Parental Perceptions Research Articles

Personality and motivation of physical activity in adolescent girls: effects of perceived parental support and social physical anxiety

In the present study, we investigated the relationship between personality and motivation for physical activity while introducing perceived parental support and social physical anxiety in adolescent girls (N = 318, Mage: 16.19 ± 0.51 years). The present study was a retrospective correlational study that was conducted to analyze of a path model. Dark triad traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, student’s motivation for physical activity, social physique anxiety, and participants’ perceptions of parents’ behaviors were measured. The findings indicated that psychopathy and Machiavellianism were directly and indirectly associated with motivation for physical activity, but Narcissism could only directly predict the motivation for physical activity. Also, need-thwarting (the most), need-supportive and social physical anxiety could predict motivation for physical activity. This model of the result suggests that among adolescent girls, dark triad personality could, directly and indirectly, predict motivation with need-supportive and need-thwarting and also social physical anxiety. It seems that the sense of importance and more attention to oneself in adolescent girls, which exists in the narcissistic personality, can directly lead to more motivation for physical activity. Also, the duplicitous ways of Machiavellian people in pursuing their motives were confirmed in this research.

ESL Learning Environment for B40 Primary School Pupils: Issues, Challenges and Strategies

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of low-income parents and pupils in a primary school on improving the current policy management with regard to financial assistance, and other related aids to improve students’ academic performance including the English Language. Method/design/approach: A case study qualitative study design was employed. Data was collected by a semi-structured individual interview involving 40 pupils from Sarawak, Malaysia. The data from the interview responses were triangulated using observation and document analysis. The data gathered was analysed thematically. Results and conclusion: The findings were divided into three themes which are the Current Policy for B40 pupils in Improving ESL Learning, the challenges faced and the support that pupils require to improve ESL Learning. The findings indicate that parents face difficulties meeting the pupils’ demands at school, which go beyond fundamental necessities that include providing adequate updated resources to assist 21st-century education, mental and emotional support for today’s generation. B40 pupils are concerned with demanding resources such as devices connected to the internet, reference books in English and motivational workshops. The limitations of B40 pupils are more apparent now, due to vast technological advancements in education. Research implications: This study could assist the relevant authority in developing a policy on managing support to B40 households for educational purposes by producing a new outline to assist B40 in the education atmosphere nowadays. Originality/value: This study explores low-income parents and pupils' perceptions of educational support policies in Sarawak, Malaysia, focusing on ESL learning. It provides insights into challenges faced by B40 households, offering recommendations for policy development and improved educational outcomes.

Pengaruh Pendapatan dan Persepsi Orang Tua Mengenai Pembelajaran Online Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Minat Masuk Perguruan Tinggi di Kecamatan Ende Tengah

This study aims to determine the effect of income and parental perceptions of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on interest in entering higher education in the district of Central Ende. The type of research used is quantitative and qualitative research with observation data collection techniques and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used classical assumption test and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was no significant influence between parental income on interest in entering higher education in Central Ende sub-district and there was a positive and significant influence between parents' perceptions of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on interest in entering higher education in Central Ende sub-district.

Influenza Vaccine Uptake in Italy-The 2022-2023 Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Campaign in Italy: An Update from the OBVIOUS Project.

Influenza is a significant public health concern, with Italy being profoundly impacted annually. Despite extensive vaccination campaigns and cooperative initiatives between the Public Health Departments of Local Healthcare Authorities and family physicians, low vaccine uptake rates persist. This study builds upon the OBVIOUS project, providing an updated picture of influenza vaccine uptake in Italy through a representative sample. A cross-sectional computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) survey of 10,001 Italian citizens was conducted between 31 March and 5 June 2023. Our findings underscore the negative impact of a lack of awareness that a person is in a priority group for influenza vaccination (-26.1 percentage points in vaccine uptake) and the profound influence of social circles on vaccination decisions (-5 percentage points when unfavorable). Medical professionals played a pivotal role, with recommendations from family doctors significantly promoting vaccine uptake (+20.2 percentage points). Age, chronic conditions, and socio-demographic factors also influenced vaccination behaviors. For children, parental negative perceptions regarding the flu (-10.4 percentage points) and vaccine safety (-23.4 percentage points) were crucial determinants. The present study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach addressing awareness, societal beliefs, and tailored medical advice to enhance vaccination rates and protect public health in Italy.

