Perfect State Research Articles

38. A rare constitutional 13q deletion associated with retinoblastoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The 13q deletion syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a wide phenotypic spectrum depending on the size and location of the deletion, with clinical features spanning intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism, congenital malformations, and retinoblastoma (Mitter et al., 2011). In the somatic setting, deletion of 13q14 is the most common cytogenetic abnormality in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), and is associated with a favorable outcome when present as the sole cytogenetic abnormality (Van Dyke et al., 2010). To date, published reports and review of the literature have not associated constitutional 13q deletions to an increased risk of CLL/SLL. Here, we describe the molecular and cytogenetic analysis of a 47-year-old male referred to our laboratory for CLL genetic analysis. By fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), peripheral blood nuclei exhibited a homozygous 13q14 deletion in ∼63% of nuclei, and a heterozygous deletion in the remaining ∼37% of nuclei. FISH also identified heterozygous loss of the RB1 gene region in ∼97% of nuclei, consistent with the patient's history of retinoblastoma. Conventional chromosome analysis identified a large del(13)(q14.1q21.2), and chromosome microarray (CMA) mapped the deletion to 13:43,773,101-69,897,491 (26.1Mb, hg19) in a perfect heterozygous state. In essential agreement with the FISH results, CMA also identified a homozygous 796Kb deletion including MIR16-1, MIR15A, and DLEU1/2 in ∼50% of cells; this homozygous deletion likely represents the CLL cell population. To our knowledge this is the first case of a constitutional 13q deletion associated with adult CLL. Given that monoallelic deletions of RB1 constitute ∼6% of RB1’s mutational spectrum (Albretch et al., 2005; Castéra et al., 2013), a better understanding of this patient may help explore the risk for adult-onset CLL in those individuals with an infantile history of retinoblastoma who carry an RB1 deletion rather than a point mutation.

Spectra of perfect state transfer Hamiltonians on fractal-like graphs

In this paper we study the spectral features, on fractal-like graphs, of Hamiltonians which exhibit the special property of perfect quantum state transfer (PQST): the transmission of quantum states without dissipation. The essential goal is to develop the theoretical framework for understanding the interplay between PQST, spectral properties, and the geometry of the underlying graph, in order to design novel protocols for applications in quantum information science. We present a new lifting and gluing construction, and use this to prove results concerning an inductive spectral structure, applicable to a wide variety of fractal-like graphs. We illustrate this construction with explicit examples for several classes of diamond graphs.

Tracing the main elements and electron orbitals that induce superconducting phase transition

The experimental determination of the superconducting transition requires the observation of the emergence of a zero-resistance and perfect diamagnetism state. Based on the close relationship between superconducting transition temperature () and electron density of states (DOS), we take two typical superconducting materials Hg and ZrTe3 as samples and calculate their DOS vs. temperature under different pressures by using the first-principle molecular dynamics simulations. According to the analysis of the calculation results, the main contributors that induce superconducting transitions are deduced by tracing the variation of partial density of states near . The microscopic mechanism of pressure induced increasing is further analyzed.

Abstract P259: The Association Between Sex, Gender and Health Status of Stroke Survivors in the Canadian Population

Background: Stroke is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases causing permanent disability, and decreased quality of life (QoL). Both sex and gender have been reported to be associated with health outcomes. Gender, unlike biological sex, encompasses the psycho-socio-cultural roles, behaviors and identities of men, women, and gender-diverse people. Hypothesis: To examine the association between sociocultural gender, biological sex and health status among stroke survivors in the Canadian population. Methods: Data from cycles 2013-2014 and 2015-16 (n=237,121) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were analyzed. The primary endpoint of the study was Health Utility Index (HUI), a measure of health status and QoL. This index measures a range of health domains (i.e. vision, hearing, speech, ambulation, dexterity, emotion, cognition, and pain) and ranges between -0.36 (severe health state) to 1 (perfect health state). A gender score was computed based on the Genesis-Praxy method, using a principal component analysis-derived propensity score method. The final gender scores ranging from 0 to 1 (higher score identifying characteristics traditionally ascribed to women) included household size, perceived life stress, education, sense of belonging to community, marital status, and income. All statistical analyses were performed using R (V.4.0.2) with survey design. Results: Amongst 3,773 (1.1%) stroke survivors in two cycles, 47.8% were female and a majority were older than 50 years (85.3%). Overall, 76.4% of the stroke survivors had moderate to severe HUI (<=0.88), however, this rate was higher in females (82.5% vs 70.2%, P<0.001). Median gender score was 0.49 [0.46-0.55]. Higher gender scores (OR=12.5, 95%CI=1.4-116.2, P=0.02) and female sex (OR=1.8, 95%CI=1.2-2.8, P=0.002) were independently associated with moderately to severely diminished health status (HUI) in a model adjusted for age, and comorbidities (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and history of cancer). Conclusion: Characteristics traditionally ascribed to women’s gender and female sex were associated with poorer health status in stroke survivors. Gender-related factors must be targeted for improving the health status of patients suffering from stroke.

