Periradicular Tissues Research Articles

Effects of Herpesviruses on Proinflammatory Cytokines in Chronic Periapical Lesions.

BACKGROUND Apical periodontitis is caused by infected dental pulp and may be associated with dental caries or trauma, which can destroy periradicular tissues. This study included periapical tissue of patients with chronic apical periodontitis and aimed to evaluate the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to determine the levels of inflammatory cytokines using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 79 patients participated in this study. Periapical lesions were taken from the tooth roots indicated for extraction, and were divided into 2 groups: symptomatic and asymptomatic. PCR was used to identify HCMV and EBV. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFß-1) were determined using ELISA. RESULTS The occurrence of HCMV (P<0.05) and dual HCMV/EBV infection (P<0.05) was significantly more frequent in symptomatic lesions compared to asymptomatic. The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in virus-positive lesions compared to virus-negative ones (P<0.05); especially high cytokine levels were found in lesions with dual HCMV/EBV infection (P<0.05). The level of TGF-ß1 was higher in virus-positive compared to virus-negative lesions, but the difference was significant only in lesions with dual HCMV/EBV infection (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The higher prevalence of herpesviruses in symptomatic lesions compared to asymptomatic ones indicates their important role in pathogenesis of periapical lesions. Expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 may be of importance in the development and clinical features of herpesvirus-infected lesions, while TGF-ß1 appears to be of no significance.

Relationship of IL-1β in Apical Periodontitis: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory process of the periradicular tissues, caused by infection and the presence of persistent microorganisms within the root canal system. When toxins released by microorganisms reach the periapex, innate and adaptive immune cells release significant amounts of various inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interleukin 17, interferon gamma, interleukin 1 α and β, inducing periapical bone resorption. Objective: Determine the relationship between the expression interleukin 1β and the development of apical periodontitis. Materials and methods: A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases, PubMed, EBSCO Host, ScienceDirect and Wiley Online Library. Articles published from January 1, 2017, to May 10, 2022, were searched. Results: 7 articles were included for the systematic review. Conclusion: IL-1β plays an important role in the development and progression of apical periodontitis.

Tissue Reaction Elicited by Neosealer Flo, AH 26, and CC Sealer in Rats

Background: Since root canal sealers are in contact with periradicular tissues, biocompatibility is one of their most important features .There is no available study about the biocompatibility of NSF and CC Sealer that are newly made bioceramic-based sealers. This study aimed to compare the tissue reaction elicited by NeoSealer Flo (NSF), AH26, and ColdCeramic Sealer (CC sealer) in rats. Material and Methods: The sealers were mixed and applied in molds to fabricate sealer discs, which were then implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the backs of 30 healthy adult Albino Wistar rats. Each rat received three sealer discs and the fourth incision site remained empty as a control group. After 7, 30, and 90 days, the rats were sacrificed. Biopsy samples were evaluated regarding the extent and severity of inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroplasia, and infiltration. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Tissue reaction to NSF was generally severe and increased up to day 30, but slightly decreased at three months, although it was still severe, and significantly greater than the tissue reaction to other sealer types. After one month, all rats in the NSF group showed foreign body reaction and giant cells around sealer particles; while, foreign body reaction was not seen in other groups. Tissue reaction to CC Sealer and AH26 was not significantly different at any point in time (P&gt;0.05) and was the highest on day seven and then decreased up to month three. Conclusion: According to the present results, the CC Sealer appears to be a biocompatible material; however, NSF showed higher severity and extent of inflammation and triggered higher tissue reaction.

