Permanent Position Research Articles

High-Resolution Rotation-Measuring System for MEMS Ultrasonic Motors Using Tunneling Magnetoresistance Sensors.

This study proposes a high-resolution rotation-measuring system for miniaturized MEMS ultrasonic motors using tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors for the first time. Initially, the architecture and principle of the rotation-measuring system are described in detail. Then, the finite element simulation is implemented to determine the miniaturized permanent magnet's residual magnetization, dimensions, and TMR sensor position. Finally, the experiments are implemented to evaluate the performance. Using calibration based on a high-precision servo motor, it is found that the relationship between the output and rotational angle is highly linear and immune to the rotor's out-of-plane movement. Meanwhile, the angle-detecting resolution is higher than 0.1°. After the calibration, the continuous rotation of the MEMS ultrasonic motor is tested. It is found that the angle testing result varies with a period close to 360°, which indicates that the rotation-measuring system has successfully detected the motor's rotation.

A TRACER STUDY ON THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MAJOR IN MARKETING MANAGEMENT GRADUATES FROM BATCH 2022-2023

This tracer study assessed the employment status and job readiness of graduates from the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration-Marketing Management program at a local college in Kapalong, Davao del Norte, focusing on batches from 2022 to 2023. Using a descriptive research methodology, the study gathered data from 143 alumni through an online survey conducted via Google Forms. Findings revealed that 88.11% of the surveyed graduates were employed, with 46.85% working in marketing-related jobs, 6.29% in academia, and 34.97% in government or non-job-related professions. Employment status varied, with 38.46% as a permanent position, 27.27% on contractual terms, 10.49% as job orders, another 10.49% self-employed, and 1.40% in probationary positions. In the same manner, 35.66% of these graduate-respondents are now earning a salary range of Php.11,000-15,000 and 53.15% of them were able to find a job within 1-3 months after graduation. Additionally, 2.10% of the respondents were pursuing further studies, specifically masters degrees. The graduates rated very high in terms of work attitude, the quality of education provided, and the development of skills and abilities, consistently exhibiting these positive attributes. However, the study identified a notable deficiency in computer and ICT skills among the graduates. Thus, it is recommended that the college enhance its marketing curriculum by incorporating practical training in commonly used computer and ICT software to better prepare students for the demands of the job market. KEYWORDS: Tracer Study, Marketing Management Graduates, Employment

ASEAN at the Crossroads of US-China Rivalry: The Role of Majority Voting and the Introduction of a Permanent Secretary-General

This paper examines ASEAN's need for structural reform amidst the US-China rivalry, highlighting the limitations of its consensus approach during crises. It proposes majority voting as an emergency measure and advocates for a Permanent Secretary-General position, ensuring consistent leadership. The analysis balances the benefits and challenges of these reforms, emphasizing the necessity for ASEAN to evolve while maintaining its core values, ensuring relevance and unity in addressing major geopolitical challenges.

Continuing Professional Development for Physical Education Teachers in China: Basis for Teaching Enhancement Program

