Percents Research Articles

Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rat following conditioned fear stimuli

Objective To investigate neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rat following conditioned fear stimulus.Methods 24 adult male rats were randomly divided into conditioned fear stimulus group and control group,and all rats were intraperitoneally injected bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)3 days before conditioned fear stimuli.Animals in conditioned fear stimulus group were given monotone matching foot shock and made conditioned fear stimulus model,animals in control group only give monotone.Freezing time was detected before stimuli and 7th,14th days after stimuli,then rats were sacrificed 7th or 14th day after fear conditioned stimulus,and immunohistochemistry for Brdu was detected.Results Behavioral assessment showed that the percents of freezing time in conditioned fear stimulus group 7th,14th days after conditioned fear stimulus were significantly high(88.68%,91.33%)than those in control group(11.18%,14.23%,P<0.01)and before stimulus(24.11%,16.11%,P<0.01).Compared to control group(1567±28,580±5),Brdu positive cells in dentate gyrus of rat in conditioned fear stimulus group(1364±21,296±22)were decreased,and it reached to a statistical significance on 14th day (P<0.05).Conclusion The decreased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rat following conditioned fear stimuli may have relation to fear and other emotion memory. Key words: Conditioned fear stimulus; Neurogenesis; Hippocampus; Rat

Cytotoxicity and its mechanism of zinc oxide nanoparticles on human leukemic monocyte lymphoma cell line U937

To investigate the cytotoxicity and its mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles on human leukemic monocyte lymphoma cell line U937. Four different size ZnO (10, 30, 60, 500 nm) were carefully characterized. The survival rate and viability were measured by trypan blue assay and MTT assay for each size ZnO particles at different concentrations (12, 120, 240, 600, 1200 µmol/L). The zinc probe, Fluozin-3, was used to detect the intracellular free zinc. Transmission electron microscopy was adopted to observe the cellular ultrastructure and the uptake of ZnO. All four kinds of ZnO were rod shape, with a purity of > 99.9 wt%, and they were classified as zincite phase crystal and their surface areas were in accordance with the sizes. The viability (ZnO-n10: (97 ± 19)%, (91 ± 4)%, (24 ± 4)%, (15 ± 2)%; ZnO-n30: (111 ± 4)%, (81 ± 3)%, (24 ± 2)%, (27 ± 8)%; ZnO-n60: (105 ± 11)%, (73 ± 20)%, (43 ± 11)%, (28 ± 14)%; ZnO-µm: (88 ± 16)%, (62 ± 7)%, (22 ± 4)%, (13 ± 5)%) of cells exposed to ZnO decreased with the increasing of the concentration of ZnO from 12 to 600 µmol/L (r values were 0.965, 0.979, 0.998, 0.992, and the t values were 19.8, 25.3, 76.3, 40.9, respectively, P < 0.05). The liability (ZnO-n10: (98 ± 1)%, (67 ± 2)%, (59 ± 7)%, (13 ± 13)%, (5 ± 4)%; ZnO-n30: (98 ± 1)%, (97 ± 2)%, (50 ± 3)%, (20 ± 14)%, (7 ± 2)%; ZnO-n60: (97 ± 2)%, (88 ± 5)%, (48 ± 10)%, (12 ± 5)%, (4 ± 1)%; ZnO-µm: (96 ± 1)%, (76 ± 3)%, (58 ± 3)%, (19 ± 5)%, (20 ± 10)%) of cells exposed to ZnO decreased with the increasing of the concentration of ZnO from 12 to 600 µmol/L (r valued at 0.982, 0.956, 0.972, 0.980, and the t valued at 19.3, 12.1, 15.6, 18.5, respectively, P < 0.05). The increase of the zinc concentration showed by the zinc fluorescence probe was 121 ± 11, which was similar to the fluorescence of cells treated with ZnAc(2) (132 ± 14, F = 0.6, P > 0.05) at the Zn-equivalent concentration. There was no statistic difference for the percents of high zinc content cells in total cells exposed to ZnO-n30 (87.6 ± 2.6)% and these exposed to ZnAc(2) (86.9 ± 3.2)% (F = 1.5, P > 0.05). ZnO nanoparticles are highly cytotoxic to U937 cells and the solubilization of ZnO is the main toxicological mechanism.

