Peaceful Life Research Articles

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РОЗВИТКУ ПОСТКОНФЛІКТНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

The theory of post-conflict development of territories as an actual topic for Ukraine is studied. The methodology of research of the theory of post-conflict development of territories, which consists of applying the idea of geocybernetics and probabilism, is proposed. It is established that the post-conflict development of territories refers to large-scale General geographical issues, which will be addressed by representatives of many Sciences. Therefore, the study presents various points of view, which made it possible to form the author’s vision of post-conflict tourism development as a geographical system. A theoretical model of post-conflict tourism development as a system has been developed. It is established on the example of countries of the world that the Genesis of conflicts has a different character, but in the post-conflict period, similar results should be taken into account when overcoming the post-conflict situation in the Eastern territories. It is proposed to introduce a “model of post-conflict green development” in the old industrial Eastern territories of Ukraine, which should contain: effective use of regional potential; increasing the share of high-tech industrial sectors; the increasing role of services sector: business, tourist, recreation, social; improving the business climate and business activity; alternative energy development; ecological modernization of production and introduction of energy-saving technologies in production; change the behavior of economic actors; extensive landscaping; restructuring works at abandoned coal mines and other industrial plants; remediation of numerous waste heaps. The creation of a forest Park zone in the zone of the current confrontation in the Donbass, the organization of recreation places there in the future will contribute to the establishment of peaceful life, the establishment of ecological balance in the region, and overcoming existing problems of socio-economic development. It is proposed to use the “tourist and recreational” development path in these territories, which can become the first, least capital-intensive step in the future renewal of the East of Ukraine.

Рецензия на сборник документов «Челябинская губерния, 1919—1923 гг.: абрис истории»

The collection of documents “Chelyabinsk province, 1919—1923: the outline of history”, authored by the chief archaeographer of the Joint State Archive of the Chelyabinsk Region M. A. Bazanov, is dedicated to the initial years of the existence of an independent territorial-administrative unit — the Chelyabinsk province within the borders 1919—1923 years. Documents and materials placed in the publication reveal the process of formation of the Soviet governing bodies, party, Komsomol and trade union bodies. The diverse activities of the provincial structures to establish a peaceful life in areas of the Southern Urals liberated from the forces of Admiral A. V. Kolchak are highlighted. A significant place is given to the implementation of social and economic policies in cities and rural areas, the formation of law enforcement agencies, cultural and educational bodies, and religious policy. The collection is preceded by a review article prepared by Doctor of Historical Sciences Professor I. V. Narsky, equipped with a map and subscript biographical index.

THE ROLE OF AHL AL-SUNNAH WA AL-JAMA’AH AS MANHAJ (PREDECESSOR) AND MAZHAB (SCHOOL OF THOUGHT) ON PROGRESSING OF WORLD’S CIVILIZATION

Recent advancements in major technology and spread democracy to different parts of the world indicate civilization is still progressing. Peoples think that the civilization is beginning to collapse due to the problems such as terrorism and environmental destruction are growing, especially in Islamic countries. To mitigate more potential conflicts and destruction, it is necessary a global consciousness to construct a moderate thinking paradigm. In this article, we present an insight of Islamic approaches based on the fundamental implementation of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah that is sourced from divinity, humanity, integration, and equality. Its implementation as manhaji in the global civilization is thought as an appropriate paradigm that will bring up harmonious peaceful life among the unified societies.

