Pedigree Selection Research Articles

Heritabilitas Galur Padi Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L) Hasil Seleksi Pedigree F1

This study aims to determine Heritability value of F1line of black rice characters result from pedigree selection. This research conducted by field experiment carried out at the research station of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. Nyur Lembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, NTB Province from February to June 2018. This research empioyed Randomized Complete Blok Desing (RCBD) by 40 genotipes as treatments with replications, so there are 80 of experimental units. Observed data analized by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result of research showed that high of heritability value gained from flowering age plant height, panicle length, number of grains filled, and weight of 100 grains. Low heritability criteria are shown by number of productive tillers, number of empty grains, weight of grains per clumpsand yield (ton.ha-1)

Diversity and inheritance in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on protein and yield components characters

Abstract. Purnamasari I, Sobir, Syukur M. 2019. Diversity and inheritance in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on protein and yield components characters. Biodiversitas 20: 1294-1298. Diallel was a method that can be used to see inheritance and diversity character of plants. The objective of this study has evaluated the inheritance and diversity of the yield component characters and seed protein content. This study used genetic material from five homozygous cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) genotypes (KM1, KM2, KM4, KM5, and TG2) and 20 F1. Genotypes were planted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The character observed were the yield components (weight of 100 seed, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per bunch, number of pods per plant and yield) and seeds protein content. Characters that were influenced by general combining ability (GCA) consist of weight of 100 seeds, number of pods per bunch, number of seeds per pod and seed protein content. The variance of GCA has a greater value than the variance of specific combining ability (SCA). Narrow sense and broad sense heritability values were high category consist of weight 100 seed, number seeds per pod, number pods per bunch and seed protein content. That characters were inherited additively. Characters were influenced by additive gene action and have high diversity make it possible to select in F2 generation using the pedigree selection method.

Registration of USDA‐Max × Soja Core Set‐1: Recovering 99% of Wild Soybean Genome from PI 366122 in 17 Agronomic Interspecific Germplasm Lines

USDA‐Max × Soja Core Set‐1 (USDA‐MxS‐CS1‐1 to USDA‐MxS‐CS1‐17 [Reg. No. GP‐417 to GP‐433, PI 689053 to PI 689069]) is a group of 17 interspecific breeding lines developed from the hybridization of lodging‐resistant soybean cultivar N7103 [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] with wild soybean plant introduction PI 366122 [G. soja Siebold & Zucc.]. These materials were released by the USDA‐ARS and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service (March 2017) to expand the North American soybean breeding pool. The full‐sib breeding lines are 50% wild soybean by pedigree and developed through bulk breeding and pedigree selection. Marker analysis of 2455 well‐distributed polymorphic single‐nucleotide polymorphism loci revealed that individual breeding lines ranged from 21 to 40% alleles derived from wild soybean. Collectively, most of the wild soybean genome was transferred to the core set in that 5, 10, and 17 breeding lines captured 83, 98, and 99% of G. soja–derived polymorphic alleles. Physical linkage maps suggested that extensive recombination occurred between the G. max and G. soja genomes. The 17 breeding lines are well adapted to the southeastern United States, exhibited seed yield ranging from 75 to 97% of the domesticated parent, and are group VI or VII maturity. Some breeding lines displayed increased seed protein, oil, or methionine content, and all exhibited increased seed size as compared to the domesticated parent. The novel genetic diversity, positive agronomic performance, and improved seed composition of these lines suggest that they are valuable genetic resources for US soybean breeding.

