Performance Management Approach Research Articles

A Framework for Measuring Performance of Nigerian Police Force Organization

The Nigerian Police Force as an organisation is mandated to ensure public safety through maintenance of law and order. Despite its old history, the rate of criminal activities such as armed robbery, kidnappings for ransom, killing of innocent citizens, ethno-religious conflicts in many parts of Nigeria is on the increase. Previous studies have indicated factors that contributed to underperformance of Nigerian Police Force, but there is an insufficient attention given on how to measure the performance of Nigerian police as a public service organisation, especially by using the new performance management approach. This study deploys a framework for measuring performance of police organisation in Nigeria. The study uses literature on performance management drawing practices from both private and public sector context to propose a framework for measuring performance of Nigerian Police Force. The Input-output-outcome model is used to support the study. The study finds out that Input-outputoutcome model could have the potential of improving performance of Nigerian Police Force. The study concludes that despite lack of clear outcome quantification, input-output-outcome model of performance management practice could be a tool for improving and measuring the performance of Nigerian Police Force.

A Framework for Measuring Performance of Nigerian Police Force Organization

The Nigerian Police Force as an organisation is mandated to ensure public safety through maintenance of law and order. Despite its old history, the rate of criminal activities such as armed robbery, kidnappings for ransom, killing of innocent citizens, ethno-religious conflicts in many parts of Nigeria is on the increase. Previous studies have indicated factors that contributed to underperformance of Nigerian Police Force, but there is an insufficient attention given on how to measure the performance of Nigerian police as a public service organisation, especially by using the new performance management approach. This study deploys a framework for measuring performance of police organisation in Nigeria. The study uses literature on performance management drawing practices from both private and public sector context to propose a framework for measuring performance of Nigerian Police Force. The Input-output-outcome model is used to support the study. The study finds out that Input-outputoutcome model could have the potential of improving performance of Nigerian Police Force. The study concludes that despite lack of clear outcome quantification, input-output-outcome model of performance management practice could be a tool for improving and measuring the performance of Nigerian Police Force.

Airport route development strategy planning and performance measurement with a dynamic performance management framework.

Route development programs have become popular with airports worldwide to enhance air connectivity. Enhanced air connectivity of an airport has been found to have a positive and significant impact on the competitiveness and attractiveness of the airport and the regional economy in which the airport is located. However, the drivers behind route development programs and their performance are not always clear; this has been less explored in the literature. In this paper, a dynamic performance management approach is taken to build a modeling framework in which key drivers affecting route development performance and strategic resources affecting key drivers are identified. Route-level planning is used in an empirical study to demonstrate the dynamic mechanism of airport route development initiatives and performance measurements. The proposed framework can not only provide performance monitoring, but also suggest suitable indicators to evaluate the performance for policymakers in future airport route development.

Evolution of a Systematic Approach to Smoking Cessation in Ontario's Regional Cancer Centres.

Smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis can significantly improve a person’s prognosis, treatment efficacy and safety, and quality of life. In 2012, Cancer Care Ontario (now part of Ontario Health) introduced a Framework for Smoking Cessation, to be implemented for new ambulatory cancer patients at the province’s 14 Regional Cancer Centres (RCCs). Over time, the program has evolved to become more efficient, use data for robust performance management, and broaden its focus to include new patient populations and additional data collection. In 2017, the framework was revised from a 5As to a 3As brief intervention model, along with an opt-out approach to referrals. The revised model was based on emerging evidence, feedback from stakeholders, and an interim program evaluation. Results showed an initial increase in referrals to cessation services. Two indicators (tobacco use screening and acceptance of a referral) are routinely monitored as part of Ontario Health’s system-wide performance management approach, which has been identified as a key driver of change among RCCs. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many RCCs reported a decrease in these indicators. RCCs that were able to maintain a high level of smoking cessation activities during the pandemic offer valuable lessons, including the opportunity to swiftly leverage virtual care. Future directions for the program include capturing data on cessation outcomes and expanding the intervention to new populations. A focus on system recovery from COVID-19 will be paramount. Smoking cessation must remain a core element of high-quality cancer care, so that patients achieve the best possible health benefits from their treatments.