In pursuit of life-long learning, the teaching profession requires continuing education for institutional promotion, salary increase, and administrative position. Supportive academic institutions increase their teacher’s professional learning in the 21st century to increase their students’ further education and work as well. China consistently invested in their teachers’ professional development but empirical evidence on these programs’ effectivity is limited. Specifically, there is a demand for more quality professional development (PD) opportunities for PE teachers focused on the following reasons: (a) the education standards movement, (b) professional organizations, and (c) a call for research on teaching. Apparently, in China, most of them have not recognized their leading role and undervalued their educational career. Thus, this study revisited the impact of the PD programs in China focusing focus its lens on the continuing professional development (CPD) of physical education teachers to address the urgent call to improve the PE-CPD. Guided by the global Continuing Professional Development (CPD) framework, this study investigated the continuing professional development provided to physical education teachers in China and the results of this investigation would be the basis for their teaching enhancement program. The findings revealed that most of the PE teachers in China were male, middle aged with relative bachelor’s degree and permanent position, and developing teachers with 1-10 years teaching experience. They partly considered their involvement in skill development opportunities and interaction and collaboration, but highly considered their involvement in personal growth and reflection in their continuing professional development. Their level of involvement in continuing professional development were significantly different considering their age, sex, educational attainment, and years of teaching. Moreover, the found professional development about classroom management very effective and impactful but teaching practices about ICT skills has minimal effectiveness. However, there is a significant difference in the evaluation of PE teachers on the effectivity of the professional development when they are grouped according to their age, educational attainment, and years of teaching. Nevertheless, the significant relationship found between the their involvement in professional development (PD) and evaluation on the effectivity of the professional development became the basis for the strategic factors to be integrated in the teaching enhancement program for the CPD of PE teachers in the new normal.

Locked into a permanent position of vulnerability? Farmers’ trust and social capital with the government from Critical Disaster Studies perspectives

AbstractIn disaster scholarship, there is limited understanding about how vulnerability is socially constructed by a convergence of varying social structural and historical processes that predispose certain vulnerable groups to disasters even before a hazard event occurs. This article aims to fill this void by using Critical Disaster Studies perspectives to explore the root causes of why crop farmers in the coastal region of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta have been locked in a permanent position of vulnerability. In order to develop more sustainable food supply chains, this exploration aims to shed light on the socio-cultural interpretations, experiences, and needs of disaster-affected farmers—the most important but vulnerable actors in the crop production hierarchy in Vietnam. Following a historic disaster between late 2015 and early 2016, local governments deliberately organised farmers into an agricultural cooperative in an attempt to support farmers in enhancing economic resilience and disaster preparedness. However, this intervention has failed since farmers refused to participate in the organisation’s activities. While this reaction may seem irrational, it reflects farmers’ distrust in the government, which was largely a result of their collective trauma from the state’s agricultural collectivisation policy implemented between 1976 and 1985. Farmers chose to cling to their individual working routines out of concern about government supervision, forcing them to take bigger risks and pay for the food supply chains’ catastrophic damage. Our findings show that a strained relationship between farmers and the government can jeopardise disaster recovery and resilience building. Our paper adds to the Critical Disaster Studies literature by revisiting the concepts of vulnerability and resilience, emphasising the importance of addressing socio-cultural vulnerability before improving disaster resilience.

Littre´s hernia: a case presentation

We report a case of Littre’s hernia in a 64-year old woman, which is a very uncommon condition, consists on an hernia whose content corresponds to a remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct, called Meckel’s diverticulum, that results from incomplete obliteration of the vitelline duct between the fifth and sixth weeks of human gestation as the bowel settles into its permanent position within the abdominal cavity. The diagnosis was made from the clinical findings and supported by diagnostic auxiliaries such as ultrasound and computed axial tomography (CAT). The intervention performed was a pre-peritoneal laparoscopic inguinal transabdominal repair (TAPP). The fact that this condition was diagnosed until the sixth decade of age and that the patient was a woman enhances the rarity of this case.

Introduction: Building decolonial learning and teaching through connecting to our diverse pasts: a case for ukuzilanda

The authors of this special issue – Nondwe Mpuma, Martina van Heerden, Khanyiso Jonas and Robyn Tyler - are part of a cohort of early career academics in the Arts and Humanities Faculty at the University of the Western Cape. We are joined by co-author Athambile Masola from the University of Cape Town. We are all fewer than 5 years into our permanent position as a lecturer at our institution. We come from Lubaleko, Kariega, Durban, eMonti and Cape Town and we speak isiXhosa, Afrikaans, English and isiZulu. Our academic disciplines within Arts and Humanities include Linguistics, English Literature, Sociology, Academic Literacies and Historical Studies. The foregrounding of our academic, geographic and linguistic identity positions within the body of this introduction is intentional.

