Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method Research Articles

Seasonal dynamics of Shatavarin-IV, a potential biomarker of Asparagus racemosus by HPTLC: Possible validation of the ancient Ayurvedic text.

The medicinal property of Asparagus racemosus is primarily attributed to its constituent steroidal saponins, particularly the major component, shatavarin-IV. Thus, it can serve as a biomarker and its level can decide of the utility of the plant cultivar as a drug. Hence, a sensitive, reliable and quantitative High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method has been established for quantification of shatavarin-IV in the methanolic extracts of the roots collected in both summer and rainy seasons. The extracts of the powders of dried roots were applied to silica gel 60 F 254 aluminum-supported precoated TLC plates and developed with n-hexane: ethyl acetate: methanol, 80:10:10 (v/v), as the mobile phase. Shatavarin-IV was detected and quantified by densitometry at λ = 336 nm. The accuracy of the method was checked by conducting recovery studies at three different levels of shatavarin-IV. The average recovery was found to be 101% and 107% for summer and rainy seasons respectively. The shatavarin-IV contents, as estimated by the proposed method were 12.5 μg gm -1 and 10.9 μg gm -1 in summer and rainy roots respectively. The entire method was performed six times (n=6) to check the repeatability. The proposed HPTLC method for quantitative monitoring of shatavarin-IV in A. racemosus roots collected in different seasons strictly adhered to the validation issues laid down by the ICH guidelines. The method is reliable reproducible and highly precise and selective.

Validated Stability Indicating HPTLC and UV-Spectrophotometric Techniques for the Determination of Avanafil

Aims: To develop methods with complete validation according to ICH guidelines and to be applied for the determination of avanafil in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulation in the presence of its degradation products.
 Study Design: High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and different spectrophotometric methods (dual wavelength, first derivative, first derivative of ratio spectra and ratio difference are developed for simultaneous determination of avanafil in laboratory-prepared mixtures of avanafil with its degradation products and in pharmaceutical formulation.
 Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, between May 2019 and September 2019.
 Methodology: Two techniques have been developed for the determination of avanafil in the presence of its degradation products. The first was HPTLC where separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 plates, with chloroform: toluene: methanol: conc. ammonia (6:5:3:0.1, by volume) as a developing system and UV detection at 230 nm. The second one was UV- spectrophotometry which included dual wavelength between 267 and 292 nm, first derivative determination of the drug at 261 nm, first derivative of ratio of peak amplitudes at 275.6, 305.4 and 329 nm and the ratio difference with the amplitude difference between (266 and 250 nm).
 Results: HPTLC method was applied over the concentration range of 0.5-5. μg/spot, while spectrophotometric methods were linear over the concentration range 5-50 μg/mL for avanafil.
 Conclusion: Novel, simple and accurate method for the determination of avanafil in laboratory-prepared mixtures of avanafil with its degradation products and in pharmaceutical formulation.

A VALIDATED HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR LOSARTAN POTASSIUM AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN COMBINATION

A high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been reported for estimation of losartan potassium with hydrochlorothiazide in combination. The analytes were resolved on precoated silica gel 60 F254 TLC plates prewashed with methanol using solvent system composition of chloroform: Methanol : Ethyl acetate (4:2:2 v/v/v) with 15 min time of saturation. The analytes were tracked down at 255 nm. The components were resolved with retention factor of losartan potassium (0.59 ± 1.98) and hydrochlorothiazide (0.83 ± 1.95). The method assured linearity in the concentration range of 600-1000 ng/spot for losartan potassium and 300-500 ng/spot for hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. Accuracy of method was assessed and found upto 100 % ± <2. The method assured high degree of precision. The robustness was confirmed by deliberately varying the parameters like composition of mobile phase, mobile phase volume, detection wavelength, chamber saturation time.