Multiagent Reinforcement Learning: Rollout and Policy Iteration

We discuss the solution of complex multistage decision problems using methods that are based on the idea of policy iteration (PI), i.e., start from some base policy and generate an improved policy. Rollout is the simplest method of this type, where just one improved policy is generated. We can view PI as repeated application of rollout, where the rollout policy at each iteration serves as the base policy for the next iteration. In contrast with PI, rollout has a robustness property: it can be applied on-line and is suitable for on-line replanning. Moreover, rollout can use as base policy one of the policies produced by PI, thereby improving on that policy. This is the type of scheme underlying the prominently successful AlphaZero chess program. In this paper we focus on rollout and PI-like methods for problems where the control consists of multiple components each selected (conceptually) by a separate agent. This is the class of multiagent problems where the agents have a shared objective function, and a shared and perfect state information. Based on a problem reformulation that trades off control space complexity with state space complexity, we develop an approach, whereby at every stage, the agents sequentially (one-at-a-time) execute a local rollout algorithm that uses a base policy, together with some coordinating information from the other agents. The amount of total computation required at every stage grows linearly with the number of agents. By contrast, in the standard rollout algorithm, the amount of total computation grows exponentially with the number of agents. Despite the dramatic reduction in required computation, we show that our multiagent rollout algorithm has the fundamental cost improvement property of standard rollout: it guarantees an improved performance relative to the base policy. We also discuss autonomous multiagent rollout schemes that allow the agents to make decisions autonomously through the use of precomputed signaling information, which is sufficient to maintain the cost improvement property, without any on-line coordination of control selection between the agents. For discounted and other infinite horizon problems, we also consider exact and approximate PI algorithms involving a new type of one-agent-at-a-time policy improvement operation. For one of our PI algorithms, we prove convergence to an agent-by-agent optimal policy, thus establishing a connection with the theory of teams. For another PI algorithm, which is executed over a more complex state space, we prove convergence to an optimal policy. Approximate forms of these algorithms are also given, based on the use of policy and value neural networks. These PI algorithms, in both their exact and their approximate form are strictly off-line methods, but they can be used to provide a base policy for use in an on-line multiagent rollout scheme.

Transitionless phonon assisted photon-qubit quantum state transfer in a hybrid optomechanical system

Quantum state transfer is crucial for quantum information processing and quantum computation. Here, we propose a hybrid optomechanical system capable of coupling a qubit, an optical mode and a mechanical oscillator. The displacement of the mechanical oscillator, due to radiation pressure, induces spatial variation in the cavity field, which in turn couples the qubit with phonon mode. This allows state transfer between the cavity mode and the qubit without an actual interaction between them. We present a scheme for the transitionless quantum state transfer based on the transitionless quantum driving algorithm allowing us to achieve perfect state transfer.

Laplacian state transfer in edge complemented coronas

In this paper, we investigate the existence of Laplacian perfect state transfer and Laplacian pretty good state transfer in edge complemented coronas. We give sufficient conditions for edge complemented coronas to not have Laplacian perfect state transfer. In contrast, we also give sufficient conditions for edge complemented coronas to have Laplacian pretty good state transfer.

Baruch Brandl, Xiaoli Ouyang, Andrea M. Berlin, Sharon C. Herbert, Anastasia Shapiro. “A Persian Period Bulla from Tel Qedesh, Israel, and Its Implications for Relations between Tyre and Nippur”

In 1999, twenty years before this publication, a bulla in a perfect state of preservation was found in a Byzantine-period pit at Tel Qedesh. The fact that it was almost completely intact in all its parts, in combination with the relatively recent publication of cuneiform documents from private collections, has permitted the Authors to attribute the original stamp seal to the Persian period, to reconstruct the possible original sealing’s use context (a papyrus sealing) and to advance a hypothe...