AVALIAÇÃO TOMOGRÁFICA DO REPARO DE PERFURAÇÃO CORONÁRIA INTRAÓSSEA UTILIZANDO AGREGADO TRIÓXIDO MINERAL: RELATO DE CASO

This clinical case report shows the repair of intraosseous coronary perforation in a maxillary canine, treated with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), through clinical evaluation and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Case report: The perforation occurred in the second session of endodontic treatment during the preparation of the access cavity and was located in the cervical region of the vestibular wall of the pulp chamber, communicating it with the bone tissue, at the subcristal level. Immediately after the accident, the area was cleaned with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, the perforation was sealed with MTA Angelus and the vestibular wall of the pulp chamber was sealed with composite resin. Discussion: Intraosseous coronary perforation is an accident that occurs during the coronal opening stage, characterized by communication between the pulp cavity and the periradicular tissues, including the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and/or gingival tissue. Sealing intraosseous perforations with bioactive materials such as MTA increases the success rate of treating these perforations. However, the long-term prognosis is not yet well established in the literature and few studies have evaluated the success of treating perforations with MTA using CBCT. Conclusion: Clinical and tomographic evaluation after 6 and 12 months showed bone healing and periodontal tissue health, demonstrating success in the treatment of intraosseous coronary perforation.

Comparison of biocompatibility of epoxy resin and bioceramic-based root canal sealers.

The purpose of this study is to compare the cytotoxicity of 2 bioceramic-based (Bioserra and AH Plus Bioceramic (Bio)) and 2 epoxy resin-based (Sealart and AH Plus) root canal sealers on the Saos-2 cell line. The cytotoxicity of the root canal sealers was determined using the MTT metabolic activity assay. The mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2, Beclin1, Cas-3, IL-6, LC3, MMP-9 and TNF-α genes were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the expression of Beclin1 and LC3 proteins were assessed using western blot (WB) method. The canal sealers' total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured using photometric kits. AH Plus Bio significantly increased metabolic activity compared to the 2 resin-containing sealers, but there was no difference with Bioserra. Sealart was clearly the most cytotoxic group. QRT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2, Beclin1, Cas-3, IL-6, LC3, and MMP-9 in the Bioserra group, Bcl-2, Cas-3, and IL-6 in the Sealart group, Beclin1, Cas-3, IL-6, and MMP-9 in the AH Plus group, and Bcl2 in the AH Plus Bio group were stimulated. The OSI results showed no significant difference between the root canal sealer groups. In the study, the best biocompatibility results in MTT, qRT-PCR, WB and OSI were in the AH Plus Bio group. Although Bioserra, the study's other bioceramic paste, was found to be biocompatible according to MTT and OSI measurements, it increased the expression of all genes in qRT-PCR except for TNF-α, and also increased LC3 protein levels in WB. Since periradicular tissues can be directly affected by the materials used in root canal treatment, the sealers with high biocompatibility are being developed. In vitro studies examining the biocompatibility of newly produced root canal sealers are guiding for clinical success.

Root-filling materials for endodontic surgery: biological and clinical aspects.

The placement of root filling materials aims to prevent the occurrence of post-treatment apical periodontitis following completion of endodontic treatment. Materials should possess properties that will not permit bacterial invasion and infection, namely excellent sealing ability and/or antibacterial properties. In root-end filling procedures or repair of root perforations, the root filling materials are placed in a particularly challenging clinical environment, as they interface with a relatively large area with the periradicular tissues. The biological properties of these materials are therefore of significant importance. The current review discusses the most widely used materials for endodontic surgery (i.e., root-end filling and perforation repair), with particular focus on their biological characteristics, namely antibacterial properties and interactions with host tissue cells, together with clinical studies. Properties of amalgam, glass ionomer cements (GICs), resin systems, zinc oxide eugenol-based cements and hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs), together with representative and well-researched commercial materials in the context of their use in endodontic surgery are presented. While the use of HCSCs seems to offer several biological advantages, together with addressing issues with the initial formulation in the most recent versions, materials with different chemical compositions, such as zinc oxide eugenol-based cements, are still in use and appear to provide similar clinical success rates to HCSCs. Thus, the significance of the currently available materials on clinical outcomes remains unclear.

