Perception Of Old Age Research Articles

Perception of Old Age in Classical Turkish poetry

Perception of Old Age in Classical Turkish poetry

Social Perception of Old Age in the Context of the Family Environment

Nowadays, geriatrics and gerontology are facing a great social chal-lenge. On the one hand, the age of human life is significantly extended, and on the other hand, families of people in the third age increasingly do not feel obliged to surround their Seniors with support and care. The life of older people, even in modern well-organized and affluent societies, is not free from threats related to their safety. Therefore, the question arises how to act so that people in old age feel satisfied with the fact that they were given to live to a ripe old age? However, taking adequate measures in this area and ensuring them the need for security in all psychosocial dimensions requires, above all, a deeper understanding of the society's attitude towards people of senior age. This study presents the results of research on attitudes towards old age, perception of the senior age as a value in the upbringing of the young generation, and the place and importance of older people in the family.

ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF A GROUP OF SUBJECTS AGED 65 AND OVER (MOROCCO)

Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the health related quality of life of elderly Moroccans living at home as well as determining the factors that influence it. Material and methods. The data was gathered through a questionnaire survey conducted between 2017 and 2018. Age, gender, level of education, socio-professional activity, morbidity and perception of old age were chosen as variables, and the LEIPAD scale was used to evaluate the respondent’s quality of life, French version. Results. This study included 520 subjects aged 65 and above (277 men and 243 women). The average age was 71.2 years, and 60.8% of them were illiterate, 22.3% employed, 25.0% retired, and 52.7% have never worked. In addition, 57.9% of participants had at least one chronic illness and 42.9% had a pessimistic attitude toward old age. Overall, the surveyed subjects’ quality of life was adequate and satisfactory. The main ratings for the areas involving "taking care of oneself" and "depression-anxiety" were the lowest (23.7 and 28.6). On the other hand, the "sexual functioning" area was the most affected (score=73.7), thus impacting the participants’ quality of life. Furthermore, socio-demographic characteristics proved to have a negative impact on the participants’ quality of life. The highest average test scores were reported by women, the oldest subjects (>-75 years), subjects with low levels of education, without professions and retirees, suffering from chronic diseases and those who negatively perceived the old age, which showed a relatively impaired quality of life. Conclusions. The majority of the surveyed people had a good quality of life. Nevertheless, providing adequate treatment for the most disadvantaged elderly people could improve their quality of life and help them reach the old age in good health. Keywords: quality of life, elderly, test LEIPAD, Morocco.

Perception of Old Age in German Undergraduate Dental Students—A Comparison of Two Cohorts 10 Years Apart

Previous studies revealed that students’ willingness to provide dental services for older patients is mainly influenced by their individual perception of elders rather than their knowledge about old age. The aim of this study was to estimate students’ perception of old and young age as well as their hopes and fears associated with old age and to compare two cohorts that participated in the study 10 years apart. Data were obtained from a questionnaire completed by two cohorts of undergraduate dental students from 2006 to 2008 (T1, n = 207) and 2016 to 2018 (T2, n = 135). Participants were asked to define the ages that they consider a man or woman to be old and young. Moreover, they had to specify their fears and hopes associated with old age. Reported thresholds for old age differed significantly between T1 and T2. In contrast to T1 students, T2 students defined a person to be old at a higher age and barely differentiated between the old ages of men and women. Furthermore, T2 students presented more fears related to aging than T1 students, e.g., psychological problems or loss of independence. The perception of age appears to be a multifactorial process and significantly changed between students of T1 and T2. Fears of dental students regarding old age should be addressed in, e.g., gerodontological curricula, to foster positive experiences in interaction with older people and highlight the important and rewarding aspects of gerodontology.

The perception of old age in social education students

It is considered that the social educator from a multi and interdisciplinary perspective, is the professional adequately qualified to project and carry out basic actions at the community level, for the development of actions that favor active aging. For this reason, the objective of this research was proposed to analyze the negative stereotypes towards old age that may exist on the part of the students of the Degree in Social Education. Data were collected using the Negative Stereotypes Towards Old Age Questionnaire (CENVE). The results obtained refer to the highest proportion of stereotypes in the students related to the health factor. Lower levels of stereotypes were related in students who were in the last years of the Degree in Social Education compared to those in initial courses, where significant differences were observed (t = 2.76; p = 0.01). It can be concluded that as students increase their academic trajectory during the Degree in Social Education at the University of Murcia, their level of stereotypes towards old age is lower, although their eradication is not achieved at the end of their training. The need to review the curriculum in the direction of increasing knowledge related to older people is pointed out.