Assessment of receptor-dependent Ad5 & Ad5F35 adenovirai vector mediated gene transfection in lung cancer cells

Objective To investigate the expression of coxsackie adenoviris receptor (CAR) and CD46, making efforts to provide evidence to explore the relationship between them and the efficiency of adenovirus gene transfer. Methods CAR and CD46 expression in the lung cancer lines (A549, Z793,QG56 and NCI-H520) and primary lung cancer cells from 10 patients were assayed by flow cytometric analysis. The lung cancer cell lines and primary lung cancer cells were all infected with Ad5-GFP or Ad5F35-GFP adenoviral vector at MOI 10 or 50 labeled by green fluorescent protein (GFP) protein. Fortyeight h after transfection, the GFP-positive cell percentage in the lung cancer cells was measured by flow cytometry to evaluate the transfection efficiency of Ad5-GFP or Ad5F35-GFP adenoviral vector. Results The expression of CD46 was higher than the CAR expression both in the lung cancer lines ( A549, Z793,QG56 and NCI-H520) and primary lung cancer cells in 10 cases. Consistently, a significantly higher GFP expression 48 h post-transfection with Ad5F35-GFP (MOI = 50) was obtained, and GFP-positive cell percentage was 78%, 75%, 75% and 54% in A549, Z793, QG56 and NCI-H520, respectively, and that was 39%, 37%, 45% and 4%, respectively after transfection with Ad5-GFP. The same results were obtained in the primary lung cancer cells notwithstanding the different percents of GFP-positive cells in 10 patients. Conclusion The efficiency of Ad5 and Ad5F35 adenovirus gene transfection is closely correlated to the levels of CAR and CD46 expression in the lung cancer cells. The expression of CD46 is higher than that of CAR and the gene transfer efficacy of Ad5F35 is prior to the Ad5 in lung cancer cells. Key words: Lung carcinoma; Adenovirus; CD46; Gene transfer

The Application value of Multi-position Radiography in the Diagnosis for Fracture of Rib

Objective To discuss the application value of multi- position radiography in the diagnosis for fracture of rib.Methods 98 cases with integrated data of thoracic trauma undergone multi- position view X-ray from 2007 to 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.Results The percent of fractures with orthophoria view is 65.4%.The percents of fractures with oblique position,tangential projection and spot film under the X-ray fluoroscopy are 20.6%、5.1% 、8.8%,while doesn' t find the A-P position,The total percent is 34.6%.Conclusion Multi-position radiography can elevate the diagnosis for fracture of rib and has application value. Key words: Radiography; Posture; Rib fractures

Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures long after lung resection

Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured long after lung resection with reference to operative procedure and vital capacity (VC). MIP and MEP were measured before surgery and 3 months after surgery in 80 patients who underwent lung resection. The procedures were pneumonectomy in 4 cases, lobectomy in 42 cases, segmentectomy in 3 cases, and wedge resection in 31 cases. Postoperative MIP, MEP, and VC were expressed and analyzed as percents of their respective preoperative values (MIP(%), MEP(%), VC(%)). Patients who underwent lobectomy had significantly lower MIP(%) and MEP(%) than did those who underwent wedge resection (p < 0.001). Both MIP(%) and MEP(%) correlated significantly with VC(%) (p < 0.001). Pulmonary resection can continue to affect both pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength even 3 months after surgery.

Investigation in Performance Level of Asymmetric Structures

According to development of displacement–performance based design, there are some studies on different structures which most of them are about regular plan structures. In this research has been tried to review the frame steel structures designed Based on 2800 standard of Iran to achieve the designed structures performance level to find how much function levels it covers in earth quake. To show this matter, we used the members receipt and replace basis in push over dynamic analysis. Also, in order to show eccentricity in function level, the location of the center of mass transferred in amount of 10&15 percents of structure dimension toward the center of mass and the influence of gravity and lateral load is reviewed regarding the selected styles. The achieved conclusions appear that replace of mass center will increase by raising the eccentricity and change the style of existing plastic hinges and the numbers.