Ab. No. 132 Phenomenological Exploration of Ethical Challenges Faced by Physiotherapy Professionals During Research Supervision: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Although ethical guidelines are available, they are not always followed during physiotherapy research. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the experiences of academic professionals in physiotherapy regarding ethical issues while supervising research conducted by physiotherapy students and scholars. Physiotherapy professionals working in academia often face ethical challenges when guiding their postgraduate students in their research responsibilities. However, there is a lack of published literature on these issues in India and our region. Methods: Ten faculty members from recognized physiotherapy teaching institutions with minimum 10 years in permanent teaching position and at least 5 years as recognized postgraduate supervisors. The phenomenological qualitative study design was implemented to conduct in-depth semi-structured interviews with 10 physiotherapy faculty members using both face-to-face (n=1) and telephone interview methods (n=9) till data saturation. Word-to-word verbatim of transcribed audio recordings were used in inductive thematic analysis. Trustworthiness/ Research rigor was determined according to Lincoln and Guba, which includes credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability are the elements of trustworthiness used to enhance rigor in the study. Word cloud and frequency chart were used to highlight the study findings. Results: Five themes with 50 sub-themes/categories were identified. Identified five themes (1) Ethical concerns, (2) Informed consent form, (3) Data collection, management, and analysis, (4) Scientific misconduct, and (5) Publication ethics. Conclusion: Physiotherapy professionals are facing ethical issues due to fabrication, confidentiality, pay and publish for promotion/degree, signature forgery in ICF, not adhering to authorship criteria, and other issues. To improve research quality, faculty must minimize these issues during supervision. Implications: Physiotherapy professionals should prioritize ethical adherence and be vigilant in identifying malpractices during their research supervision.

Understanding Turkish Cypriots’ Constantly Deepening Distrust Towards Greek Cypriots

The island of Cyprus has held a permanent position on the agenda of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) for decades. The UNSC regularly adopts resolutions to extend the mandate of the UN Peacekeeping Force (UNFICYP). In 2023, UNSC Resolution 2674 reiterated several points, including “the importance of achieving an enduring, comprehensive and just settlement based on a bicommunal, bizonal federation with political equality” in Cyprus. The authorities of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) expressed their dissatisfaction with the resolution, highlighting that “the wording adapted in the resolution is completely detached from the realities on the ground and gives the rest of the world a misleading message.” This article aims to explain the reasons behind the TRNC authorities' perception of the UNSC resolution as detached from reality and misleading within the conceptual framework of trust. Trust is an essential prerequisite for cooperation, forming the foundation of common ground between two negotiating parties. By exploring the emotional aspects of the issue, this article argues that the historical trajectory of events, coupled with the current policies pursued by the Greek Cypriot authorities and the prevailing attitudes among the majority of Greek Cypriots, undeniably convinces Turkish Cypriots that Greek Cypriots would not engage in honest cooperation and would exploit Turkish Cypriots when presented with an opportunity.

The changing career paths of PhDs and postdocs trained at EMBL.

Individuals with PhDs and postdoctoral experience in the life sciences can pursue a variety of career paths. Many PhD students and postdocs aspire to a permanent research position at a university or research institute, but competition for such positions has increased. Here, we report a time-resolved analysis of the career paths of 2284 researchers who completed a PhD or a postdoc at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) between 1997 and 2020. The most prevalent career outcome was Academia: Principal Investigator (636/2284=27.8% of alumni), followed by Academia: Other (16.8%), Science-related Non-research (15.3%), Industry Research (14.5%), Academia: Postdoc (10.7%) and Non-science-related (4%); we were unable to determine the career path of the remaining 10.9% of alumni. While positions in Academia (Principal Investigator, Postdoc and Other) remained the most common destination for more recent alumni, entry into Science-related Non-research, Industry Research and Non-science-related positions has increased over time, and entry into Academia: Principal Investigator positions has decreased. Our analysis also reveals information on a number of factors - including publication records - that correlate with the career paths followed by researchers.