Improving pedigree selection in applied breeding of barley populations

The objectives of this study were (a) to compare the effectiveness of the two methods of pedigree selection in barley: the ear-to-row classical pedigree method and the honeycomb method and (b) the evaluation of the selection criteria of the honeycomb methodology. Five F12 lines developed by classical pedigree method were used as checks in order to compare seven lines developed by honeycomb methodology. Five honeycomb pedigree lines were selected by PYI basic selection criterion of honeycomb methodology and two more (rejected by PYI) were selected by YC, a new criterion proposed for improving selection of high yielding plants in honeycomb design. Also, the original local population from which all these lines were derived and two commercial barley cultivars were used as the basic checks. All genotypes selected by classical and honeycomb pedigree method out yielded the original local population. Many of them reached or out yielded the commercial cultivars used as checks and thus both classical and honeycomb pedigree methods were able to promote some homozygous genotypes in order to be used as new cultivars. Yield performance of progeny lines selected by classical pedigree method was better than honeycomb’s. Only when YC was used as selection criterion honeycomb pedigree lines showed high yielding performance. Comparing PYI and YC selection criteria, it seems that the second is better for promoting high yielding and stable lines for next generations to be used as future new cultivars. Grain yield and bulk density are safer traits than 1000-kernel weight, for efficient selection that ensures high and stable yields.

Molecular characterisation of maize introgressed inbred lines bred in different environments

Establishing detailed information on genetic diversity and relationships among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines in a breeding programme help ensure effective utilization of germplasm. Introgression of temperate maize germplasm into 12 tropical elite maize inbred lines using a common donor inbred line and different selection environments might disrupt the heterotic grouping system. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine the effect of introgression on the clustering pattern of the newly introgressed inbred lines and to identify unique genotypes for breeding. A total of 76 introgressed inbred lines derived through pedigree crosses of introgression of 12 elite tropical inbred lines from three major heterotic groups N3, SC and P with a common donor temperate maize inbred line (08CED6_7_B) were used in the study. In addition to the derived 76 introgressed inbred lines, 26 temperate parental inbred lines and 21 elite tropical parental inbred lines with known heterotic group classification were also included in the study as references samples for heterotic groupings to give a total of 123 inbred lines for the study. Introgressed inbred lines derived from four generations of pedigree selection in three distinct environments in Zimbabwe and South Africa were characterised using 20 SSR markers. The 20 SSR markers proved very effective in discriminating the introgressed inbred lines according to genetic distance and clustering. A total of 83 alleles were detected with an average of 4.15 alleles per locus, and had an allelic diversity of 0.53 and PIC of 0.47. Introgression of temperate maize germplasm into tropical elite inbred lines did not disrupt heterotic groupings, because introgressed inbred lines remained genetically inclined towards the original heterotic groups from which they were derived. However, there were some introgressed inbred lines (14%), which did not show any inclination to any of the heterotic groups. Marked genetic difference noted within and across heterotic groupings for the introgressed inbred lines provides germplasm variation that can be exploited for inbred line development and hybrid formation, respectively.

Prva srpska sorta ozimog graška za zrno, NS-Mraz

The first local cultivar of winter pea for grain, 'NS MRAZ', was developed by pedigree selection from the hybrid population created by crossing local populations and one French line of pea. The cultivar has a high seed yield potential, exceptional earliness and tolerance to low temperatures. Its average plant height is 75-85 cm; it is of the afila type of pea, tolerant to lodging and of uniform maturity. Its genetic potential for seed yield is more than 7,000 kg ha-1, and it achieved an average seed yield of 5,110 kg ha-1 in three-year trials, while seed yield in production conditions was above 5,500 kg ha-1. Thousand-grain weight is about 200 g, which was the goal achieved in reducing the amount of seed per unit area. Protein yield ranged from 1,100 to 1,200 kg ha-1.

Quantitative Analysis of Pathway Enrichment within Faba Bean Seeds RNA-Seq (<i>Vicia faba</i> L)

Faba bean (Vicia faba L) seeds are an important source of plant protein for humans and animals. A total of 15,697 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) with pathway annotation were discovered in RNA-Seq of the faba bean seeds. A total of 75 significant KEGG pathways abundance were discovered and 9 pathways were conserved within all genotypes. 41 significant pathways were found to be partially conserved within comparisons of 2 to 6 pairs of genotypes and 25 significant pathways were unique to single pairs of genotypes. There were 8 specific significant pathways discovered related to the faba bean seed Hydration Capacity trait and 9 specific significant pathways discovered related to the PSbMV seeds staining trait. The DEGs demonstrated the genetic distance between these varieties was confirmed by the breeding pedigree selection information and a PCA graph clearly illustrated the genetic distance within these genotypes.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Behavior for Quantitative Traits of some Wheat Varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) and their Half Diallel Crosses