The analysis of video EEG and MRI results in patients of complex partial seizures

Objective To explore the application value of electroencephalograph (EEG) patterns and dynamic monitoring in toxic comatose survivors.Methods Retrospective research of clinical data and different time intervals of long term EEG patterns according to 119 toxic comatose survivors.Results EEG monitoring indicated that all kinds of toxic comatose survivors were almost diffused slow waves of V style EEG pattern, except for those valium intoxation cataphora which were mainly β style. All Ⅰ style EEG pattern had an unfavorable prognosis, style Ⅱ and style Ⅲ had an unfavorable prognosis rate of 81.8 percents and 60 percents, while the best one was V style EEG pattern which had an abnormal diffused slow waves and 2.9 percents of unfavorable prognosis rate. The patients whose EEG pattern indicated a better trend during re-inspection predicted favorable prognosis, while a worse trend predicted unfavorable prognosis.Conclusions The EEG pattern of toxic comatose survivors has some sense to judging comatose degree and prognosis. However for those comatose patients, long term dynamic EEG monitoring can provide dynamic and more precise information for prognosis judgment. Key words: Toxic comatose; EEG pattern; Dynamic EEG monitoring; Prognosis

Fungal infection in premature

Objective To stuay the features of fungal infection by analyzing the preterm inpatient in our departrment retrospectively.Methods All preterm(1716 babies)inpatient in our department were ealtrolled between April 2005 to January 2008,and the assessment ofinfection was taken by elinical symptom and laratory examillation.The infected babies were give.flueonazol 6mg/(kg·d)by intravenous drip,and amphoteriein B and ganmla globulin would be used for those babies who were still sick.Results A total of 11 cases were diagnod as fungus infection.and another 26 cases of suspected fungus infecdon for a total of37 cases.accounting forthe total number of premature infants 2.16 percents;the death ofthree cases Qfinfection case-fatality rate was 8.1%.The average gestational age was(30.7±2.3)weeks,and 31 cases were less than 32 weeks,aceoundng or 83.78%.The average age ofinfecdon was(19.21±8.02)days;All babies were given two ormoire anubiodes,and used in part ortotal parenteral nutrition,and the number of babies had been conducted with invasive operation was 29.accounting for 78.38%.Conclusion Applicadon of a wide range of broad-spectnlm antibiotie,combined with a variety of antiNodes,invasive treatment in premature infants are nosoeomial fungal infection of the main faetors,the smaller gestational age,the more possibility fungal infoetion.Fluconazole is effective for fungal infection of newborns,and can be comidered as first.line drug.For premature infants,the longer-term(14 days or above)use of antifungal agents may be more appropriate treatment cycle. Key words: Premature; ungus; nfection

Les cires végétales : sources et applications

Waxes are mixture of long-chain apolar lipids of mineral, synthetic or natural (produced by living organisms) origin. In the plant kingdom, waxes that cover the different parts of the plant play the role of a physical and/or chemical barrier towards the outside thus allowing to control mass trans- fers and pest attacks. They can have also a storage function as in the Jojoba seeds. Because of their highly variable composition and physical properties, plant waxes (raw, refined or specific fractions) have found numerous applications in the food, cosmetic, candle, coating, polish, polymer and pharma- ceutical industries. However, only few of them are currently available at large scale (Candellila, Car- nauba, Jojoba) and they represent no more than a few percents of the global waxes market largely dominated by synthetic and petroleum-based products (97 %). In the future, the increase needs for renewable and vegetable-based materials will help to drive the market growth for vegetable waxes and especially those based on vegetable oils (saturated fatty alcohols from fully hydrogenated soybean and castor oils) which have gained importance during the last decade.

