Introducing resistance training to an initially untrained population induces rapid, early strength increases due to neural adaptations and are thereafter increased due to morphological adaptations within the musculotendinous unit. However, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a method of neuromodulation that has been speculated to elicit further neural adaptations in already trained individuals, though the efficacy of tDCS to do so remains unsubstantiated. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of tDCS on performance following a short-term resistance-training protocol. METHODS: Forty-three trained males and females (Age = 20.7 ± 1.4yrs) participated in this investigation and reported on 12 separate occasions for pre- and post-testing and lower-body resistance training. During the initial visit, participants performed submaximal lower-body strength (predicted-1RM) and power testing (countermovement jump height [CMJ], peak power [PP], and peak velocity [PV]), and were familiarized with isometric strength testing procedures (knee extensor maximal voluntary isometric contractions). Participants reported 48-72hrs later for isometric testing to evaluate knee extensor peak torque (PT) and peak rate of torque development (pRTD), and were randomly assigned to either a control (CON), stimulation (tDCS), or sham (S-tDCS) condition thereafter. Each condition engaged in an identical training protocol 2x/wk for four weeks. Individuals in the tDCS and S-tDCS condition received stimulation to the primary motor cortex for 21 minutes prior to training. Post-testing occurred within the 3-7 day period following the final training session. Six separate 2x3 (Time x Condition) repeated-measures ANOVAs were conducted to assess between-condition differences in pre- to post-training measures of strength and power. RESULTS: No significant Time x Condition interaction effects were observed within any of the dependent variables (DV). However, a main effect of Time was observed in measures of CMJ, PP, PV, PT, and predicted 1RM strength (p < 0.05). When collapsed across condition, significant improvements (p = 0.000 – 0.048) were observed in these DVs. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that tDCS did not elicit superior improvements in lower-body strength and power compared to CON and S-tDCS conditions.