PHENOMENON OF YOUTH MILITARY GAME IN MILITARIS DOMESTIC CULTURE

Introduction. One of the main areas of educational activity is preparing young generation of our citizens to defend their country, as well as involving them in all types of public affairs during the period of peaceful life. The upbringing system in history of formation of archaic cultures included various types of physical and moral-ethical tests, it had a sacred character, thereby providing a colossal defense resource for their territories. In modern intercivilizational communication, the procedure of forming a "peaceful man" or "Homo humanitatis", whose ancestor was a military man ("Homo militaris") on the example of practical possibilities of the phenomenon of youth military game in the culture of the Ukrainian Cossacks, is undoubtedly a topical issue of domestic socio-philosophical analysis. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis.Studying of the peculiarities of the mentality in the field of military activity begin in the middle of the 20th century in the works by W. Wundt on the psychology of nations, L. Levy-Bruhl's works on the problems of the mentality of archaic society, as well as the works by C. Levi-Strauss, O. Losev, W. Propp, E. Taylor, A. Toynbee, J. Frazer, J. Huizinga, and in the works by S. Huntington we find the analysis of common civilizational values and ways to preserve cultural identity.The aim. The article investigates modern theoretical and methodological approaches to filling the phenomenon of competitive military game in the militaris national culture. The research methodology is based on a system-structural, hermeneutic and activity approach. In turn, the application of comparative analysis, analytical, dialectical, historical-logical and retrospective methods provide an analysis of the relationships and connections of the basic components of the socio-philosophical dimension of social reality.The statement of basic materials.The militaris culture is not only a way of thinking about specific levels of individual and collective consciousness, but it necessarily takes into account social experience, life-affirming complex of national traditions, originality of culturological possibilities of the game phenomenon, therefore, we can say that significant changes in the military sphere of life are due to national territorial affiliation participants in war Game and their personal attitude to humanitarian dimension of war. Gradually, the military sphere of culture becomes the basis for the historical process of formation of certain norms and rules of coexistence of the whole community, due to which the legal and regulatory function of culture is carried out. Newly created empires have always been ready to repel aggressive intentions, but even barbaric military groups quickly master technical advances and learn the art of war. This historical recurrence leads to changes in the social structure itself, when, as a result of the active development of military affairs, a disciplined military class is formed from which the administrative elite of state associations stands out. A gradual change in military conditions in life of society ensures further development of a state as a cultural entity, and the ethnic characteristics of various forms of military art and the sacred nature of weapon manufacture contributed to preservation of community integrity and transition from forms of military activity to processes of state creation. Conclusion. The article proves the position that military culture has always objectively been one of the main components of civilizational development, and the understanding of the cardinal contradiction of military conflicts today must be resolved exclusively in such socio-cultural contexts as science, education, art, etc. It was noted that in this case one can try to change the world tragedy of the destruction of the life of a particular person into a military virtual Game as a component of an intercivilizational dialogue.

АРТ-ТЕРАПІЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ УЧАСНИКІВ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ В УМОВАХ РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ЗБРОЙНОГО КОНФЛІКТУ

It is shown that participation in hostilities affects a person's psychological state. Being in a combat zone can dramatically change the personality and often - negatively. Mental injuries received during combat operations lead to a number of complex disorders in the physical and emotional spheres of man. This leads to various conflict situations in society. The destructive effects of war are manifested not only in physical losses, but also in social disorientation, loss of social contacts, the integrity of the "I" and theс personal identity of both servicemen and civilians. The consequences of combat mental trauma in various manifestations can be seen even after many years. Without proper psychological rehabilitation, it is difficult for such people to return to a peaceful life and to their social role in society. Therefore, art therapy can come to the rescue here, which in a set of rehabilitation measures can relieve a person of negative feelings, encourage him and help build new life patterns. It is indicated that art therapy was formed as a specific activity that includes art, psychology and psychotherapy. Usually art therapy is part of a set of rehabilitation measures; she has certain advantages in diagnosis. Important aspects of the art therapist's work are his professional contacts with colleagues – psychiatrists, nurses, social workers and others. Attempts to use art therapy techniques without close contact with healthcare professionals are often considered unethical and can be harmful to patients. It is proved that art therapy helps to reduce depressive symptoms and aggression, helps to correct behavior, improve communication skills and integration into society.

Serbian Society at the Beginning of the 20th Century. “Militarization of Everyday”

During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Eastern question and the search for ways to solve it occupied a central place in the politics of both Russia and European states. With his decision was closely linked the process of formation of the young Balkan countries. Serbia, whose formation of a new statehood typologically coincides with a change in the system of European international relations of the 19th and early 20th centuries, played an important role in the events of the Eastern question, while claiming to be the Yugoslav “Piemont”. However, it was the war by the beginning of the twentieth century. It became, both for Serbia and other countries of the region, not only a means of gaining state sovereignty, but also the main way to resolve its own interstate contradictions, which took place against the background of an external factor - the impact on the political processes of the Balkans of the Great Powers. These factors led to the natural militarization of the everyday life of Serbian society. The presence in the everyday consciousness of the people of the image of a hostile “other” became one of the main ways of internal consolidation of the country, when attitudes towards war, pushing the values of peaceful life to the background, created a special basic consensus in the state development of Serbia at the beginning of the 20th century, and the anthropological role of the military factor was essential influenced the underlying processes that took place in the country at the beginning of the twentieth century. In the conditions of a new stage of destruction of the Balkans along the ethno-political line, the factor of militarization of everyday life again becomes an important element of the historical policy of the Balkan countries and the construction of a “new past”. In this regard, the understanding of many problems and possible scenarios for the development of the current Balkan reality is linked to this phenomenon. Thus, the study of the impact on the political life of Serbia at the beginning of the twentieth century of special "extra-constitutional" institutions is important for a wide range of researchers, including for a systematic analysis of the crisis in the territory of the former SFRY.Author declares the absence of conflict of interests.