Family experiences reported by healthcare worker parents during the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeParents, who were working as essential frontline healthcare workers experienced unique stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic including disruption of regular routines, long lapses away from family, extreme work stress and subsequent difficulty in compartmentalizing work-related concerns when at home. The purpose of this study was to assess COVID-19 exposure and impact of frontline healthcare workers who are parents. Design & methodsThis study quantitatively assessed the COVID-19 exposure and impact and qualitatively explored perceptions of parents of children 9 to 17 years of age, who were also frontline healthcare workers. ResultsParticipants (N = 79) using the COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey (CEFIS) reported exposure mean scores of 10.03 (SD = 2.63); and impact scores mean scores of 3.18 (SD = 0.46). Thematic analysis identified four themes, each with 2 subthemes: 1) family stressors increased (e.g., concerns about health and safety, losses of lifestyle patterns); 2) changes in children's health and well-being (e.g., isolation from family and friends, mental health problems); 3) virtual school difficulties (e.g., parent and student challenges, home school option); 4) skill building opportunities (e.g., enhanced emotional connections, increased family activities). ConclusionThe CHAMPS Family Health Study suggests that families of essential workers are especially vulnerable to the effect of COVID-19, as are those families of essential workers who include child/ren with special health care needs. Practice implicationsPreparation for future emergencies requires strategies to mitigate consequences and promote well-being. These results highlight the need for supportive approaches to decrease the negative consequences of stress and to augment skills for family connection and cooperation.

The Children’s Platform: A Parenting Course for Developing and Maintaining Children’s Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence – Parental Perceptions of Its Use

The Children’s Platform: A Parenting Course for Developing and Maintaining Children’s Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence – Parental Perceptions of Its Use

Correlates of loneliness and dissatisfaction following SARS pandemic lockdown: Child and parent perspective.

Background Studying loneliness among children is important because it causes much social pain and is considered to be a risk factor for many mental and physical problems. Methods We did an online survey between July and September 2020 among students and their parents from a cluster of government and private schools chosen from north, south, east and west of Chandigarh. The survey consisted of child and parent versions of the Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire, Parent-Child Relationship (PCR) Questionnaire and Conflict Behaviour Questionnaire SF. Parental distress was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. Results The majority of children and parent participants reported high loneliness and dissatisfaction among children. A significant positive association was found between children and parent reported loneliness and dissatisfaction, and between child reported PCR and parent perception of PCR. A child's appraisal of her loneliness had a significant negative association with depression among parents. Parent's perception of child loneliness and dissatisfaction was negatively associated with PCR and parental anxiety. High loner boys reported poor quality of relationship and more conflicts with their parents than girls. Children who share cordial relations with their parents had fewer conflicts and also scored low on loneliness. Conclusion These results suggest that the issue of loneliness and dissatisfaction among children has attained epidemic proportions in the Covid-19 era, and active interventions are needed to safeguard the mental health of children. Our study emphasizes the need to plan guidance strategies with a joint effort of schools and families to strengthen within family relations of children.

Evaluation of Parents' Perceptions of the Dental and Oral Health in Children with Disability in the Bandung City.

Children with disability have a risk of poor dental health because of their mental and physical limitations. They depend on caregivers in their daily life Parents have an important role in maintaining children's dental health. Parents attitudes can be influenced by parents' perceptions of children's dental health. This study explored parental perceptions regarding the dental and oral health of children with special needs in Bandung City. This study utilized a descriptive observational research using a cross-sectional survey. The subjects in this study were 239 parents who had children aged 0-18 years who were taken from 9 special schools. The variables of this study were parents' perceptions and the dental and oral health status of children with disability. Primary data were obtained through a validated questionnaire. Parents' perceptions of the dental and oral health of children with disability consists of 84.94% good enough perceptions, 12.13% good perceptions, and 2.93% bad perceptions. Most parents have a fairly good perception of the dental and oral health of children with special needs.

