Form Perception Research Articles

Research on the correlation between component elements and psychological perception of the spatial form of underground commercial street corners based on virtual reality technology.

The corner space, an important area of underground commercial streets, not only converts space functions but also exerts a great impact on the space atmosphere by transforming the environmental quality of the commercial street space. Based on corner space investigations of several underground commercial streets in China, this paper constructs a realistic scene model using virtual reality technology and screens. This paper classifies the corner space elements of underground commercial streets through preliminary experiments. Based on the conclusions, different morphological models of the corner space were constructed by orthogonal experiments and virtual reality technology combined with psychology. A semantic differential was used to quantitatively evaluate and analyze the spatial experience cognition of the subjects. This enabled an analysis of the of underground commercial street corners’ relationship to the component elements and the visitors’ psychological perception of their spatial form.

Oral 21 - Oncoplastic Penile Surgery: Patients’ Perceptions of Form and Function

Oral 21 - Oncoplastic Penile Surgery: Patients’ Perceptions of Form and Function

Трансформация чув­ственности в постантропоцентричном искусстве

This article explores the changing parameters of sensibility in the context of a postan­thropocentric paradigm in art. In particular, we address the mechanism of the construc­tion of affects building on the idea of their external autonomy in art. The fundamental disconnectedness of the realm of sensuality is described in the context of object ontolo­gies, via the modes of connectedness and conditionality that exist beyond the limits of individual experience. A generalized description of the procedures of the postanthro­pocentric paradigm of distributed aesthetics is provided. The article discusses the shift in the understanding of the function and autonomy of art associated with the emergence of object forms of art. The current situation in object art, in particular in total installa­tions, suggests a different paradigm of aesthetics. The specific workings of such a para­digm are clarified on the basis of the distinction between affect and emotion proposed by Brian Massumi in his conception of the autonomy of affect. The authors conclude that in deanthropologized environments sensuality operates as a chain of distributed af­fects associated with the effects of increasing intensity and inhibition of intensity through forms of appropriation of affect into a chain of successive instances of sensual­ity. The article’s general theoretical task is to describe the operation of affect structures under conditions of object deanthropologization. The applied task of the article is to de­scribe the mechanisms of understanding and perception of object forms of art, in partic­ular such a form as total installation.

Sources of perceived academic stress (PAS) of online examination in graduate and postgraduate Indian students post COVID-19 pandemic

Background :Academic stress is the major cause of stress in graduate and post graduate students and is a concern for mental health problems in students .Perceived academic stress may occur in response to examination .Covid-19 caused a paradigm shift from offline to online teaching-learning and examination .The online mode of examination may lead to variation in perceived academic stress of examination in graduate and post graduate Indian students. The perceived academic stress response to online mode of examination post covid-19 and the factors leading to it have not been identified. Aim and objectives : To find the level of perception of academic stress of online examination in graduate and post graduate Indian students post covid19 and identify the major factors leading to perception of academic stress. The objective was to identify the variation in perceived academic stress in response to online examination in graduate and post graduate students and study the corelation between demographic variables and perceived academic stress in both graduate and postgraduate students . Study design : A cross sectional study. Methods and Material :Step 1 was to create a google form (basic demographic data and perception of academic stress scale ).

