Percentage Of Malnutrition Research Articles

Influence Supplements Multi Micronutrients (MMS) on Nutritional Status Mother Pregnant in City Gorontalo

Multi micronutrient supplements (MMS) are supplements that contain 15 most essential vitamins and minerals for pregnant women. MMS contains many nutrients, one of which is vitamin B which can increase appetite, vitamin B12 and folic acid which can form hemoglobin to prevent anemia. This research aims to determine the effect of multi supplements micronutrient (mms) on the nutritional status of pregnant women in Gorontalo City. This research method is a quantitative method with a pre-experimental research design with a one group pre and post test design . The sample was 112 people using the Slovin formula, sampling using proportional sampling . Statistical analysis used the T-test to see changes before and after being given MMS. The results of the study showed that for nutritional status there was a decrease in the percentage of malnutrition before it was given mms 12.5% decreased to 0.9% after being given MMS. Normal nutrition which was previously 87.5% increased to 99.1% after being given MMS. Conclusion: There is an influence of MMS on the nutritional status of pregnant women in Gorontalo City with a p-value of 0.000 ≤0.05, meaning that MMS is effective in improving the nutritional status of pregnant women.

Malnutrition among Under-five Children in India: Trends and Determinants

An imbalance in the dietary intake by persons or children is considered as malnutrition. Malnutrition is prevalent in Indian society, especially among the section of children with the age group of less than five years where 14 lakh children have been identified as the victim of malnutrition. This research paper study aims to figure out the trends and determinations that are responsible for malnutrition among the children of India under the age of five years group. The percentage of malnutrition in in rural areas is 152.3 per cent and tis percentage is 53.21 per cent in urban areas. This research paper analysis has been carried out with the help of secondary qualitative data and it has been analysed with the help of thematic analysis. The results of this research article have revealed that in the current scenario, the problem of malnutrition is pervasive although the poverty rate in the country has been reduced. Around 13.5 crores population in India is under poverty rate. The reasons behind the higher level of malnutrition in the country are due to improper cultural practices, gender discrimination, and high poverty. The Indian Government has launched some measures for the wellness and development of the malnourished population of India which include “ICDS, NHM, MMS, and NNP”.

Malnutrition status and related factors in gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment at Ho Chi Minh City oncology hospital

Chemotherapy is one type of systemic treatment for cancer that causes side effects on eating and energy supply, leading to weight loss and malnutrition. Detecting malnutrition early in gastric cancer patients plays a critical role in implementing an effective nutritional regimen that can improve their nutritional status, prevent weight loss, and enhance their ability to withstand and respond to chemotherapy. The cross-sectional study was performed on 95 patients in Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital from October 2021 to June 2022. According to the PG-SGA, MUAC, and BMI, the percentage of malnutrition are 69.5%, 33.7%, and 31.6%, respectively. There is a statistically significant connection between malnutrition rate by PG-SGA with age categories, cancer treatment methods, side effects of chemotherapy, and anemia.

Gambaran Penanganan Status Gizi Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jagir Surabaya

Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017, more than half of the deaths of children under five years are caused by diseases that can be prevented and treated by easy and affordable interventions. The prevalence of wasting under five according to the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (2022) in the city of Surabaya is 6.1%. The wasting rate in the city of Surabaya is below the national and provincial averages. Meanwhile, the prevalence of underweight toddlers in the city of Surabaya is 7.5%, this prevalence rate is below the average prevalence of East Java Province, which is 15.8%. Descriptive research with retrospective design, using accidental sampling. In January and February, nutritional status in the normal category had the highest percentages, namely 80.86% and 82.26%. Interventions carried out by health workers resulted in a decrease in the percentage of malnutrition in February by 0.11%. The risk of over nutrition decreased by 1.12%, in nutritional status in the category of overweight and obesity there was also a decrease of 0.04% and 0.37%. Handling programs in reducing malnutrition rates in toddlers, namely monitoring weight and height / body length through home visits, giving milk (CFC), giving KIE to family members, coordinating with cross-sectors if there are obstacles related to non-health problems, there are a decrease in malnutrition status from 4 (0.15%) toddlers in January 2023 to 1 (0.036%) toddlers in February 2023, so that the numbers found are below the minimum target of 1.8% malnutrition rate of the total toddlers examined. The factor of malnutrition is due to congenital abnormalities or what is commonly called a congenital disease.