Exploring parental risk perceptions in family travel in rural destinations

ABSTRACT Family travel can offer an enjoyable and enriching experience for both parents and children, but it also comes with potential risks. Children's vulnerability is a significant concern during family trips, making it imperative for parents to address these risks. Drawing upon protection motivation theory and employing a mixed-method approach, the study aimed to examine parental perceptions of risks associated with children during trips to rural areas, utilizing the phenomenological method alongside exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The findings reveal that parents perceive five types of risks pertaining to their children during vacations, including risks related to safety and health, environmental and natural hazards, social interactions, child safety and security and emotional and psychological well-being. Furthermore, two distinct mechanisms that parents use to manage risks were also identified: prevention and readiness/reaction mechanisms. Overall, this study contributes to the emerging field of child-centric tourism research by illuminating parents’ distinctive risk perception and management strategies during family vacations, offering insights for the development of tourism policies and practices that prioritize the safety and well-being of children and families.

Examining Child Labour in Stone Quarrying in the GA West Municipality, Ghana

ABSTRACTChild labour is a complex social problem worldwide, affecting the physical, moral and educational development of children. A cross sectional quantitative survey research design was used to assess child labour in quarrying activities of the Ga West Municipality, Ghana. The municipality was selected due to evidence in literature of children engaging in quarrying activities. The study examined child labour occurrence and intensity, the working condition of child labourers in the stone quarries; factors influencing child labour in quarrying activities; and the impact of quarrying activities on children. Data which were analysed using probit model and descriptive statistics indicated a negative effect of stone quarry activity on the development, growth and education of the child. Significant influencers were poverty, attitude and poor perception of parents, broken homes, traditional belief systems and migration. The study recommends offering educational support, grants and essential resources to vulnerable households in order to ensure that children remain in school.

Parental autonomy support and parental psychological control perceptions: a study with Spanish school-aged children

ABSTRACT Objective The present study examined the antecedents and consequences of perceived parental autonomy support and psychological control. More specifically, we had three aims: a) to investigate the associations between parents’ expectations and beliefs about parenting and perceived parental autonomy support and psychological control; b) to analyse the relationships between the perceived parenting strategies (autonomy support and psychological control) and children’s outcomes: prosocial competence, emotional stability, and verbal and physical aggression and c) to test differences based on parents’ and children’s gender. Method The participants comprised 2,396 parents from Spain (1,164 fathers and 1,232 mothers) with diverse levels of qualification, professional and civil status and 1,325 children (637 boys and 685 girls) aged between 7 and 13 years old. Results Perceive parental autonomy support was positively correlated with children’s prosocial behaviour and competence: being more likely to engage in behaviours to achieve other people’s improvement or well – being. In contrast, perceived parental psychological control was positively correlated with emotional instability, and physical and emotional aggression, that is children will be more likely to develop emotional adjustment problems. Besides, we found a positive association between some negative parenting beliefs and perceived parental psychological control, and we found positive association between some positive parenting beliefs and perceived parental autonomy support. Women scoring significantly higher than men in all associations between parenting beliefs and perceived parenting autonomy support and psychological control. No relationship was found between parental separation anxiety and perceived parental autonomy support or control. Conclusions The results confirmed the importance of the role of parenting practices defined by SDT in children’s development.

Correspondence between Expected, Perceived, and Measured Effects of BoNT-A Treatment in Calf Muscles among Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Mixed Methods Study.

