equipment. In India, about 200 percent of people lose their lives as a result of disrupted health care systems which means that in many hospitals, the doctor visits patients with a morning shift or in the afternoon shift or on individual shifts. What happens if a patient's health becomes important during this time or when the doctor is not in the market with the patient. The solution is; the patient may lose his or her life. thus avoiding this important situation; we tend to suggest a device that raises the device of an intelligent embedded system that monitors the health of patients indefinitely. This system monitors patients' heart rate, vital signs, and salt water (if any). If any of the above parameters are on the far side of the periphery, this sensible device informs physicians or caregivers and suggests ways to improve the patient's overall health savings. Objects (IoT) sees the way forward to something in any place by anyone at any time. information and communication technology helps to transform digital technologies. The IoT location unit is designed to connect multiple mobile devices to networks. reveals the structural design of an intelligent health care system using the Wireless Sensor Network. Monitoring a patient's health is a common function in health care facilities from home to hospital. In the proposed system, patients carry a set of nerve endings to collect their physical limits. Arduino is attached to the patient's body, assists the deaf and sends sensory information to the server via WiFi. WiFi, which is used in most hospital systems, provides very little interference with the operation of some devices. The server detects unusual cases of patients using the limit value and sends an SMS and email to the doctor with a video-feed. The system allows for the movement of a patient wearing a nerve and the video feed enhances physician communication. Through this program we can improve the quality of treatment for patients who may need ongoing long-term health monitoring.