Performance Management Tools Research Articles

Using Unintended Consequences to Produce Intended Results: The Governance of Education in Sweden 1991-2020

This paper explores the linkages between institutional reform and performance management, and presents a previously unexplored new purpose of performance management. It argues that institutional reform relocating formal authority across institutional levels provides a context where indirect or unintended consequences of performance management can help compensate for a loss of formal authority. By using measurements of performance, central institutions could maintain some degree of control over areas where decentralization has deprived them of formal authority. The paper focuses the governance of education in Sweden where New Public Management and decentralization were concurrent reform campaigns in the 1990s. It analyzes Swedish central government’s use of performance management tools 1991-2020 based on a mapping of educational sector reform, regulations and policy documents, interviews with senior political and administrative officials, and performance statistics. The paper shows that the Swedish central government in the wake of an extensive decentralization reform turned to performance measurement as an instrument to control local authorities’ and schools’ delivery of public education. It increased the performance measurement of executive agencies and programs, developed instruments to measure the performances of local governments and schools, and tools to assess student results.

Understanding factors impacting patient-reported outcome measures integration in routine clinical practice: an umbrella review.

Patient-report outcome measures (PROMs) have gained widespread support as a mechanism to improve healthcare quality. We aimed to map out key enablers and barriers influencing PROMs implementation strategies in routine clinical practice. An umbrella review was conducted to identify reviews exploring enablers and barriers related to the integration of PROMs in routine clinical practice from January 2000 to June 2023. Information on key enablers and barriers was extracted and summarised thematically according to the Theoretical Domains Framework. 34 reviews met our criteria for inclusion. Identified reviews highlighted barriers such as limited PROMs awareness among clinicians and patients, perceived low value by clinicians and patients, PROMs that were too complex or difficult for patients to complete, poor usability of PROMs systems, delayed feedback of PROMs data, clinician concerns related to use of PROMs as a performance management tool, patient concerns regarding privacy and security, and resource constraints. Enablers encompassed phased implementation, professional training, stakeholder engagement prior to implementation, clear strategies and goals, 'change champions' to support PROMs implementation, systems to respond to issues raised by PROMs, and integration into patient pathways. No consensus favoured paper or electronic PROMs, yet offering both options to mitigate digital literacy bias and integrating PROMs into electronic health records emerged as important facilitators. The sustainable implementation of PROMs is a complex process that requires multicomponent organisational strategies covering training and guidance, necessary time and resources, roles and responsibilities, and consultation with patients and clinicians.

An Overview of Effectiveness of Balanced Scorecard Performance Management System in Tanzania

This study investigated the effectiveness of Balanced Scorecard (BSC) on provision of quality services in selected public organizations in Tanzania. The objective was to investigate the effective of balanced Scorecard on quality services in selected public organizations. The study reveals that BSC tool is more effective compared to previously used tools. Also, the employee’s perception on effectiveness of BSC tool on provision of quality services is positive. The findings of ordinal logistic regression analysis show that the effectiveness of BSC tool increases the likelihood of employees to provide quality services. Further, extended regression namely structural equation modelling shows that the relationship between effectiveness of BSC tool and provision of quality services is distorted by high level of autocratic management style while not distorted by rules, policy and regulations. The study is strongly recommending that there is a need for government and private organisations to adopt BSC as an effective tool for provision of quality services; There is a need of introducing transformational and collaborative management styles in order to account for quality of services; Organizations should continuously enforce regulations, rules and policies; The study should be used by decision makers to set standards of introducing viable and vibrant performance management tools which are result oriented and further studies on uncovered areas on BSC to be undertaken in future.