Development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the quantitative analysis of vitexin in Passiflora foetida herbal formulations

The aim of this study is the development of validated HPTLC method for the quantification of vitexin from Passiflora foetida commercial herbal formulations. The developed method was validated, in accordance with ICH guidelines for precision, accuracy, specificity and robustness. The plate was developed using ethyl acetate:methanol:water:formic acid 30:4:2:1(%, v/v/v/v) on 20 × 10 cm glass coated silica gel 60 F254 plates and the developed plate was scanned and quantified densitometrically at λ = 340 nm. Linear regression analysis revealed a good linear relationship between peak area and amount of vitexin in the range of 100–700 ng/spot. The amount of vitexin in nine commercial herbal formulations was successfully quantified by the developed HPTLC method. The developed and validated high performance thin layer chromatographic method offers a new sensitive and reliable tool for quantification of vitexinin in various herbal formulations containing Passiflora foetida.

A 1D High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Method Validated to Quantify Phospholipids Including Cardiolipin and Monolysocardiolipin from Biological Samples

AbstractThe aim of this study is to identify high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) conditions allowing the separation and quantification of mammalian cellular phospholipids (PLs) (sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and especially phosphatidic acid, cardiolipin, and monolysocardiolipin, these latter two being specifically located in mitochondria membranes). In order to make this method faster and easier, a 1D HPTLC method is chosen, testing several eluents as well as several staining methods. A pre‐conditioning of HPTLC plates with boric acid and a copper staining reagent followed by carbonization are selected for the quality of PL separation and homogeneity of staining. The selected conditions are discussed and the method validation is performed according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Linearity is effective between 1 and 8 µg and limit of quantification is between 0.5 and 2.3 µg depending on PL classes. Precision measurements show coefficients of variation <6%, and when amounts are close to the detection limit, <12%. Lipid extracts of tumor cell lines or isolated mitochondria are used to assess PL profiles. This shows that the HPTLC method can be used routinely to follow level variations of PLs.Practical Applications: The changes in PL composition play a crucial role in tumor processes and regulate cellular functions modulating cellular signaling or mitochondrial metabolism. The simple and cost‐effective 1D HPTLC method that is developed is applied to lipid extracts of whole tumor cells or hepatocyte‐isolated mitochondria. It is sensitive as well as precise to detect variations of phosphatidic acid or cardiolipin levels linked to physio‐pathological conditions. It can also be used to investigate the composition changes of other membrane PLs. Moreover, with a simultaneous analysis of 14 samples/standards on the same plate (six plates per day), this method is adapted for large series of samples.

DEVELOPMENT A VALIDATED HPTLC METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF LINALOOL IN THE OILS AND EXTRACTS OF SAUDI ARABIAN OCIMUM BASILICUM AND LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA

Linalool is an important constituents found in the many Lamiaceae herbs. Ocimum basilicum and Lavandula angustifolia are parts of the several Arabs foods, traditional medicine and homemade formulations. Though, the lack of operative quality control methods for the selection of quality raw materials and formulations having linalool. A validated high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and applied for the quantification of linalool in the essential oils and alcoholic extracts of O. basilicum and L. angustifolia from Saudi Arab local markets. Silica gel 60F-254 pre-coated plates (10 × 10 cm²) were selected for the separation and analysis of linalool compound. The mobile phase, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (8: 2, v/v), wavelength at 460 nm, and Rf (0.31) value were used for the separation, detection and quantification of linalool respectively. The developed method was validated for linearity (R² = 0.9988), limit of detection (LOD) (6.99 ng), limit of quantification (LOQ) (14.05 ng), accuracy (% recovery =99.58 ± 0.38), and precision (RSD <1%). The amount of Linalool was found to be 170 µg/g and 2900 µg/g in the alcoholic extract and essential oil of O. basilicum and 120 µg/g and 1400 µg/g of alcoholic extract and essential oil of L. angustifolia respectively. The developed HPTLC method was found to be accurate, sensitive, precise, and suitable for the quantification of linalool in the herbal formulations containing these herbs.