Justice Swapped for Peace : Understanding Justice

One of the main themes in the analysis of the politics of international criminal justice has been the "Peace versus justice" debate. Though it could also help peace processes, the permanent International Criminal Court's position is sometimes regarded as a barrier to them. This study aims to provide a more sophisticated way to accurately evaluate the impact of the ICC by contrasting sometimes opposing viewpoints. In actuality, the Court may not fulfill either function solely.States and international organizations must uphold the obligation to prosecute when it is applicable in order to avoid sending the wrong message about the significance of the treaties that give birth to this duty, which could endanger their own populations and undermine the rule of law more broadly.

Czynnik tajwańsko-chiński w strategii i polityce Francji wobec Indo-Pacyfiku

THE TAIWANESE-CHINESE FACTOR IN FRANCE’S STRATEGY AND POLICY TOWARDS THE INDO-PACIFIC The aim of this article is to provide a synthetic overview of France’s involvement into the Indo-Pacific region, in the context of the protection of important national interests related to the possession of overseas territories. This article analyses impact of the French-Chinese bilateral cooperation on relations with Taiwan. The author points out that France has recognized the government of the PRC as the only representative of China since 1964 and does not maintain diplomatic relations with Taiwan, emphasizing that this is a permanent position, initiated by General de Gaulle, and cooperation between Paris and Taipei is developed in accordance with the “one China policy.” The second aspect of the analysis of France’s policy and strategy towards the Indo-Pacific region was embedded in the broader framework of political, economic relations and military alliances with Asian countries as an element of promoting a multipolar order and stopping Chinese expansionism in the Indo-Pacific area and strengthening its own geopolitical position against the background of China’s rivalry with United States.

Realigning online teacher training modules to COVID-19: An evaluation of the online training module among pre-service and in-service teachers in Pakistan

This paper aims to have a critical evaluation of an online training module among pre-service and in-service teachers in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to provide a thorough examination of the various aspects that contribute to both satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the training module. This evaluation is critical in the process of facilitating the accommodation of the synchronous and asynchronous online models that have established a permanent mark in education years after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. A total of thirty educators who registered for the online training module were selected as participants for the study, in which open-ended online questionnaires were employed as the primary method of data collection. This research employed Braun and Clarke's technique, which involves a six-step theme analysis process. The results revealed the mixed feelings of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with adopting training modules. The motivation behind satisfaction stemmed from several factors, including the pertinence of content structure, adaptability, proficient utilization of media, and a determined attitude. Conversely, dissatisfaction was driven by the inadequacy of the content in addressing issues they thought were pertinent for teachers in the 21st century. The study underlined the crucial role of content design in online instruction, highlighting the need for robust planning to create accessible, engaging, and flexible modules compatible with standard devices like smartphones. The study proposes the ongoing adjustment of online modules to cater to the requirements of learners in the 21st century. This is because online modules have great potential for establishing a permanent position in the training of pre-service and in-service teachers.

The cost of living in Notosuchia (Crocodyliformes, Mesoeucrocodylia)