Association between promoter methylation of cyclooxygenase-2 and expression, and precancerous gastric lesions in a high-risk population

To evaluate the relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) methylation and expression, and precancerous gastric lesions. Methylation status of COX-2 was evaluated by quantitative denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) in 1201 subjects with different gastric lesions. COX-2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection status was determined by 13C-urea breath test (13 C-UBT). The percent of COX-2 methylation was increased steadily with the severity of gastric lesions, showing 10.6% of which with superficial gastritis/chronic atrophic gastritis (SG/CAG), 11.8% with intestinal metaplasia (IM) and 13.8% with indefinite dysplasia/dysplasia (Ind DYS/DYS) (chi2 = 8.312, P = 0.016). Stratified analysis indicated that the percents of COX-2 methylation in subjects with H pylori negative still increased with the severity of gastric lesions,of 8.8% in SG/CAG, 10.6% in IM and 14.1% in Ind DYS/DYS (chi2 = 6.629, P= 0.036). Moreover,the methylated proportion of COX-2 was negatively associated with the expression in gastric lesions, from 13.3% with mild expression to 7.6% with strong expression (chi2 = 10.400, P = 0.015). Our findings indicated that COX-2 methylation was significantly associated with precancerous gastric lesions and H pylori infection, suggesting that promoter methylation of COX-2 might play an important role in the progression of gastric lesions.

Early Experiences with Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in Pondok Indah Hospital

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is only recently being introduced in Indonesia with limited clinical experience. Clinical study of patients underwent PEG is very limited. This study was aimed to evaluate clinical profile of patients underwent PEG in a private hospital in Jakarta. Method: A retrospective study was done to patients underwent PEG in Pondok Indah hospital, Jakarta using medical record. Clinical data collected were patients’ demographics, diagnosis of underlying disease, indication for PEG insertion, and follow-up visits. Results: Ten cases were found between 2000 and 2008, six among them were men. All but one cases aged more than 50 years. Ninety percents of the patients had cerebrovascular disorder as their primary diagnosis and 60% of the main indication was dysphagia. Conclusion: No procedure-related major complications and death has occurred. This procedure was safe and potentially be offered to more widely clinical settings. Keywords: dysphagia, percutanelus endoscopic gastrostomy, enteral feeding

Influence of integrated education of hospitalization and follow-up on change of life by this treatment among patients with metabolic syndrome

Objective To explore the influence of integrated education of hospitalization and follow-up that impacts on the mode change of life and compliance to the treatment among the patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods 56 inpatients with metabolic syndrome (MS) were selected as the education objects.The pattents were given the systematic class education and bed-side education in hospital,and were follewed up and instructed the diet and exercise behavior after discharge.Results The satisfaction rate of total calories control per day achieved 71.4%in different stages after discharge.Compared to those before being hospitalized,there were statistical meanings in the percents of earbohydrate,fat and protein in total calories.the scores of exercise knowledge,exercise attitude and exercise compliance (P<0.05).Conclusions The integrated education of hospitalization and fellow-up makes the MS patients'total calories per day controlled into an ideal state, optimize the diet structure,and improve the exercise knowledge,exercisc attitude and exercise compliance. Key words: Health education; Metabolic syndrome; Life mode; Compliance

Československo-západoněmecké obchodněpolitické a dopravněpolitické vztahy v období 1968-1989

Smlouva o zřízení obchodních zastoupení a regulaci zbožového a platebního styku v roce 1967 předcházela navázání diplomatických vztahů v první polovině sedmdesátých let. Tato normalizace vzájemných politických vztahů však neovlivnila podstatně objem zahraniční výměny. Došlo však k rozšíření vzájemných obchodních zastoupení. Konec slibně se rozvíjející obchodní a dopravní československo-západoněmecké spolupráce přinesla vojenská okupace Československa a období politické normalizace. V období 1968 - 1989 zůstával československý podíl zahraničního obchodu na obchodu SRN pod hranicí jednoho procenta a západoněmecký podíl na obchodu Československa dosáhl jen několika procent. Přesto zůstala SRN nejvýznamnějším západoevropským partnerem Československa a Hamburk pro Československo nejvýznamnějším západoevropským námořním přístavem (kromě jugoslávské Rijeky).V československo-západoněmeckých hospodářských a dopravních vztazích se, nehledě na rozdílný mocenskopolitický a ideologický vývoj, uplatnila snaha po kompromisu a realitě. Právně bezesmluvní stav na Labi, který vydržel od konce druhé světové války až do roku 1988, resp. do roku 1990, představoval jeden z řady paradoxů hospodářského vývoje poválečné Evropy.

