Permanent Mounts Research Articles

A new technique for the isolation of Demodex bovis from preserved infected material.

A technique for the preservation of infected material from lesions of bovine demodicosis is described, together with a simple method for the isolation and permanent mounting of individual Demodex bovis mites. The technique is based on the fact that the mites float up from pus and cell debris, from which they can easily be collected.

The larval instars of the Holarctic Agabus zetterstedti Thomson (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

[The larval instars of Agabus zetterstedti Thomson, 1855 are described from cultured material attained from northern Sweden. Notes are given on the distribution and biology of the species, and characters are presented which separate the larva from other described larvae of Fennoscandian Agabus. A lectotype is designated for Agabus zetterstedti Thomson, and the Nearctic A. browni Leech is regarded a junior synonym, SYN. N., The manufacturing process for a mounting medium, based on a mixture of two different polyvinylalcohols dissolved in lactic acid, is described. The mounting procedure includes heating the insects in ethanol, KOH and lactic acid before embedding in Poly viol. The medium is suitable for permanent mounting of aphids and other small soft-skinned insects.]

Patterns for normal colon mucosa and colon adenocarcinoma compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

A two-dimensional gel "map" of the proteins in normal cells and transformed cells may well help establish the presence of putative tumor-specific protein antigens, which can be isolated and used as antigens. We so examined normal colon mucosa and colon adenocarcinoma, using a sensitive silver stain. Samples were promptly prepared after excision by rapidly trimming the tissue to a small, grossly homogeneous piece, which was frozen on solid CO2. Frozen histological sections and permanent mounts were also prepared for several areas, to document the cellular constitution and to grade the carcinoma. Sample preparation for electrophoresis is described. The DNA was pelleted by centrifugation (108 000 x g x 1.5 h). Little or no pellet was observed, indicating complete solubilization. Many of the tumors contained proteases, liberated during sample preparation, so protease inhibitors were included. A highly reproducible pattern was observed for normal mucosa. Comparison of the gels from paired samples with histological data allows many of the spots to be tentatively assigned to the different cell types present in the mucosa (epithelium, connective tissue, or muscularis mucosa) and, in most tumors analyzed, detection of a series of spots that are not detectable in the pattern for normal tissue. These apparently tumor-associated proteins may be of epithelial cell or stromal origin.

Quantitative determination of free thiol and di8ulphide groups by a fluorescent maleimide procedure

To determine the quantitative reliability of thiol histofluorometry, the distribution of protein thiol and disulphide groups was reinvestigated in normal human epidermis, labelled with DACM-3 after cryocutting. Microscopical observations roughly confirmed, that living keratinocytes and inner stratum corneum are the main sites of free thiol groups, while disulphide crosslinks are almost exclusively found in cornified cells. Histofluorometric quantitation led to free--SH, --S--S-- or combined --SH and --S--S-profiles through the different strata, that were not compatible with previous absorption-histophotometric studies and lacked internal consistency. The difficulties reside mainly at the methodological level and may partially be resolved--at least in keratinocytes--by extraction of nonstructural SH-groups in a prerinsing step. Permanent mounting further contribute to the realization of normal fluorescence behaviour, as visualized by the decay curves. DACM-saturation of structural protein reactive groups was only reached after prolonged staining.

A method for preparing permanent mounts of phytoplankton for critical microscopy and cell counting1

A method is described for preparing permanent mounts of phytoplankton for critical microscopy and cell counting. Preserved phytoplankton are settled onto cover glasses (or slides), dehydrated by ethanol vapor substitution, and mounted in one of several ethanol‐soluble resins. The resulting

A coverslip culture technique for preparing permanent fungus mounts

A coverslip culture technique for the growth of fungi, with subsequent preparation of permanent mounts for microscopic examination, is described. This simplified technique allows examination at different stages of development of the fungus, or can be used in the preparation of large numbers of similar mounts for teaching purposes.

Euparal as a permanent mounting medium for helminth eggs and proglottids.

The importance of euparal as a permanent mounting medium for eggs of parasites and the process of making permanent slides are analyzed and discussed in detail. Studies show that helminth eggs mounted in euparal exhibit excellent optical and drying properties. Euparal also can be used to identify proglottids of Taenia species and to examine for the presence of Trichinella spiralis in suspicious muscle biopsies.

A technique for C-banding chromosomes with pinacyanol chloride.