Psychological rehabilitation of participants of anti-terrorist operation: mechanism of supply

The article outlines the main aspects of provision of rehabilitation services for servicemen and participants in the antiterrorist operation. The concept of psychological rehabilitation in the context of a systematic approach is considered in details and its main features are formed. Special attention is paid to the study of previous work, to the mechanism of providing rehabilitation services to all servicemen. In the context of the current tasks, the legal base on this issue, the approved and priority initiatives was investigated. The most frequent distribution among the demobilized soldiers of antiterrorist operation is occupied by people with the main characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder. The percentage correlation with such features in 2015-2017 was investigated and the main aspects of the mechanism of ensuring the full maintenance of social support were formed.Military actions and the conduct of the antiterrorist operation led to increase in the number of psychological stress disorders among the military. In the course of work we managed to find out that since the beginning of the antiterrorist operation and to date, the system of psychological rehabilitation of the military is gradually improving, but the question remains its effective functioning and compliance with world standards.After returning to a peaceful life, soldiers should be involved in rehabilitation activities and receive comprehensive complex rehabilitation in accordance with individual programs.The question was also raised on the issue of soldiers with post-traumatic stress, who had undergone rehabilitation and rehabilitation and required long-term social support. The most effective in reducing the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder is the integration of the soldiers’ negative experience in order to use it for personal growth, self-development, self-realization.

A Case Study on Counseling Utilizing the Client's Unconscious Resources

본 연구는 상담에서 일반적으로 만나는 내담자가 일상생활 및 대인관계에서 겪 게 되는 다양한 문제들을 국내에서 잘 알려지지 않은 Milton H. Erickson 이론을 통하여 자신의 개별적이고 독특한 무의식 자원을 이끌어 내어 활용하도록 도움으로써, 문제를 해결하고 긍정적인 변화를 추구하여 스스로 조화로운 삶을 추구해 나갈 수 있도록 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 더불어 Milton H. Erickson 이론에 근거를 둔 상담이 효과적인지 살펴보고자 한 상담사례연구이다. 연구 결과 연구참여자들은 Erickson이론의 기법 중 활용한 Yes set, ARE모델, 심상훈련, 자기최면, 혼란기법, 후최면암시 등으로 스스로 자연스럽게 내면의 무의식자원을 찾을 수 있었으며, 대인관계에서 자신의 개별성을 인정함으로써 경험을 재조직, 재통합하는데 긍정적인 결과를 이끌어 낼 수 있었다고 말한다. 연구의 의의로는 상담현장에서 연구참여자 자신들의 무의식 자원을 자연스럽게 접하고 적용·유도·활용함에 거부감이 없었다는 점, 단어연상에서의(무의식, 무의식 자원) 어려움 등이 조금이나마 해소되었다는 점, 무의식 자원을 탐색하고 활용한 상담사례로 그 의미가 있다고 하겠다. 본 연구가 성인 연구 참여자 3명을 대상으로 진행된 것이기에 다소 한계점이 있으나 지속적인 후속연구로 전 연령층을 대상으로 개인상담, 집단상담에도 확대되기를 바란다.This study aimed to help clients who sought counseling for resolving the problems in their everyday life or interpersonal relationships. The Ericksonian approaches, which are not well-known in Korea, help the troubled client draw from and utilize his or her individual unconscious resources. Then, they can solve their problems and make positive changes so that they can live a peaceful life without further treatment. In addition, it is hoped that the case study will shed light on whether this type of counseling, based on the Milton H. Erickson’s theories, is effective. The findings indicate that the clients found inner unconscious resources through the Ericksonian theories Yes-set, ARE model, Image training, Self-hypnosis, Confusion technique, Hypnotic hypnosis as well as acknowledge and reorganize their experience, and create positive results in reintegration. The significance of this study is that, there was no resistance to the application, inducement, or utilization of resources of research participants at the counseling site, difficulty in word association (unconsciousness, unconscious resources) was solved, and counseling cases in which unconscious resources were explored were utilized. Although there are some limitations, as this study was only conducted with three adult participants, it is hoped that this study will be expanded to include personal counseling and group counseling for all age groups through continuous follow-up research.