A field experiment was carried out at the research station of the field crops department college of agricultureuniversity of Tikrit during (2011-2012 and 2013 winter seasons, included crossing according half diallel cross in the first season and evaluating parents and their crosses in the second season to study the genotypic and phenotypic behavior for the traits: days to anthesis, plant height (cm), no. spikes. plant-1, no. grains. spike-1, 1000 grains weight (g) and individual grain weight. Results showed highly significant differences for whole studied traits, many parents have high significant means and agood combiner in many traits especially ACS-W-J19-9148 parents in plant height and grains. spike-1 , ACS-W-J14-9143 parent in days to anthesis and 1000 grain weight and ACS-W-J15-9144 in no.grains.spike-1 and individual grain weight. Many crosses have better performance and affected positively to wards desired direction of significant hybrid vigor (ACS-WJ19- 9148 X sham 6) in no. grains. spike-1 and individual grain yield, (ACS-W-J15-9144) in 1000 grain weight and individual grain weight. Whole traits were controlled by dominance type of gene action and that adequate with the ratio of the degree of dominance which were more than one. Consequently heritability in narrow sense and expected genetic advance were low. The last two crosses can be useful through the application of pedigree selection on the late segregation generations to improve bread wheat cultivars

Salinas: nueva variedad de frijol pinto para áreas de temporal de Guanajuato

Salinas es una variedad de frijol tipo pinto, de hábito indeterminado-postrado tipo III, fotoperiodo de día corto, madurez temprana, resistente a roya, tizón de halo y antracnosis, grano de oscurecimiento lento y de alta capacidad de hidratación. Fue desarrollada por el Programa de Frijol del Campo Experimental Bajío (CEBAJ). Se derivó de la retro-cruza de Pinto Saltillo// (Pinto Saltillo/97-RS-101) y su evaluación se inició como línea F9 desarrollada por selección de pedigrí. En generaciones posteriores se evaluó con base en rendimiento y resistencia a enfermedades en diferentes lugares del Altiplano Semiárido y del Centro de México. En tres años de prueba (2010- 2012) en ambientes de temporal mostró potencial de rendimiento similar y fue superior en resistencia a enfermedades a Pinto Saltillo. Salinas porta marcadores moleculares de genes asociados con la resistencia a roya (Ur3-Ur7, Ur9 y GB), antracnosis (Co1, Co12, Co2, Co4, Co42 y Co6) y tizón de halo (SR13, ST8, SAE15 y SW13) y en campo muestra resistencia a las razas de estas enfermedades prevalecientes en Guanajuato. También es resistente al virus del mosaico común (BCMV) debido a la presencia del gen I. Salinas produce grano de tamaño mediano de tipo pinto moteado (33 ±3 g 100 semillas-1). El rendimiento promedio en temporal depende del ambiente y del manejo agronómico, en las localidades de Guanajuato va de 622 kg ha-1 en San Luis de la Paz, hasta 3 209 kg ha-1en Salvatierra con fertilización y fecha de siembra óptimas.

Pedigree Selection to Improve the Seed Yield in a Segregating Population of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

The present investigation was conducted at Arab El-Awammer Agricultural Research Station, Assiut, Egypt during 2012, 2013 and 2014 summer seasons. Two cycles of pedigree selection method were applied on a segregating population of sesame in the F3, F4 and F5 generations to improve seed yield. The soil of the experiment site is sandy calcareous. Highly significant differences among F3 families and a sufficient genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) were obtained for all studied traits. The coefficient of variability decreased from 49.88 % in the F3 population to 22.68 % in the F5 for seed yield/plant. Broad sense heritability estimates were high for most traits and reached 93.32 % for seed yield/plant after two cycles of selection. The observed gain in seed yield/plant was significant (P<0.01) and accounted for 80.27 % from the unselected bulk sample. All of the families in the F5 generation showed significant increase in seed yield/plant. It could be concluded that pedigree selection was an efficient method to improve seed yield productivity in the studied population. Selection for productivity could be practiced in the early segregating generations and two cycles of selection were enough to detect the families with high productive. Otherwise, single trait selection accompanied with adverse effects on other traits, and selection index could be recommended to improve seed yield and other traits.