Percepts evoked by multi-electrode stimulation of human visual cortex

BackgroundDirect electrical stimulation of early visual cortex evokes the perception of small spots of light known as phosphenes. Previous studies have examined the location, size, and brightness of phosphenes evoked by stimulation of single electrodes. While it has been envisioned that concurrent stimulation of many electrodes could be used as the basis for a visual cortical prosthesis, the percepts resulting from multi-electrode stimulation have not been fully characterized. ObjectiveTo understand the rules governing perception of phosphenes evoked by multi-electrode stimulation of visual cortex. MethodsMulti-electrode stimulation was conducted in human epilepsy patients. We examined the number and spatial arrangement of phosphenes evoked by stimulation of individual multi-electrode groups (n = 8), and the ability of subjects to discriminate between the pattern of phosphenes generated by stimulation of different multi-electrode groups (n = 7). ResultsSimultaneous stimulation of pairs of electrodes separated by greater than 4 mm tended to produce perception of two distinct phosphenes. Simultaneous stimulation of three electrodes gave rise to a consistent spatial pattern of phosphenes, but with significant variation in the absolute location, size, and orientation of that pattern perceived on each trial. Although multi-electrode stimulation did not produce perception of recognizable forms, subjects could use the pattern of phosphenes evoked by stimulation to perform simple discriminations. ConclusionsThe number of phosphenes produced by multi-electrode stimulation can be predicted using a model for spread of activity in early visual cortex, but there are additional subtle effects that must be accounted for.

An Analysis of ‘PULSE 2’ Cultural Content and How Malaysian ESL Teachers Perceive IT

Imported English textbooks were introduced to Malaysian schools in line with Malaysia's new CEFR-aligned English language curriculum. One of the books is PULSE 2, in which concern about its foreign cultural content has been widely discussed. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the cultural categories displayed in the PULSE 2 textbook for Form 1 syllabus, investigate how foreign cultures and topics are introduced to the students, and identify the perception of Form 1 teachers of the textbook, specifically on its foreign cultural contents. This study employed mixed-method research. The first phase of the data collection involved quantitative analysis using a questionnaire administered to 30 Form 1 ESL teachers. The qualitative data were collected through content analysis and semi-structured interviews with Form 1 teachers from schools in Perak, Malaysia. The PULSE 2 textbook is culturally rich, especially with UK-centric contents. There is also an imbalance portrayal of cultural categories, and no reference is made to the Malaysian context in the book. Designing personal materials, comparing target and local cultures, and using resources such as visuals and web-based learning are the most common pedagogical methods used by Form 1 teachers in using this textbook with their students. Although the teachers positively perceived the textbook, they disclosed a mixed perception of its foreign cultural content. Despite this, PULSE 2 can still be exploited to benefit students.

The Study of Virtual Reality Sensing Technology in the Form Design and Perception of Public Buildings

In order to explore the commercial building design method that meets the needs of contemporary consumer behavior, the author proposes a method of applying virtual reality, behavior simulation, and other technologies to commercial building design. First, through a questionnaire survey of commercial buildings in a city, the influencing factors of consumption behavior are explained with the help of SPSS correlation analysis. Then, applying virtual reality technology on this basis, three-dimensional presentation of the commercial building design scheme, taking the design of commercial space signage system as an example, the preset low-brightness color system, and the color and shape are single, the logo set A and the logo set B using high-brightness color system and changeable form are presented, expand 3D dynamic visual and behavioral simulations. At last, relying on ResNet image recognition technology, it analyzes the user’s visual experience and usage effect. Experimental results show: There is a significant correlation between plane layout, spatial identification, familiarity of indoor space, and frequency of use, and visual perception is the main driving factor for choosing commercial buildings; using the comparative analysis of commercial logos, it is found that the average value of the confidence of set B is less than that of set A; in terms of significance, the average time of identifying all categories of logo set A is 0.68 s, and the average identification time of all categories of identification set B is 0.46 s; in terms of discrimination, it takes 0.28 s to correct the misrecognition of all categories of identification set A and 0.11 s to correct the misrecognition of all categories of identification set B, indicating that the design of the identification system uses bright colors and changeable forms, which are easier to use. The results indicate that the elevation, slope, hydrology, transportation conditions, economic indexes and cultural factors are important factors affecting the spatial distribution of traditional villages in a city. The analysis shows that the distribution of traditional villages is affected by natural conditions, social economic conditions, cultural factors and other factors, and the optimal layout of traditional villages can be strengthened from these aspects.

Visual task-related functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging for the objective quantitation of visual function in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa.