Колумбия: мирный процесс и вызовы постконфликтного периода

The paper discusses the main trends in the social and political development of Colombia in the early 21st century. Due to a compromise between the struggling parties, on the one hand, and effective mediation by international community, on the other, the internal armed conflict ended with a peace treaty signed by both forces: government and left radical guerilla. During referendum, a majority of participants did not support peace agreement. In the context of a “right drift”, I. Duque, the supporter of a tougher policy towards former partisans, came to power. However, later, under pressure from international community and internal opposition, the President has taken a more cautious stance. Representatives of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) have occupied a number of seats in parliament; government does in general fulfill its financial obligations towards integrating the demobilized fighters into peaceful life, but it has failed to implement sound structural reforms. Former partisans are particularly concerned about growing attempts to revise conditions of transitional justice while the government is unable to offer them an adequate level of personal security. As a result, some dissident groups and their leaders have resumed hostilities, the guevarist (associated with the strategy of Ernesto „Che” Guevara) National Liberation Army (ELN) has also continued terrorist acts. Nevertheless, the renewal of a full-scale conflict is unlikely due to powerful security forces, small number and fragmentation of partisan units operating in some remote areas, their weak coordination and a rivalry between the FARC and the ELN. Despite relatively favorable economic situation, the President has attempted to unleash the unpopular measure of tax increase. Other challenges are student strikes demanding a reform of higher education, continuous drug trafficking, high level of violence and corruption, and the presence of more than a million of Venezuelan refugees on the Colombian land. According to the author’s conclusion, amid such extreme political polarization, unresolved social problems and high level of organized crime, definitive stabilization in Colombia is an extremely complicated matter. However, the country’s unconventional experience in overcoming acute armed confrontation may be useful to unblock protracted conflicts in other regions of the world. Acknowledgements. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR). Project no. 18-09-00021 History of Colombia, from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the XXI Century.

Finality of Judgments in Civil Cases and Related Considerations: The Experience of Ukraine and Lithuania

Finality of judgments is a concept that puts an end to the trial, prohibiting subsequent appeals, opening of new proceedings and disputing clearly established facts. Despite being promoted by the Council of Europe and its Court of Human Rights and familiar to most if not all states, its application still encounters misunderstanding in some Eastern European Countries. Deeply rooted ideas of substantive truth and public role of the judiciary, a rather idiosyncratic notion of fair trial and the rule of law all lead to underestimation of the role played by finality in a peaceful life of the society. This article addresses the experience of Ukraine (where a major judicial reform has just taken place) and Lithuania – two post-Soviet nations that both, still in their unique way, worked on implementing the principle of finality into their procedural order. The paper also explores an uneasy balance to be found between this notion and other relevant considerations (access to justice, rule of law, judicial economy and some other).

The end of War, the end of persecution? Post-World War II collective anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia

Contrary to the previous political regime of the Slovak state (1939–1945), official policy had significantly changed in the renewed Czechoslovakia after the end of World War II, but anti-Jewish sentiments and even their brachial demonstrations somewhat framed the everyday reality of Jewish survivors who were returning to their homes from liberated concentration camps or hiding places. Their attempts to reintegrate into the society where they had used to live regularly came across intolerance, hatred and social exclusion, further strengthened by classical anti-Semitic stereotypes and prejudices. Desired capitulation of Nazi Germany and its satellites resulted also in the end of systematic Jewish extermination, but it did not automatically lead to a peaceful everyday life. This paper focuses on the social dynamics between Slovak majority society and the decimated Jewish minority in the first post-World War II years and analyses some crucial factors, particular motivations and circumstances of the selected acts of collective anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia. Moreover, the typological diversity of the specific collective atrocities will be discussed.