Identification of Phenyl Alanine Ammonia Lyase Gene Involved in the Synthesis of Anacardic Acid in Anacardium occidentale L.

Anacardic acids, a class of medicinally and industrially important phenolic compounds is found in a variety of dicotyledonous families chiefly in Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) shows a dominant role in the biosynthesis of poly phenolic compounds, which are involved in the defense mechanism in harsh environments related to various stimuli. The current study was conducted to find out the presence of anacardic acid in ethyl acetate extract of young leaves of cashew using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method and the presence of phenyl alanine ammonia lyase gene also plays a role in the biosynthesis of anacardic acid in young leaves was also confirmed by cDNA synthesis from a cellular mRNA template connected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Determination of Amlodipine Besilate and Azilsartan Medoxomil by UHPLC, HPTLC and Spectrophotometric Techniques

Aims: To develop methods with complete validation according to ICH guidelines and to be applied for the determination of both drugs in laboratory prepared mixtures and in synthetic tablets.&#x0D; Study Design: Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and visible spectrophotometric methods are developed for determination of amlodipine besilate and azilsartan medoxomil in laboratory-prepared mixtures and in synthetic tablets.&#x0D; Methodology: Two techniques have been developed for the simultaneous determination of amlodipine besilate and azilsartan medoxomil in pure form and synthetic tablets. The first was UHPLC in which separation was achieved on a C18 column using 0.1% o-phosphoric acid - acetonitrile - methanol (60:10:30, by volume) as mobile phase with detection at 243nm. The second was HPTLC where separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 plates using chloroform- tolune-methanol-glacial acetic acid (7: 1.5: 1.5: 0.5 by volume) as a developing system and UV detection at 243nm. In addition, visible- spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of amlodipine besilate in presence of azilsartan medoxomil through formation of yellowish orange colored product after reaction of amlodipine besilate with anisaldehde in acid medium with λmax at 443 nm.&#x0D; Results: UHPLC method was linear over the concentration ranges of 2-20 μg/ mL and 4-40 μg/ mL while HPTLC method was linear over the concentration ranges of 0.2 -4.0 μg/ spot and 0.5-8.0 μg/ spot for amlodipine besilate and azilsartan medoxomil, respectively. The visible spectrophotometric method was found to be valid over the concentration range of 10–80 μg/mL for amlodipine besilate.&#x0D; Conclusion: The proposed three techniques are rapid, accurate and precise, thus can be effectively applied for the routine estimation of both drugs in bulk and in their combined formulations.

A NEW HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Objective: To develop a new simple, selective and precise high-performance thin layer chromatographic method for determination of Dapagliflozin (DAPA) in bulk and tablet dosage form&#x0D; Methods: The present study describes development and validation of High performance thin layer chromatographic method for DAPA. The chromatographic separation was carried out on Merck precoated silica gel aluminium plate 60 F254 using Chloroform: Methanol (9:1v/v) as mobile phase. Quantitative determination of drug was carried out by densitometric scanning of plates at 223 nm using Camag TLC Scanner.&#x0D; Results: The chromatographic condition shows compact band with the retention factor for dapaglifloxin as 0.21 ± 0.004. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. Response was found to be linear in the concentration range of 400 ng/ band to 1200 ng/band with linear regression value of 0.9953 with respect to peak area and concentration value The LOD and LOQ was found to be 1.2083 ng/band and 3.6616ng/ band. The percentage assay was found to be 100±0.05.&#x0D; Conclusion: This method under statistical analysis proved a selective, repeatable and accurate analysis of the drug. This method can be used for quantitative analysis of dapaglifloxin in the bulk drug and in tablet.&#x0D; &#x0D;

A Validated HPTLC Densitometric Method for Determination of Lupeol, β-Sitosterol and Rotenone in Tephrosia purpurea: A Seasonal Study.

Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers., commonly known as "sarpunkha" and "wild indigo", is being used in traditional systems of medicine to treat liver disorders, spleen and kidney. In the present study, a validated High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method was established for the estimation of lupeol, β-sitosterol and rotenone in various extracts of T. purpurea with the aim to see the effect of seasons on the quantity of aforesaid phytoconstituents. The plant material was collected in summer (April), rainy (August) and winter (December) during 2013-2014 from Lucknow, India. The method was validated in terms of precision, repeatability, specificity, sensitivity linearity and robustness. The method permits reliable quantification and showed good resolution on silica gel with toluene-ethyl acetate-formic acid (9:1:1v/v/v) as mobile phase, and characteristic bands of β-sitosterol, rotenone and lupeol were observed at Rf 0.38, 0.45 and 0.52, respectively. The content of aforesaid phytoconstituents varies from season to season and extract to extract. Our finding indicated that winter season (December) may not be appropriate for collection of T. purpurea for the preparation of therapeutic formulations because of the high content of rotenone, a known insecticide that is responsible for Parkinson's disease and associated with heart failure, fatty liver and liver necrosis.

Stability Indicating TLC Method for Quantification of Brexpiprazole in Bulk and Its Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Determination of Content Uniformity.

A sensitive, selective and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the quantification of Brexpiprazole in bulk drug and in pharmaceutical dosage form. The method employed HPTLC aluminum plates (pre-coated with silica gel 60 F254) as stationary phase while n-butanol was used as mobile phase. The Rf value of Brexpiprazole was observed to be 0.38. The densitometric analysis was carried out in absorbance mode at 215 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed a good linear relationship for Brexpiprazole over a concentration range of 200-1,600 ng band-1. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for Brexpiprazole was found to be 66 and 200 ng band-1. To find out the possible degradation pathway, forced degradation studies were performed. The stock solutions of Brexpiprazole (1,000 μg mL-1) were subjected to acid and alkali hydrolysis, chemical oxidation, dry heat degradation and photo degradation. The drug was found to be susceptible to acid and alkali hydrolysis, chemical oxidation, photo degradation and dry heat. The degraded product peaks were well resolved from the pure drug peak with significant difference in their Rf values. Stressed samples were analyzed using developed HPTLC method. The proposed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The method was successfully applied to the estimation of Brexpiprazole in marketed formulation and determination of content uniformity of tablet formulation. Statistical analysis showed that the method is repeatable, selective, and precise.

Development of a high performance thin layer chromatography method for the rapid qualification and quantification of phenolic compounds and abscisic acid in honeys

Honey is a natural product with a complex chemical composition consisting of sugars and other bioactive compounds. It is important in many traditional systems of medicine, exhibiting interesting bioactivities, in particular antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Authentication of botanical origin of honeys is particularly important in this context. Therefore, methods for quality control of honey and detection of its adulteration are very important.A HPTLC method for the quantitative determination of phenolic compounds in honey was developed for the first time. Seven phenolic compounds were detected and determined quantitatively in lime and acacia honey samples. The obtained results show that the HPTLC profiles of phenolic compounds and abscisic acid can be useful for determining the floral origin of honeys. Chromatographic tests were supplemented by statistical analysis (PCA and HCA) led to the successful separation of acacia and lime honey samples.

Quantification of Newly Discovered Anti-Cancer Drug Enzalutamide in Bulk and Synthetic Mixture by Stability Indicating TLC Method.