GAMBARAN TUMBUH KEMBANG BALITA USIA 0-24 BULAN DI POSYANDU KAMBOJA 3B

Toddlers are a golden period for the development of a child's brain, especially their physical condition dan cognition. Assessment of toddler development in this period is very important so that if an abnormality is found, it can be intervened immediately. This community service aims to see an overview of the growth dan development of toddlers aged 0-24 months at Posyandu Cambodia 3B with a cross sectional method dan a descriptive type. This community service was carried out with 44 respondents. The results showed normal nutritional status with a percentage of 81% for BB/TB, 61% for BB/U, dan 48% for TB/U. The proportion of malnutrition or malnutrition is 36%, short 45%, dan thin 18%, tall 6%, fat 2%. Based on the results, it was found that the percentage of malnutrition or undernutrition was still very high, so interventions were needed to correct the nutrition of toddlers 0-24 months. This is important to ensure the future of toddlers.

Implementation of new indicators of pediatric malnutrition and comparison to previous indicators.

Early identification of childhood malnutrition is imperative to improve overall health outcomes, and more importantly, to start early intervention to decrease the risk of future complications. This study aimed to evaluate new malnutrition Z-score growth indicators for detecting pediatric malnutrition and degrees of severity and compare their accuracy with that of growth chart centiles. This retrospective study included 475 pediatric patients from several pediatric nutrition clinics for six months. The participant's weight, height, age, and growth parameters were recorded using both traditional growth charts (centiles) and updated malnutrition indicators (z-scores). The percentage and degree of malnutrition using centiles and Z-scores were compared. In children aged <2 years, the percentage of malnutrition was 4.7% higher when measured using new malnutrition indicators (weight-for-length Z-score) compared with (weight-for-length centiles). Our results also showed 9.6% higher number of malnourished children >2 years of age when BMI-for-age Z-score was used compared to weight-for-height centiles while there were 15.8% higher malnourished children when BMI-for-age Z-score was compared to BMI-for-age centiles for the same group. We found a significant difference (X2=202.548, P=<.0001) between the degree of malnutrition in children aged >2 years using BMI-for-age Z-score (normal vs. malnourished) and the degree of malnutrition using BMI centiles (normal vs. malnourished). Approximately 34% of the children classified as normal using centiles were classified as malnourished using Z-scores. Comparing the degrees of Malnutrition, approximately 23% (45 of 196) of children classified as normal based on centiles were classified as having mild malnutrition when Z-scores were used, and 42% (80 of 192) of children who were classified as having mild malnutrition based on centiles were classified as having moderate malnutrition when Z-scores were used. In our study, a higher percentage of children showed malnutrition when assessed using the Z-score (BMI-for-age for children >2 years/weight-for-length for children <2 years of age) than the centiles growth chart.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the geriatric inpatient unit

Objective We aimed to determine the effects of the pandemic on the inpatients in the geriatric unit by comparing the demographic and clinical characteristics, reasons for hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality of the patients before and during the pandemic. Methods The population of this retrospective, cross-sectional study consisted of inpatients in the geriatric unit for two years (11 March 2019–10 March 2021). The patients were separated into two groups according to the hospitalization time as pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 period. Hospitalization types, reasons for hospitalization, length of stay, demographic data, chronic diseases, drugs, developed morbidities, discharge, and 1-year mortality status of the patients were recorded. Results Three hundred and fifty patients were included in our study. The mean age was 80.4 ± 8.02. It was observed that the number of hospitalized patients decreased by ∼50% in the COVID-19 period. However, there was a significant decrease in hospitalization due to the control of chronic diseases during the COVID-19 period (p = .008). The number of inpatients from the emergency department was found to be higher during the COVID-19 period (p < .001). Regarding the presence of geriatric syndromes, polypharmacy (p = .011) and delirium (p = .035) were found to be significantly less in the pre-COVID-19 period. The percentage of malnutrition was also detected as lower, but it was not statistically significant. In terms of 1-year mortality, although not statistically significant, the all-cause mortality rate was higher during the COVID-19 period (p = .08). Conclusions Pandemic has greatly affected the geriatric unit. The prognosis of the patients has worsened and mortality rates have increased. Physiological and psychological deterioration caused by quarantine measures, worsening chronic diseases, and immunosenescence affected the prognosis of geriatric patients. This adds to the previous literature by proving the fact that older individuals are the most vulnerable group in the pandemic.

