Ideological Perceptions Research Articles

Concept of the Idea of Non-Binary Gender and Androgyny: Theoretical Aspects of the Phenomena of the Present Time

The anthropological revolution, which fell on the XX and XXI centuries, turned not only the ideological (philosophical) perception of the world by society, but also made changes to the socio-cultural aspect of life, expanding the idea of the desires of surrounding people and adding such concepts as "sex" and "gender". In turn, postantropological time, that is, the period after the great cultural and social crisis, significantly expanded the capabilities of society in relation to legalization of a new type of human — "non-binary gender". Despite the new realities, modern Russia adheres to the traditional binary gender system, in which the terms "sex" and "gender" are opposite categories, separating men and women. The article studies the philosophy of the phenomenon of androgyny, which was studied by thinkers and public figures of many eras. This movement had a great influence on the works of contemporaries, including Judith Butler, who, as part of her theory, considered the concept of androgynous as a self-sufficient creature. This research shows the connection between androgyny and non-binary gender, studies an alternative to basic theories about gender, which is not included in the generally accepted concepts and emphasizes the policy of the Russian Federation in relation to strengthening family values, long-standing traditions, as well as to the sex definition adopted at the state level.

Association Between Risk Perceptions of COVID-19, Political Ideology, and Mask-Wearing Behavior After the Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey in South Korea.

After the declaration by the World Health Organization signaling the conclusion of the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries lifted mandatory mask-wearing regulations. This study aimed to investigate factors such as risk perception and political ideology associated with continued adherence to mask-wearing among specific populations, particularly when it is no longer deemed necessary. We conducted a cross-sectional study including a sample of 1001 respondents stratified by sex, age (≥ 18 years), and region from January 31 to February 2, 2023, after the mandatory mask regulation was lifted in South Korea. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate the relationships between risk perceptions, political ideology, and mask-wearing maintenance, adjusting for factors such as sex, age, occupation, and trust in the government. Our results indicated significant associations between age, self-reported household economic status, political ideology, affective risk perception, and perceived effectiveness of the government's COVID-related measures with indoor mask-wearing. Specifically, liberals were more likely to keep mask-wearing indoors than conservatives (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33-3.59); and those who perceived a greater affective risk of COVID-19 (aOR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.96-3.10), along with those who perceived the government's countermeasures as inadequate, were more inclined to maintain the habit of wearing masks indoors (aOR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.19-3.03). Our study highlighted the multifaceted factors influencing mask-wearing behavior in the post-COVID-19 era. Even after adjusting for various confounding factors, such as age, sex, and trust in the government, an association remained between affective risk perception, political ideology, and mask-wearing behavior. However, further research for psychological mechanisms is needed to foster a culture of preventive behaviors proportional to the risk of infection.

Violence against civilians and public support for the state: The moderating role of governance and ideology

When state armed forces engage in violence against civilians during civil wars, why do some citizens continue to support the government? I argue that individuals’ support for the state in such contexts is shaped by the interplay between their perceptions of violence, governance and ideology. Drawing on research concerning motivated reasoning, I suggest that ideological similarity with and effective governance from the state can alleviate the negative effect of military violence against civilians on support for the state and, conversely, augment the positive effect of insurgent abuse on attitudes toward the government. Analysis of seven years of surveys fielded by the Latin American Public Opinion Project in Colombia between 2005 and 2011 suggests that individuals’ responses to victimization by the state’s armed forces depend on whether the individuals are ideologically aligned with the state. More specifically, among people who have an ideology similar to that of the president, military victimization has a less negative effect on support for the armed forces and for the national government. There is also mixed evidence that the quality of state governance, particularly the provision of security from crime, shapes the ways people respond to victimization. While existing studies primarily focus on the effects of either violence or governance on attitudes toward the state, these findings indicate that a more complete theory of why people support governments which engage in violence against civilians requires an understanding of not only violence but also of governance and ideology.