An impressionable, discriminatory and precise stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Enzalutamide in bulk and synthetic mixture. The method engaged HPTLC aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase while the solvent system was ethyl acetate: toluene (4.5:5.5, v/v). The Rf value of enzalutamide was detected to be 0. 39 ± 0. 005 and the densitometric analysis was carried out in absorbance mode at 246 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots presented a virtuous linear relationship for enzalutamide over a concentration range of 20 - 1000ng/band. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for enzalutamide was found to be 9.05 and 27.43 ng/band. Enzalutamide was imperilled to acid and alkali hydrolysis, chemical oxidation, dry heat degradation and photolytic degradation. The degraded product peaks were well resolved from the pure drug peak with substantial difference in their Rf values. Stressed samples were assayed using developed TLC technique. Suggested method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The method was successfully applied to the estimation of enzalutamide in synthetic mixture.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING HPTLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF APIXABAN AS BULK DRUG

Objective: To develop and validate simple, sensitive stability indicating HPTLC (High performance thin layer chromatography) method for apixaban.&#x0D; Methods: The chromatographic separation was performed on aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 using toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol (3:6:1 v/v/v) as mobile phase followed by densitometric scanning at 279 nm.&#x0D; Results: The chromatographic condition shows sharp peak of apixaban at Rf value of 0.38±0.03. Stress testing was carried out according to international conference on harmonization (ICH)Q1A (R2) guidelines and the method was validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The calibration curve was found to be linear in the concentration range of 100-500 ng/band for apixaban. The limit of detection and quantification was found to be 11.66ng/bandand35.33ng/band, respectively.&#x0D; Conclusion: A new simple, sensitive, stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed and validated for the determination of apixaban.

Development and Validation of New High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Method for Determination of Aripiprazole in Bulk and Tablet Formulation

A new high performance thin layer chromatography method was established for the determination of aripiprazole in bulk and tablet formulation. The estimation of aripiprazole was performed on thin layered aluminum backed plates coated with 200 μm layer of silica gel 60 F254 (10 cm × 10 cm) using mobile phase carbon tetrachloride: methanol: triethyl amine (2.5:2.4:0.1 v/v/v). Densitometric detection of aripiprazole was performed at 255 nm. Aripiprazole show linear relationship over the desired concentration range 300-1800 ng with correlation coefficient is 0.998. The R value for aripiprazole was found to be 0.58 ± 0.02. The established method was employed for tablet formulation and percent label claim for aripiprazole was found to be in the range 98-100 % and the % amount found in range from tablet formulation show that there is no interference from excipients available in tablet formulation. As per international conference on harmonization the established method was successfully validated to various parameter like linearity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness, robustness, detection limit and quantitation limit and showed satisfactory results for all parameters hence it is proved that the established method is simple, accurate, linear, precise, rugged, robust, sensitive and economical in nature. This method can be utilized for the routine quality control analysis of aripiprazole in bulk and tablet formulation.

Validated Stability Indicating HPTLC Method for the Estimation of Amoxapine in Different Stress Conditions

Background:The unstable and/or toxic degradation products may form due to degradation of drug which results into loss of therapeutic activity and lead to life threatening condition. Hence, it is important to establish the stability characteristics of drug in various conditions such as in temperature, light, oxidising agent and susceptibility across a wide range of pH values.Introduction:The aim of the proposed study was to develop simple, sensitive and economic stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantification of Amoxapine in the presence of degradation products.Methods:Amoxapine and its degraded products were separated on precoated silica gel 60F254 TLC plates by using mobile phase comprising of methanol: toluene: ammonium acetate (6:3:1, v/v/v). The densitometric evaluation was carried out at 320 nm in reflectance/absorbance mode. The degradation products obtained as per ICH guidelines under acidic, basic and oxidative conditions have different Rf values 0.12, 0.26 and 0.6 indicating good resolution from each other and pure drug with Rf: 0.47. Amoxapine was found to be stable under neutral, thermal and photo conditions.Results:The method was validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines in terms of accuracy, precision, ruggedness, robustness and linearity. A good linear relationship between concentration and response (peak area and peak height) over the range of 80 ng/spot to 720 ng/spot was observed from regression analysis data showing correlation coefficient 0.991 and 0.994 for area and height, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for area were found to be 1.176 ng/mL and 3.565 ng/mL, whereas for height, 50.063 ng/mL and 151.707 ng/mL respectively.Conclusion:The statistical analysis confirmed the accuracy, precision and selectivity of the proposed method which can be effectively used for the analysis of amoxapine in the presence of degradation products.

