Penetration Of Solution Research Articles

Experimental Study of the Resistance to Influence of Aggressive Liquids on Lightweight Concrete.

In light of the scientific research, the corrosion of concrete structures is one of the main problems that may reduce their durability due to the negative impact of the natural environment. The paper analyzes the influence of the type of component on the selected properties of lightweight concrete subjected to the influence of aggressive liquids. Four concrete mixes were prepared with a granular aggregate made of foamed glass (GEGA) and aggregate made of sintered fly ash (GAA) with the use of a mineral additive: silica fly ash. The prepared lightweight concrete after one year was exposed for 60 days to the following environments: strong acid—HCl, 1% and 2% concentration, weak acid—CH3COOH, 1% and 2% concentration, and an aqueous salt solution of Na2SO4, 1% and 2% concentration. Then, the compressive strength was tested, and the microstructure analysis of the ready-made lightweight concrete (LWC) was performed. The degree of penetration of aggressive solutions into the cracks of the samples was assessed by means of applying 1% phenolphthalein solution. Changes in the weight of lightweight concrete samples after the test period were estimated. The obtained test results indicate that the decrease in the durability of lightweight concrete can be classified as a long-term process. Concrete with GEGA and GAA showed high resistance to aggressive environments. Moreover, the environment containing chlorides turned out to be the most aggressive, while the environment containing sulfates proved to be the least aggressive. The higher the concentration of the destructive factor was, the faster the corrosion process went. This has been proven by measuring the pH using phenolphthalein and carrying out microscopic examination. Concretes containing aggregates made of foamed glass and sintered fly ash are suitable for use both in traditional construction and in facilities exposed to an aggressive environment (e.g., in the chemical industry and at gas stations).

Results of experimental studies of integrated physico-chemical impact in carbonate reservoirs

The article highlights the experimental studies results of carbonate rock dissolution kinetics in order to develop effective methods of slowing down the acid reaction rate in the heterogeneous structures. It was found that the intensity of carbonate reservoirs leaching process with the addition of hydrocarbon solvents such as dioxanes increases due to the acetals transition to the oil phase, dissolution of highly active oil components and more intense penetration of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid to the carbonate matrix of the reservoir rock, which intensifies the process of leaching. The technology of complex physico-chemical impact on carbonate reservoirs has been developed. It is shown that the use of a aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions mixture and an organic solvent leads to an increase in the dissolution efficiency to 88% and the reaction rate increases by a factor of 3.5.

Hydrolytic degradation of PLA/Posidonia Oceanica green composites: A simple model based on starting morpho-chemical properties

In this work, we studied the degradability of PLA-based biocomposites containing Posidonia Oceanica flour at different loading levels and aspect ratios. Hydrolytic tests were carried out in neutral (pH = 7.4) and alkaline (pH = 10) environment. Time-dependent evolution of some key features, including residual mass and solution uptake, was monitored, and correlated with the changes observed in both morphology and chemical structure of the matrix. The results pointed out that biocomposites degraded much faster than neat PLA in both conditions, up to lose 70% of their initial weight after 1000 h immersion. A complex mechanism was unveiled, evidencing the crucial role of the fillers, capable of both imparting degradation to PLA during processing with enhancement of hydrophilicity and offering preferential gateways for solution penetration through filler-matrix interface by capillarity and swelling-aided polymer cracking. Based on data collected, we propose a new model allowing to predict the triggering and final extent of degradation pathways by considering starting morphological and chemical features of composites via the use of a novel yet simple indicator of chemical stability, which we called morphochemical parameter.

A comparative study of the effect of cellulose-based deep coating and pulp refining on the structural and mechanical properties of paper

A new coating method was developed, based on cellulose regenerated from an N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) solution applied to paper. In particular, the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the “deep coating” method using cellulose regenerated from NMMO solution and the classic pulp refining process as methods to improve paper mechanical properties and overall quality. The “deep coating” name comes from the fact that the coating process is combined with subsequent heating of the coating before its final solidification. As a result of this operation, deep penetration of the cellulosic solution into the paper structure occurs. This increases the contact surface of the solution with the cellulosic fibers, which increases the strength properties of the paper structure. It was found that the cellulosic coating increased the apparent density of the paper, the tensile strength, the elongation, the resistance to bursting, and the double fold number. However, the coating also decreased the air permeability and the tear resistance of the paper samples. Despite some technological difficulties, this method could be an attractive solution in the case of a need for additional functionalization of a paper structure.