Revitalising project management office operations in an engineering-service contractor organisation: a key performance indicator based performance management approach

PurposeExisting studies on project performance improvement mainly investigate project management (PM) execution processes. Limited publications investigate the project management office's (PMO) proficiency in facilitating proper PM practice. This paper identifies the key performance indicators (KPI) of PMO operations and develops a KPI-based performance management system (KPMS) for revitalising PMO performance for an engineering-service contractor (ESC).Design/methodology/approachA four-phase study was initiated at an ESC in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T). Phase-1 established historical project performance and PMO challenges via documentary analysis. Empirical data from the PMO staff and management was acquired at Phase-2 to determine PMO process value-drivers and strategic roles. Phase-3 comprised the development of a modified PMO process and the KPMS, whereas Phase-4 evaluated the efficacy of the PMO process and the KPMS framework in a trial period.FindingsThe ESC's existing PMO process lacked significant value-drivers of its PM practice. The company also overlooked strategic PMO roles. Trial implementation of the modified PMO process achieved improved project performance, which stakeholders attributed to the value-driven processes and guidance provided by the KPMS. The KPMS, when used in tandem with Earned Value Management (EVM) index score review revealed core performance aspects that could facilitate continuous improvement of the PMO process at the ESC.Practical implicationsFindings provide an adequate basis for policy creation regarding PMO performance evaluation and guidance for companies contemplating a similar endeavour. A viable model for PMO performance management and improvement is proffered. The findings and the model would provide a platform for subsequent research in the areas of PMO development and business process improvement.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted to obtain management and practitioners' inputs on developing a PMO performance management framework in a project-based contractor organisation in T&T. Various PMO challenges and implications of improvements specific to engineering-service contractors and similar organisations were determined.

Lessons From Special Forces Operators for Elite Team Sports Training: How to Make the Whole Greater Than the Sum of the Parts.

This methodology paper describes the design of a holistic and multidisciplinary human performance program within the Belgian Special Forces Group, the Tier 1 Special Operations unit of the Belgian Defense. Performance management approaches in the military draw heavily on sports science. The key component of the program design described here is its integrative nature, which team sports training might benefit from. The basic rationale behind the program was to bridge several gaps: the gap between physical and mental training; the gap between the curative or preventive medical approach and the performance enhancement approach; and the gap between individual and team training. To achieve this goal, the methodology of Intervention Mapping was applied, and a multidisciplinary team of training and care professionals was constituted with operational stakeholders. This was the first step in the program design. The second step took a year, and consisted of formal and informal consultations, participant observations and task analyses. These two first stages and their conclusions are described in the Method section. The Results section covers the next two stages (three and four) of the process, which aimed at defining the content of the program; and to test a pilot project implementation. The third stage encompassed the choice of the most relevant assessment and intervention tools for the target population, within each area of expertise. This is described extensively, to allow for replication. The fourth and last stage was to “test drive” the real-life integration and implementation of the whole program at the scale of a single team (8 individuals). For obvious confidentiality reasons, the content data will not be reported extensively here. Implications for wider-scale implementation and tie-back to sports team training are presented.

УКРАЇНА НА СВІТОВОМУ РИНКУ МЕДУ: ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕКСПОРТНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ДЛЯ ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ МСП В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