СТРАТЕГІЧНІ НАПРЯМКИ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИЗМУ ЛУГАНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ В ПОСТКОНФЛІКТНИЙ ПЕРІОД

The actual need for social and geographical research of the region, including tourism, is determined. It is tourism that has an important social and geographical function of restoring peaceful life in the region, building a socially responsible society. Tourism should become a kind of mentor for social transformation, because when communicating with one another, people will never believe in the lies used in the information wars. The author presents a map of tourist resources of Lugansk region as of 2019, which will help solve the acute problem of lack of updated geographical and mapping information. The importance and practical importance of the development of strategic directions of tourism development in the region. This is due to the transformational changes that have taken place in the area in recent years, in particular the conflict and the restructuring of specialization. The author’s vision of priority directions of tourism development in the post-conflict period is offered. The main problems hindering the development of tourism in the region are identified. Among the main tasks it is specified: increase of competitiveness of the tourist sphere, increase of employment in the tourist sphere, increase of appeal and development of tourist potential of the Luhansk region. Recommendations on the need to preserve all tourist resources, especially cultural and historical ones, are given. The necessity of development of strategic directions of tourism development in the region is substantiated. The main strategic measures of tourism development in the field are proposed: the development of professional art; cultural events; the preservation of intangible cultural heritage, support and development of Amateur folk art; the development of a network of cultural and leisure institutions and institutions of professional art of the Luhansk region; the development and preservation of personnel potential of workers; support for additional education in the field; organizational measures include the organization and holding of the regional annual competition of professional skill “Star of tourism”; creation and development of the information portal “Tourism of Luhansk region”.

Space transformation of dwelling house of Reog community in Pendukuhan Gunungsari of Bejiharjo village of Gunungkidul district

Masyarakat Pedukuhan Gunungsari, Desa Bejiharjo Kecamatan Karangmojo, Kabupaten Gunungkidul memiliki komunitas kesenian yang disebut paguyuban Reog keprajuritan yang berbeda dengan jenis kesenian Reog Ponorogo yang telah ada. Komunitas kesenian kreatif ini mampu mempersatukan semua elemen masyarakat untuk dapat maju, mandiri, dan tentram. Komunitas Reog mampu membentuk kehidupan sosial yang baik, rukun dan guyub serta memberdayakan bidang ekonomi masyarakat. Komunitas yang terbentuk menciptakan ruang komunal baru dan fenomena ini menyebabkan transformasi spasial atau alih fungsi lahan di Padukuhan Gunungsari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perubahan fungsi ruang yang terjadi pada rumah tinggal penggiat komunitas Reog di Desa Bejiharjo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik mencari data dengan melakukan observasi langsung, survei mendalam, dokumentasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Metode analisis dengan mengkaji data yang didapat berupa kondisi rumah tinggal dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan komunitas Reog. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa komunitas reog mempunyai potensi yang kuat namun mereka belum mempunyai fasilitas yang mendukung kegiatannya.

The Great War 1914–1918 and Manipulation of Humans’ Consciousness in the Circumstances of the New World-System Birth: the Experience for XXI century. Consciousness in the Circumstances of the New World-System Birth: the Experience for XXI century

The Great War of 1914-1918 went down in history as the first armed clash of two warring coalitions of States on a global scale. The centenary of the end of the First World War of 1914-1918 became a significant information occasion for a new unbiased view in the context of a retrospective analysis of the problems of war and peace, war and politics, war and diplomacy, war and society, war and culture and the like. During the Great War at the beginning of the XX century the governments of countries – participants of the war used different ways for manipulation of human consciousness like fiction, poetry, postcards etc. The main aim of that was the achievement of people mobilization for war. The reaction of people of European states for the war was ambiguous, but a high percentage of population was in favor of the war. Even a famous French writer A. France (who was 70 years old) tried to become a volunteer to the war. So, what is possible to tell about younger men? But the reality of the First World War changed the vision of people toward it. They saw that the war is not a festival. It needs patience, first of all. New strategies, new armament demonstrated that the individual person had a small influence on result. The enemy was often invisible. All that affected the identification of soldiers and contributed the development of front-line brotherhood. Disappointment became the special feature of those who went through the war. They returned to the unstable world where it was difficult to find appropriate place for former soldiers. And again it was used by radical elements like A. Hitler in Germany. The author’s points out that it is necessary to understand the processes that took place at the beginning of the XX century to not repeat them at the beginning of the XXI century. Understanding the events of the world war 1914-1918, their impact on the human mind and psyche are a necessary component for understanding the processes that are currently taking place in our country. The state and government circles should take into account the experience of the past and develop an adequate strategy to overcome the destructive effects of war on the human consciousness, the integration of front-line soldiers into peaceful life and the protection of democratic ideals and freedoms.