First Prototype 18650 Aqueous Supercapacitors Using Graphite Coated Al Foil As Low Cost and Anti-Corrosion Current Collector

Supercapacitors have been attached much attention for power supplies due to their high-power density and excellent cycling stability. Up to now, the study of aqueous supercapacitors is increasing continuously due to their low-cost and high safety with non-flammable. Especially, it provides a high-power density up to 10 kW kg-1 (refers to the fast charge/discharge capability) which is higher than other electrolytes such as organic and ionic liquid electrolytes.(1) However, the major problem of the aqueous electrolyte system is the corrosion of metal current collector, especially aluminium (Al) foil. Even the Al foil is a promising current collector due to its low-cost, it can be corroded easily in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the resistive oxide film is spontaneously formed on the surface of Al foil, leading to low conductivity of the electrode.(2) To address this issue, we chose the graphite material for coating on the top and bottom of Al foil surface as a hydrophobic layer to prevent a penetration of the aqueous solution into Al foil surface that can be confirmed by contact angle measurement. In addition, we further studied the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared electrode in a half-cell configuration. Overall, not only protection of corrosion but also improvement of interfacial contact between electrode material layer and current collector are resulted from graphite protective layer, leading to low internal resistance and high-rate capability of the electrode. Moreover, the corrosion suppression of the current collector can enhance the cycling stability of the electrode. Finally, we fabricated the first prototype of cylindrical aqueous supercapacitor with the standardized size of 18650 for commercial-scale using the as-modified current collector which achieves capacitance of 18.9 F/cell at 50 mA and excellent cycling stability with almost 100% over 8,000 cycles at 250 mA. KEYWORDS: Aqueous supercapacitors, anti-corrosion, hydrophobic protective layer REFERENCES C. Zhong, Y. Deng, W. Hu, J. Qiao, L. Zhang and J. Zhang, Chem. Soc. Rev., 44, 7484 (2015). 2. P. Chomkhuntod, M. Sawangphruk and K. Kongsawatvoragul, ECS Transactions, 97, 3 (2020). Figure 1

Penetration resistance and mechanical properties of graphene oxide/epoxy resin—A molecular dynamics investigation

AbstractThe penetration of salt solution into graphene oxide/epoxy resin (GO/EP) will cause structural damage, decrease in mechanical properties, and reduce service life. In this study, molecular dynamics method was used to simulate the penetration of the 3.5% NaCl solution through the GO/EP. In order to understand the effect of GO surface functional groups on the barrier properties of the GO/EP, a pure graphene model and three kinds of GO models modified with oxygen‐containing functional groups (ether, hydroxyl, and carboxyl) were established, respectively. The penetration resistance of GO/EP was analyzed. The type of oxygen‐containing functional group affects the penetration rate of the salt solution and the GO/EP interface performance. The spatial distribution and kinetic behavior of the salt solution were studied. The results show that the salt solution molecules trapped in GO/EP were mainly concentrated at the interface between GO and EP, which is the main reason for the degradation of the GO/EP interface performance. Affected by GO, the penetration process of ions can be divided into multiple stages, and its motion state was different depending on the type of functional group.

Modification of polymer thin film-coated metallic layer inside acid solutions

Modification of polystyrene (PS) thin film-coated copper (Cu) layer is studied by varying the PS layer thickness inside different acidic environments. PS-coated Cu films are exposed to acetic and hydrochloric acid environments and are investigated using UV–visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, water contact angle and electrical measurements. Polymeric and metallic layer thicknesses are obtained from the X-ray reflectivity analysis. It is found that the metallic layer corrosion nearly follows an exponential decay with time and the decay time constant takes the higher values for the thicker PS films. The contact angle values, surface morphologies and in-plane current–voltage curves obtained from the films confirm that with increase in the acid concentration, corrosion of the metallic layer is much higher than the polymeric layer, as the in-plane current is reduced by a relatively higher value than the water contact angle. Penetration of the acid solution through intermolecular spacing or microscopic pores of the polymeric layer is the most probable reason for such corrosion of the metallic layer, but the removal of the polymeric layer is not favourable due to the hydrophobic effect.