The article deals with the definition of theoretical and methodological aspects of the development and implementation of an export strategy for SMEs when entering the world market in a war. It was determined that despite the significant losses of beekeeping producers as a result of the war, the trend of steady demand for Ukrainian honey still persists in the world, as evidenced by the introduction of trade preferences by partner countries. It has been determined that the formation of an export strategy and the development of an export plan are the most important tasks of strategic planning for the launch of SME products on the world honey market. After all, strategic planning allows you to determine competitive advantages, evaluate the most promising export markets, and also gain new opportunities for development. The article defines the role of Ukrainian exporters in the world honey market. It has been determined that in recent years Ukraine has occupied a leading position among honey exporters in the world, successfully competing with such countries as China, India, Argentina and Vietnam. And also, an analysis of the key problems and prospects for the development of the export potential of Ukrainian producers of beekeeping products as a prerequisite for the formation of an export strategy was carried out. It has been determined that the main threats to the further development of the export potential of honey producers are a decrease in production volumes, a decrease in honey exports, in particular, due to the blocking of transport infrastructure by the Russian Federation, a further decrease in the purchase prices for honey in the domestic market, the death of bees and the loss of production capacity because of hostilities. An algorithm for the formation and implementation of an export strategy for SMEs when entering the world honey market is proposed. The advantages of implementing the Performance Management approach in the process of developing an algorithm for the formation and implementation of an export strategy when SMEs enter the world honey market are substantiated. They are: improving the efficiency of the implementation of the export strategy, strengthening the competitive advantages of the enterprise, improving the personnel management system due to additional motivation.

Enhancing Reviews and Surveillance to Eliminate Maternal Mortality.

Multisectoral investments over the past decade have accelerated the growth of Maternal Mortality Review Committee (MMRC) programs across the United States. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the Enhancing Reviews and Surveillance to Eliminate Maternal Mortality (ERASE MM) Initiative in 2019. Under ERASE MM, CDC directly funds 24 U.S. jurisdictions supporting MMRCs in 25 states. With increased investment in programs nationally, the CDC has designed a performance management framework to identify areas for improvement or sustained achievement and standardize measurement of key process benchmarks across programs. This article presents a report on the baseline measures collected through this performance management approach and suggests key partnerships required to continue to accelerate progress toward the elimination of preventable maternal mortality in the United States.

Supervising and Empowering Generation Y and Z Cybersecurity Employees Through an Actionable Framework for Worker Engagement

A leading consulting and cybersecurity research firm, Consulting Ventures, predicted that cybercrime will cost $6 trilling annually by 2021. That amount is a significant increase from the $3 trillion in 2015. According to growing estimates, there could be as many as 3.5 million unfilled cybersecurity jobs by 2021. This has created a need for new expertise and workers in cybersecurity and information security from Generation Y and Generation Z. These professionals have different career interests from previous generations in terms of work environments and cultures. These younger professionals are a product of new degree programs that have been newly developed in the last 10 years. But in order to attract, recruit, and retain this younger generation of professionals with these critically needed workforce skills, managers must consider alternative management approaches that look to empower, energize, and engage this new and different generation of employees instead of the use of micromanaging and controlling antiqued performance management approaches.

Performance management in complex adaptive systems: a conceptual framework for health systems

Existing performance management approaches in health systems in low-income and middle-income countries are generally ineffective at driving organisational-level and population-level outcomes. They are largely directive: they try to control behaviour...

Engineering resilience in a prison's performance management system

While organisations are becoming more complex than ever, their applied performance management (PM) systems are still based on the conventional PM approach, derived from the need for control and accountability. On the other hand, turbulent changes, growing interdependencies across organisations, and increasing uncertainty have created challenges beyond the boundaries of traditional approaches. This study explores how principles and methods from the resilience engineering (RE) field can be applied to improve organisations' adaptive capacity in the sense that they anticipate, recognise, adapt to and absorb external or internal disturbances. By discussing features of different components of PM systems and ideas in RE, we provide a framework that links the elements of a PM system and the main features of RE at the cultural, strategic, and operational levels. The approach is instantiated and validated in the context of correctional service institutes, focusing on both security threats and related safety implications for staff and other inmates. We use a Norwegian prison as a case study and apply the proposed framework to assess the institute's resilience potentials.