Family Language Ideology in English and Academic Performance of Junior High School Students in Chongzuo City of Guangxi Border Areas

The study aimed to explore the family language ideology in English and academic achievement among junior high school students. By adopting a quantitative approach, data were collected from students. The findings indicated that students had a negative perception towards English as a destructive language, held a favorable view of English as a pluralistic language, and recognized its importance in embracing diversity but also perceiving it as relatively irrelevant to their local community. The results also revealed no significant relationship between students' perception of family language ideology and their English grades. The study highlighted the need for comprehensive language programs with differentiated instruction and interventions to enhance students' language proficiency. Recommendations include promoting multilingualism, enhancing cultural sensitivity and curriculum, involving community, implementing long-term research to delve into qualitative studies to gain deeper insights into language attitudes and academic performance among students, and considering the socio-cultural context.

‘She is not a virgin so why refuse the lecturer sex?’: An appraisal of cyberspace discourse of sexual harassment in Nigerian tertiary institutions

This study argues that online discourse about female victims of sexual harassment contain stances and stereotypical assumptions that portray negative attitudes towards the victims. Using Martin and White’s Appraisal Theory aided by Lazar’s Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis, it analyses the attitudes and opinions of Nigerian online participants about the victims, and discusses the ideological perceptions about them in order to explicate the nature of discursivity and stance-taking in online discussions on sexual harassment cases in Nigerian Universities. The data comprise 500 readers’ comments on online narrations about sexual harassment in five Nigerian universities downloaded from Nairaland.com . Findings reveal the use of negative affect and judgement expressed towards victims of sexual harassment present them as liars and willing accomplices in the harassment situation. Also, dimensions of ideological perceptions of females portray them as guilty victims whose behaviours and actions instigated the harassment.

MZ세대 미혼 남성의 부성 이데올로기에 관한 비판적 학습 경험

The purpose of this study is to help unmarried men in the MZ generation understand in-depth the fatherhood learning of unmarried young man by examining the critical learning experience of fatherhood ideology. It analyzed and interpreted the process of critical learning on fatherhood ideology of unmarried men of the MZ generation in a socio-cultural context, and furthermore, how the transformation of fatherhood ideology centered on young men appears at a microscopic level through transformative learning theory and autoethnography. As a result of the study, the process of transforming fatherhood ideology by unmarried men in the MZ generation can be explained as the transformative learning that changed meaning schematics and semantic perspectives through critical self-reflection on the experience of fatherhood ideology and acquired self-knowledge of fatherhood based on this. The results of this study will contribute to expanding the base of fatherhood research by exploring in-depth the learning experiences of unmarried men in the young generation, which previous studies have missed. In addition, this study will be meaningful as an empirical basic data to understand the change in perception of fatherhood ideology of the young generation, which has the position just before becoming a father.

Negotiating between gender, national and professional identities: The work-experience of Israeli-Palestinian women journalists

This paper analyzes the work experience of Israeli-Palestinian women journalists who reside and work in Israel for local news organizations or non-Israeli news agencies. It focuses on their experiences related to the intersected axes of their gender, ethnic, and national identities. Through thematic analysis of narrative interviews with 24 Palestinian women journalists, the study reveals that their work experiences vary between exclusion and inclusion among different news organizations. Israeli-Palestinian women journalists face barriers getting jobs at mainstream news agencies because of their accent; and when they apply to local Arab news organizations, they confront recruiting procedures based on a clan system that discriminates against women. However, a few of them report an advantage when trying to enter mainstream news organizations based on their image as an “authentic Arab woman.” Additionally, the study finds that the professional identity of all interviewees is closely connected to their ideological perceptions and political aims.

How does social media influence expectations, decision making and experiences of childbirth?