Novel determination of a new antiviral combination; sofosbuvir and velpatasvir by high performance thin layer chromatographic method; application to real human samples

Sofosbuvir (SOF) and velpatasvir (VEL) represent a brand new antiviral combination. A novel, simple and economical high performance thin layer chromatographic separation coupled with densitometric quantification was designed for the pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis of SOF and VEL. Simultaneous quantitation of the studied drugs in their newly introduced pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma; using ledipasvir (LED) as an internal standard; was achieved. Protein precipitation technique using acetonitrile was adopted, utilizing HPTLC as a clean-up step. Separation was achieved on HPTLC silica gel 60 F254 aluminum plates with a green developing system consisting of ethyl acetate-isopropanol (90:10, v/v). Densitometric scanning was carried out at 260 and 302 nm for SOF and VEL, respectively. Peak purity was evaluated through the winCATS® software spectral correlation method to ascertain the specificity of the proposed method. Method validation was assessed as per the US-FDA guidelines. The proposed method represents a simple, green and cost-effective alternative to the only existing more complicated reported LC-MS/MS technique. The method would afford a competent tool for therapeutic drug monitoring and bioavailability studies of SOF and VEL. The method could be applied to the quality control and routine analysis of SOF and VEL in their pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. Furthermore, the application was extended to simultaneous quantitation of SOF and VEL in real human plasma.

Innovative HPTLC-densitometric method for therapeutic monitoring of meropenem and metronidazole in acute pancreatic patients

Meropenem (MRP) and metronidazole (MTZ) are anti-microbial agents that concomitantly administrated for the management of severe acute pancreatic patients. An innovative direct, simple, rapid, cost effective and sensitive high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was successfully developed for in vitro and in vivo simultaneous determination of MRP and MTZ. The developed method relied on direct spotting of plasma without any pre-treatment due to low plasma protein binding of studied drugs followed by chromatographic separation and UV detection at isoabsorptive point of both drugs (306 nm). Chromatographic separation was done by methanol: acetonitrile: water (10:10:5, v/v/v) using formic acid as pH modifier. The Rf values were 0.55 ± 0.03 and 0.84 ± 0.02 for MRP and MTZ, respectively. Under optimum conditions, a linear relationship was obtained in concentration range of 100–1000 and 10–250 ng band−1 for MRP and MTZ, respectively with good correlation coefficient 0.9994–0.9997. The detection limits were 33.13 and 3.17 ng band−1 for MRP and MTZ, respectively. The method was validated according to ICH and US-FDA guidelines. The developed method was successfully applied for in vitro and in vivo quantification of MRP and MTZ in spiked human plasma and real plasma of acute pancreatic patients, respectively. Furthermore, the method was applied for assay of individual dosage forms of both drug.

Validated HPTLC Method for Determination of Sugars in Diploid (2x) and Tetraploid (4x) Cytotype of Physalis angulata L., An Important Medicinal Plant

A rapid, simple, improved and precise high performance thin layer chromatography method has been developed for the comparative estimation of sugars in two cytotypes i.e., 2x and 4x of crude plant part extracts of Physalis angulata, an important medicinal plant. Chromatographic separation was achieved by employing a mobile phase consisting 1-propanol: ethyl-acetate: water (3:1:0.1 v/v/v) on pre-coated Silica gel 60F254 plates and derivatized using DPA method (diphenylamine). Densitometry analysis was carried out at 600 nm in adsorption reflection mode. A significant difference in the quantity and quality of analyzed sugars was detected among both the cytotypes. The method was shown to be sensitive, accurate and reproducible for the determination of sugars in plants.

High performance thin layer chromatographic method for detection and determination of chloroquine in forensic samples

High performance thin layer chromatographic method for detection and determination of chloroquine in forensic samples