A dynamic performance management approach to frame corruption in public procurement: a case study

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to frame the causal relationships between corruption in public procurement and performance of local governments. Design/methodology/approach An outcome-based dynamic performance management approach is adopted to explore a representative case study of a small Italian municipality. The model is based on three sources: qualitative primary data generated by face-to-face convergent interviews; secondary data retrieved from documents describing legal cases linked to procurement and open-access repositories; and an extensive literature review. Findings Emphasizing the role of community civic morality systemically may help to understand some counterintuitive results in the past research and support decision-makers and policymakers in setting effective strategies to curb the associated negative implications. Social implications A dynamic approach of performance management aimed at framing corruption in public procurement may guide policymakers and decision-makers in keeping their “cognitive radar” constantly active, in a way to detect emerging corruptive phenomena that could be otherwise ignored by normal diagnostical approaches. It may also help to promote organizational ethical learning and improve community outcomes. Originality/value This research provides a causal and systemic framework of relationships involving local government performance and wrongdoings in public procurement, by including performance risk indicators linked to structural and individualistic causes of corruption.

Performance habitus: performance management and measurement in UK higher education

Purpose What academic and managerial elements are particularly influential regarding performance? This study aims to address these questions as part of a broader longitudinal study. The current paper focusses on the results relating to performance management and measurement, and how the sectorial developments impacted on individuals and institutions. Design/methodology/approach An interpretive research methodology was used, which illustrates the institutional performance management and measurement system. The first part of the interpretive study was a single case study, focussing on one “old” research-intensive university. The second part included five institutions, three UK top-tier universities, focussing on top-level research and education, and two “new” universities with a greater teaching than research portfolio. Findings The current paper focusses on the results relating to performance management and measurement, and how higher education (HE) developments impacted on individuals and institutions, reflected in the notion of performance habitus. The qualitative element of the study sought to gain insight into which factors influence performance management and measurement and what changing effect these have on academic members of staff. The findings illustrate how academic values and managerial control practices create an academia-specific performance management approach, measured by particular key performance indicators that are used for the institution as a whole and then applied to units and individuals within institutions. With regard to institutional performance, more established and institutionalised performance management and measurement practices are relied upon. Both elements are addressed in this study, and the authors conclude that the interplay of human capital and institutional structure creates the most successful performance-related outcome. Originality/value The current study adds additional insights on how the changing HE context affects academic members and how the future of the UK HE sector is perceived. Insights can be derived for other HE sectors, as the contextual factors of international competition, tightening of resources and nature of the academic sector transcend national borders. Thus, practices illustrated in the current study are useful for institutions and academic managers of other HE sectors as well.

The development of a performance measurement system for indirect procurement: a Delphi study

PurposeThis study aims to address the current gap in knowledge of indirect procurement performance management. It attempts to argue the need for a specific and tailored performance management approach for the indirect procurement function that incorporates a balanced approach, beyond financial measures.Design/methodology/approachThe case study approach evaluated key performance indicators from a balanced scorecard (BSC) perspective in the development of a performance measurement system (PMS) for a Middle Eastern university’s indirect procurement division. It initially reviewed the literature to assess potential indicators for this context. It used vision and mission statement analysis alongside expert interviews to augment the literature. The candidate indicators were then evaluated and ranked by an expert panel through applying a four-round Delphi technique.FindingsTwenty-nine procurement-specific indicators are suggested in a BSC framework. The five highest-ranked indicators were not in the financial perspective unlike other BSC studies in the broader field of supply chain management (SCM).Practical implicationsThe study suggests a framework and indicators for a procurement PMS for practitioners to consider. It also highlights there is no one-size-fits-all and that organisations need to tailor PM to the organisation and divisional strategy and operational needs. This study aids the development of guidelines for executives and procurement management that wish to develop indicators and a PMS.Originality/valueThis study contributes to knowledge by partly addressing the under-researched field of indirect procurement PM. The literature suggested that various roles in SCM require specific PM indicators. This study puts forward a BSC framework with 29 indicators specifically for indirect procurement. Fourteen of these indicators were derived from non-literature sources. This study enhances knowledge and contributes to the limited debate and evidence on indirect procurement PM and the broader PM literature.