Background/Aims Ideological perceptions of normal, physiological birth can be potentially dangerous. Clinicians highlighted to the Health and Social Care Committee how social media affects this, believing that the ‘pressure’ of social media contributing to ‘a big expectation of normality’ among expectant parents. This review's aims were to explore the available literature to support this statement and provide a contemporary insight that incorporates the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This review was a qualitative meta-synthesis of literature identified in April 2022 using seven subject specific electronic databases: CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, AMED, APA PsychInfo, APA PyschArt, MIDIRS and The British Nursing Database. Five qualitative primary research papers were critiqued and summarised. Results The first theme was focused on how social media reshapes and marginalises narratives of birth; the dominant narrative of medicalised birth is reinforced, but the curated narrative around physiological birth can also be problematic. The second theme encompassed how social media alters women's autonomy and agency in decision making about birth by affecting information sharing and their sense of connection. Conclusions Social media can contribute to an ideological perception of normal birth, creating additional pressures on women. However, a medicalised portrayal of birth, which women conform to, dominates these spaces. Social media both supports, and threatens, women's ability to make informed decisions about childbirth.

Hilltop Youth and New Media: The Formation of a Young Religious Digital-Resistance Community

“Hilltop youth” is the name for young religious Jewish people in Israel who, separated from their families, are living in illegal outposts on hilltops throughout Judea and Samaria. The group’s unique religious, sociological, and ideological characteristics differentiate them from other religious communities previously studied in relation to digital culture. In this study, we offer a new angle that provides insight into the hilltop youth’s religious–ideological perception while focusing on their attitude toward new media, smartphones, and social networks, in particular, an attitude that is part of their self-definition as a separatist community. The findings present and discuss the different layers represented within the hilltop youth’s media resistance and how this media-negating ideological position shapes the group’s perception as a religious community that is a counterculture to religious and social sectors in Israel.

How authenticity of corporate social responsibility affects organizational attractiveness: Stakeholder perceptions of organizational ideology

AbstractDespite the impact of ideologies on corporate social responsibility (CSR), little is known whether the authenticity of CSR can be assessed in the face of ideological tensions. Following cognitive dissonance and attribution theories, this study investigates the impact of CSR authenticity, which is conceptualized as a function of (1) the ideological fit between company and its CSR initiative and (2) the perceived motive of an ideologically distinct initiative, on organizational attractiveness. Findings of a survey on 253 respondents reveal that while both dimensions of CSR authenticity affect organizational attractiveness, the fit between company and its CSR has a higher effect than does the social motive of CSR. Moreover, positive attitudes toward the CSR initiative as well as the company itself both mediate these relationships. The study shows taking an ideological perspective in authenticity is a relevant approach to understand CSR in the politically polarized contexts of most countries.

Trinary Views of Secularism: Transitional Ideological Perception of Tertiary Educated People in Bangladesh

This study attempts to explore the meaning of secularism among the tertiary educated young people and to understand their perception on related issues. This paper follows mixed methods, namely convenience surveys and content analysis of credible secondary sources. From the findings, it is interesting to see that many of them opine about having ‘state religion’ besides ‘secularism’ as a basic constitutional principle (61.9%/38.1%). They believe in equal treatment for all minority religions, while at the same time they share their perception of giving priority to ‘Islam’ as the dominant religion (57.1%), which could be labelled ‘ paradoxical’. This article argues that the ideological perception is going into transition among the young people in Bangladesh with the transition of socio-economic context, which is different from the previous linear understanding of pro-secular and anti-secular dynamics. This paper also provides some pragmatic way outs from young people on how to secure the rights of minority religions in Bangladesh.

TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY OF MEITEI COMMUNITY AND ITS ASSOCIATED BELIEF SYSTEMS

The present paper aims to understand the textile tradition in relation to its technology and associated beliefs of the Meitei community of Manipur. Technology not only means understanding raw materials, tools/implements, and processes of the technological system, but it also incorporates the psyche of the craftsmen and cultural values. Textile carries the cultural knowledge and ideological perception embedded in the community's social, economic, and political structures. Moreover, the tangible and intangible dimensions of technology reflect the collective Meitei folklife. Meitei traditional technology shapes not only the communal identity but also holds their social norms, values, belief systems, and gender identity. An account of ethnographic study has been approached to understand the values, norms, beliefs, and worldview of the Meitei community employing various tools and methods like an interview, focus group, and observation method. Therefore, the paper tries to study textile technology to understand the community's cultural expressive behavior.