PurposeThe objective quantitation of visual function in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa (RP) presents a difficult challenge due to the weak visual function of these patients. This study utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the function and structure of the visual cortex (VC) in patients with RP and quantitatively categorize them.Materials and MethodsTwenty-three patients with RP and ten healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled for MRI examinations. The patients were divided into form perception (FP) and no form perception (NFP) groups. Participants underwent structural MRI scans, and two visual task functional MRI scans were performed using stimuli, including white flash and black and white checkerboard patterns. Eight regions of interest (ROIs) were studied. In structural MRI, the gray matter volume (GMV) was compared in the ROIs. In the two visual tasks, the response intensity and functional connectivity (FC) of ROIs were also compared separately. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlations between the structural and functional parameters.ResultsIn the structural analysis, the GMV in Brodmann areas 17, 18, and 19 of the FP and NFP groups was significantly lower than that of HCs. Regarding the functional data, the response intensity in the VC of both the FP and NFP groups was significantly lower than that in HCs. The response in Brodmann areas 17, 18, and 19 obtained using the pattern stimulus was significantly lower in the NFP group than in the FP group. For the FC comparison, the FP and NFP groups exhibited significantly lower values in several pathways than the HCs, and FC in the ipsilateral V1–contralateral V1 pathway in the flash task was significantly lower in the NFP group than in the FP group. A positive correlation between response intensity and GMV was observed in Brodmann areas 17, 18, and 19 in both flash and pattern visual tasks.ConclusionMagnetic resonance imaging was an effective tool to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the visual function of patients with advanced RP. Response intensity and FC were effective parameters to distinguish FP and NFP patients. A positive correlation between response intensity and GMV was observed in the VC.

PENGUATAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS MELALUI PEMBIASAAN TILAWAH ASMAUL HUSNA DAN SHALAWAT SEBAGAI PENCEGAHAN PATOLOGI SOSIAL REMAJA PADA SISWA SMP

The big conclusion of this paper is that the character of the eighth-grade students of Dirghantara Middle School is Religious Character in the form of faith in piety and ukhkuwah instilling and applying students' religious values ​​in everyday life, both divine and human religiosity, getting used to praying 5 times a day, instilling good morals. being kind, inviting, and setting a good example, instilling an attitude of shame and fear of doing evil, and not wanting to commit acts of deviant social behavior, all of these are appropriate actions taken by the school. The purpose of this study was to describe the religious character of adolescents in junior high school students, students' perceptions of the forms and causes of social pathology, and efforts to strengthen religious character through habituation of recitations of Asmaul Huna and shalawat as prevention of adolescent social pathology in junior high school students at Dirghantara Legok Junior High School, Tangerang Regency. The research approach is descriptive qualitative and religious sociology, namely observing adolescent religious problems, especially junior high school students in strengthening religious character as prevention of adolescent social pathology in junior high school students and field research, namely research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. Data collection techniques were obtained by observation, interviews, and documentation. The respondents who were used as samples were 24 people. The results of the study show: (1) The religious characteristics of the eighth-grade students of Dirghantara Junior High School are: Behavior that reflects the character of faith and piety (imtaq) and ukhuwah Islamiah; (2) Students' perceptions of forms of adolescent social pathology in Dirghantara Junior High School students tend to be normal or normal delinquency, but besides that, some students have juvenile deviant behavior in students who require special handling of violent behavior (bullying) and fights between students (brawls). ); (3) Students' perceptions of the factors that cause social pathology are driven by internal factors (endogenous factors) this is because of the behavior that is already inherent in the perpetrator himself, the influence of physical conditions and personality that exist in him and external factors (exogenous factors), namely students can do pathology/social among teenagers in junior high school students can occur from outside themselves, such as from family environmental factors, schools, communities, playgroups, and mass media; (4) Strengthening religious character as prevention of adolescent social pathology in junior high school students is carried out through habituation of recitations of Asmaul Husna and shalawat, apart from the habit of instilling and applying students' religious values ​​in daily life, both religious which are divine and insanity.

The role of color contrast gain control in global form perception.