Limbs of terrestrial notosuchian crocodyliforms are characterized by a permanent parasagittal position similar to that of mammals and dinosaurs. Thus, we expect high maximal rates of oxygen consumption (i.e., high aerobic capacities). To test this hypothesis, we inferred mass-independent maximal metabolic rates (MMRs) in seven notosuchian species using the femur blood flow rate (Q̇; cm3 s−1) correlated with the maximal metabolic rate as a proxy. We employed a phylogenetic eigenvector maps (PEMs) inference model based on 20 extant tetrapod species. Generally, ectothermic amniotes have lower maximal metabolic rates than similarly sized endotherms. However, certain anatomical features of the cardiorespiratory system in varanid lizards enable them to develop a more active lifestyle than other ectothermic sauropsids. We found that the retrodicted mass-independent aerobic capacity values for Notosuchia are significantly lower than those measured in mammals and varanid lizards sampled but significantly higher than those quantified in Crocodylia. Notosuchians exhibit Q̇ values on the femoral shaft higher than Crocodylus porosus, suggesting greater oxygen consumption during intense exercise, but significantly lower than those measured in varanid lizards. This condition probably allowed notosuchians to engage in prolonged strenuous locomotion activities, such as hunting prey, defending themselves from predators or avoiding competitors. The evolution of Mesoeucrocodylia metabolism involves at least two phenotypes, a relatively high (Notosuchia) and a low (Neosuchia, Crocodylia) MMR. Significance statementWe modeled three-dimensional (3D) objects from Notosuchia femora and conducted measurements on the nutrient foramina size. These values were used as a proxy to infer the blood flow rate (Q̇) and provided insights into the maximal metabolic rate in these terrestrial crocodyliforms. Our findings suggest that Notosuchia were likely ectotherms, but exhibited a more active lifestyle than extant Crocodylia. However, they had aerobic capacities significantly lower than those measured in varanid lizards.

플랫폼 자본주의에 관한 고찰

How does the platform digital economy, which has emerged as a new business model, appear in terms of the long history of capitalism? The irony is that there is a tendency to monopolize the DNA of the platform industry based on value-based “network effects”. As long as these companies are born and grown in a capitalist environment, they cannot escape the laws of capitalist competition. “More users → more interactions → more data → more value”. Given that the initial dominance tends to solidify into a permanent position leading the industry, it is inevitably a foregone conclusion that these platform capital will turn into a monopoly.
 So if the state owns it, it will be like China. Nick Surnick's answer to this is a “public platform” or “decapitalist platform”. State regulations that we can easily think of - such as prohibiting monopolies, blocking exploitative lean platforms, protecting privacy and avoiding tax evasion - are urgently needed, but this is a minimal step and cannot address the structural conditions that have brought these companies to life. And with a cooperative platform, it is not powerful to confront strong platform monopolies.
 As Nick Sernick argues in platform capitalism, capitalist contradictions occur and the big flow and direction of resolving them should not be forgotten. A way to promote technology with everyone's ownership, control and democratic participation and distribution as a “public platform” or “decapitalist platform”. It's not new, but it's not like I've ever been, but the path of widowhood still lies ahead of us. It will be necessary for the state to exercise the necessary regulatory power and invest in the development of public platform technology, making it a de-capitalist platform.

Torque Ripple Suppression Research of V-Shaped External Rotor Permanent Magnet Motor

Aiming at the problems of large torque ripple and poor output torque performance of external rotor permanent magnet synchronous motors, this paper took a three-phase 24-slot 19-pole external rotor motor as the research object, uses the magnetic circuit method and Lorentz theorem to analyze and calculate the motor torque, and improved the output torque by optimizing the position parameters of the V-shaped permanent magnet. The output torque was further optimized by a circular groove on the side of the stator teeth. The finite element simulation results show that the output performance of the motor can be improved by selecting the proper permanent magnet position. Stator tooth chooses slot position for Z = 1.2 mm, R = 3.5 mm torque ripple when dropped by 81.9%, up 7.6% on the output torque, motor performance is improved.