Performance and Security Challenges Digital Rights Management (DRM) Approaches Using Fog Computing for Data Provenance: A Survey

Over the past few years, the cloud based storage providers such as Google drive, OneDrive, Box and Dropbox are increasingly being used to store users personal profile based data, which users could share over cloud storage devices. Immediately, the users data leaves the user premises and enters the cloud storage, the user has lost all the control over its data, and even when that data is further shared for the purposes of collaboration. Digital rights management (DRM) for Content hosted in Cloud based storage covers technologies related devices that protects the digital assets stored in cloud by enforcing the permission regulator, and when the data is in collaboration. This is important to protect healthcare (Fiaz, M., et al., 2019. Social media news classification in healthcare communication. Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 9(6), pp.1215–1223; Irfan, R., et al., 2019. Ontology learning in text mining for handling big data in healthcare systems. Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 9(4), pp.649–661; Ikram Ullah, L. and Ali Shariq, I., 2019. A special section on effectiveness of search engine and social networking data in healthcare systems. Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 9(4), pp.647–648; Preethi, P. and Asokan, R., 2019. A high secure medical image storing and sharing in cloud environment using hex code cryptography methodsecure genius. Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 9(7), pp.1337–1345; Shahzad, B., et al., 2017. Finding healthcare issues with search engine queries and social network data. International Journal of Semantic Web and Information System, 13(1), pp.48–62; Saleem, K., et al., 2015. Human-oriented design of secure machine-to-machine communication system for e-Healthcare society. Computers in Human Behaviour, 51, pp.977–985.) data from being misused by authorized and unauthorized entities. To implement DRM in cloud, these Authors have proposed encryption based solution. Due to the distributed nature of cloud it is suitable for the real time data transportation. However, DRM process requires performance that is close to real time. This paper summarized the current state of the research in Digital Rights Management and leveraged Fog computing in DRM. This is to meet the new performance requirements for next-generation distribution networks, in terms of performance metrics, such as energy consumption, traffic delay, and network throughput, as required by in large and heterogonous Cloud solutions (Preethi, P. and Asokan, R., 2019. A high secure medical image storing and sharing in cloud environment using hex code cryptography methodsecure genius. Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, 9(7), pp.1337–1345.) as data storage system.

Analyzing Characteristics of the Unreliable Segments of the National Highway System across South Eastern States of the United States

The latest transportation law in the United States continues to put emphasis on a performance management approach similar to the previous one. Since the transportation performance management rules were made in 2017, limited work has been done to understand the travel time reliability on the national highway system (NHS) and the factors influencing it. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing the characteristics of the unreliable segments of the NHS in 13 south eastern states. It was observed that there was a higher percentage of unreliable segments in the non-Interstate NHS (about 34%) than in the Interstate system (about 13% of segments were unreliable). Analyses of the unreliability of the Interstate and non-Interstate NHS were conducted separately to understand each of them better. To capture the influence of the attributes on the reliability of the NHS segments, multivariate binary logistic models were developed. The results from the models suggest that the reference traffic message channels (TMCs), which were characterized by being in urban areas with shorter length (≤0.25 mi) and ≤10% trucks in the traffic stream, generally have a higher chance of being unreliable than those that are not in the reference category. Interstate TMCs on bridges, tunnels, or causeways, and those with directional traffic volume greater than 30,000, have higher chances of being unreliable than the reference category. The chances of internal TMCs (between decision points) in the non-Interstate NHS being unreliable were about 14% higher than the mean chance of the reference TMCs.