A Glass pattern consists of randomly distributed dot pairs, or dipoles, whose orientation is determined by a geometric transform, which defines the global percept perceived by an observer. The perception of Glass patterns involves a local process that associates dot pairs into dipoles and a global process that groups the dipoles into a global structure. In the present study, we used a variant of Glass patterns, which was composed of randomly distributed tripoles instead of dipoles, to estimate the influence of color contrast on perceptual grouping. Each tripole contained an anchor dot and two context dots. Grouping the anchor dot with one of the context dots resulted in a global percept of a clockwise spiral, while grouping with the other dot, a counter-clockwise spiral. All dots in each pattern were modulated in the same color direction but different contrasts. Four colors were involved, namely, red, green, blue, and yellow. The observers were to determine whether the spiral in each trial was clockwise or counter-clockwise. The probability of a context dot being grouped with the anchoring dot increased with its color contrast to a certain level, then decreased when the contrast continued to increase. Such probability decreased as the contrast of the other context dot increased. Our result cannot be explained by existing models in the literature, but with a divisive inhibition model. The equiluminance contrast result observed here is similar to the inverted U-shaped function for luminance contrast result previously reported by us, except that the color contrast model comprises a weaker self-inhibition component.

An Investigation of the Forms of Support Needed to Promote the Retention and Success of Online Students

ABSTRACT This research conducted an exploratory study of online students’ perceptions of forms of support which might promote their retention and success. Data came from interviews with 41 online students at a dual-mode regional Australian university. Interviewees reported very limited involvement with centralized support services. These appear to have been originally configured to provide support to on-campus students and had not adapted significantly to a substantial increase in online students at the university. Instead, the students looked to online teachers for support, to a greater extent than did on-campus students. The online teachers provided support by building ties to students through interactions via discussion forums and individual communications. Peers also provided support through online forums and webinar-facilitated exchanges. Online teacher and peer student support contributed to the formation of virtual online learning communities. This is important as social and academic integration are mechanisms for retention and success. This research is significant as the numbers of online students have increased markedly in recent times, but student support services do not appear to have changed accordingly. Further, support models for retention and success have not been adequately adapted to suit online learners’ needs.

W stronę frazeologii percepcyjnej

TOWARDS PERCEPTUAL PHRASEOLOGY: TESTING THE KNOWLEDGE AND ASSESSMENT OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS BY STUDENTS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES The authors discuss the most important assumptions of the research project on the knowledge, reception and practical application of phraseology by representatives of various social groups of nativespeakers, as well as the results of the first stage of the research carried out among students of humanities and social sciences. The notion of “perceptual phraseology” is treated as a part of perceptual linguistics which examines how the attitudes of language users and their perception of various forms as correct or incorrect affect their language behaviour. The aim of the project is to examine: a) the perception, knowledge and ability to assess the compliance of phraseologies with the dictionary norm; b) the ability to use them in specified social situations; c) social variables determining the level of knowledge of the phraseology of the Polish language by educated social classes. In addition to the results of the analyses in the collective and individual dimension, the results of the verification of preliminary hypotheses and conclusions for the subsequent stages of the research were presented, during which focus interviews will be conducted, and other social and professional groups will also be included.

PRINCIPLES PERCEPTION OF DESIGN PRODUCTS

The paper considers the psychological and geometric principles of creating a composition as a tool for analyzing and organizing form. One of the frequently used principles for organizing spatial composition is the gelstatt theory, both in the perception of form and in the combination of its individual parts. The article describes the theoretical foundations of the mathematical and psychological principles of the organization of the compositional space.

Relativization the Vision of Good-Evil Duality in “Povestea lui Stan Pățitul” by Ion Creangă

There are several aspects that clearly distinguish Povestea lui Stan Pățitul from other tales by Ion Creangă: the structural/ morphological one (the evolution of the subject is not determined by the struggle between the forces of good and evil, but by the protagonist's way of perceiving reality and relating to it), that of the characters’ (psychological / spiritual / moral) pattern, that of the fabulous world construction (based on a different principle than the Manichaean one). In Povestea lui Stan Pățitul, Ion Creangă relativizes the good-evil duality, subtextualizing a new existential philosophy that marks the vision of human nature and the way of representing the artistic world. Through paradox, irony, allusion, illustrative dialogues and scenes, the author proves the (in)validity of some common perceptions of forms, dimensions, moral judgments (good-bad, right-wrong etc.), of several collective stereotypes and beliefs. By diluting the distinction between good and evil, the author reveals the relative character of any truth.