Corrosion and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Thin TiALN and TiCN PVD Coatings for Protection of Ballast Water Screen Filters

Abstract The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and corrosion behaviour of physical vapour deposited (PVD) TiAlN and TiCN coatings of 50 µm mesh shaped AISI 316 stainless steel were estimated under simulated marine conditions (3.5 wt. % NaCl solution). The coatings were prepared by creating adhesive Cr-CrN interlayer with the thickness of about 0.3 µm. The obtained thicknesses of produced coatings were measured to be in a range between 2 and 3.5 µm. The presence of protective coatings leads to corrosion potential (Ecorr ) shifting to more positive values as compared to the bare stainless steel. This effect indicates higher protection efficiency of coated steel under marine conditions. The protective behaviour of produced coating leads to the decreased corrosion current density (jcorr ) by indicating up to 40-fold higher polarization resistance as compared to resistance of the naturally formed oxide layer over the stainless steel. The Nyquist and Bode plots were obtained with the help of EIS measurements by applying alternating potential amplitude of 10 mV on observed Ecorr . The obtained plots were fitted by appropriate equivalent circuits to calculate pore resistance, charge transfer resistance and capacitance. The present study reveals that pore resistance was the highest in the case of TiCN coating (Rpore =3.22 kΩ·cm2). The increase in duration of the immersion up to 24 h leads to change in the capacitive behaviour of the coatings caused by the penetration of the aqueous solution into pore system of TiCN coating with low wettability and surface passivation of reactive TiAlN coating. The presence of defects was confirmed by examining the obtained samples with the help of the scanning electron microscope.

Alcohol-Treated Porous PTFE Substrate for the Penetration of PTFE-Incompatible Hydrocarbon-Based Ionomer Solutions.

For a mechanically tough proton exchange membrane, a composite membrane incorporated with a porous polymer substrate is of great interest to suppress the ionomer swelling and to improve the dimensional stability and mechanical strength of the ionomers. For the composite membranes, good impregnation of substrate-incompatible ionomer solution into the substrate pores still remains one of the challenges to be solved. Here, we demonstrated a facile process (surface treatment with solvents compatible with both substrate and the ionomer solution) for the fabrication of the composite membranes using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a porous substrate and poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) as a hydrocarbon-based (HC) ionomer. Appropriate solvents for the surface treatment were sought through the contact angle measurement, and it was found that alcohol solvents effectively tuned the surface property of PTFE pores to facilitate the penetration of the SPAES/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution into ∼300 nm pores of the substrate. Using this simple alcohol treatment, the SPAES/NMP contact angle was reduced in half, and we could fabricate the mechanically tough PTFE/HC composite membranes, which were apparently translucent and microscopically almost void-free composite membranes.

Development of a New Device for Postoperative Self-Irrigation of the Maxillary and Frontal Sinus.

Nasal saline irrigation is the corner stone of postoperative care after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, intrasinus penetration of the saline solution can be challenging and may require difficult head position, particularly for the frontal sinus. Our aim was to evaluate a novel device for direct intrasinus self-irrigation, usable at home for both maxillary and frontal sinus. Thirty devices were implemented in 23 patients: in the maxillary sinus for 18 patients and in the frontal sinus for 5 patients. The device was removed after 7 days on average (5-10 days), and nasal saline irrigation was carried on with a squeeze bottle for 6 weeks. Retrospective evaluation of the device included: device-related complication, patient satisfaction, and ostial or middle turbinate synechiae at 3 months. No device-related complication (obstruction, displacement, infection, bleeding) occurred. Twenty-one (91.3%) patients were satisfied with the device. Two patients required the help of a nurse for irrigation. No ostial of middle turbinate synechiae was visualized at 3 months. This new endonasal device enables direct intrasinus self-irrigation after FESS for CRS. This preliminary study showed that this device is safe and easy to use. However, further investigations are required to assess its potential role to reduce the risk of synechiae and revision surgery.