Bireylerin Yaşlılık Algısının Sağlık Hizmeti Kullanımına Etkisi

Modern dünyada, Batı ülkelerinin bilim ve teknolojisindeki gelişmelerin bir sonucu olarak sosyal değişimler yaşanmış ve insan yaşamı uzamıştır. Modernleşmenin kentleşme, göç, kadınların iş yaşamındaki aktif rol alması ve çekirdek aile yapısına geçiş gibi sonuçları yaşlılık algısında değişiklikler meydana getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada bireylerin yaşlılık algısı ve sağlık hizmeti kullanımı ve bunlar arasındaki etki incelenmiştir. Araştırmada 500 kişilik bir örneklem grubuna anket uygulanmıştır. Yaşlılık algısını ölçebilmek için Eser ve diğerleri tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Avrupa Yaşlanma Tutum Ölçeği (AAQ) kullanılmıştır. Bireyler yaşlılığı; kayıpların olduğu bir dönem şeklinde algıladıkça daha fazla aile hekimi ve klinik hizmeti kullanmaktadır. Neticede olarak katılımcılar; yaşlılığı belli yetilerin kaybedildiği bir zaman olarak algıladıkça daha fazla polikinik, aile hekimi ve klinik sağlık hizmeti kullanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra katılımcılar yaşlılığı tecrübe ve örnek olunması bir dönem olarak algıladıkça özel hekime daha az başvurmuştur.

ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN YAŞLILIK ALGISI: BORÇKA ACARLAR MYO ÖRNEĞİ

Interest in old age, which is an important stage in human life, can be based on very old dates. However, despite this interest, until the last century, there has not been sufficient information in this area. The fact that old age brings many problems especially in industrialized countries and the elderly population reach serious dimensions has brought along the examination of the phenomenon of old age. The rapid increase in the rate of elderly population in our country and the fact that problems of old age cannot be solved in the family have caused an increase in the number of gerontological studies. Cultural traces of societies are reflected in social life. Therefore, attitudes towards aging vary from one society to another, and these attitudes affect elderly health. The meanings attributed to old age cause the weakening of social ties and cause the elderly to move away from society. Some researches on young people show that young individuals have some misconceptions about older people and old age. The aim of this study was to investigate the elderly attitudes of university students and to determine some factors affecting the perception of old age. In this context, data were obtained by using questionnaire form and Elder Discrimination Attitude Scale (YATO) for socio-demagnetic data. As a result of the study, it was found that there was no difference in the perception of old age among the individuals who were living at home and those who were 65 years old and above, and the students 'perception of old age was not affected by socio-demographic variables and the students' attitude towards older discrimination was higher than the middle level.

Perception of Old Age by the Inhabitants of Poland.

Introduction: People’s self-esteem and public perception of senior citizens both play important roles in perceiving old age. The public perception manifests itself in adopting specific attitudes toward the elderly. Aim of the work: The work aimed at attempting to specify how adults and the elderly perceive old age. Material and method: The diagnostic poll method was employed as the main research tool, whereas the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire by Morris Rosenberg and the Kogan’s Attitudes toward Old People Scale, as well as authors’ own sociodemographic variables metrics, were used as research tools. The investigation was administered in a cohort of 206 people living in Poland. Results: The average number of points on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire by Morris Rosenberg (SES) was 29.01 (SD = 4.24). People over the age of 60 (M = 30.07 points), males (M = 32.05 points), those in a relationship (M = 30.22 points), declaring higher education (M = 30.33 points), and a good material situation (M = 30.12 points) enjoyed higher self-esteem. The average number of points on the Kogan’s Attitudes toward Old People Scale (KAOP) in the research cohort was 126.48. The assessment of the elderly was higher among those below 60 (M = 127.06), females (M = 127.29), those in a relationship (M = 129.78), those declaring higher education (M = 128.56), and those in a good material situation (M = 126.99). Conclusions: Respondents perceived old age positively, albeit at a low level. It is necessary to review activities undertaken in the sphere of social policy in Poland because activities undertaken to date are failing to improve old age perception. Actions need to be undertaken aiming at raising self-esteem level in Polish senior citizens, and available financial, social, and psychological resources from the government and community associations should all be used to this end.