The Perspective Classification of Balanced Scorecard with Ontology Technique

The competition among Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), such as universities, worldwide is crucial. It is imperative for universitiesto maintain high-quality education and achieve and maintain their world ranking. Therefore, they must utilise performance management tools in their performance improvement efforts. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a quality tool for performance management in universities that helps them to enhance, increase, and maintain their overall performance and ranking. When their strategy changes, the performance indicators must be revised and rearranged in accordance with the BSC form. The information needed for decision-making cannot be immediately available because there are delays in updating the performance management system. This creates a gap between performance improvement in HEIs and the BSC. To eliminate this gap, the question we need to answer is how to automatically upload the updated BSC perspectives into the performance management system to streamline the decision-making automatically. This paper aims to present the Perspective Classification of Balanced Scorecard with Ontology (PCBSC-Onto) framework for automatically classifying performance indicators into BSC’s four perspectives using an ontological approach to support the dynamic capability of the management system’s performance. The balanced scorecard ontology and performance indicator ontology created through this research were applied in the PCBSC-Onto framework. The experiment’s results are based on the performance indicator data of a university in Thailand, and it presents how this framework and its algorithms contribute to increasing performance management ability in the HEI context. The accuracy rate of the PCBSC-Onto framework is 82.97% when compared to the accuracy of the modified Delphi method. The results reveal the accuracy of the proposed ontologies and algorithmson the data from the case study.

Balanced Scorecard: A Literature Review to Trace its Trajectory in the Public Administration Domain

ABSTRACT The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) has been a strategic and performance management tool for 30 years, initially for for-profit organizations but later adopted by other types. This study reviews its use by public administration scholars, analyzing articles from the Web of Science database with bibliometric tools and Artificial Intelligence for lexical and semantic analysis. The analysis concluded that BSC is mainly used in local government for performance management and measurement. The study enhances theoretical understanding by exploring BSC’s application in the public sector, its effectiveness, distinctions from for-profit use, and identifying areas for further research.

The Introspective Role of Artificial Intelligence Tools for Remote Performance Management

The Introspective Role of Artificial Intelligence Tools for Remote Performance Management

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR MANAGING RISKS IN PLANNING FOREIGN ECONOMIC AND LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE

The article examines the topical issue of risk management in foreign economic and logistics activities, which is closely related to the enterprise’s chosen strategy and ensures its sustainable development. The study considers the issue of developing a hedging strategy using statistical methods since adequate forecasting allows predicting the impact of external environment factors on the exchange rate, which will allow the enterprise to timely predict and mitigate the risks in foreign economic and logistics activities. The authors have used general scientific and special methods of systemic and structural analysis to clarify the directions of sustainable performance and risk management tools; formulate the goals and steps in choosing a strategy of hedging; compare the methods of foreign exchange rate risk hedging and perform correlation and regression analysis of factors that impact exchange rate under crisis conditions. The purpose of the paper is to study the specifics of ensuring the sustainable performance of an enterprise using statistical methods in risk management for planning foreign economic and logistics activities. The authors have proposed a definition of a hedging strategy based on the concepts, approaches, and ideas of asset and/or investment management with the aim of reducing loss through hedging instruments, whose feasibility can be substantiated by statistical methods. It has been found that the formation and successful implementation of a hedging strategy requires the use of statistical analysis in order to timely predict fluctuations in exchange rates. The findings of the research were tested based on the performance of PrJSC "Linde Gas Ukraine". In the strategy of hedging the exchange rate risks, it has been proposed to simultaneously open a foreign currency deposit and take a loan in the national currency to replenish the company's working capital. The perspective of further research is the implementation of the proposed hedging strategy and assessment of its effectiveness.

Empowering Sustainable Industrial and Service Systems through AI-Enhanced Cloud Resource Optimization

This study focuses on examining the shift of an application system from a traditional monolithic architecture to a cloud-native microservice architecture (MSA), with a specific emphasis on the impact of this transition on resource efficiency and cost reduction. In order to evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) and application performance management (APM) tools can surpass traditional resource management methods in enhancing cost efficiency and operational performance, these advanced technologies are integrated. The research employs the refactor/rearchitect methodology to transition the system to a cloud-native framework, aiming to validate the enhanced capabilities of AI tools in optimizing cloud resources. The main objective of the study is to demonstrate how AI-driven strategies can facilitate more sustainable and economically efficient cloud computing environments, particularly in terms of managing and scaling resources. Moreover, the study aligns with model-based approaches that are prevalent in sustainable systems engineering by structuring cloud transformation through simulation-supported frameworks. It focuses on the synergy between endogenous AI integration within cloud management processes and the overarching goals of Industry 5.0, which emphasize sustainability and efficiency that not only benefit technological advancements but also enhance stakeholder engagement in a human-centric operational environment. This integration exemplifies how AI and cloud technology can contribute to more resilient and adaptive industrial and service systems, furthering the objectives of AI and sustainability initiatives.