In the city of two springs: Perceptions of Mosul’s Jewish quarter among Zionist and Alliance Israélite Universelle emissaries

ABSTRACT The article discusses the reports and accounts of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and Zionist emissaries regarding life Jewish Quarter of Mosul (Mahallat al-Yahud) during the first half of the twentieth century. As a dynamic and open Jewish space, the quarter expressed the development of the Jewish community in the ‘city of two springs’, as Mosul was known among its inhabitants. The article discusses the ideological perceptions expressed in the accounts of the emissaries on life in the Jewish Quarter. The emissaries concentrated on aspects relating to the process of modernization, while describing the Jewish Quarter as a Jewish ghetto.

”Yhteinen henkinen tila”

The fame of the Finnish composer Yrjö Kilpinen (1892–1959) in Nazi Germany was evident in newspapers and classical music magazines. In this article, I examine how Nazi propaganda was constructed in German newspaper articles related to Yrjö Kilpinen from 1934 to 1944.
 Since the end of World War II, questions have lingered regarding Kilpinen’s associations with the Third Reich. As a member of Nazi cultural organisations such as Ständiger Rat für internationale Zusammenarbeit der Komponisten and as a friend of baritone Gerhard Hüsch, Reich Chamber of Music’s vice president Paul Graener and Ständiger Rat delegate Emil von Reznicek, Kilpinen made a career in Germany that was at its peak from 1934 until 1944. This article examines how Kilpinen’s fame was viewed in the press.
 I suggest that the Nazi newspaper articles did not highlight Kilpinen’s status as an independent artist but instead focused on building a common national identity between Finland and Germany, based on National Socialist journalists’ and Kilpinen’s perceptions of Finnishness and national socialist ideology. This study is based on the discourse-historical approach, which maintains that national identity is formed in discourses of identification, solidarity and differentiation. The central aim of the study is to identify the discursive strategies whereby the connection between Finland and Germany was built.
 The research material consists of eleven Nazi Germany newspaper and magazine articles about Yrjö Kilpinen. In the analysis, two discourses emerge that emphasize similarity between Finland and Germany: 1) Nordisch and 2) Volk and völkisch. With these discourses, the press aimed to build a common national identity by linking National Socialist ideology to Finland and Yrjö Kilpinen.

Между наукой и идеологическим прессингом: политическое осмысление Гражданской войны в Советской России в 1917–1922 годах

Introduction. The article explores the process and circumstances of understanding war as a political phenomenon in Soviet Russia 1917–1922, describes their impact on practice and theory development. For this purpose, the author studies the related political and ideological circumstances, characterizes the theory of class warfare and shows the specifics of understanding of the link between war and politics. Methodology and research methods. The methodology is based on political realism and the recognition of war as a complex, volatile and contradictory political phenomenon. The article identifies the causality between the attitudes of the Soviet leadership, political practice and theoretical approaches to the study of war, taking into account real political situations, processes and decisions. Analysis. The study of war as a political phenomenon took place in the context of policy impact of the ideology and doctrinal principles of the state. Two approaches have emerged in the development of the theory of war. The first was characterized by a pronounced ideological perception of the war. The second approach was marked by the recognition of the political nature and determination of war, while avoiding the discussion on the mechanism of implementation of Soviet political institutions into military theory and practice. Under these conditions, the synthesis of the two research paradigms was impossible. As a result, the first approach that didn’t recognize the existence of alternative points of view in the study of war began to prevail. Results. In the early years of Soviet power, the scientific study of war turned out to be secondary in relation to the official ideological and doctrinal guidelines, which eventually began to formulate the comprehension of war as a political phenomenon. This situation, with minor changes, remained in the subsequent decades, which had consequences for the country’s defense and the use of military force.