Mode of Inheritance and Combining ability studies on Epicuticular wax Production in Resistance to Black pod disease in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Abstract Black pod caused by Phytophthora species is a devastating disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in production regions worldwide. Breeding for cacao genotypes resistant to black pod disease is crucial for sustainable cocoa production and profitability. Although breeding programmes in the past have made considerable efforts in improving resistance of cocoa genotypes with diverse genetic background, the disease continues to cause unacceptable yield losses in cacao production. To understand the mode of inheritance of epicuticular wax on the surface of cocoa pod known to play a major role in resistance to black pod disease, a 6 × 6 full diallel and a M x N (6 × 4) mating designs were used and data was analysed using Griffing’s method I model I approach and the North Carolina design –II approach, respectively. The results of the two mating designs were consistent and showed that epicuticular wax on leaf and pod surfaces of cacao were under the control of additive genetic effects. The non-additive effects were generally much smaller compared to the additive genetic effects. The significant association between GCA estimates of parents and their means indicates that parental values could be used as indicators of progeny performance. The best general combiners for epicuticular wax load on leaf and pod surfaces were Pa7/808, T60/887 and Pa 150. The larger additive components and heritability observed in this study, indicates that pedigree selection could be used to develop cacao cultivars with high amount of epicuticular wax on pod surface to enhance resistance to black pod disease.

Pedigree Selection to Improve the Seed Yield in Two Segregating Populations of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

The present investigation was conducted at El Mattana Agricultural Research Station, Luxor Governorate, Egypt during three successive seasons i.e., 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The objective of this study was to achieve two cycles of pedigree line selection for improving seed yield/plant using two segregating populations of faba bean in the F4 and F5 generations. Remarkable variations among families of the both base populations as well as the selected families in cycle 1 and cycle 2 of pedigree line selection were observed for all studied traits. In Pop. I, families no. F233, F141, F182, F187 and F086 were the best families in most studied traits and out yielded both parents and bulk’s mean after two cycles of pedigree selection. In Pop. II, families no. F203, F177, F111, F076 and F036 were the best families and surpassed both bulk sample and better parent. The selected families of Pop. II were higher for seed weight, seed index, biological yield, pods weight and pods number than the selected families of Pop. I. These families could be considered as promising material for seed yield production. Accordingly, the pedigree selection would be reasonably effective for selecting the superior genotypes for seed yield/plant.

Assessment of genetic diversity in advanced breeding lines derived from intraspecific crosses of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)

An intraspecific hybrid breeding program involving six crosses, Palam Sumool (PS) × Palam Priya, PS × Pb-89, PS × Azad P-1, PS × Palam Triloki and VRPMR10 × Sugar Giant, Green Pearl × DPP-9411 was initiated in 2006 onwards followed by pedigree selection, resulted in isolation of 45 genotypes with desirable attributes. These progenies along with five recommended varieties were evaluated during 2014-15 to assess degree of divergence. A considerable genetic diversity was observed among genotypes, dispersed in 18 diverse clusters. Of these, 17 were monogenotypic while cluster I had maximum genotypes. Internodal length contributed maximum towards total genetic divergence followed by nodes per plant, protein content and average pod weight. Superior performing genotypes viz., ‘DPP-2011-SP-7’, ‘DPP-2011-SP-17’, and ‘DPP-2011-SP-24’ from cluster I and ‘DPP-2011-SP-6’, ‘DPP-2011-SP-22’ ‘DPPMR-09-1’, ‘DPPMR-09-2’, ‘DPP-2011-SN-5’ and ‘Palam Triloki’ from monogenotypic clusters offer promise for their direct use as varieties and as potential parents in future breeding programmes.