The use of modified wood in the construction of wastewater treatment plants in coal mines of Kuzbass

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to show an improvement in resistance (permeability) and durability (residual strength) of modified wood compared to natural wood.Design/methodology/approachA relevance way to increase the durability and resistance of wood is processing with polymers. Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Sibstrin) and the Norilsk State Industrial Institute researched the resistance of elements of mine treatment plants made of wood modified with synthetic polymers. The study was carried out according to V.A. Kucherenko. Modification of such species as birch and pine can significantly increase wood resources by extending its service life and improving its physical and mechanical properties. Latex-organosilicon modifier was used as a modifier.FindingsLatex clogs the capillaries of wood, preventing the penetration of aggressive solutions into it, and potassium methyl silicate interacts with hydrophilic OH groups, increasing the water-repellent properties of the surface of cells and wood capillaries.Originality/valueThe results of long-term and predictive tests of modified wood in aggressive environments of treatment facilities are presented. As a result, diffusion of aggressive media into the wood becomes more difficult and its resistance and durability increase.

Geopolymer concrete durability subjected to aggressive environments – A review of influence factors and comparison with ordinary Portland cement

Although ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is the main raw material of concrete, its production pollutes the atmosphere and wastes a large amount of energy, which does not meet the demands of the green building industry development. Geopolymers have received considerable attention and expected to become a substitute for OPC. However, the geopolymer concrete has limited literature of durability subjected to aggressive environments, and which is the basis for the prediction of long-term performance and broader engineering applications. This paper reviews the recent researches on geopolymer concrete exposed to carbonation, acid corrosion, sulfate solution, heat temperature, and chloride penetration comparison with OPC concrete. In many cases, the durability of geopolymer concrete is better than OPC concrete, and calcium content has a great effect on the durability mechanism. The influence factors and interactions of durability of geopolymer concrete have been highlight. Finally, a few potential opportunities and noteworthy challenges have been suggested for future studies on durability during life-cycle periods.

Formulation of Liposomes Containing Royal Jelly and Their Quality Assessment.

Royal jelly, a gelatinuous consistency bee product produced and secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees, is beneficial in the treatment of dermatological conditions, likely through its content of the fatty acid 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA). However, 10-HAD poorly penetrates into skin. Thus, in this work, we produced royal jelly incorporated liposomes with the aim of increasing skin penetration of 10-HDA. Lipid nanocarriers were prepared by the thin lipid-film hydration method. Size and polydispersity index of the nanocarrier particles, and their stability over 30 days were measured. The effects of royal jelly and 10-HDA liposomal formulations on the viability of immortalized human keratinocyte cells were tested with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The skin penetration of 10-HDA from liposomal formulations and royal jelly solution was studied in vitro with Franz type vertical diffusion cells using porcine skin as limiting membrane. As result, small liposomes were achieved, and the efficacy of the obtained nanoformulations was examined by means of in vitro cell assays with a HaCaT immortalized human keratinocyte cell culture line. Finally, the skin penetration experiments showed that liposomal incorporation greatly increased 10-HDA penetration into skin layers.

Effect of Diethylene Glycol on the Inkjet Printability of Reactive Dye Solution for Cotton Fabrics.

Digital inkjet printing technology plays an increasingly important role in textile printing. The printing printability of reactive dye inks is the key to improving the quality of printed fabrics. In this study, an eco-friendly and simple method to improve the inkjet printability of reactive dye solutions was proposed. The influence of diethylene glycol on the surface tension, rheology, and dye molecule aggregation properties for three reactive dye solutions was investigated. The jetting performance of dye solutions was explored by observing droplet formation. Moreover, the color performance of printed cotton fabrics, including reactive dye solution penetration, colorimetric values, and color strength, was evaluated. Addition of diethylene glycol could change the aggregation of dye molecules by hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds. Diethylene glycol could inhibit formation of satellite droplets by changing the viscosity and surface tension of solutions, which made the pattern printed on cotton fabrics show regular edge sharpness. Furthermore, the dye solutions containing 10% DEG not only satisfied various properties of reactive dye inks but also had the highest color strength and the deepest and brightest colors.

TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers as versatile additives for highly stable silicon anode in lithium-ion batteries

Silicon (Si) has been considered the most promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and natural abundance. However, the Si anode suffers from massive volume change, which results in challenging cycling performance. Many researches demonstrated that polymeric binder plays an important role to sustain the structural integrity of Si anodes. While most studies about the binder material have been focused on enhancing distinctive properties such as adhesive strength and mechanical property, it has been recently shown that binder distribution can help to improve electrochemical performance. Herein, we introduce TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCNF) as a versatile additive for the binder of silicon anode. The one-dimensional morphology of TOCNF efficiently reinforces the mechanical properties of the electrode. The TOCNF additive also contains carboxylic groups with sufficient flexibility to induce intimate interaction with Si via hydrogen bonding. Based on all of these beneficial features of TOCNF, the addition of ~ 1 wt% of TOCNF of the whole weight of silicon anode slurry significantly improved cycling stability. With pre-mixing, the resulting Si-TOCNF allows efficient water-based binder solution penetration, thus improving uniform binder distribution of electrode. Furthermore, the well-distributed binder protects silicon surface and forms a stable SEI layer. The current study suggests that the TOCNF additive facilitates uniform binder distribution in the electrode with enhanced mechanical properties, leading to improved cycling performance.

In-Situ Phosphating Co@Nitrogen-Doping Graphene Boosts Overall Water Splitting Under Alkaline Condition

Design and synthesis highly-efficiency and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for hydrogen/oxygen evolution reaction (HER/OER) is still critical and challenged. Herein, we develop an in-situ phosphating Co@nitrogen-doping graphene to obtain N and P co-doped carbon-coated cobalt phosphide (CoP@N,P-C) for overall water splitting. The presence of unique 3D porous sponge structure in CoP@N,P-C offers abundant catalytic active sites and accelerated penetration of electrolyte solution that facilitates the transfer of ions. Subsequently, the synergy between the CoP cores and N, P-C shells improves the total hydrolysis performance of electrocatalyst in HER and OER processes. At the current densities of 10 mA/cm2 in 1 M KOH, the HER overpotential of the CoP@N,P-C is 113 mV, and its OER overpotential is 320 mV. Moreover, the cell voltage of the CoP@N,P-C as bifunctional electrode for overall water splitting was 1.67 V (at 10 mA/cm2), which is close to that of the full noble-metal electrode (RuO2|| Pt/C, 1.58 V). Overall, CoP@N, P-C bifunctional catalyst shows great potential for replacing noble-metal electrodes in water splitting application.

Капиллярный подсос стенового керамического материала в зависимости от поровой структуры кирпича

The article presents the results of the study by the method of mercury porosimetry of pore structure of ceramic samples formed in the factory, obtained by plastic molding and semi-dry pressing, as well as samples of bricks selected from structures built in the XIX century. It is shown that materials with a larger volume of open large pores have increased frost resistance. There has been established dependence of the capillary suction of ceramic materials on the size of the pores, taking into account the penetration of salt solutions (nitrates, sulfates, chlorides and carbonates) into the brickwork. There has been studied the efficiency and expediency of the introduction of microsilica (terra silicea) into the clay mass from the point of view of the possible effect on the pore structure and strength of the ceramic material. The results of the research will certainly contribute to the development of effective methods related to the preventing the formation of salt deposits (salt efflorescence) violating the aesthetics of the brick building facades, and will allow developing the methods for the restoration of brick structures destroyed as a result of erosion, salt corrosion and biodegradation.

Morphological condition of the pulp of intact and affected by caries third molars

To date, there is a theory that increased resistance to caries is observed in the teeth, which for any reason underwent destructive changes in the pulp. That is why there is a need to study the impact of pulp vitality on the development of the carious process. The aim of the research was to study the microscopic structure of epoxy sections of intact and carious third molars. We studied 4 intact and 6 carious third molars. For this purpose, specimens were made taking into account the free penetration of the fixative solution into the pulp. To this end, immediately after the tooth was removed, we cut off its roots almost near the crown, preserving the integrity of the latter. The method relied on the impregnation of specimens with epoxy resin, according to the method of epoxy plastination of tooth specimens, developed at the Department of Human Anatomy of Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy. The epoxy blocks were cut with a disk into two halves until the hard tissues of the tooth crown were exposed together with the pulp. We found that the hard tissues (dentin and enamel coating) of intact third molars did not have any structural defects. However, their pulp chamber contained mainly an amorphous substance, devoid of any typical pulp tissue structures. That is, the pulp was in a state of complete devolution. Quite the opposite presentation was observed in specimens of carious teeth. We found that their pulp chamber contained quite noticeable tissue structures typical of the dental pulp. It is interesting that in the subodontoblastic layer, in front of the carious alteration of the enamel, there was compaction of the pulp, which may be due to infiltration of perivascular connective tissue by immunocompetent cells. It was found that on the border with carious destruction of enamel, there was a compacted spot of altered dentin, whose matrix was intensely pigmented in brown colour, due to the accumulation of melanin on the dentino-enamel junction. Its excessive formation is associated with the destruction of protein-carbohydrate complexes of organic matter in the deep layers of dentin. We found that the pulp compaction and the focus of carious alteration of the enamel are projectively connected by a radial cord of altered dentin, known in the literature as “dead tracts”. Hence, there is reason to believe that the identified changes indicate a latent form of caries, with a pulpogenic mechanism of development. Thus, it can be argued that the teeth, which for any reason underwent degenerative changes in the pulp, are not prone to carious lesions, whereas in carious teeth, the pulp is active and involved in the pathogenesis of the carious process.