A theorem of Joseph-Alfred Serret and its relation to perfect quantum state transfer

In this paper we recast the Serret theorem about a characterization of palindromic continued fractions in the context of polynomial continued fractions. Then, using the relation between symmetric tridiagonal matrices and polynomial continued fractions we give a quick exposition of the mathematical aspect of the perfect quantum state transfer problem.

Stochastic Motion Planning Under Partial Observability for Mobile Robots With Continuous Range Measurements

In this article, we address the problem of stochastic motion planning under partial observability, more specifically, how to navigate a mobile robot equipped with continuous range sensors, such as LIDAR. In contrast to many existing robotic motion planning methods, we explicitly consider the uncertainty of the robot state by modeling the system as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). Recent work on general purpose POMDP solvers is typically limited to discrete observation spaces, and does not readily apply to the proposed problem due to the continuous measurements from LIDAR. In this article, we build upon an existing Monte Carlo tree search method, partially observable Monte Carlo planning (POMCP), and propose a new algorithm POMCP++. Our algorithm can handle continuous observation spaces with a novel measurement selection strategy. The POMCP++ algorithm overcomes overoptimism in the value estimation of a rollout policy by removing the implicit perfect state assumption at the rollout phase. We validate POMCP++ in theory by proving it is a Monte Carlo tree search algorithm. Through comparisons with other methods that can also be applied to the proposed problem, we show that POMCP++ yields significantly higher success rate and total reward.

Religious Life as a State of Perfection

Religious Life as a State of Perfection

Control of magnetic vortex circulation in one-side-flat nanodisk pairs by in-plane magnetic filed

In a nanodisk made of soft ferromagnet, the magnetic vortex structure are highly stabilized, and the circulation directions of the vortices are naturally binary (either clockwise (CW) or counter-clockwise (CCW)), which can be associated with one bit of information, and thus the magnetic vortices have been of great interest recently. A vortex-circulation-based memory requires the perfect controllability of the circulation direction. From the circulation point of view, there are four possible ground states in a nanodisk pair: (CCW, CCW), (CCW, CW), (CW, CCW) and (CW, CW). In a perfect circular nanodisk, CW and CCW states are degenerate because of the high symmetry of the system. However, the circulation of the magnetic vortex is known to be controlled by introducing the asymmetry. It has been reported that the magnetic vortices with opposite (the same) circulations are realized in one-side-flat disk pair. That means in one-side-flat nanodisk pair only the control of two of these four ground states is possible, eg., (CCW, CW), (CW, CCW) or (CCW, CCW), (CW, CW). We found that the reversal of the magnetic vortex circulation is affected by the nanodisk thickness as well. By further introducing another asymmetry, different thickness, the control of the four circulation ground states is achieved in a nanodisk pair. In this work, the controllability of the four ground states in a nanodisk pair was numerically investigated via micromagnetic simulations. The results show that in a single one-side-flat nanodisk, there exists a preferred rotational sense at the remanent state after the nanodisk is saturated by the external magnetic field, applied parallel to the flat edge of the nanodisk. The shape anisotropy is the primary cause of this phenomenon. We further found that the obtained rotational senses of the magnetization in the vortex state in nanodisks with the same geometrical parameters but different thickness (20 nm and 50 nm) are opposite for the same direction of the externally applied field. This is attributed to the competition between the demagnetization field energy and the exchange energy during the vortex formation. The method we proposed provides a simple means of controlling the vortex state that can thus become a useful tool for designing vortex-based devices.

A Practical Quantum Network Coding Protocol Based on Non-Maximally Entangled State

In many earlier works, perfect quantum state transmission over the butterfly network can be achieved via quantum network coding protocols with the assist of maximally entangled states. However, in actual quantum networks, a maximally entangled state as auxiliary resource is hard to be obtained or easily turned into a non-maximally entangled state subject to all kinds of environmental noises. Therefore, we propose a more practical quantum network coding scheme with the assist of non-maximally entangled states. In this paper, a practical quantum network coding protocol over grail network is proposed, in which the non-maximally entangled resource is assisted and even the desired quantum state can be perfectly transmitted. The achievable rate region, security and practicability of the proposed protocol are discussed and analyzed. This practical quantum network coding protocol proposed over the grail network can be regarded as a useful attempt to help move the theory of quantum network coding towards practicability.