Developing Dashboard Analytics and Visualization Tools for Effective Performance Management and Continuous Process Improvement

Performance management and continuous process improvement are essential for businesses to monitor how well their operations are running, find ways to improve them, and bring about good change. However, making decisions based on data in these areas can be challenging because performance data is complicated. This research looks into how panel analytics and data visualization tools can help manage performance well and make processes better all the time. A literature study is done on performance management frameworks, process improvement methods, data visualization techniques, and dashboard solutions that are already out there. The Lean, Six Sigma, and balanced scorecard methods are looked at for success indicators and metrics. It also looks into data visualization tools' design principles and methods like dashboards, tables, charts, and interactive features. Interviews, observations, document reviews, and internal files are ways a case organization gathers both primary and secondary data. Key performance indicators for quality, delivery, productivity, safety, and customer happiness are found in several different business roles and processes. To look at performance trends and relationships, SPSS is used for descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing. Interactive dashboard examples that use different data visualization methods are created by thinking about how the user will experience it, how it will work with other systems, and how it will help them make decisions. Dashboards let you dig deeper into processes, determine why problems happen, and compare actuals to goals. Usability testing checks how easy the tools are and how well decision-makers can learn from them. The results show that dashboard analytics can make handling performance and improvement projects easier based on data. Insights made it possible to keep track of KPIs, find methods that were not working well, and work together across teams. There are also talks about problems with data quality and change management.

Implementation of the Balanced Scorecard in Large Firms: A Systematic Review

In the past three decades, the balanced scorecard has gained traction in numerous sectors and industries, including services and manufacturing, the public and private sectors, and small and large businesses. In addition to being an advanced performance management tool, the balanced scorecard is a crucial instrument for demonstrating exceptional advantages in the strategic management of businesses and for enhancing the internal management level of businesses. The present study examines the function and impact of balanced scorecards within sizable organisations. This study's principal objective was to investigate the function of the balanced scorecard within sizable organisations. This research investigates the effects of the balanced scorecard on sizable organisations across multiple dimensions, encompassing its attributes, efficacy, as well as its merits, and demerits. These various perspectives are then evaluated to represent the overall application and implementation of BSC organisations.

Alleviating Court Congestion: The Case of the Jerusalem District Court

This paper investigates court congestion through a field study conducted at the Jerusalem District Court in Israel, aiming to reduce case processing time by adapting successful operational concepts to this unique environment. Using a modified difference-in-differences approach, the study suggests a notable 46.1% reduction in the duration of the treated part of the judicial process, demonstrating the efficacy of operational management tools in alleviating court congestion without compromising process quality or requiring additional resources.

Keep-or-drop multidimensional control systems in professional organisations: evidence on the use of the balanced scorecard in healthcare

PurposeDuring the 1990s, Italian healthcare organisations (HOs) underwent a process of corporatisation, and the most innovative HOs introduced the balanced scorecard (BSC) to address the need for broader accountability. Currently, there is a limited understanding of the dynamics and outcomes of such a process. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether the BSC is still considered an effective performance management tool and analyse the factors driving and hindering its evolution and endurance in public and non-profit HOs.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of two pioneering cases in the adoption of the BSC: one in a public hospital and the other in a non-profit hospital. Data collection relied on accessing institutional documents and reports from the early 2000s to the present, as well as conducting semi-structured interviews with the internal sponsors of the BSC.FindingsWe found evidence of three main categories of factors that trigger or hinder the adoption and development of the BSC: (1) the role of the internal sponsor and professionals’ commitment; (2) information technology and the controller’s technological skills; and (3) the relationship between the management and professionalism logics during the implementation process. At the same time, there is no evidence to suggest that specific technical features of the BSC influence its endurance.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the debate on the key factors for implementing and sustaining multidimensional control systems in professional organisations. It emphasises the importance of knowledge-based assets and distinctive internal capabilities for the success of the business. The implications of the BSC legacy are discussed, along with future developments of multidimensional control tools aimed at supporting strategy execution.