The use of Bioceramic Cements in the Obturation of the Root Canal System

As one of the main areas of Dentistry, Endodontics aims to repair periradicular tissues, allowing the affected tooth to reestablish its functions through its treatment. With this objective in mind, different types of root canal sealers (RCS) have been created in order to improve the healing of desired tissues. The main objective of this work is to analyze, through a literature review, studies on the use of second generation bioceramic cement in the voids of root canal systems, highlighting the essential properties in its clinical use, its advantages and disadvantages, and also compare its effectiveness with the oldest cements on the market. The methodology used was bibliographic research, exploring in sources such as research articles, meta-analysis and clinical trials published in Portuguese and English, selected through the search descriptors PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo. The results of the studies showed the efficacy in the use of bioceramic cement in the voids of root canal systems, since they have the ability to fill and seal, manifesting dimensional stability, avoiding the recontamination of the canals, among other benefits. However, in relation to retreatment, this type of sealer presented some difficulties in its removal when traditional techniques were used, being indicated to associate the use of mechanized techniques to improve its removal. It could also be observed the need for further studies in this area, as the analyzed studies have limitations, due to such types of cements being still relatively new to the market, meaning that the long-term success rate of the treatment is still unclear.

Surgical Endodontic Management Of Maxillary Incisors: A Case Report

In the root canal system, infection of the pulp tissue caused by caries or other pathways is the primary cause of apical periodontitis. The ultimate goal of the endodontic treatment is to create adequate conditions for periradicular tissue healing. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment is a highly predictable treatment option in most cases, but surgery may be indicated for teeth with persistent periradicular pathosis unresponsive to nonsurgical approaches. The aim of this article is to highlight the possibility of the successful outcome of surgical endodontic treatment following failed non-surgical treatment of right maxillary central incisor. With proper case selection and operator skill, periradicular surgery can be considered predictable, cost-effective alternative to tooth extraction and tooth replacement.

In vivo evaluation of apical third enlargements to twice and thrice larger than initial apical binding file in final treatment outcome.

Root canal treatment is a critical procedure in endodontics, aimed at eliminating microorganisms and pathological debris from the root canal system to prevent reinfection and ensure the health of the periradicular tissues. A total of 180 patients with asymptomatic apical periodontitis (PAI score >3) were included in this randomized clinical trial. Patients were divided into two main groups, each with three subgroups based on the biomechanical preparation of the canals using different file sizes and tapers. Biomechanical preparation was followed by intracanal medicament placement, and patients were recalled for obturation and final restoration. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment. Periapical healing was evaluated using the Periapical Index (PAI) at 3,6 and 12 months post-treatment. While larger apical preparation sizes and tapers can enhance periapical healing, excessive enlargement beyond three sizes larger than the IABF does not significantly improve outcomes. Optimal root canal treatment should balance adequate cleaning and disinfection with the preservation of tooth structure.

Evaluating the Depth of Penetration of Calcium Hydroxide Mixed With Three Different Herbal Essential Oils Using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope.

Introduction The goal of endodontic therapy is to completely eliminate the infection and stop microbesfrom infecting or reinfecting the root canal and the periradicular tissues. Amongst the primary microorganisms,Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), a Gram-positive anaerobe, is the main cause of pulpal and periapical inflammation causing root canal failure. Literature evidenceshows that the gold-standard calcium hydroxide is ineffective against E. faecalisdue to its resistance to the alkaline pH and proton pump mechanism. Herbal essential oils such as oregano, basil, and thyme are known to possess antimicrobial properties against E. faecalis. However, their combination with calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament and thedepth of penetration is still unknown. Aim To evaluate the depth of penetration of calcium hydroxide mixed with three different herbal essential oils using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Material and methods Fifty single-rooted premolars were decoronated and randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 - Oregano oil with calcium hydroxide, Group 2 - Basil oil with Calcium hydroxide, Group 3 - Thyme oil with calcium hydroxide, Group 4 - Calcium hydroxide with saline, Group 5 - Negative control. The teeth were instrumented and inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated for 21 days. Calcium hydroxide mixed with respective oils or saline and 0.1% rhodamine B dye was placed in the canals and again incubated for 7 days. Two sections each of 1 mm were horizontally cut at 3 mm and 5 mm from the apex and later subjected to a confocal laser scanning microscope to evaluate the depth of penetration. One-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey test, and student t-test were performed. Results At the middle third, basil oil had the maximum depth of penetration (1377.47±14.1 µm) followed by oregano oil (1345.4±26.5 µm) and thyme oil (1160.4±24.6 µm). At apical third, basil oil (1152.4±31.6 µm) showed maximum depth of penetration, followed by thyme (988.3±26.2 µm) andoregano oils (419.5±19.8 µm). The depth of penetration of these oils was greater at the middle third than at the apical third. Conclusion Basil, oregano, and thyme oilhave good penetration depth into the dentinal tubules and can be successfully used in root canal procedures as intracanal medicaments.