Quantum direct portation

Quantum state that carries classical information, 0 or 1, can be safely and reliably transmitted using quantum secure direct communication. How to transmit an arbitrary quantum state is a wider issue and has important applications. One way is to use quantum teleportation, namely, first distribute a large number of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs, and then perform entanglement purification to obtain a near-perfect pair, and make quantum teleportation using the pair. In this article, we propose a method that directly port the quantum state with security and reliability using quantum secure direct communication. After sufficient number of copies of the same state have been directly ported, single-particle purification is performed to obtain a near perfect single particle state. This is important because it offers a new method for sending an arbitrary single particle state securely and reliably without using quantum teleportation. It is also an important extension of quantum secure direct communication to send an arbitrary quantum state. Quantum direct portation will have great potential in quantum internet.

Philology and the History of Words: Some Notes on the Humanists’ Etymological Argumentation

The article concerns the influence of humanist scholarship on sixteenth-century etymological practices, testified in the Neo-Latin reference works and special treatises on linguistics and history. Being an important part of historical research, which relied mostly on Greek and Latin literary sources, etymology could not but adopt some important principles and instruments of contemporary philological work, notably on the source criticism. The foremost rule was to study the sources in their original language, form, and eliminate any corrupted data as well as any information not attested in written sources. This presumed that every text had its own written history, which tended to be a gradual deterioration of its state, represented in the manuscript tradition that was subject to scribal errors and misinterpretations. This view on the textual history was strikingly consonant with that on the history of languages, which was treated by the humanists as permanent corruption and inevitable degeneration from the noble and perfect state of their ancient ancestors. In an effort to restore the original text, philology used emendation as a cure for scribal abuse and textual losses; likewise, language historians had their own tool, namely etymology, to reconstruct and explain the original form of words (including the nomenclature of various sciences). The intersection of both procedures is taken into account in the article and it demonstrates how textual conjectures, manuscript collation, and graphical interpretation of misreadings were employed by the sixteenth-century scholars to corroborate their etymological speculations, which established themselves as one of the ways of the reception and criticism of classical scholarly heritage.

Чтение, письмо, исследование в творчестве Н. Ф. Федорова

The paper deals with the concept of reading developed by N. F. Fedorov. Reading is a part of the life-creating process aimed at resurrection — “sacred work of restoring” the lives of ancestors in the new world to come. Many Fedorov’s views on culture anticipate the ideas expressed in the first third of the 20th century, in particular, the arguments of M. O. Gershenzon in a famous dispute with Viach. Ivanov in “Correspondence from Two Angles” (1921), as well as directly anticipate the concepts of reading expressed in the works of M. O. Gershenzon and Lev Shestov. Fedorov speaks of the process of thinking as separating, not uniting. The separating is the price that humanity pays for the usefulness of such mechanisms of thinking as abstraction and analysis (breaking down, separation). At the same time, in Fedorov’s concept of reading (and the activities that continue it — writing and research) a synthesis of research work is shown through the achievement of a perfect state of the universe. The similar way of thinking was expressed later by M. O. Gershenzon in his theory of slow reading. Truth can be expressed only through the personal empathy of the reader, and the main goal of the process is creating the new world.

The ripeness of poetry—innovation in the concept of kāvyapāka as introduced by Bhoja

The paper examines the contribution of Bhoja, an 11th-century theoretician of Sanskrit literature, to the theory of kāvyapāka—the maturity or ripeness of poetry. The concept relies on comparison between a poem and a fruit as they likewise must come to fruition to reach perfection—the state when they are most pleasing to their recipients. The theory is mentioned in numerous important Sanskrit works on poetics. However, different theoreticians perceive the state of perfection in poetry somewhat differently. Bhoja provides yet one more view on this matter. Although he relies on his predecessors, and in some points agrees with them, he also offers fresh perspectives on the subject. The paper focuses on the analyses of relevant passages from Bhoja’s works, Sarasvatīkaṇṭhābharaṇa and Śṛṅgāraprakāśa, concerning the subject of kāvyapāka, and compares them with the views of other theoreticians as summarized in the first part of the study.