Experiences in developing empirical harvest strategies for the Indonesian tropical tuna fisheries

Harvest strategies, also referred to as management procedures, are foundational to evidence-based fisheries decision making. Together with closed-loop simulation testing, termed Management Strategy Evaluation, of potential harvest strategies, they are considered to be best practice. However, the use of these approaches is still mostly limited to a small minority of high-value, data-rich stocks in developed economies. The Indonesian tropical tuna fisheries provide a rare real-world experience where formal empirical harvest strategies were being developed for data-limited fisheries within a developing economy as an operational management tool. The Harvest Strategy Framework is a departure from a previously open-access fishery for tropical tuna in Indonesian archipelagic waters. It outlines the necessary actions to operationalize the harvest strategy, including fisheries monitoring, harvest control rules, associated management measures to meet the management objectives, and immediate actions to reduce the levels of catch as a precautionary measure until the harvest strategy is fully implemented. It was developed over a 9-year national consultative process, commencing in 2014 and culminating in the official adoption of the framework in June 2023. This paper outlines key processes and challenges encountered in stakeholder engagement and technical capacity development within the intricate governance context of Indonesia. We argue that the engagement processes have cemented a future direction towards sustainable and best practice fisheries management in Indonesia and the effective co-production process has potential to show the way for other fisheries in coastal developing states who face similar challenges in managing their national and internationally shared stocks.

Exploring the Optimisation of Enterprise Performance Management in the Context of Artificial Intelligence

The impact of artificial intelligence on enterprises has gradually penetrated the human resource management of enterprises, and artificial intelligence is accelerating the excess of traditional human resources to predictive human resources, which also requires more talents in the field of artificial intelligence to devote themselves to enterprises. Through literature review and relevant cases, this paper finds that the current enterprise performance management has the problems of backward performance appraisal methods, lack of effective performance communication, and insufficient use of performance evaluation results. It is found that with the help of AI, enterprises can use big data and algorithms, enterprises can establish a more scientific performance management system, use AI to select appropriate performance management tools, and finally get effective performance appraisal results. Enterprises can use AI coaching and transparent performance feedback to promote performance communication and make performance results can play a role in promoting employee performance improvement. This paper concludes that the reasonable use of AI by enterprises can solve many existing problems of their performance management and can save time and labor costs for enterprises. Therefore, enterprises need to seize the opportunities brought by AI and pay attention to the research of AI technology to help improve performance management.

Application of IT performance management tools in human resource management

Aim. To examine the impact of IT performance management on improving employee productivity, and to propose a balanced approach to integrating IT into human resource management.Objectives. To conduct a literature review in the context of the research topic; To perform an in-depth theoretical analysis to confirm the impact of IT tools, including data analytics, automation and machine learning; To develop proposals for the implementation of IT Performance management in the field of human resource management in organizations.Methods. The authors used the method of descriptive literature review. To achieve the set objectives, general scientific methods were also applied: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization.Results. Integration of IT in personnel management significantly increases the efficiency of the organization, optimizing many processes. Useful information derived from real-time analytics Not only helps to make administrative decisions, but also contributes significantly to long-term strategic planning. Challenges such as data privacy and potential over-reliance on technology are identified. The article proposes a balanced approach to integrating IT into human resource management. Although technology provides indispensable tools for modern HR management, it must be complemented by human judgment and ethical considerations.Conclusions. IT integration has transformed HR management from a largely manual domain to one defined by efficiency, accuracy, and strategic depth. With tools that automate and improve processes, individual HR professionals are better equipped to focus on value-oriented tasks, using real-time data analytics to make informed decisions. This shift promotes a proactive approach, allowing employees to anticipate needs and develop customized strategies.

Port Sustainability Index: Methodological Issues

Approaches to find impact of maritime transport on environmental performance of ports or port regions through models with different sets of assumptions suffer from limitations. The paper describes an integrated Port Sustainability Index (PSI) by combining relevant environmental aspects of port processes and operations by transforming each indicator to follow normal distribution and taking PSI as sum of such normally distributed indicator scores, avoiding skew and outliers. Thus, there is no bias for developed or under-developed ports. PSI is simple and satisfies desired properties including assessment of effectiveness of policy measures through responsiveness, statistical tests of equality of mean PSI across ports. Dimensions of PSI can be ranked by respective elasticity. The method also helps to find growth curve of PSI of a port over time. Proposed PSI may help port authorities to evaluate their performance from the sustainability angle along with performances in the relevant dimensions and may serve as a strategic tool for port environmental performance management.