(1) Background: Our study explores the relationship between expected, perceived, and measured effects of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) treatment and saline (placebo) in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) in the calf muscles of 20 children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP), aged 4-15 years, using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) I-II. (2) Methods: A mixed methods parallel database design was used. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected at baseline and four weeks after treatment. The primary quantitative measure was gross energy cost (EC) during walking, obtained from a 5-Minute Walk Test (5MWT), while qualitative semi-structured interviews were performed with each parent and child/adolescent individually. (3) Results: Four weeks after treatment, we did not find any correspondence between expected, measured, and perceived effects. Interestingly, parental perceptions of treatment effects were more consistent than the measured outcomes. We also observed a connection between parental treatment expectations and perceived effects, often related to reduced energy expenditure. Children tended to view their parents as treatment experts and had fewer expectations and perceptions themselves. (4) Conclusions: These findings support the importance of child-centered care, which entails actively listening to children's expectations and perceptions during the treatment process.

Trajectories of illness perceptions in paediatric cancer patients and their parents and associations with health-related quality of life: Results of a prospective-longitudinal study.

In paediatric oncology, little is known about trajectories of illness perceptions and their longitudinal associations with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate changes in illness perceptions in children and parents over a one-year-period and to investigate predictive value of child's and parent's illness perceptions during acute treatment for child's HRQoL 1year later. N=65 child-parent-dyads participated in a longitudinal study (retention rate: 80.2%). Children were 4-18years of age and underwent acute cancer treatment at baseline. Children and parents reported on their own illness perceptions (Illness-Perception-Questionnaire-Revised), as well as on the child's HRQoL (KINDL-R) at baseline and one-year-follow-up. Paired-samples t-tests were calculated to investigate changes over time. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate predictive value of child's and parent's illness perceptions for child's HRQoL. Child's HRQoL t(63)=-6.73, p<0.001, their perceptions of coherence (i.e. understanding; t(54)=-2.36, p=0.022) and consequences of their illness (t(54)=2.86, p=0.006), and parent's perception of cyclical trajectory (t(61)=2.06, p=0.044) improved from baseline to 1-year-follow-up. All other illness perceptions remained stable. Exploratory post-hoc analyses showed differences in the pattern of change in age-, gender-, and diagnosis-specific subgroups. After controlling for baseline levels of HRQoL, child's perceptions of symptoms and consequences were independent predictors of their HRQoL 1year later (R2=0.396, F(2,52)=10.782, p<0.001), whereas no parent's illness perceptions added predictive value. In paediatrics, child's and parent's illness perceptions should be assessed. Our findings highlight the importance of illness perceptions as potential modifiable variables in interventions to improve child's HRQoL.

A Comparative Study on The Perception of Parents and Teachers on Blended Learning Approach in The Division of Taguig City and Pateros

As technology advances and educators recognize the benefits of integrating digital tools with traditional teaching practices, blended learning has grown in popularity in a variety of educational settings. It provides a flexible approach that can be tailored to various subjects, grade levels, and student populations, paving the way for more dynamic and effective learning experiences. Technology is essential in blended learning. Teachers supplement the learning process with a variety of digital tools, multimedia, and interactive resources. This incorporation of technology enhances student engagement and fosters creativity in the learning experience. Students benefit from the flexibility of blended learning in terms of time and location. They can study at their own pace and on their own schedule by accessing learning materials, resources, and assignments online. This adaptability is especially useful for students with diverse learning styles and demanding schedules. The study determined the level of agreement on blended learning among Teachers having a student with special needs and parent having a child with special needs inside the classroom in the Division of Taguig during the school year 2022-2023. The study used a quantitative approach, specifically a comparative analysis, to investigate regular teachers' perceptions and parents of the use of blended learning.

Parents' perceptions of morbidities and some functional abilities in people with down syndrome in Morocco.