Islam and the state: Indonesian mosque administrators’ perceptions of Pancasila, Islamic sharia and transnational ideology

In many cases, mosques have been accused by anti-terror agencies as a potential place to spread transnational Islamic ideologies. This study examines the perceptions of mosque administrators (ta’mīr) about Pancasila, Islamic sharia and transnational ideology. This research took place in South Tambun, a densely populated subdistrict in Bekasi, West Java. Mostly populated by urbanites, it has heterogeneous religious understanding. A quantitative research method with descriptive statistics is used in this study to analyse the results of the survey conducted. Furthermore, a qualitative technique is carried out through a series of interviews conducted with the respondents. Triangulation is carried out to increase the validity and credibility of the findings. The results showed that 40% of mosque administrators surveyed thought that transnational ideologies were not in accordance with the spirit of Pancasila. Meanwhile, the remaining 40% and 20% of respondents, respectively, consider transnational ideologies to be dangerous to social order, and divisive. The qualitative analysis shows that the respondents do not want the implementation of Islamic sharia and an Islamic state within the Indonesian constitutional framework.Contribution: This research can be used by policymakers and anti-terror agents to proportionally and participatively involve mosque administrators to narrow the wiggle room for the spread of transnational ideology.

Donald Trump’s Effect on Who is Considered “Conservative”

Conservative intellectuals have expressed concern that Donald Trump has tarnished the conservative brand with his authoritarian-populist rhetoric and style of governing. What exactly is Donald Trump’s effect on this ideological label? In this paper I replicate work showing that members of Congress who have openly supported Trump are seen as more conservative than those who do not openly support him. I then test this relationship experimentally and explore whether a pro (or anti) Trump cue alone drives this perception or whether other perceived, unstated issue positions might influence this result. I find that supporting Trump moves candidates rightward compared to a control group, and this effect is about twice as large as the anti-Trump cue which moves candidates leftward. I also find that candidates who support Trump are more likely to be associated with additional issue-related content, which could affect ideological perception. Roadmaps for extensions are also discussed.

Transparency of agriculture companies: rationale of responsible investment for better decision making under sustainability

Purpose. The purpose of the article – to explore transparency under sustainability among agricultural companies in Ukraine (company “Kernel”) and the Czech Republic (company “Agrofert”) with further recommendations and implications related to reporting.
 Methodology / approach. Qualitative estimations of sustainability transparency are based on Sustainability Transparency Index (STI) calculations. Methodology of this index is based on binary estimations of a number of transparency criterions including links to sustainability information; existence of sustainable development policy; availability of sustainability and SDG reports; disclosure according to ESG criteria and specifics SDGs as well as other relevant goals related to SDG and sustainable development.
 Results. Sustainability transparency from 2016 till 2019 in Agrofert and Kernel was almost the same. But since 2019 after Kernel introduced a number of steps to increase its transparency the situation has changed dramatically. STI index has increased from 32 in 2019 to 80 in 2021. STI values for Agrofert were unchanged in 2020 (the latest available period of analysis). As a result, Kernel’s financial results and indicators have demonstrated significant improvement both absolute and relative. For example, net profit increased by more than 1000 %, investment cash-flow by 100 %, ROE – by 500 % and ROIC by 140 %.
 Originality / scientific novelty. New empirical results based on qualitative estimations of sustainability transparency for the agriculture companies from different countries are provided. Current study covers the existing research gap, proved by bibliometric analysis tool, for instance in pure academic discussion in measurement, comparison and benchmarking of agricultural companies’ transparency for the responsible investment purpose. Recommendations for sustainability transparency improvement are proposed. They are intended on better perception of sustainability ideology and incorporation of ESG/SDG criterion by agriculture companies in Ukraine and especially Czech Republic, levelling the informational asymmetry and moral risks for their investors and create better investment rationale for decision making under sustainability. 
 Practical value / implications. The most efficient steps include the following ones: development and implementation of sustainability policy; emergence of specific reports based on ESG criteria; implementation of SDGs in activity of the company with further prioritization of these criteria within two groups. Further study in this field might be devoted to sustainability transparency comparison for agriculture companies in different branch in Ukraine and Czech Republic. Spreading the scope and sample of research allows making cross-industries STI benchmarking analysis.