고령자의 노인기준연령에 대한 인식이 사회참여에 미치는 영향

고령자의 노인기준연령에 대한 인식이 사회참여에 미치는 영향

Roz Chast’s Can’t We Talk about Something More Pleasant (2014) and Kawthar Younis’s “A Present from the Past” (2016) as Multimodal Narratives of Old Age

This paper investigates Roz Chast’s graphic novel Can’t We Talk about Something More Pleasant (2014) and Kawthar Younis’s feature- length documentary “A Present from the Past” (2016). Both works provide narratives of old age based on actual events. Chast’s work chronicles the experience of the famous cartoonist as she takes care of her ageing parents while Younis’ documentary discusses the journey of a daughter with her elderly father in search of his first love who lives in Italy. Created by female artists who confuse the role of creator and character, both works reveal the complexities and ambiguities of ageing through the lenses of gendered story telling. The paper posits the following questions: How can the modes of sequential arts and visual narrative give utterance to new poetics of ageing, particularly through exploring the interaction between the generic features of these modes (such as temporality, comedy, and journeying) and aspects of the ageing experience such as resilience, infantilisation, defiance of ageing, and perception of the ageing body. The paper further contends that, through their intergenerational dimension, these stories reevaluate the underlying, fixed patterns of the perception of old age. Finally, the paper investigates the insights offered through a cross cultural examination of works about ageing that belong to different cultures, in this case Middle East and American. Surveying earlier literary works by female writers in which ageing people take precedence such as Simone de Beauvoir’s La Vieillesse and Latifa El Zayat’s Ageing, the first part of the paper attempts a theoretical framework that synthesizes this survey with the givens of critical gerontology (which encompasses literary gerontology and narrative gerontology) as suggested by Holstein (2007), Hepworth (2000), Woodward (2006), and Wyatt- Brown as well as theories of visual narrative and documentary genres structures proposed by Eisner (1996) and Cohn (2013) . The second part of the paper explores the techniques of storying adopted by Chast and Younis as they relate to their respective modes/genres. The final part of the paper examines the gender, intergenerational and cross cultural aspects in both works thus evaluating the interplay of the subjective with the global aspects of old age. Taking these issues into consideration the paper attempts to prove that a consideration of ageing narratives across modes and genres enhances Simone de Beauvoir’s remark that “it is this old age that makes it clear that everything has to be reconsidered, recast from the very beginning. That is why the whole problem is so carefully passed over in silence: and that is why this silence has to be shattered”.

Postrzeganie starości i osób starszych w rodzinie przez dorastającą młodzież w środowisku wiejskim

<b>Cel</b>: Celem badania była próba określenia wizerunku starości i osób starszych oraz ich miejsca w rodzinie. <b>Metody</b>: Za narzędzie posłużył autorski kwestionariusz ilościowo-jakościowy. Badanie przeprowadzono wśród młodzieży na poziomie szkoły podstawowej w środowisku wiejskim. <b>Wyniki</b>: Wyniki wskazują, że największy odsetek badanych kojarzy słowo „starość” z własnymi dziadkami, a główne wartości, za które ankietowana młodzież ceni i szanuje osoby starsze, są realizowane w środowisku rodzinnym i należą do nich ciepłe uczucia, dzielenie się mądrością życiową oraz pomoc w wychowywaniu wnuków. Podobnie jak wśród młodzieży w środowisku miejskim, wizerunek starości jest negatywny, natomiast deklarowane postawy wobec osób starszych prawie wyłącznie życzliwe, w znacznej mierze odnoszące się do starszych członków rodziny. Co ważne, głównym źródłem doświadczenia i wiedzy na temat starości dla zdecydowanej większości ankietowanych uczniów jest życie rodzinne, a także fakt, że mieszkali bądź wciąż mieszkają ze swoimi dziadkami. <b>Wnioski</b>: W związku z tym, to na rodzinie ciąży największa odpowiedzialność za kształtowanie wizerunku starości oraz postaw wobec osób starszych, zwłaszcza wśród dzieci i młodzieży.

Positive Aging Views in the General Population Predict Better Long-Term Cognition for Elders in Eight Countries.

Objective: Much of the literature on aging cognitive health has focused on individual determinants, rather than societal ones; in contrast, this study examined whether country-level age status predicts cognitive performance of older individuals over time. Method: Eight countries were examined using a novel combination of country-level age status data from the European Social Survey and individual-level data from the Survey on Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe, between 2004 and 2013. Results: We found that more positive age status significantly predicted better performance on three cognitive measures over a 10-year period, after adjusting for relevant covariates. The generalized-linear model nested individuals within countries to account for the multilevel data. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to report an association between country-level age status and cognitive performance over time. The results suggest that a small change in the perception of old age at the population level could have a significant effect on the cognitive health of older individuals.