Registration of ‘Georgia‐17SP’ Peanut

‘Georgia‐17SP’ (Reg. No. CV‐137, PI 687138) is a new high‐yielding, high‐oleic, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)‐resistant, large‐seeded, US spanish market‐type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar that was released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2017. It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA. Georgia‐17SP originated from a cross made between ‘Georgia‐02C’ × F4 (‘Georgia‐01R’ × ‘COAN’). Pedigree selection was practiced within the early segregating generations. Performance testing began in the F4:6 generation with the advanced pure‐line selection, GA 082549, the experimental designation of Georgia‐17SP. During 7 yr (2010–2016) averaged over two planting‐date tests in Georgia, Georgia‐17SP had significantly less total disease incidence and greater pod yield, total sound mature kernels grade, and dollar value return per hectare compared with the spanish‐type cultivars ‘Georgia Browne’, ‘Georgia‐04S’, ‘Tamspan 90’, ‘Tamnut OL06’, ‘Pronto’, ‘Spanco’, and ‘OLin’. Georgia‐17SP was also found to have similar percentage of fancy pods but a larger percentage of jumbo seed size as compared to these other spanish‐type check cultivars. Georgia‐17SP combines high yield, grade, and dollar value with TSWV resistance and the high‐oleic trait for longer shelf‐life and improved oil quality of peanut and peanut products.

Efficiency of selection index in improvement yield and yield components in segregating population of Egyptian cotton

The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Research Station, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Sohag, Egypt during the three summer seasons of 2014-2016. The basic materials consisted of F2- population stemmed from the cross between (Giza 90 X Giza 80). The population was subjected to pedigree selection for two cycles. The selection procedures were single trait selection for lint yield/plant, in addition to eight selection indices. The index selection proposed by Pesek and Baker (1970) was used with different combinations of characters. The main objective of this study was to determine efficiency of selection index procedure in isolate elite high yielding genotypes. Average observed genetic gain of the ten selected families after tow cycles of selection indicated that lint yield/ plant ranged from 9.08% (P≤0.01) for index 7 to 22.73% (P≤0.01) for index 2. Index 5 and index 8 ranked the first and showed significant genetic gain of (12.30 and 15.00%), (17.88 and 15.43%), (13.60and 13.97%), (5.38 and 7.20%) and (17.76 and 10.36%) for seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll weight, seed index and lint index; respectively. Index 2 ranked the second who gave significant genetic gain of 20.75, 22.73, 15.81, 7.53 and 15.43% for the same previous traits respectively. While, the single trait selection for lint yield/plant ranked the last and showed significant genetic gain of 11.08, 9.69, 16.18, 7.96 and 10.78% for seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll weight, seed index and lint index; respectively. These results indicated that selection index was better than single trait selection in isolated superior families in yield and yield components.

Registration of WA‐HT1, a Camelina Line with Resistance to Residual Levels of ALS Inhibitor Herbicides

Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) is highly sensitive to soil residual levels of many acetolactate synthesis (ALS) inhibitor herbicides. Other crops with resistance to these herbicides have been developed through mutation. Development of camelina with this resistance would allow greater flexibility for the crop in rotation with other crops. The SM4 (sulfonylurea mutant 4) line, previously derived by mutagenesis, showed increased resistance to both imidazolinone and sulfonylurea herbicides. The mutation was controlled by a single semidominant gene and was derived in the ‘Cheyenne’ background. Progeny plants with good vigor from the SM4 variant were crossed to the plants from cultivar Calena, which has consistently performed well in Camelina trials the US Pacific Northwest. Lines from this cross that had good seed yields and were homozygous for the gene controlling resistance were advanced by pedigree selection at Washington State University. Selection for seedling vigor, seed yield, and oil content resulted in the F6–derived line WA‐HT1 (GP‐37, PI 683517). The WA‐HT1 line is severely stunted if specified field rates of imazamox (Beyond) herbicide is directly applied but is tolerant to residual levels of the herbicide encountered from carryover of previous applications. Use of the WA‐HT1 line will reduce the risk associated with growing camelina in crop rotations that use group 2 herbicides.