Grigory Alexandrovich Pushkin — an Employee of the State Library of the USSR Named after V.I. Lenin

The biography of Colonel Grigory Alexandrovich Pushkin (1868—1940), grandson of Alexander Pushkin, is reconstructed on the basis of unknown materials of the Manuscripts Department and the Archive of the Russian State Library (RSL). The article told about his service in the Imperial and Red Armies, his family and difficult financial situation after 1917. It is shown what bureaucratic difficulties accompanied the assignment of his personal pension in 1923 and subsequent assistance. Particular attention is paid to the solution of the housing problem and obtaining accommodation in Moscow.The Letters of G.A. Pushkin to G.P. Georgievsky (1919), V.D. Bonch-Bruevich (1933) and P.S. Popov (1933), are published in full for the first time, as well as letters from Yu.N. Pushkina to V.S. Nechaeva (1936) and from V.D. Bonch-Bruevich to G.A. Pushkin (1933), which are kept in the Manuscript Department of Russian State Library.Article restores the history of G.A. Pushkinʼs working at the State Library of the USSR named after V.I. Lenin based on the Personnel Files. From 1936 till 1938 he signed temporary employment contracts, while he worked on a permanent position only from January 1939 to January 1940.G.A. Pushkin’s biography is analyzed in the context of the social history of the Russian nobility after 1917 and its adaptation to the Soviet reality. The author concludes that the official persecution of the former elite promoted the appearance of the staff with wide knowledge, proficiency in foreign languages and organizational experience in the State Library of the USSR named after V.I. Lenin. They influenced the development of the library as a research center.

OBITUARY: Tui Rererangi Walsh O’Sullivan: The ‘flying bird in the sky’

In 1977, Tui O’Sullivan became the first woman and the first Māori appointed to a permanent position at what was then the Auckland Technical Institute (it became Auckland University of Technology in 2000). At AUT, she developed the first Women on Campus group. She helped establish the newspaper Password, a publication introducing new English speakers to New Zealand society and culture. She taught courses on the Treaty of Waitangi when the treaty was a subversive idea. She contributed to the change in social and political thought that has brought the treaty—that her tupuna signed—to greater public influence. The justice it promises was a major theme in Tui’s working life. She was also a founding member of the Pacific Media Centre advisory board and advocate for Pacific Journalism Review from 2007 until she retired in 2018.

The Motivations Behind China-MENA Relations: A Historical Perspective

In the first years of the People’s Republic of China, the relations between China-Middle East and China-North Africa (MENA) indicated a relatively slow performance. With the recognition of western countries and China’s getting the permanent member position in the United Nations, the relations between China-MENA entered a new era. With the Opening-Up and Reform policies, these relations got momentum. However, with the leadership of President Xi, these relations entered a more advanced phase to establish partnership cooperation with many countries in the region. This article aims to explore the evolution of Chinese foreign policy toward the Middle East and North Africa. It also aims to evaluate the development process of China-Middle East and North African relations through a historical and practical perspective.

Intelligent Backstepping Control of Permanent Magnet-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor Position Servo Drive with Recurrent Wavelet Fuzzy Neural Network

An intelligent servo drive system for a permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMASynRM) that can adapt to the control requirements considering the motor’s nonlinear and time-varying natures is developed in this study. A recurrent wavelet fuzzy neural network (RWFNN) with intelligent backstepping control is proposed to achieve this. In this study, first, a maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) controlled PMASynRM servo drive is introduced. A lookup table (LUT) is created, which is based on finite element analysis (FEA) results by using ANSYS Maxwell-2D dynamic model to determine the current angle command of the MTPA. Next, a backstepping control (BSC) system is created to accurately follow the desired position in the PMASynRM servo drive system while maintaining robust control characteristics. However, designing an efficient BSC for practical applications becomes challenging due to the lack of prior uncertainty information. To overcome this challenge, this study introduces an RWFNN as an approximation for the BSC, aiming to alleviate the limitations of the traditional BSC approach. An enhanced adaptive compensator is also incorporated into the RWFNN to handle potential approximation errors effectively. In addition, to ensure the stability of the RWFNN, the Lyapunov stability method is employed to develop online learning algorithms for the RWFNN and to guarantee its asymptotic stability. The proposed intelligent backstepping control with recurrent wavelet fuzzy neural network (IBSCRWFNN) demonstrates remarkable effectiveness and robustness in controlling the PMASynRM servo drive, as evidenced by the experimental results.