Penetration of fission product ions into complex solids and the effect of ionic wash methods.

During washing of radiologically impacted building surfaces, penetration of radionuclide ions into complex solids associated with these surfaces may occur. This study investigates the penetration of 137Cs, 85Sr, and 152Eu solutions into numerous common building materials and radionuclide behavior when these materials were exposed to a static bath or low-pressure flow of tap water, 0.1 M potassium chloride (KCl), and 0.5 M KCl. The decontamination efficacy and the depth profile for residual contamination were measured to determine the conditions under which applying a wash solution has benefit compared to physically removing the surface material. On asphalt, 70-80% of the radionuclides were found to be within 0.02 mm of the surface. Concrete is more porous than asphalt, and 80% of the radionuclides were within 0.2 mm of the surface for 137Cs and 152Eu and 50-80% for 85Sr. Water effectively removed all contaminants from hard nonporous surfaces. Finally, this paper illustrates that a wash penalty factor concept-defined as ratio of the depth at which 50% of the radioactivity is found in the washed sample divided by the depth at which 50% of radioactivity is found in the control-can serve as a way to quantify whether the wash method increases the depth at which contamination penetrates into the material and thus the material becomes more difficult to decontaminate.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR THERMOACID PULSING

The method of thermoacid pulsing was originally intended for highly drained wells. But, as practice has shown, it can be successfully applied in the treatment of wells of other categories, and depending on the diameter of the production string and the diameter of the reactor (shell), the acid consumption can be changed. Typically a 114 mm reactor is used, but for a 114 or 127 mm production casing, a 48 or 88 mm diameter reactor can be used, respectively elongated to maintain the required capacity to accommodate the required amount of magnesium turnings. The effectiveness of acid treatment operations by pulsing is greater than the efficiency of thermo-acid treatments according to the results of calculations of both the increase in oil production and the duration of well operation at increased production. Good results were obtained by the introduction of the acid impulse method, which involves the use of a special tip, in which the nozzle channel is completely closed with a magnesium rod. The tip is lowered into the well on the tubing until the perforated branch pipe is installed against the production object (in this case, it is not necessary for the branch pipe to abut against the bottomhole). Then an acidic solution is poured into the tubing string, which is retained in it due to the overlap of the nozzle channel with a magnesium rod. As a result of the reaction, the magnesium rod dissolves in an acid solution, after which the latter rushes through the released channel of the nozzle and the perforated nozzle into the filter, creating a so-called acid pulse, i.e. an increase in the injection rate is achieved under the influence of hydrostatic pressure. The pressure created at the bottom of a heavily drained well contributes to a significantly greater penetration of the active acid solution into the formation compared to conventional acid treatment. The design of this device has the following advantages: 1) the fitting opens without using a lifting tractor; 2) the acid treatment process can be carried out in wells with a sump (pocket below the filter zone) of considerable length; 3) in the presence of a sand plug or the construction of objects at the bottom, there is no danger of pipe sticking. It is noted that the comparison of two groups of numbers can be valid if the difference in their means is not significant. The indicated groups of numbers were processed, as a result of which it was established that the population represented by them is different. As it can be seen, the efficiency of acid treatments by pulsing is greater than the efficiency of thermoacid treatments according to the results of calculations of both the increase in oil production and the duration of the wells at increased production.