Breakthrough in the Development of Endodontic Irrigants.

The three main components of endodontic success are three-dimensional obturation, pulp space sterilization, and biomechanical preparation. Instrumentation techniques are insufficient to accomplish complete disinfection of the pulp space. It is essential to use additional tools, such as endodontic irrigants. This review article aims to provide a general overview of the different root canal irrigants and their clinical uses. Endodontic treatment focuses more on removing infectious material from the root canal system to facilitate the healing of an existing periapical lesion or to prevent the periradicular tissues from being infected. It is important to note that instrumentation alone can reach every part of the root canal wall. Therefore, the irrigation procedure is a crucial aspect of endodontic therapy. Irrigation requires the application of various irrigants, like sodium and chlorhexidine, to get rid of debris, bacteria, and tissue leftovers. The accomplishment of root canal treatments counts heavily on the thoroughness of irrigation, contributing to optimal canal shaping and disinfection. Modern root canal irrigation systems incorporate syringes, needles, and advanced delivery mechanisms, including sonic and ultrasonic devices. These inventions aim to enhance the mechanical action of irrigants, reaching intricate canal anatomy more efficiently. Understanding the dynamics of root canal irrigation and staying abreast of technological advancements are essential for clinicians to achieve improved treatment outcomes in endodontic procedures.

The Influence of Bioceramic Cements on the Activity of Macrophages of Different Lineages: A Laboratory Study

IntroductionThe repair process of periradicular tissues depends, among other factors, on the properties of endodontic cements. Macrophages are among the main cells involved in this process. Materials and MethodsMurine peritoneal macrophages obtained from C57BL/6 (MBL6) and BALB/c (MBalb) mice, respectively, were cultured with capillaries containing or not Endosequence BC Sealer (BC), Sealer Plus BC (MK), Bio-C Sealer (Ang), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Cell viability was measured by Trypan blue and MTT methods at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cell adhesion, phagocytosis of Saccharomyces boulardii, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were also evaluated. The data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test (P < .05). ResultsCell viability was similar between bioceramic sealers and MTA (P > .05). There was no statistical difference between both macrophages when adherence and phagocytose were assayed. The presence of inflammation stimulus significantly altered the production of ROS by MBL6 macrophages in contact with the cements. The production of TGF-β was similar for both lineages of macrophages. ConclusionsThis study shows that the evaluated bioceramic cements do not interfere with MBL6 and MBalb macrophage adhesion, phagocytic capacity, or TGF-β production. The cements stimulated the production of ROS by MBL6 macrophages in response to induced inflammation, potentially favoring the elimination of residual pathogens.

Elevated serum hepatic transaminases in apical periodontitis individuals.

Apical periodontitis (AP) is the chronic inflammation of the periradicular tissues in response to root canal infection. Whilst AP has been linked with systemic inflammation and noncommunicable diseases, its potential association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels as surrogate markers of hepatic injury, and the systemic inflammatory burden in otherwise healthy individuals with and without AP diagnosis. Cross-sectional study. Individuals with AP (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 29) were recruited. The number, mean diameter (mm) and periapical index of the apical lesions of endodontic origin (ALEO) were assessed. ALT and AST levels (pg/mL) were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-9, IL-10, IL-17A and IL-22 were evaluated by Multiplex assay. Inferential analysis was performed using t-test or Mann-Whitney tests according to data distribution and linear regression models. Data were analysed with StataV16 (p < .05). ALT and AST levels were significantly higher in individuals with AP compared to controls (p < .05). Serum inflammatory biomarkers showed no significant differences between the study groups. Bivariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that AP diagnosis was independently associated with ALT and AST elevations (p < .05). Additionally, the number of ALEO positively influenced AST levels (p = .002). IL-22 on the other hand, was associated with reduced ALT levels (p = .043). AP is associated with higher serum hepatic transaminases ALT and AST, potentially contributing to NAFLD physiopathology in young adults.