Hospital nutrition: dietary intake characteristics among adults with NCDs (Algeria, 2020)

Introduction: Hospital malnutrition is a common problem among non-communicable diseases' (NCDs) inpatients, and it is related to food intake characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine the current dietary intake characteristics of hospitalized adults with NCDs in Algeria. Methods: The study sample consisted of 105 inpatients. The dietary intake was evaluated using the 24 hours recall method, CIQUAL Table, 2016 was used for nutritional values and Subjective global assessment (SGA) for the nutritional status assessment. Results: The study design responds to a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out on a sample of 105 inpatients. The malnutrition percentage was 44.76% (B/C on SGA). Most consumed food was self-provided (78.09%) and 3.81% of food was hospital-provided. Energy intakes were low with a median of 4805 kJ/day; 24.76% of participants met 100% of their energy requirements while 13.33% met ≥75% of their protein requirements with no significant difference between well-nourished and malnourished patients. Dietary sugar was higher than 10% of total energy, and alpha-linolenic acid was at 0.06% of total energy with severe deficient of vitamins and minerals. Conclusions: Current food supply including non-regulated sources in hospital was not able to meet the dietary requirements of inpatients. Improving hospital nutritional services, supporting patients at mealtimes and nutritional education among patients’ families are solutions to improve patient nutritional status.

Prognostic factors for malnutrition in patients with colorectal cancer

Introduction: patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, including colorectal surgery, particularly if they are oncological patients, are at risk of malnutrition with a worse postoperative evolution and an increase in complications. Objectives: to assess the prevalence of malnutrition in patients undergoing colon and rectal surgery in our hospital, and to identify the different risk factors for malnutrition. Methods: a retrospective cohort study including all patients operated on for colorectal cancer in our environment. Results: a total of 382 patients with a mean age of 69.93 years were included in the study. Considering different risk factors for malnutrition, we obtained that 50.6 % of the patients had some of the risk indicators for malnutrition altered at the time of admission. The variables that proved to be independent factors related to malnutrition were age, DM, baseline malnutrition, and heart disease. Preoperative malnutrition turned out to be the greatest risk factor for presenting moderate/severe malnutrition in the postoperative period with an OR of 3.83 (2.1-6.9; p < 0.001), and was also associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications and longer hospital stays. We obtained that the percentage of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the group of patients diagnosed with peroperative malnutrition (36.3 % vs 22.0 %, p = 0.004). Conclusions: the percentage of malnutrition in patients with colorectal cancer is high, an aspect that is underestimated in most surgical services. In our study, malnutrition leads to worse outcomes with an increase in complications.

Nutritional Status and Associated Risk Factors of Syrian Children's Residents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and associated risk factors of Syrian children living in Saudi Arabia. In this study, 55 boys and 55 girls ranging in age from 6 to 12 years were selected. Socioeconomic data of families were collected using a structured questionnaire. The participants’ anthropometric measurements were calculated. The 24-h recall method was applied to calculate the daily food intake. Dietary nutrients’ average daily intake of both boys and girls was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) lower than that of the dietary reference intake (DRI) with few exceptions. The sedentary lifestyles of both boys and girls had a negative impact on their food choices, and as a result, a large number of them were underweight and suffered from malnutrition and stunting. Spearman correlation coefficients revealed that most of the children’s dependent variables were risk factors and strongly and negatively associated with their nutritional status proxies. The study concluded that both boys and girls had unbalanced nutritional status with high percentages of malnutrition and stunting because most dependent factors were adversely related to the independent ones.

Nutritional Intervention Improves Nutrition Outcomes in Stomach and Colon Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: Finding from a Quasi-Experiment in Vietnam.