A technique is presented for rapid C-banding of eukaryotic chromosomes with pinacyanol chloride. This technique has given excellent definition and clarity to chromosome bands in plant and animal chromosomes. In permanent mounts the chromosomes did not fade after storage for up to two years.

A permanent mounting medium for fungi

A permanent mounting medium for fungi

The Genus Syrrhopodon in the Americas. II. The Limbate Species

Ten species of Syrrhopodon with the leaves not bordered above by elongated cells occur in the Americas. One species, S. incompletus, is represented by six varieties, including: S. incompletus var. perangustifolius Reese, var. nov.; S. i. var. lanceolatus (Hampe) Reese, comb. et stat. nov.; and S. i. var. bertero- anus (Brid.) Reese, comb. et stat. nov. Keys, descriptions and illustrations are provided for all taxa. This treatment includes all known American taxa of Syrrhopodon with the upper lamina of the leaf not bordered by elongated cells.3 It provides keys, descriptions, il- lustrations, synonymy and discussion of distribution, and is based primarily on herbarium specimens. In it, I have attempted to account for all names applied in the literature to North and South American taxa of Syrrhopodon with the upper lamina elimbate. Observations and measurements were made mostly from specimens mounted in Hoyer's solution (Anderson, 1954). Dry plants of most of the taxa included here, especially those with colored leaf bases, are exceedingly slow to soak up water. Con- sequently, all specimens were first immersed in boiling water before dissection and preparation of permanent mounts.

A method of permanently mounting biological tissue cleared in Herr's four-and-a-half clearing fluid.

A technique which should be generally applicable for preparing permanent mounts of tissue cleared in Herr's four-and-a-half clearing fluid is described. This technique involves transferring plant or animal tissues through a series of solutions consisting of Pienarr's fixative, Herr's clearing fluid, chloral hydrate, acetone and finally polyester resin for mounting. Material prepared using this method is exceptionally transparent and well preserved, and is suitable for either phase contrast or Nomarski interference microscopy.

A comparison of methods for the production of permanent mounts of protozoan trophozoites

A comparison of methods for the production of permanent mounts of protozoan trophozoites

Permanent slide preparations of T lymphocyte-sheep red blood cell rosettes

Rosette formation between sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and human thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) is used to monitor T cells in various human diseases. Rosettes are usually counted in a hemacytometer immediately after preparation. This paper reports a technique for permanently fixing and staining rosettes for sereial and comparative studies, a procedure which has probably been less well standardized, less reproducibly performed, and less widely used than many investigators appreciate. The technique described has the advantages of providing distinct morphological identification of the rosette-forming cell and it produces a permanent mount for future reference.

Fresh-Water Ectoprocta: Distribution and Ecology of Five Species in Southeastern Louisiana

covered. One should experiment with preparing both glycerine and permanent mounts. The problem here is getting the right amount of glycerine or permanent mount- ing medium in the well. Too little causes bubbles or air pockets; too much will run out over the sides of the coverglass, preventing sealing. In some cases it is better to have higher well sides or walls for observing either water or glycerine mounts. Two or more layers of plastic are acceptable for powers up to 400 X. EVERITT, B. 1975. Fresh-water Ectoprocta: distribution and ecology of five species in southeastern Louisiana. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc., 94: 130-134. Species collected are Victorella pavida, Pottisiella erecta, Fredericella sultana, Plumatella repens, and Pectinatella magnifica. Colonies were collected from 59 localities in 10 parishes, and physicochemical data were recorded. Distribution was considered with respect to the physicochemical characteristics of the habitats. No published records of fresh-water ectoprocts exist for Louisiana, although several species have been collected in nearby states. Jullien (1885) referred to Pectinatella magnifica collected in Mississippi. Wurtz & Roback (1955) recorded Plumatella repens, Nolella sp., and the entoproct Urnatella gracilis from the Neches and Sabine Rivers in Texas. Rogick (1959) cited records of Pottsiella erecta from Lake Dallas, Texas. Dendy (1963) reported Plumatella repens, P. casmiana, and Pectinatella magnifica in Alabama. The objectives of this study were to record the distribution of fresh-water ectoprocts in ecologically different localities in southeastern Louisiana and to consider possible relationships between species distributions and the physico- chemical characteristics of the habitats studied. covered. One should experiment with preparing both glycerine and permanent mounts. The problem here is getting the right amount of glycerine or permanent mount- ing medium in the well. Too little causes bubbles or air pockets; too much will run out over the sides of the coverglass, preventing sealing. In some cases it is better to have higher well sides or walls for observing either water or glycerine mounts. Two or more layers of plastic are acceptable for powers up to 400 X.