Performance Management & Improvement Strategies For Construction Projects

There is an adequate acceptance in the construction industry that current practice of managing project through conventional approach is unrealistic and ineffective in terms scheduling and monitoring which leads to the lack of project control and failure of time goal. In construction projects, under normal conditions, things do not happen the way they are planned and scheduled. Most of the activities are either ahead or behind schedule. Similar is the case with the cost of work done. This is so because of the uncertainties involved in the construction process such as the changes in work scope, variation in cost planning or budget, and risks. To prepare for the uncertainties, commitments are made in the project plan by the various participating agencies at the planning stage and implementation of the project plan is achieved through assessment of the progress. So, this research is conducted to work out the performance measurement methods to monitor the progress of the project, then further suggesting the improvement strategies for delays / overruns in the project. The research includes preparing the comparison chart between different deterministic & probabilistic methods to provide the criteria of choosing a particular method for performance monitoring & forecasting. Further, the performance improvement strategies are provided based on their applicability to different situations of the project. Finally, a universal performance management approach is proposed as the result of the study.

Environmental Management in German Hospitals—A Classification of Approaches

This paper analyzes organizational environmental performance and environmental management approaches in German hospitals. Based on data from an online survey and a subsequent cluster analysis, three groups of hospitals are identified: traditionalists, pragmatists, and environmentalists. The clusters differ regarding their organizational environmental performance, i.e., the environmental management elements adopted (policy, goals, structures, processes, and monitoring) and the environmental issues addressed (energy, water, material consumption, waste, emissions into water and air). The environmental management approaches hospitals adopt range from least to most active. Despite perceived stakeholder pressure being generally low, differences between the clusters can be observed. The most relevant stakeholders are internal ones, i.e., management and owners, rather than external ones. Furthermore, some organizational characteristics distinguish the clusters. This paper adds knowledge in the under-researched setting of hospitals and discusses managerial possibilities for the types of hospitals to increase their organizational environmental performance and to pursue a more holistic environmental approach.

From Measurement to Improvement in Ontario's Cancer System: Analyzing the Performance of 28 Provincial Indicators over 15 Years.

Over the past 15 years, Cancer Care Ontario has used a robust performance management approach to drive improvements in care. Each year, priority indicators and targets are selected or retained, and performance is reviewed quarterly with each of Ontario's Regional Cancer Programs. Improvement support and encouragement are provided, such as data analysis, program ranking, communities of practice, consultations, action plan requests and certificates. This article analyzes data on 28 indicators prioritized over these years and demonstrates that 25 have shown sustained improvement over time. The performance management approach, lessons learned and gaps in knowledge are described to inform future research and practice.

Measuring the impact of learning at the workplace on organisational performance

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to explore the importance of workplace learning in the context of performance measurement on an organisational level. It shows how workplace learning analytics can be grounded on professional identity transformation theory and integrated into performance measurement approaches to understand its organisation-wide impact.Design/methodology/approachIn a conceptual approach, a framework to measure the organisation-wide impact of workplace learning interventions has been developed. As a basis for the description of the framework, related research on relevant concepts in the field of performance measurement approaches, workplace learning, professional identity transformation, workplace and social learning analytics are discussed. A case study in a European Public Employment Service is presented. The framework is validated by qualitative evaluation data from three case studies. Finally, theoretical as well as practical implications are discussed.FindingsProfessional identity transformation theory provides a suitable theoretical framework to gain new insights into various dimensions of workplace learning. Workplace learning analytics can reasonably be combined with classical performance management approaches to demonstrate its organisation-wide impact. A holistic and streamlined framework is perceived as beneficial by practitioners from several European Public Employment Services.Research limitations/implicationsEmpirical data originates from three case studies in the non-profit sector only. The presented framework needs to be further evaluated in different organisations and settings.Practical implicationsThe presented framework enables non-profit organisations to integrate workplace learning analytics in their organisation-wide performance measurement, which raises awareness for the importance of social learning at the workplace.Originality/valueThe paper enriches the scarce research base about workplace learning analytics and its potential links to organisation-wide performance measurement approaches. In contrast to most previous literature, a thorough conceptualisation of workplace learning as a process of professional identity transformation is used.