Respon Seleksi Karakter Umur Pendek dan Potensi Hasil Tinggi pada Beberapa Genotipe Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Generasi F6

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon seleksi hasil persilangan tanaman F6 karakter umur pendek dan potensi hasil tinggi pada beberapa genotipe hasil persilangan dengan menggunakan seleksi pedigree dan mengetahui nilai kemajuan genetik dari genotipe hasil persilangan tanaman F6. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan Politeknik Negeri Jember pada bulan September 2016 hingga Januari 2017. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial dengan 11 genotipe tanaman yang terdiri dari empat tetua Dering, Rajabasa, Polije 2, Polije 3 dan tujuh genotipe hasil persilangan RD, P2D, P2R, P2P3, P3D, P3R, P3P2 serta varietas Malabar sebagai varietas pembanding. Parameter terdiri dari umur berbunga, umur panen, bobot 100 biji, hasil per tanaman, hasil per plot dan potensi hasil per Ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan 11 genotipe hasil seleksi tanaman kedelai memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata pada karakter umur berbunga dan karakter bobot 100 biji. Nilai kemajuan genetik karakter umur panen (2,229%) termasuk kategori rendah. Nilai kemajuan genetik karakter umur berbunga (7,231%), bobot 100 biji (8,993%), hasil per tanaman (7,772%), hasil per plot (7,772%) dan potensi hasil per Ha (7,772%) termasuk kategori sedang.

Registration of Oilseed Sunflower Restorer Germplasms RHA 476 and RHA 477, Adapted for Short Season Environments

Northward expansion and double crop use of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is limited by the lack of commercial hybrids with early maturity. We seek to provide the sunflower industry with new, early‐maturing restorer inbred germplasms with high yield potential and favorable agronomic and seed oil traits, specifically, resistance to downy mildew, tolerance to postemergent herbicides such as the imidazolinones, and increased oleic acid in the seed oil. RHA 476 (Reg. No. GP‐344, PI 682129) and RHA 477 (Reg. No. GP‐345, PI 682130) are restorer inbred germplasms developed by pedigree selection and testcross evaluation that can fill this need. RHA 476 possesses high yield potential and high oleic acid (≥850 g kg−1) in the seed oil. RHA 477 possesses high yield potential, downy mildew resistance conditioned by PlARG, and imidazolinone herbicide tolerance. These lines were released by the USDA‐ARS, Fargo, ND, in collaboration with Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada, Indian Head, SK, to fill the need for publicly available lines with early maturity in a high‐yielding genetic background.

Registration of ‘CRIS‐129’, an Early‐Maturing, Heat‐Tolerant, and High‐Yielding Cotton Cultivar

‘CRIS‐129’ (Reg. No. CV‐134, PI 682095) is an early‐maturing, high‐yielding, and heat‐tolerant upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar. CRIS‐129 was developed at the Central Cotton Research Institute Sakrand, Pakistan, through conventional breeding (pedigree selection) methods and was the result of a cross between ‘CIM‐70’ and ‘B‐909’. CRIS‐129 performed much better than the commercial cultivars in a series of experiments conducted on cotton research stations and growers’ fields. In a 2‐yr National Coordinated Varietal Trial conducted across Pakistan, CRIS‐129 exhibited a broad range of climatic adaptability. In July 2014, it was presented before the Technical Sub‐Committee for Approval of Crop Varieties and Techniques (Director General of Research, Sindh Tandojam) for discussion and recommendations and was approved by the Provincial Seed Council on November 2014 for general cultivation in Sindh Province.

Analysis of Iridoid Glycoside and GABA Content in the Roots of the Rehmannia glutinosa Cultivars

Background: Rehmannia glutinosa is a perennial herb belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. Its roots have been utilized as a traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to elucidate the basic information of the roots of the R. glutinosa cultivars and their utilization.Methods and Results: The roots of R. glutinosa cultivars were harvested in the end of March. The two iridoid glycosides, aucubin and catalpol, were analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), whereas γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The aucubin content was the highest in the Dakang cultivar, whereas no aucubin was detected in the five cultivars. All cultivars had more than 12 ㎎/g catalpol content, and the maximum catalpol content was found in Jihwang 1. The GABA content was the highest in Suwon 1, and it was 40 times more than that in the Yeongang cultivar.Conclusions: The highest aucubin, catapol and GABA contents were detected in the Dakang, Jihwang 1, and Suwon 1, cultivars respectively. This study provides the crucial information regarding the versatile utilization and pedigree selection of R. glutinosa cultivars.