Transparency of agriculture companies: rationale of responsible investment for better decision making under sustainability

Purpose. The purpose of the article – to explore transparency under sustainability among agricultural companies in Ukraine (company “Kernel”) and the Czech Republic (company “Agrofert”) with further recommendations and implications related to reporting.
 Methodology / approach. Qualitative estimations of sustainability transparency are based on Sustainability Transparency Index (STI) calculations. Methodology of this index is based on binary estimations of a number of transparency criterions including links to sustainability information; existence of sustainable development policy; availability of sustainability and SDG reports; disclosure according to ESG criteria and specifics SDGs as well as other relevant goals related to SDG and sustainable development.
 Results. Sustainability transparency from 2016 till 2019 in Agrofert and Kernel was almost the same. But since 2019 after Kernel introduced a number of steps to increase its transparency the situation has changed dramatically. STI index has increased from 32 in 2019 to 80 in 2021. STI values for Agrofert were unchanged in 2020 (the latest available period of analysis). As a result, Kernel’s financial results and indicators have demonstrated significant improvement both absolute and relative. For example, net profit increased by more than 1000 %, investment cash-flow by 100 %, ROE – by 500 % and ROIC by 140 %.
 Originality / scientific novelty. New empirical results based on qualitative estimations of sustainability transparency for the agriculture companies from different countries are provided. Current study covers the existing research gap, proved by bibliometric analysis tool, for instance in pure academic discussion in measurement, comparison and benchmarking of agricultural companies’ transparency for the responsible investment purpose. Recommendations for sustainability transparency improvement are proposed. They are intended on better perception of sustainability ideology and incorporation of ESG/SDG criterion by agriculture companies in Ukraine and especially Czech Republic, levelling the informational asymmetry and moral risks for their investors and create better investment rationale for decision making under sustainability. 
 Practical value / implications. The most efficient steps include the following ones: development and implementation of sustainability policy; emergence of specific reports based on ESG criteria; implementation of SDGs in activity of the company with further prioritization of these criteria within two groups. Further study in this field might be devoted to sustainability transparency comparison for agriculture companies in different branch in Ukraine and Czech Republic. Spreading the scope and sample of research allows making cross-industries STI benchmarking analysis.

Translating Transgender: English Pushed to the Limits in José Donoso’s El lugar sin límites

A devastating Sunday in the tumultuous life of a 60-year-old transvestite, co-owner of a brothel with her/his virgin daughter La Japonesita, sets up a bloody storyline that takes readers to the Chilean town of El Olivo through the pen of José Donoso and his seminal work El lugar sin límites (1966). The novella unravels the internal struggles of the fictional town dominated by the patriarchal prominent landowner, Alejandro Cruz. The story provides an account of situations that transpire as a result of the actions of La Manuela, as s/he moves across traditional constructed sex/gender boundaries while becoming involved with a hypermasculine character, Pancho, who wrestles with homoerotic desires. A gendered reading of this novel takes into consideration the way in which sexual difference is inscribed discursively in the text, and how the translation into English by Suzanne Jill Levine’s (Hell Has No Limits, 1995) exposes the interplay of gender and social control. The analysis conducted in this article is of a descriptive nature, and it intends to point out decisions taken by the translator in order to represent the multilayered and flexible gender identities shown in the Spanish text and how they are rendered into English in order to portray the fictional characters. A careful analysis of the renditions of key passages will bring to light the translator’s perceptions of the gendered ideology within the novel. English is pushed to the limits in order to represent the sexual identities of this gender-laden Spanish text.