Background: Evidence on the effects of nutritional interventions on gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy is not well documented. This study aims to assess the effects of nutritional intervention in patients diagnosed with stomach and colon cancer receiving chemotherapy in Vietnam. Methods: A quasi-experiment with intervention and control groups for pre- and post-intervention was carried out in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in a university hospital in Vietnam. Patients in the intervention group were provided nutritional counseling, personalized specific dietary advice, and received oral nutrition supplements (ONSs) while patients in the control group only received nutrition counseling. Results: The weight in the intervention and control group after 2 months increased significantly by 1.4 ± 2.6 kg and 0.4 ± 2.3 kg, respectively. Muscle mass increased by 1.2 ± 4.1 cm in the intervention group, while those in the control group decreased by 0.55 ± 2.77 cm. There was no statistical significance between two groups after intervention in terms of Mid–Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) and percentage of fat. The percentage of malnutrition based on the Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and Body Mass Index (BMI) declined after the intervention in both groups. According to the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) using the propensity score matching and DiD method, participants receiving the intervention were more likely to have a higher score of weight (Coef = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.47; 2.16) and muscle mass (Coef = 1.08; 95%CI = 0.09; 2.06) between pre- and post-intervention. By contrast, the PG-SGA scores on treated participants were more likely to decrease after the intervention (Coef = −1.28; 95%CI = −4.39; −0.84). After matching, being female, living in rural areas, or having stomach cancer were still positively related to being moderately/severely malnourished by the PG-SGA, and these findings were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The nutritional interventions had a positive effect on weight gain, muscle mass, and reduced malnutrition. Further studies with a longer follow-up duration are needed to confirm the effects of the intervention.

Risk factors for aspiration pneumonia in geriatric patients with dementia and prolonged dysphagia

Background: Dysphagia is an obvious risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in old age patients, especially those who are having dementia. The study aimed to determine the risk factors responsible for the development of aspiration pneumonia in geriatric patients with dementia and dysphagia in order to enable the development of a particular preventive program accordingly. Patients and Methods: The study recruited 98 patients diagnosed with dementia and dysphagia classified into patient and control groups according to the presence of aspiration pneumonia. Data collected included demographic and medical assessment data. Dementia severity was assessed with the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale. According to the results of bedside clinical swallowing assessment and the Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) results, the severity of swallowing impairment was determined by using the functional oral intake scale (FOIS), oropharyngeal secretion collection, penetration aspiration scale (PAS), and pharyngeal stasis scale. Results: Patients with aspiration pneumonia were of longer hospital stay duration, with more percentage of malnutrition, recent stroke, and comorbidities with RR (risk ratio) of 3.22, 1.59 and 3.8 respectively. FEES outcome revealed significant differences between the two groups in all measures of dysphagia severity. The risk factors of aspiration pneumonia were severe penetration aspiration, combined tube, and oral feeding, malnutrition, comorbidities, and severe dementia. Conclusion: The predictive risk factors for the development of aspiration pneumonia in dementia patients with dysphagia were malnutrition, comorbidities, severe dementia, and severe aspiration scale and tube feeding. These findings should be integrated into clinical practice to prevent aspiration pneumonia.

Contextual Effect of Integrated Heath Post on Nutritional Status among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Surabaya, East Java

Background: A child will come into toddler phase which is the rapid growth and development phase. It turns children into one of the groups that vulnerable to suffer from undernutrition. The data of Riskesdas (Basic Health Research) in 2018 indicates that the percentage of malnutrition and undernutrition in Indonesia is 17.7%, in which the number is still higher than the target of National Medium Term Development Plan 2019 which is 17%. The study aimed to analyzes factors that affect nutritional status of children aged 6 – 59 months in Surabaya, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 25 integrated health posts (posyandu) in Surabaya, East Java, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 children aged 6 – 59 months was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was nutritional status (weight for age). The independent variables were history of exclusive breastfeeding, history of low birth weigth (LBW), maternal educational level, maternal knowledge, maternal occupation, family income, and environmental hygiene and sanitation. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: Poor nutritional status increased with the history of LBW (b= 5.29; 95% CI= 1.87 to 6.72; p= 0.003) and poor environmental hygiene and sanitation (b= 3.35; 95% CI= 0.77 to 5.94; p= 0.011). Poor nutritional status decreased with maternal educational status ≥Senior high school (b= -2.81; 95% CI= -5.24 to -0.38; p= 0.023), high maternal knowledge (b= -2.68; 95% CI= -5.01 to -0.35; p= 0.024), and high family income (b= -3.37; 95% CI= -6.04 to -0.71; p= 0.013). Conclusion : Poor nutritional status increases with the history of LBW and poor environmental hygiene and sanitation. Poor nutritional status decreases with maternal educational status ≥Senior high school, high maternal knowledge, and high family income. Keywords: nutritional status, birth weight, sanitation, children under five Correspondence: Triana Ulfa Nur Aziza. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir.Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: trianaulfanuraziza@gmail.com. Mobile: +628135­8396565 Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2020), 5(1): 79-87 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2020.05.01.09