Profile of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Endoscopic Unit at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital - Medan

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide every year. Rates of this malignancy vary by country. In Indonesia, the prevalence is estimated to have an increased tendency. The objectives of this sudy was to examine the prevalence and profile of colorectal cancer, which are diagnosed by endoscopic examination. Method: The study was conducted retrospectively, by examining the Result of endoscopic findings of patients with rectal bleeding, altered bowel habit, chronic diarrhea, unexplain abdominal pain, and other signs and symptoms at The Endoscopic Unit Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Pirngadi hospital from January 2004 to June 2008. Results: We found 197 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from 760 patients examined by colonoscopy (25.9%). One hundred and one patients (51.3%) out of 197 CRC patients were female. Most were in the group of age 51-60 years (28.9%). The most frequent ethnic of the patients were Bataknese (46.2%). The most common symptom was rectal bleeding (70.6%). The most common location of CRC was in the rectum (74.6%). Histopathologic Result was adenocarcinoma. Conclusion : The prevalence of colorectal cancer in this study were twenty six percents. Rectal bleeding appeared to be the most common sign in this study. Rectum was the most common site of the cancer. Most of patients were Bataknese. Patients were at advanced stage and most of them were having well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Keywords : colorectal cancer, rectal bleeding, altered bowel habits, colonoscopy

Etiology and epidemiology of osteoporosis in men

One-half to two-thirds of men with osteoporosis have secondary osteoporosis. The most important causes are heavy drinking, medication, and hypogonadism. Bone mineral density (BMD) slowly decreases with age in men, but prevalence of osteoporosis reached more than 20 percents among men aged 80 years and older. BMD is a major predictor for fracture risk in men as well as women, and predictive ability of BMD in men is similar with that in women. Smoking is a stronger predictor for future fracture in men compared with women. Previous fracture, alcohol drinking, steroid usage, and family history have similar predictive ability for fracture risk in both men and women.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM ON THE FOLIAR SURFACE OF THE CUCUMBERS CULTIVATED IN THE SOLARIUM

The data presented in this paper has been picked during an expansive experience, where, beside the influence of the irrigation system on the foliar surface of the cucumbers, it has been also analyzed the effects of this factor over the output and its quality, over the growth and the fructification, over the water consumption etc. The experiences were carried out between 2003-2005, in one of the greenhouse-solarium of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj–Napoca. We organized six experimental variants, each one with three repetitions: half of the variants have been irrigated by dripping and the other half by furrow irrigation, and by using for each irrigation method the three minimum ceiling watering: when the soil humidity reach 50%, 70% and 90% from the active humidity interval (A.H.I.). The six experimental variants were noted down by a letter, which indicates the method used (F – furrow irrigation and D – dripping irrigation) and followed by a number that indicates the moment of the watering in percents from the A.H.I.

DETERMINATION of PROPER SOWING TECHNIQUES for CRIMEAN JUNIPER (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) and SMALL FRUITED JUNIPER (Juniperus oxycedrus L.)

In this study, the effects of sowing depth, seed cover material, mulching, sheltering and irrigation on the seed germination percent of Crimean Juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) and Small Fruited Juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus L.) were determined. The study material (seeds) was collected from a natural population of each species located in Egirdir-Cire forest district. The experiments related to the study were laid out according to “Completely Randomized Design” with three replications in Egirdir Forest Nursery. Germination percents relating the different sowing techniques were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software. The variance analysis and Duncan test showed that the best sowing depth in terms of germination was 2 mm depth for Crimean Juniper. However, the sowing depth should be set out according to the cover material to be used for Small Fruited Juniper. Keywords: Crimean Juniper, Small Fruited Juniper, Sowing tecnique.