The Hidden World Within: Microbial Dynamics in Root Canal Systems.

Several hundred different microbial taxa have made the oral cavity their home because of their evolution in multiple species communities within the special ecosystem. On the other hand, the dental pulpor internal tissue of the tooth is a connective tissue that is physiologically sterile and where any microbial infiltration is a harmfulindication. It causes the pulp tissue to become inflamed, which leads to the death of the pulp and diffuses infection with inflammation to the peri-radicular tissues. Comprehending the biology of biofilms, the microbial makeup, and the host's reaction to infections in the pathobiology of root canal infectionshas received a lot of attention throughout the last few decades. Such comprehensive knowledge is required to design preventive medicines as well as clinically effective treatment regimens. Surprisingly, clinical approaches have concentrated more on radiographically perfecting channel preparation than on debridement of these intricate root canal systems, despite the clear realization that root canal infections are biofilm mediated. Since the present comprehension of the microbial etiopathogenesis of apical periodontitis highlights the significance of focusing on procedures such as "canal cleaning" and chemo-mechanical disinfection, the exclusive purpose of endodontic therapy is mainly missed while discussing "canal shaping."We thoroughly examine the state of our knowledge of the composition and functional traits of the root canal microbiome in this review. We also go into the difficulties with root canal disinfection and the cutting-edge approaches that try to solve these difficulties. In conclusion, we present essential guidance for prospective research areas, underscoring their significance as crucial considerations in the field of frontiers in oral health.

Surgical Treatment of Radicular Cysts Related to Permanent Upper Right Central and Lateral Incisors Using Platelet-Rich Fibrin

Introduction An apicoectomy involves surgical intervention to treat a tooth afflicted with a periapical lesion that remains unresolved despite standard endodontic procedures. The primary objective of apical surgery is to prevent the spread of bacteria and their associated by-products from the root canal system into the surrounding periradicular tissues. This research endeavours to underscore the potential efficacy of endodontic surgical intervention in cases where nonsurgical treatment of the right maxillary anterior teeth is ineffective. Key Words Apicectomy, Enucleation, Platelet rich fibrin, Radicular cyst, Retrograde filling

Comparative assessment of the prognostic value of laser assisted root canal treatment and conventional root canal treatment

: Endodontics is a branch of dentistry which deals with complex architecture of dental root associated pathology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental pulp and associated periradicular tissue. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of prognostic value of laser-assisted root canal treatment (LART) and conventional root canal treatment (RCT).: A retrospective analysis of 50 cases equally divided between Laser-assisted root canal treatment (LART) and conventional RCT, was done using Clinician-reported Outcome (ClinRo) protocol by modifying Chugal et al scoring criteria. : Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney U tests revealed no significant correlation between gender and total treatment quality score. However, significant correlation was found between treatment modalities, and with laser assisted RCT treatment it showed a superior correlation and better prognostic results.: The radiographic analysis focused on periapical lesions and root canal filling quality. Laser-assisted RCT demonstrated a higher proportion of complete healing cases for periapical lesions and improved root canal filling quality compared to conventional RCT. : The study supports the potential benefit of laser assisted RCT in non-surgical endodontic interventions. Laser-assisted RCT showed better prognosis in terms of periapical healing and root canal filling quality when compared to conventional RCT. The study encourages further research and clinical validation to establish laser assisted RCT as a viable option in endodontic therapy.