To assess the prevalence of malnutrition among the children of age group of 0 - 5 years in the rural area of Vidarbha region

The problems of malnutrition among under-five children can be used to determine the need for nutritional surveillance, nutritional care, or appropriate nutritional intervention programmes in a community. The present study was planned to assess prevalence of malnutrition in children of the age group of 0 to 5 years. A village based study was carried out to assess prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children at the rural area of Katol. Data was collected by interview schedule for collection of socio-demographic and physical examination format for assessing malnutrition status from January 2016 to April 2016. A child’s detailed history, sex and weight were recorded and length/height were measured using standard technique. The height and weight were plotted on WHO centiles curves. The malnutrition was graded according to WHO classification. Data analysis was done by using WHO Anthro and SPSS software. Total study subjects age group 0-5yrs. 310 study subjects were in study group and 320 study subjects in control group. As per WHO classification of protein energy malnutrition, 75/320(23.43%) from control group and 59/310 (19, 03%) from study group study subjects were in normal range Significantly higher number no children from study group 80.96% (251/310) showed malnutrition by applying any of the anthropometric parameter than that in control group 76.56% (245/320) (χ2- value=13.43, p-value=0.0038). In conclusion, high percentage of malnutrition was found in under five children in male children. Keywords: Malnutrition, Children, WHO, Rural.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STATUS GIZI BALITA (12-59 BULAN) DI PUSKESMAS SUKADIRI KABUPATEN TANGERANG TAHUN 2018

Background: Nutrition Status Monitoring in 2018 organized by the Ministry of Health states that the percentage of malnutrition in infants aged 0-59 months in Indonesia was 3.8%, while the percentage of malnutrition was 14%. Nutritional needs for children in the early days of life are very important. Malnutrition can have bad consequences even death. Objective: To determine the analysis of factors that affect the nutritional status of toddlers (12-59 months) in Sukadiri Health Centre Tangerang Regency in 2018. Methodology: The design of this study is an analytical survey using a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study were 97 toddlers. Instrument consists of KMS and questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test to determine whether or not there is a relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Results: Of the 97 toddlers, most of the toddlers had good nutrition status which was 72.2%, toddlers who received exclusive breastfeeding was 53.6%, toddlers who had infectious diseases was 53.6%, maternal behavior in providing good food for toddler was 55.7%, good environmental sanitation was 51.5%, Chi Square test results obtained history of exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.116), history of infectious diseases (p value = 0.014), maternal behavior in feeding toddlers (p value = 0.002), environmental sanitation (p value = 0.022). Conclusions: From this study it was found that there was a significant relationship between history of infectious disease, maternal behavior in feeding toddlers, and environmental sanitation but there was no relationship between exclusive breastfeeding history and nutritional status of toddlers.

Effect of Positive Devience Approach to Parenting in Malnutrition Children in Muke Village - East Nusa Tenggara - Indonesia

The percentage of malnutrition and stunting are still a major problem in east Nusa Tenggara Indonesia. Therefore we need a way to overcome these nutritional problems, among others, with the Positive Deviance Approach. This method is an act of community empowerment by transferring positive behaviour in mothers with malnutrition children. The research objective is Identify the effect of a positive deviance approach on mothers who have malnourished children. Subject and Method: this research is pre-experimental with one group pre-post test design. Data collection on 31 mothers who have malnutrition children. Result: after the intervention the mother's knowledge increases regarding feeding, child care and environmental health. After intervention maternal behavior increased regarding feeding, child care and environmental health. Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant influence between a positive deviance approach to experience with mothers' knowledge (p=0,03) and behavior (p=0,04) about feeding, caring for children and environmental health. Conclusion: The Positive Deviance approach gives an effect on increasing the knowledge and behavior of mothers in feeding, child care and environmental health. Recommendation: Use the Positive deviance method for changing people's behavior.