Taras y desventuras de la figura del viejo entremesil de Quevedo

This paper will analyze the figure of the old man —a character amply rooted in literature and folklore— in Francisco de Quevedo’s interludes. Contrary to the perception of old age as a time of experience and wisdom, proper to other Quevedo’s works, in these texts the passing of time is primarily a reason for mockery. The presence of the old man amounts to that of a caricatured nincompoop. Compared to his female counterpart, however, the satire of the old man is toned down. We can even gather an authorial intention to show sympathy towards this impaired character, whose misfortunes are often, in fact, caused by a woman. The old man can be traced back to similar counterparts from interludes by Lope de Rueda and Cervantes. Although Quevedo does not add new or particular attributes to the character, he does present a peculiar and parodic roster of old codgers afflicted by myriad faults and frailties, and taunted not only by their own kin but also by society at large.

Mortalidad y percepción de la vejez. Conjeturas sobre el caso argentino, 1850-1950

This article analyzes the way in which transition from mortality between 1850 and 1950 influenced perception of old age. To this end, it discusses classic measures of this phenomenon, it proposes new indicators based on probability of survival and it raises two main hypotheses. Firstly, the existence of a relationship between mortality and morbidity conditions by age and perception of old age. Secondly, the existence of a relationship between this one and the reduction in the universe of people relations, measured by proportions of widowhood and singleness by age and, to a lesser extent, of single person dwelling. This exploratory article combines systematic and exhaustive use of the four national population censuses, samples of the first two (1869 and 1895), mortality tables and qualitative information.

Living to 100 years and beyond: Drivers and implications

The world is ageing, both at an individual and a population level, and population ageing is truly a global phenomenon. The emergence of large numbers of centenarians has accompanied this development and the twenty-first century promises to be the century of centenarians. The number of centenarians in Europe increased from around 57,000 in 2006 to almost 90,000 in 2011. By 2100 the number is expected to reach around 1.4 million in England and Wales alone. This century of centenarians will be challenging in both the developed and the emerging economies. The trend has fundamental consequences for the way in which individuals view and live these ever-extending lives, but also for the way in which societal infrastructures (education, workplaces, housing, transport, and health and social care) will need to be adapted to the needs of extreme-aged populations. More importantly, perhaps, our perception of old age needs a dramatic reappraisal.

Dialysis facility staff perceptions of racial, gender, and age disparities in access to renal transplantation

BackgroundRacial/ethnic, gender, and age disparities in access to renal transplantation among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have been well documented, but few studies have explored health care staff attitudes towards these inequalities. Staff perceptions can influence patient care and outcomes, and identifying staff perceptions on disparities could aid in the development of potential interventions to address these health inequities. The objective of this study was to investigate dialysis staff (n = 509), primarily social workers and nurse managers, perceptions of renal transplant disparities in the Southeastern United States.MethodsThis is a mixed methods study that uses both deductive and inductive qualitative analysis of a dialysis staff survey conducted in 2012 using three open-ended questions that asked staff to discuss their perceptions of factors that may contribute to transplant disparities among African American, female, and elderly patients.ResultsStudy results suggested that the majority of staff (n = 255, 28%) perceived patients’ low socioeconomic status as the primary theme related to why renal transplant disparities exist between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Staff cited patient perception of old age as a primary contributor (n = 188, 23%) to the disparity between young and elderly patients. The dialysis staff responses on gender transplant disparities suggested that staff were unaware of differences due to limited experience and observation (n = 76, 14.7%) of gender disparities.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that dialysis facilities should educate staff on existing renal transplantation disparities, particularly gender disparities, and collaboratively work with transplant facilities to develop strategies to actively address modifiable patient barriers for transplant.

Perceptions about their own old age from the perspective of a group of epidemiologists in training

Exploring, from the perspective of a group of epidemiologists in training, the perceptions about their own old age. Exploratory, qualitative-descriptive study, in which ethnographic tools were applied: observation, field diary and group interview (GF). Explored from the perspective of a group of epidemiologists in training. The group agreed that to plan to reach a functional and decent old is important, despite the current unfavorable and adverse conditions, recognizing that not all will reach there, and it is less common for young people to think and plan their own old age, and even less work with and for the elderly. The meaning of aging most often mentioned by the group contain the word "phase", in which concept and care reflect the high standards desired individually. It became clear, that nursing homes for old age people are necessary, but the services provided are differentiated since "the economy determines the care for the elderly". Reflecting on the perception of old age itself, for the group of epidemiologists in training, helped visualize their concerns, fears, expectations, and to reflect on their responsibilities and possibilities in providing scientific evidence to plan and make sound decisions for a dignified old age and aging of the population from Nariño.