Physical training attenuates systemic cytokine response and tissue damage triggered by apical periodontitis

Apical periodontitis (AP) is a condition characterized by inflammatory and infectious components in the tooth canal. AP affects periradicular tissues and has systemic repercussions. Physical exercise is a structured activity that requires cardiorespiratory function, and can modulate the inflammatory profile in pathological conditions. As a result, this study aimed to determine the effects of aerobic physical training (PT) on the alveolar bone with and without AP, and its systemic inflammatory repercussions. AP was induced in the mandibular first molars, and PT was performed on a treadmill for five consecutive days over four weeks, with progressive increases in speed and activity time. Blood samples were collected to determine serum cytokine levels using immunoassays, and alveolar bone samples were collected for histopathological evaluation, lesion volume and microarchitecture assessment using computed microtomography. Animals with AP had increased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels compared to those without AP; however, these levels were attenuated or restored by PT. Compared to the AP group, the AP + PT group had a smaller lesion volume and greater preservation of the bone trabeculae in the remaining alveolar bone surrounding the lesion. In overall, PT minimized the severity of AP proving to be a valid strategy for individuals undergoing endodontic treatment.

Contemporary comprehension of root canal biofilms and future perspectives: Part 1

Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory response of the periradicular tissues to microbial infection of the root canal system (intraradicular infection) or to biofilms attached to the external surface of the root (extraradicular infection). Over the past few decades, our understanding of how microbiota initiate, progress, and sustain disease has been well characterized. In parallel, state-of-the-art approaches have attempted to demonstrate the spatiotemporal complexity of biofilm communities both within the tooth and elsewhere in the body. Despite all this research, translation of such critical knowledge into biofilm management in endodontics has been minimal, in part because of lack of directional clarity. The purpose of this commissioned review is to highlight our current understanding of root canal microbial communities as a cause of pulpal and periradicular disease. While several reviews have been written on this topic, few have delved deep into the biogeography, assembly, and functional profile, a void which this review will attempt to fill. The authors hope that this review will open out-of-the-box thinking and newer perspectives in biofilm management in endodontic treatments.

Laser Photobiomodulation as Noninvasive Therapeutic Modality in Pediatric Endodontics: A Comprehensive Review

Endodontics is evolving with modern innovations for conservatively managing the various dental problems involving pulpal or periradicular tissue of primary and permanent teeth. Lasers have been reported with favorable clinical evidence, particularly in tackling the endodontic problems effectively. Recently, the application of lasers in the form of photobiomodulation therapy or low-level laser therapy has been reported in many recent scientific studies/researches with successful results. Hence, this narrative review critically appraise the existing scientific literature and highlights the photobiomodulation technique of lasers as noninvasive therapeutic modality in different pediatric endodontic therapies or procedures (direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, noninvasive treatment of periapical lesion, regenerative endodontics, postendodontic pain management, etc.).

Assessment of microbial reduction following rapid chair-side sterilization of contaminated endodontic files

Background. Endodontic treatment is carry out in order to preserve a tooth whose pulp has been damaged where the injury extends to the peri-radicular tissue. The endodontic treatment is cleaning, disinfection of the root canal space and shaping it, followed by the obturation of the root canal system. The presence and re-entry of microbes inside the canal is the main reason for post-treatment infections, which is considered as an endodontic failure. Therefore, disinfection throughout the treatment is very important. The aims of the study were to find microbial growth on brand sealed endodontic files, taken directly from the manufacture's packages, compare between different chemical compounds in rapid sterilization of contaminated endodontic files and determine the most effective chemical method in the sterilization. Methods. The present study was performed to compare between different chemical compounds: 3% sodium hypochlorite, dendroid, chloroX and saline as the positive control in rapid sterilization of endodontic files in root canal treatment in dental practice using sealed endodontic files, taken directly from the manufacture's packages and sterile K-files sterilize by autoclaving. Results. The results of this study, concerning E. coli bacteria, indicated that Dentroid scored the best results (90% free of any E. coli bacteria), followed by CHX (20% free of E. coli bacteria), then 3% NaOCL (10% free of E. coli bacteria). The results, concerning S. aureus, showed that normal saline and 3% NaOCL scored the highest contamination percentages (100%). While least and equal distribution of CHX and dentroid (90% free of S. Aureus). Conclusion. The disinfecting solutions as CHX and Dentroid could be used as a method of rapid chair-side sterilization in clinical practice.