Illness Perception of Turkish Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis: Similarities and Differences

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the illness perception of Hemodialysis (HD) and Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) patients having endstagerenal failure.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Organ Transplantation and Dialysis Hospital. Data were collected between January-June2016. The study was conducted with a total of 93 individuals including 45 patients undergoing PD and 48 patients undergoing HD betweenthe indicated dates. An information form and Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) were used as data collection instruments.Independent samples t test, one way anova and pearson correlation analysis were used to assess data.Results: Among the patients, mean duration of disease was 81.4±77.7 (HD: 82.7±93.5, PD: 80.1+60.1) months, mean duration of dialysis was57.7±58.3 (HD: 58.6±67.0, PD: 56.8±49.4) months and mean number of comorbid diseases was 1.4±0.6 (min: 1.0, max: 4.0). 93.5% of thepatients had familial support (HD: 91.1%, PD: 95.8) and 69.9% (HD: 37.8%, PD: 100.0%) had taken a training about the disease and its treatmentfrom healthcare professionals. It was also found that mean scores of PD patients from IPQ-R subscales including personal control, illnesscoherence and timeline acute/chronic were found to be significantly higher than HD patients (p<0.05).Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was determined that HD patients perceived their illnesses as more challenging compared to PD patients.Therefore, especially HD patients may be given disease-related trainings with the onset of their treatment process and a psychological supportmay be recommended to accept their chronic diseases.

“…cupiens mathematicam tractare infra radices metaphysice…” Roger Bacon on Mathematical Abstraction

In some passages of the Opus maius and the Opus tertium, Roger Bacon holds that mathematical objects are the immediate and adequate objects of human’s intellect: in our sensible life, the intellect develops mostly around quantity itself. We comprehend quantities and bodies by a perception of the intellect because their forms belong to the intellect, namely, an understanding of mathematical truths is almost innate within us. A natural reaction to these sentences is to deduce a strong Pythagorean or Platonic influence in Roger Bacon’s theory of mathematical knowledge. However, Bacon has always followed Aristotle’s view according to which numbers and figures have no real existence apart from the sensible substances, and universal knowledge comes from sensory experience as well. It appears that Bacon’s claim that quantity is the first object of human's intellect comes from an original reading of a passage of Aristotle’s On Memory and Reminiscence. In this paper, we try to clarify Bacon’s views about mathematical abstraction and intellectual perception of mathematical forms in his Parisian questions on Physics and Liber De causis, the Perspectiva, Opus maius, Opus tertium, the Communia mathematica and the Geometria speculativa. We conclude that Bacon considered mathematical abstraction as a mode of perception of the internal structure of the physical world: mathematical abstraction does not mean for Bacon an act of separation of ideal forms from the sensible matter, but a possibility of intuition of the internal structure of the sensible world itself, a faculty which is necessary for human’s perception of space and time.

Colored skins and vibrant hybrids: Manipulating visual perceptions of depth and form in double‐curved architectural surfaces through informed use of color, transparency and light