Health, physical exercise and fear of aging: anti-aging problematizations in amateur bodybuilders speeches

Scientific arguments in favour of applying physical exercise as an intervention on insists on relying on the biological concept of health. Considering the hegemony of this concept in physical education, the present study questions in what extent it must be accepted that the relationship between health/aging remains summarized in the mere search for maintaining physiological capabilities? The aim was to analyse the problematizations on the relationship between health and exercise in a group of physically active women from the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, in the context of aging process. Forty-five amateur bodybuilders were selected utilizing the sample snowball technique. They answered an interview guide with pictures according to the photo elicitation technique, individually. It was utilized the speech analysis proposed by Foucault. The group understands the relationship health/aging as a way to build identities, overcoming the negative perception of old age as vital and negative process. The fear of aging denotes the presence of self-centred healthcare practices carried over the years. Physical exercise plays a role that transcends the mere control of biological variables, being a resource to strengthen the experience to look and feel younger.

Presente y futuro de la sociología de la vejez en España. Conclusiones de un estudio Delphi

Estudios internacionales han señalado el insuficiente desarrollo y consolidación de la sociología de la vejez como campo científico y académico distinto. En España, se trata de una especialidad aún bastante invisible y desorganizada, sin establecer plenamente. Con el objetivo de colaborar en la evaluación del presente y el futuro de la sociología de la vejez española se ha llevado a cabo un estudio Delphi con participación de 12 expertos. Los resultados del estudio destacan dos amenazas para la sociología de la vejez española: la percepción de la vejez como etapa del ciclo vital a extinguir y el intrusismo profesional. La invisibilidad de los estudios sociológicos sobre la vejez y la falta de interés por parte de responsables universitarios, agentes políticos y personas mayores constituyen otras amenazas. El principal activo que tiene este campo es la comunidad de sociólogos implicados en el estudio de la vejez.

Which psychological, social and physical environmental characteristics predict changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviors during early retirement? A longitudinal study.

BackgroundIn the context of healthy ageing, it is necessary to identify opportunities to implement health interventions in order to develop an active lifestyle with sufficient physical activity and limited sedentary time in middle-aged and older adults. The transition to retirement is such an opportunity, as individuals tend to establish new routines at the start of retirement. Before health interventions can be developed, the psychological, social and physical environmental determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviors during early retirement should be identified, ideally with longitudinal studies. The aim of this paper was first to examine whether psychological, social and physical environmental factors at the start of retirement predict longitudinal changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviors during the first years of retirement. Second, moderating effects of gender and educational levels were examined.MethodsThis longitudinal study was conducted in Flanders, Belgium. In total, 180 recently retired (>1 month, <2 years at baseline) adults completed a postal questionnaire twice (in 2012–2013 and two years later in 2014–2015). The validated questionnaire assessed socio-demographic information, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and psychological, social and physical environmental characteristics. Multiple moderated hierarchic regression analyses were conducted in SPSS 22.0.ResultsHigher perceived residential density (p < 0.001) and lower aesthetics (p = 0.08) predicted an increase in active transportation (adjusted R2 = 0.18). Higher baseline self-efficacy was associated with an increase in leisure-time physical activity (p = 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.13). A more positive perception of old age (p = 0.04) and perceiving less street connectivity (p = 0.001) were associated with an increase in screen time (adjusted R2 = 0.06). Finally, higher baseline levels of modeling from friends (p = 0.06) and lower perceived land use mix access (p = 0.09) predicted an increase in car use (adjusted R2 = 0.06). A few moderating effects, mainly of educational level, were found.DiscussionWalkability characteristics (perceived residential density) and self-efficacy at the start of retirement are the most important predictors of longitudinal changes in active transportation and leisure-time physical activity. Few moderating effects were found, so health interventions at the start of retirement focusing on self-efficacy and specific walkability characteristics could be effective to increase physical activity in recently retired adults. No firm conclusions can be drawn on the importance of the examined predictors to explain change in car use and screen time, possibly other factors like the home environment, or automatic processes and habit strength are more important to explain sedentary behaviors.