A Rapid Technique for Making Permanent Whole Mounts of Mallophaga

A Rapid Technique for Making Permanent Whole Mounts of Mallophaga

A new approach for studies on calcareous corpuscles in Hymenolepis microstoma.

A simplified method of permanent fresh whole mounts in the study of calcareous corpuscles in Hymenolepis microstoma has been reported. From diverse observations including formation, distribution, appearance and disappearance of these concretions in different stages of development it is concluded that the present technique is far more easy and superior to other methods with which the results have also been compared.

Preparation of Temporary or Permanent Mounts of Microfungi with Undisturbed Conidia

Preparation of Temporary or Permanent Mounts of Microfungi with Undisturbed Conidia

Preparation of Temporary or Permanent Mounts of Microfungi with Undisturbed Conidia

Preparation of Temporary or Permanent Mounts of Microfungi with Undisturbed Conidia

The Life Cycle and Larval Development of Echinorhynchus lageniformis Ekbaum, 1938 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae)

The life cycle of Echinorhynchus lageniformis was completed experimentally in the laboratory, and the adult worm redescribed. Shelled acanthors ingested by the amphipod Corophium spinicorne penetrate the intestine within 2 days, remain attached to the intestinal serosa for about 10 days, and then drop free into the hemocoel. The acanthella becomes infective in 30 days at 23 C. The starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus, serves as the final host in estuarine waters of the Oregon coast. The acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus lageniformis Ekbaum, 1938 was first described from the starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) and the rock sole (Lepidopsetta bilineata) collected in Departure Bay, British Columbia. It is a common parasite of the starry flounder on the Oregon coast in Yaquina Bay, Alsea Bay, and in the Columbia River estuary. The intermediate hosts for only four species of Echinorhynchus have been determined (Yamaguti, 1963): E. clavula (Dujardin, 1845) nee Hamann, 1892, E. gadi (Zoega) Miller, 1776, E. salmonis Muller, 1784, and E. truttae Schrank, 1788. Only in E. truttae has larval development been studied (Awachie, 1966). Prakash and Adams (1960) studied the histopathology of E. lageniformis in the starry flounder and Barnes (1968) studied its ecology in Yaquina Bay. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the life cycle of E. lageniformis and to study its development in the intermediate host. Because the original description of E. lageniformis lacks detail, the adult is redescribed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens of starry flounder were collected primarily in Yaquina Bay with a 16-ft otter trawl and were transported to the Oregon State University Marine Science Center for study. The total length of each fish was measured, the intestine removed, and the contents examined for E. lageniformis. Worms were collected and placed in distilled water until fully extended. A number of gravid female worms were punctured in order to obtain eggs. The eggs placed in bay water and stored under refrigeration were viable for at least several months. The remaining worms were fixed in AFA, stained with Semichon's acetocarmine, cleared in methyl salicylate, and mounted in Harleco synthetic resin. The intermediate host was determined by allowReceived for publication 29 June 1970. ing various bay amphipods to feed on large numbers of eggs in small dishes. After 3 to 4 hr, the amphipods were transferred to aerated finger bowls and held at 23 C. After varying periods of time, amphipods were examined for infections. When the proper host was determined, large numbers were infected and examined at regular intervals. When recovered, immature acanthocephalans were studied alive in 0.5% saline, then made into permanent mounts in the same manner as adult worms. The time required for the development of an infective juvenile was determined by feeding larvae of various ages to young P. stellatus.

Rapid X‐ray spectrographic determination of major element homogeneity in Mazama pumice

Abstract Permanent powder mounts were prepared for X‐ray spectrographic analysis by molding bakelite powder at 24,000 psi and heating to 110C. Spraying with clear acrylic resin maintains surface permanency for non‐clayey samples. Standard curves for Si, Al, Fe, K, Ca, and Ti prepared with USGS and NBS rock powders were used to determine that two distinct textural layers of Mazama pumice had similar major element contents. Ground pumiceous lapilli from the weathered AC horizon (20–30 cm depth) had 4% less Ca, 4% less Si, 8% less K, 9% more Ti, 12% more Al, and 16% more Fe than unweathered pumice in the C1 and C2 horizons.