Effect of Specific Nutritional Program on Patients with Chronic Renal Failure on Hemodialysis on El-keman Village Luxor Governorate

Background: Chronic renal failure is a universal community health problem. It is important to the patient to be on a specific healthy diet program. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a specified nutritional program on the health status of renal patients on hemodialysis. Patients and methods: This was an interventional study that was conducted in the renal dialysis unit in El-keman village, Luxor Governorate. It included 60 patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. An educational nutritional program was designed for the studied group. The patients were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS program version 19 with considering statistical significance when P value < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the studied participants was 46 years with age ranging from 20-60 years old. Nearly 56.7% of the patients were males and 51.7% of them were of low social class. Regarding the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), there was highly statistically significant difference in MNA score before and after intervention (25.07 versus 22.45 respectively) and there was marked significant reduction in malnutrition percentage after the intervention. Creatinine, urea, AST, ALT and cholesterol significantly decreased after intervention compared to the levels before it. There was highly statistically significant improvement in hemoglobin level after intervention. Conclusion: It can be concluded that proper nutrition is important for patients on hemodialysis as good nutritional status of the patients affects greatly their quality of life and health status.

Effect of Specific Nutritional Program on Patients with Chronic Renal Failure on Hemodialysis on El-keman Village Luxor Governorate

Background: Chronic renal failure is a universal community health problem. It is important to the patient to be on a specific healthy diet program. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a specified nutritional program on the health status of renal patients on hemodialysis. Patients and methods: This was an interventional study that was conducted in the renal dialysis unit in El-keman village, Luxor Governorate. It included 60 patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. An educational nutritional program was designed for the studied group. The patients were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS program version 19 with considering statistical significance when P value < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the studied participants was 46 years with age ranging from 20-60 years old. Nearly 56.7% of the patients were males and 51.7% of them were of low social class. Regarding the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), there was highly statistically significant difference in MNA score before and after intervention (25.07 versus 22.45 respectively) and there was marked significant reduction in malnutrition percentage after the intervention. Creatinine, urea, AST, ALT and cholesterol significantly decreased after intervention compared to the levels before it. There was highly statistically significant improvement in hemoglobin level after intervention. Conclusion: It can be concluded that proper nutrition is important for patients on hemodialysis as good nutritional status of the patients affects greatly their quality of life and health status.

Prevalence of Malnutrition among Kindergartens Children in Southeast of Iran

Background: Malnutrition accounts as the most common nutritional disorder in developing countries, and it is as one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on kindergartens? children in Zabol, southeast of Iran. 322 children selected through randomized cluster stratified sampling method. Anthropometric measurements were used to identify the percentage of malnutrition. Mothers of the children invited to participate by answering a set of questionnaires for mothers. Underweight, wasting and stunting among kindergarten were 5%, 7.1% and 7.3% respectively. Obesity based on index weight to height observed in 0.9% of children. Results: Significant relationship revealed among mother education levels, parents' occupation and monthly income with the ratio of height to age (H/A) (p<0.05). Analysis of data showed a significant relationship among variables such as type of feeding and age of multivitamin intake, with ratio of W/A (p<0.05). Also a significant relationship revealed among daily intake of multivitamin and age of multivitamin intake with the ratio H/A (p<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition based on weight for age and height for age and weight to height that mentioned in current research as indicators of malnutrition, may not be represent the nutritional status in these age groups.

The relationship between nutritional status and handgrip strength in adult cancer patients: a cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition is a common complication in head, neck and lung cancer patients, particularly in cases of gastrointestinal system (GIS) cancer. Therefore, an assessment of malnutrition is crucial for early nutritional interventions. It was conducted as a cross-sectional study to evaluate nutritional status of adult cancer patients. The nutritional status of 104 cancer patients (52 GIS and 52 non-GIS cancer cases) using a Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), handgrip strength, certain anthropometric measurements and food consumption in and outside of the hospital were assessed. The percentages of malnutrition were 64.6 and 64.3% in the male patients with and without GIS cancer, respectively. They were 61.9 and 45.8% in the female patients with GIS and without GIS cancer, respectively. However, no significant difference was found between these two groups according to the malnutrition classification, PG-SGA score, handgrip strength and other anthropometric measurements (p > 0.05). The daily energy and protein intakes (per body weight) of the female patients in the hospital were significantly lower than those outside (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a positive moderate and significant relationship between the handgrip strength and lean body mass (r = 0.522, p = 0.000). A negative relationship was observed between the PG-SGA score and the handgrip strength (r = - 0.117, p = 0.071), but it was not statistically significant. Cancer patients could be provided with nutritional education, and arrangements could be made with hospital nutritional services in order to prevent malnutrition.