Making Sense of the Seal of Good Local Governance: Policy Design Layering and Implications for Shaping Local Government Performance

The Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) is pivotal in assessing Philippine local governance. However, concerns over its effectiveness arise from evolving criteria and declining passing rates since its inception. This paper employs an abductive research approach to investigate the SGLG’s “policy layering,” where new goals are integrated alongside existing ones. It examines nearly a decade of SGLG policy evolution amid national priority shifts, policy changes, and evolving performance metrics. Key learning assumptions—learning over time and compliance-based learning—are explored, highlighting associated challenges. While initially not a comprehensive performance management tool, the SGLG adapts iteratively to meet higher governance standards. This paper recommends addressing resource challenges for LGUs, strategically timing SGLG updates, and decentralizing evaluation processes to enhance problem-solving and innovation for nonpassing LGUs, bolstering its role in advancing local governance nationwide.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ОБЛАСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ ТРУДА ПЕРСОНАЛА

The article highlights key factors of performance management from the point of view of the organization’s performance efficiency. The key goals and objectives of the performance management process are formulated. The key advantages that the performance management system provides to the organization are substantiated. Modern trends in the field of personnel performance management are considered. The main features of performance management tools in modern conditions are highlighted. Keywords: strategic management, personnel management, human resources, performance management, efficiency.

Effects of select herbicides for management of American lotus, white waterlily, and watershield

Literature describing effective control measures for the floating-leaved plants American lotus (Nelumbo lutea Willd.), white waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Aiton), and watershield (Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel.) is minimal as these are usually considered as desirable species. However, floating-leaved plants can cause ecological, economic, and social problems when undergoing demographic expansions, usually following alterations of natural hydrologic cycles. Therefore, a mesocosm trial was conducted to determine the potential of foliar applications of seven aquatic herbicides to reduce abundance of the three target species at maximum and half-maximum label rates. Three of the herbicides (glyphosate, imazamox, and florpyrauxifen-benzyl) provided short- and long-term suppression (.75% reduction) of white waterlily and watershield leaf density or biomass. As a followup trial, field work was conducted using glyphosate, imazamox, and florpyrauxifen-benzyl to determine plant response to these herbicides in a natural setting. All herbicides resulted in long-term (52 wk after treatment) leaf density reduction of white waterlily (64 to 100% reduction) and watershield (46 to 75% reduction; except 2.83 kg ae ha 1 glyphosate) in field sites while the abundance of American lotus increased. Reduction of white waterlily and watershield may have reduced competition thereby favoring higher abundance of lotus. Regardless, long-term (52-wk) reduction of white waterlily and watershield suggest the potential for these herbicides as operational management tools for nuisance populations of these species. Future work should evaluate chemical techniques for control of American lotus, where both timing of leaf emergence and potential interactions with other plant species must be considered in the design of those studies.

Driving Supply Chain Resilience: Exploring the Potential of Operations Management and Industry 4.0

The COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war revealed vulnerabilities in supply chains, emphasizing the need for resilience in multiple industries. While Industry 4.0 is valuable, it cannot fully address complex supply chain challenges. Therefore, exploring additional drivers like Operations Management has become imperative. More clearly, the adoption of Operations Management tools and practices helps implement and use enabling technologies more effectively. In this context, the aim of the paper is to conduct a literature review to study supply chain resilience considering these two concepts. In other words, the objective of the work consists in examining the effectiveness of the mentioned combination. The paper presents a conceptual framework for enhancing supply chain resilience by exploring the potential of Industry 4.0 and Operations Management. The paper also underlines the positive impact issued from hybridizing both solutions to achieve resilience. As it discusses enhancing features of each concept aside the other. The paper provides a basic model for researchers to further detailed studies, and for managers to bringing the proposed framework from theory to practice.