This study aimed to assess parental perceptions of morbidity and certain functional abilities in people with Down syndrome (DS) and their variability according to age and sex in Morocco. A retrospective and analytical survey was conducted between May 2014 and November 2017, and addressed to the parents of 279 individuals with DS, including 161 boys (57.7%) aged 1-40 years. The sample was subdivised to tree age groups, children under 10 years old, adolescents aged 10-18 years and adults aged ≥ 18 years. Information about the identity of parents, age and sex of people with DS, their morbidity during the two years preceding the survey, and some functional abilities was collected. Data were entered and analyzed using the statistical program SPSS statistics software for Windows (version 20.0). Chi-square (χ2) test was used for testing statistical significance. Differences were considered significant when the p-value < 0.05. The multivariate analysis were used to identify the causes of morbidies independently associated with age and sex of child. Associations were measured in Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% Cl). The most common factors of morbidity registered in the study sample with DS, included respiratory infections, visual disturbances, oral pathologies, and cardiac problems (75.4%, 72.1%, 59.3%, and 44.9%, respectively). The hearing deficit, cardiac problems, respiratory infections, and oral pathologies showed statistically significant differences among the three age groups. According to the participants parents' perceptions, half of them (50%) were able to walk at 30 months, talk at 72 months, sit at 16 months, crawl at 16 months and eat alone at 48 months old. People with DS at different ages present a set of potentially treatable diseases that require multidisciplinary medical monitoring. They also need early paramedical care to improve their functional abilities.

Parenting young children during COVID-19: Parenting stress trajectories, parental mental health, and child problem behaviors.

Parenting stress reflects a discrepancy between a parent's perception of their resources, the demands of their child's needs, and the caregiving relationship and contexts (Abidin, 1992). Parenting stress can increase the risk of issues in the parent-child relationship, as well as child behavioral and emotional outcomes (Neece et al., 2012; Spinelli et al., 2021). Chronic stressors, such as living through the COVID-19 pandemic, have the potential to increase the demands of parenting and thus parenting stress. Using latent growth curve modeling, we examined parenting stress trajectories of 298 American parents with young children (Mage = 15.02 months, range = 1-34 months) over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also examined the effects of parental mental health on parenting stress, and the effects of parental mental health and parenting stress on child problem behaviors using data gathered through the Prolific survey platform. Parental mental health, measured by depressive symptoms Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10, anxiety symptoms Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and overall stress levels 10-item Perceived Stress Scale, was related to higher initial parenting stress index-short form. Changes in parenting stress over time were linked with higher levels of children's problem behaviors (CBCL). Child temperament was also related to initial parenting stress. Lower levels of household income were linked with higher levels of parental mental health symptoms and higher rates of parenting stress increases over time. These results highlight the importance of considering the well-being of all family members in child outcomes, and the ways in which different experiences and resources during the COVID-19 pandemic affect parental and child well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

DETERMINANTS OF SERVICE QUALITY FACTORS AND PARENT SATISFACTION IN CHILDCARE CENTRE

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This study delves into the intricate dynamics of Malaysian childcare centres, focusing specifically on the elements that contribute to service quality and, ultimately, parental satisfaction. The research seeks to understand the underlying connections and impacts of various factors on parent satisfaction, excluding the aspect of educational leadership. With potential adverse outcomes from poor service quality, such as suboptimal child development and parental stress, this study aims to identify the key factors that enhance service experiences in early childhood settings. Adopting a quantitative approach, the study utilizes a causal research design to explore the relationships between various service quality elements and parent satisfaction. A comprehensive survey method was employed, offering a cross- sectional snapshot of opinions from parents with children in Malaysian childcare services. The study's design ensures precision in testing hypotheses, with findings analysed using advanced statistical tools like SPSS and PLS-SEM. The hypothesis testing reveals interesting insights. It shows the rejection of certain assumed direct impacts of basic facilities, curriculum, and program structure on parent satisfaction. However, other factors emerged as significant in shaping parental perceptions. Notably, the study found that specific service quality factors, particularly in the domain of student interactions, play a crucial role in determining parent satisfaction. The research methodology included a pilot study in Kota Bahru, Kelantan, for preliminary validation of the survey instruments. Purposive sampling selected 318 parents from various childcare centres, ensuring a relevant and focused sample. The findings indicate that while some service quality aspects may not directly influence parent satisfaction, others are crucial. The study’s implications are significant for policy and practice in early childhood education, emphasizing the enhancement of specific service quality factors as a strategy to uplift parent satisfaction in Malaysian childcare centres. This research adds an important dimension to the understanding of service quality and parent satisfaction in the context of early childhood education.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Parental Attitudes Towards Educational Placement of Their Children with Intellectual Disabilities in Regular Schools