La formazione spirituale ignaziana al sacerdozio. Dal Collegio Romano all’Istituto di Spiritualità della Pontificia Università Gregoriana di Roma

"The Ignatian Spiritual Formation in The Priesthood. From the Roman College to the Institute of Spirituality of The Pontifical Gregorian University of Rome. The present study aims to analyze the importance of the spiritual formation of Seminarians and Priests in the present times. Assuming that the most delicate part of the formation concerns the work of the divine grace, the exhortations of the Pontiffs, from Leo XIII to Francis insist that the good dispositions of the Seminarians help them to find in their Formators the spirit, better understanding and all the help to reach the state of perfection, called priestly holiness. As one of the forms of the celebrations of the 60° anniversary of the Institute of Spirituality of the Pontifical Gregorian University, this paper also has the purpose of some genuine expressions of gratitude for the contributions of Fathers Herbert Alphonso and Maurizio Costa, two Jesuits who have been called to the Father’s House. Together with Father Franco Imoda, they were sensible toward the needs of the Church with great courage. As an answer to these expectations and on the explicit request from Congregation for the Catholic Education of the Holy See, Father Joseph Pittau S.I., the then Magnificent Rector of Pontifical Gregorian University, founded, the Interdisciplinary Center for the Formation of the Formators in Seminaries (CIFS = Centro Interdisciplinare per la Formazione dei Formatori nei Seminari) in May 1996. Our conclusions synthesize the results of the research, and place in prominence the mission of the Institute of Spirituality as an expression of its fidelity to the inheritance of the Roman College. Keywords: priestly spirituality, priestly and spiritual formation, formation of the formators, Ignatian pedagogy, prayer, theology, Roman College, the Ignatian vision of man, pastoral charity."

YUNINI COPY OF SAHIH AL-BUKHARI

Among the collections of hadiths, the work of Imam al-Bukhari “Sahih al-Bukhari” is recognized as the most reliable book of hadiths. From the history of the creation of the work, it is known that Imam al-Bukhari created this work with great patience and perseverance for 16 years. It should be noted that the ideal and perfect state in which it has come down to our days is the result of the enormous work put into it. This process consisted of several stages. At the frst stage, several storytellers listened to “Sahih” from Imam Bukhari himself and wrote the book directly in the presence of the Imam. The storytellers, in turn, were copied by their students. Gradually, various manuscripts of the work became widespread in Muslim countries. With the further distribution of copies, differences began to appear between them. In this regard, an important task was to generalize all copies of the manuscript, identify the differences between them, and compile the most reliable text of the work. Among those who tried to carry out this noble work was Sharafddin al-Yunini (d. 701/1302). By comparing his various narratives, he created the most authentic text, Sahih al-Bukhari, known to date. As a result of his diligence and great efforts in the feld of science, the alYunini’s version became the main text of Sahih al-Bukhari. In 1893, Sultan Abdulhamid Khan (d. 701/1302). issued a decree on the publication of Sahih Bukhari based on a copy of al-Yunini. The fact that this edition was produced by al-Azhar’s team of 16 scholars in the largest printing house of the time, Bulaq Amiriya, is in recognition of the great interest in al-Yunini’s work and creativity. This article discusses issues related to the creation of the frst copies of Sahih al-Bukhari, the research work of alYunini, and the publication of the work in the printing house Bulak-Amiriya. At the beginning of the article, information is given about the narrators who transmitted Sahih al-Bukhari directly from Imam al-Bukhari. It then discusses the spread of the work in the Islamic world, the appearance of various copies, and the differences between them. The main part of the article is devoted to the cal-Yunini’s version of Sahih al-Bukhari, the most reliable manuscript, and the history of its writing. At the end of the article, the publication of Sahih al-Bukhari in Egypt is described in detail based on the Greek version during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II.

Wavefront shaping with a tunable metasurface: Creating cold spots and coherent perfect absorption at arbitrary frequencies

Modern electronic systems operate in complex electromagnetic environments and must handle noise and unwanted coupling. The capability to isolate or reject unwanted signals for mitigating vulnerabilities is critical in any practical application. In this work, we describe the use of a binary programmable metasurface to (i) control the spatial degrees of freedom for waves propagating inside an electromagnetic cavity and demonstrate the ability to create nulls in the transmission coefficient between selected ports; and (ii) create the conditions for coherent perfect absorption. Both objectives are performed at arbitrary frequencies. In the first case a novel and effective optimization algorithm is presented that selectively generates coldspots over a single frequency band or simultaneously over multiple frequency bands. We show that this algorithm is successful with multiple input port configurations and varying optimization bandwidths. In the second case we establish how this technique can be used to establish a multi-port coherent perfect absorption state for the cavity.