AbstractThe past decades of research on color and light yielded vast knowledge supporting their informed use in architectural design. While there currently exists a rich body of knowledge and methods geared to affect the perception of depth and form in tiled, opaque architectural surfaces, not many such methods have been developed for double‐curved, transparent, in‐mass colored surfaces. The perception of depth and form in these surfaces relies on a complex blend of parameters, such as color combinations, illumination source, angle of viewing, location of shadows and reflections, material thickness and grade of transparency. To determine the visual effects caused by some of these parameters, experiments based on visual observations were carried out involving handcrafted, in‐mass colored, undulant architectural surfaces. The insights from the experiments then served to develop four color strategies for architectural surface design harnessing the discovered effects in diverse ways. Through this, the study has sought first to observe and understand the effects of color and light in perceiving undulant surfaces, and second to highlight the potentials of harnessing these effects in the design of expressive architectural elements. The main insight from the study is that informed and deliberate application of color and light yields a wide range of potentially interesting perceptual effects in double‐curved architectural surfaces, such as spatial filtering, gradient screening, vibrant massing and animate reshaping. Such effects, applied in an architectural context, can help to fulfill the demand for physical environmental enrichment in the digital era.

Emotional Effects of Product Form in Individualist and Collectivist Cultures

ABSTRACT This research investigates differences in visual form perception of products in individualist and collectivist societies to help designers and market analysts design products according to their users’ formal preferences. This study was conducted in two phases. First, five visual form types were selected out of 500 samples by design expertise for the test: geometric, organic, complex, simple, and symbolic forms. Second, three groups of American (highly individualist), German (individualist), and Iranian (collectivist) were selected based on their cultural dimensions. We developed Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with the emotions to focus solely on limiting emotions. Since the emotions were in two opposite spectrums, four emotions were considered as positive and the next four emotions as negative. ANOVA was conducted for normally distributed data and Kruskal–Wallis test for non-normal data. The results of this research showed that people with different cultural dimensions have different reactions, feelings, and preferences to products with different formal features. While individualists embrace geometric, simple, and symbolic forms, collectivists prefer organic forms most. The complex form is rejected by all three groups. This research extends our knowledge about cultural differences and provides a very critical tool for designers to design their products according to their users’ emotions.

Contributed Session II: Evidence for a dipper effect in the perception of global form: findings from psychophysics and EEG.

Decades of psychophysical experiments have shown that the perception of low luminance contrast violates Webers' law: contrast discrimination is best at low (but non-zero) pedestal intensities. This "dipper effect" is thought to be the product of a sigmoidal neuronal transducer function in the early stages of visual processing which is expansive at low contrasts. Here, we ask 1) whether the transducer that governs the perception of global form is subject to a similar nonlinearity and 2) if sensitivity is biased towards a certain axis of pattern alignment (translational, radial, concentric). Using a combination of psychophysics and steady-state VEPs, we examined observers' sensitivity to global form by manipulating the dipole orientation coherence of Glass patterns. Our psychophysical data indicate a Glass pattern "dipper effect" that is strongest for concentric patterns, while our EEG results show some evidence of nonlinear transduction but do not have the form predicted by psychophysical thresholds. Our findings indicate that, like low-level contrast, mid-level form discrimination is subject to mild facilitation (relative to detection) at low global form coherences, and suggest that this could be driven by neurons with nonlinear transducer functions.

Effect of Age and Refractive Error on Local and Global Visual Perception in Chinese Children and Adolescents.

PurposeThis study investigated the impact of age and myopia on visual form perception among Chinese school-age children.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1,074 students with a mean age of 12.1 ± 4.7 (range = 7.3–18.9) years. The mean spherical equivalence refraction (SER) of the participants was −1.45 ± 2.07 D. All participants underwent distance visual acuity (VA), refraction measurement and local and global visual form perception test including orientation, parallelism, collinearity, holes and color discrimination tasks.ResultsThe reaction times of emmetropes were slower than those of myopic and high myopic groups on both local (orientation, parallelism, and collinearity) and global discrimination tasks (all p < 0.05). A reduction in reaction times was found with increasing age on both local and global discrimination tasks (all p < 0.05). Age was significantly associated with both local and global visual perception performance after adjusting for gender, visual acuity and SER (orientation, β = −0.54, p < 0.001; parallelism, β = −0.365, p < 0.001; collinearity, β = −0.28, p < 0.001; holes, β = −0.319, p < 0.001; color, β = −0.346, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study revealed that both local and global visual perception improve with age among Chinese children and that myopes seem to have better visual perception than emmetropes.