Inclusive education is an emerging trend at the global level. Children with intellectual disabilities (CWIDs), if included in mainstream schools, may have rich experiences with their peers without disabilities in regular schools to become active members of society. In Pakistan, there is a small number of CWIDs in regular schools who are largely unsupported. The focus of the study is to collect the perceptions of parents regarding inclusive processes such as curriculum adaptations, accommodation of individual needs, collaboration and socialization of children with intellectual disabilities in inclusive settings. This study was conducted to unfold the perceived parental attitudes towards the educational placement of their CWIDs in regular schools. The population of the study was parents of the CWIDs. Data were collected from 150 parents of the CWIDs studying in different special schools in Lahore by using a purposive sampling technique. The reliability (Cronbach Alpha) of the questionnaire was 0.80. The results of the study indicate that most of the parents want the educational placement of their CWIDs in regular schools for better learning, socialization and grooming of academic skills. It was concluded that parents considered inclusive education as the best placement for their children with intellectual disabilities. With such parental support, the government should change the policy for the implementation of inclusive education.

Factors Influencing Parental Willingness to Consent to a Survey Study for Patients in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

To identify factors that impact parental willingness to consent to research studies conducted for their children during visits to pediatric emergency departments (EDs). Parents and guardians of children receiving care in our pediatric ED were approached and asked if they would be willing to let their child participate in a research study requiring the child to complete an electronic questionnaire. No such questionnaire existed, however, because the primary purpose was to ascertain the parent's willingness to let their child participate. All parents were debriefed and informed of the true purpose of the study and asked to complete a survey themselves to help understand factors that influenced their initial decision of whether to consent. Bivariate tests and logistic regression were used to evaluate unadjusted and adjusted associations between parent and patient characteristics and parental consent decision. We approached 431 eligible parents about the hypothetical research study involving their children, and 386 (89.6%) consented for their children to participate. After the debriefing, 392 (91.0%) parents consented to complete the parental survey. We observed statistically significant associations between shorter length of ED stay to approach for consent for the study ( P = 0.048) as well as longer travel time ( P = 0.03) and willingness to consent in bivariate analysis, though this did not hold in regression analysis. Regression analysis revealed parents of children who have previously participated in research had 79 times lower odds of consenting to participate in our study adjusted for parent race, ethnicity, actual and perceived length of stay, travel time to the ED, and altruism. A high proportion of parents consented to their child participating in research in our ED with previous child participation in research being associated with lower odds of parental consent even when adjusted for other factors. Our findings may inform future research practices and studies investigating parental perceptions and motivations surrounding research studies.

Parenting Measures and Their Psychometrics in LGBTQIA+ Families: A Systematic Review.

Parenting significantly influences youth development, yet there's a dearth of research on measuring parenting among LGBTQIA+ caregivers, or caregivers of LGBTQIA+ children (hereafter LGBTQIA+ families). In this systematic review we identified and evaluated the psychometrics of parenting scales validated for this population. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies with LGBTQIA+ families in major databases and secondary sources, psychometric assessment, and English language. Eight studies validating ten scales measuring parenting practices, parental attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions were identified. Generally, studies reported promising psychometrics, showing evidence of construct validity in all and reliability in seven. However, the review also unveiled crucial gaps: a paucity of scales validated among LGBTQIA+ fathers, and predominantly featured non-Hispanic White participants. Findings underscore the necessity for more inclusive samples that reflect the diversity of LGBTQIA+ families. The validation of parenting scales is crucial for understanding parenting in LGBTQIA+ families and developing parenting interventions to promote their well-being.