The Relationship Between the Ranks of Comprehensive Exam of Basic Sciences and Teacher Evaluation in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences(1991-2003)

Introduction: Teachers’ evaluation is one of the most important factors in decision making in university. It is done to determine the situation of teaching activities. Since the university rank in Comprehensive Exam of Basic Sciences(CEBS) is indicated as educational success, this survey was carried out to determine the relationship between university ranks of CEBS in different courses and their corresponding teachers’ evaluation in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 1991-2003 . Materials & Methods: A descriptive study of correlation sort was carried out. A questionnaire was designed to collect data. The variables were the exam years, grade and rank of university in different courses, sex, age and average of students, minimum pass level and teachers’ evaluation ranks. The data were collected from Office of Graduate Affaires, Computer Center and Medical Education and Development Center. Collected data were analyzed by correlation coefficient (Spearman, Pearson), mean, and percentage. Results : Results of teachers’ evaluation and CEBS from 11 and 13 periods were collected respectively. During 1991-2003 teachers’ evaluations have shown positive and negative correlation coefficients in Physiology and Health courses respectively. There were positive correlations between singlness and femalness percents and rank of CEBS (p<002) and also negative correlation between the failed terms’ dropped units and rank of CEBS (p<0.02). There wasn’t any correlation between results of teachers’ evaluation and rank of university in CEBS. Conclusion: Since the results of this study didn’t indicate any correlational relationship between teachers’ evaluation and rank of CEBS , it is recommended that other methods of evaluation such as student’s attitudes and opinion be used for this kind of evaluation.

The analysis of modern ways of sampling personnel

Summary This article includes the analysis of modern ways of sampling personnel. Several ways are presented in detail: the significance of the section of personnel, the methods of searching personnel in Lithuania and in the world's practice, job agencies in Lithuania ‐ their types and advantages, the specifics of job hunting in different sources. The conclusions about searching for personnel on‐line: advantages, shortcommings, technical aspects (are given different ways of searching for personnel), effectiveness (in percents) are compared. Some aspects are illustrated by pictures (the most effective ways of searching for personnel).

Efektivitas Intervensi Garam Iodium Melalui Rumah Tangga Terhadap Penurunan Tgr Pada Anak Sekolah

THE EFFECTIVITY OF IODIZED SALT INTERVENTION THROUGH HOUSEHOLDS TO THE TGR IN SCHOOL CHILDREN. Background: The program to control iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Indonesia has been implemented for more than three decades. The total goiter rate (TGR) was decreased dramatically from 28.2% in 1982 to 9.8% in 1998. However national survey of iodine deficiency disorders in 2003 found that TGR at national level did not decrease in the period of 1998 to 2003. The number of severe endemic area was decreased, but the number of mild endemic area was increased. This raises the question on the effectivity of the program. The finding can lead to the condusion that using high dose iodine capsule might very effective compared to iodized salts. This paper reports the effect of a three-months iodized salt intervention to the TGR in school children. Objectives: To study the effectivity of iodized salt intervention through households in reducing goiter by palpation to assess the size of the thyroid glands of the goiter in the school children. Methods: A number of 81 families of school children aged 7-12 years were supplied with 2400 grams of iodized salt contained 60 ppm for three months. The study was conducted in endemic iodine deficiency area in Kola Batu, East Java province. The goiter was measured by palpation, and iodine in the urine was analyzed using wet digestion method. The measurements were conducted before and after the intervention. Results: After three months intervention, the goiter rate was decreased by 64.8 percents. There was a significant elevation of iodine excretion in urine level, even in the subjects who had not decreased their goiter gland volume. Conclusions: The study found that the supplementation of iodized salt through the households was very effective in reducing the TGR in school children.