RUSSIAN NATIONAL TYPE IN ALEXANDER TVARDOVSKY’S WORKS

Ethnicity-specific features of mentality, axiological hierarchy, and language cultures are all the focal objects of the humanities. The notions of a national type, a character, and a hero are integral components of the ethnic aspect found in the culture. The studies of Russian literature give access to a source of «Russianness». Russian writers traditionally consider persistent traits of national consciousness and behavior as well as changes caused by historical and social factors. The article analyzes Alexander Tvardovsky’s oeuvre in relation to creating the national types, the images of Russian people who display traditional behavior patterns, as well as reflection of the consciousness archetypes and the notions of the ethnic ideal. Tvardovsky was distinguished by his analytical mentality and the willingness to give a profound socio-cultural characterization of his contemporaries and events, which he witnessed. The pivotal events like the October Revolution of 1917 and the Second World War changed the country and wielded influence on human identity, primarily on his inner qualities and self-esteem. Tvardovsky’s works centered on Russians and their adaptation to new social conditions amid the hardships of wartime. The article highlights special traits of the image of Vasily Tyorkin, a Russian man from the grassroots fighting on the frontline. It was this image that showed typical national features embodied in their ideal representation. In addition, the article examines images of Russian people, whom Tvardovsky described in the short story «The Stove-Setters». In the linguistic view, the author’s notion of ethnic ideal is expressed in the organization of the conceptual sphere that revolves around the axiologically charged concept lexemes defining the values of human existence. While the military themes in «Vasily Tyorkin» envision the concepts like duty, patience, energy, merriness, the conditions of peaceful life bring up the concepts of mastership, talent, culture. Tvardovksy’s works take on special significance in the epoch of globalization and global cultural uniformity which put the Russians in a situation where they face the importance of adapting to the contemporary social conditions and simultaneously preserving their ethnic identity.

Moderasi Beragama bagi Minoritas Muslim Etnis Tionghoa di Kota Makassar

The results of this study indicate that religious moderation for the ethnic Chinese Muslim minority in Makassar City includes: (a) Chinese ethnic in Makassar, both those who have embraced Islam as their religious teachings, and the non-Muslim Chinese are long-lived communities in Makassar city. Its existence as a minority has become an inseparable part of religious life that lives in harmony and peace. (b) For the ethnic Chinese Muslim minority community in the city of Makassar, a good relationship has been established between the subject and object in every religious activity, both different, as well as the same ethnic, religious and cultural backgrounds. (c) The development of religious moderation involves all existing components and potentials, with cultural and religious considerations related to the implementers, material, methods, media and targets, as well as various elements involved in the process of enhancing the knowledge, understanding and implementation of peaceful religious teachings, polite and tolerant for the minority of ethnic Chinese Muslims in the city of Makassar, using the basic concepts of moderate religion (wasatiyah) both from the Koran, and in as-Sunnah.

Roles of Ego Social Networks for Community Development in Southern Ethiopia: The Case of Tullo Community

This article explores the roles of Ego social networks for community development in the Tullo community of southern Ethiopia. By employing qualitative research methods, data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and participatory mapping. The analysis revealed that social networks contribute to community development as communication channels and forums of information sharing. Networks also provide economic and social support to the members and beyond. Individuals known as Egos loom large in social networks and play a pivotal role in leading the functions of Ego networks for community development. The study draws important lessons about functions of the Ego networks to sustain the peaceful and meaningful life of the studied community.

The Future Relations between the Majority and Minority Religious Groups, Viewed from Indonesian Contemporary Perspective: A Case Study of the Coexistence of Muslims and the Towani Tolotang in Amparita, South Sulawesi

The topic of relations of several religious groups in the world from different perspectives has been a hot issue among researchers and stakeholders. This article addresses the future relations between the majority and minority religious groups, particularly a case study of Bugis Muslims and Bugis Hindus known as Towani Tolotang who live in a harmonious life in South Sulawesi seen from Indonesian contemporary perspective. The present article is based on our research conducted in 2017 and 2018. The results show that Muslim majority and Hindu minority have been living in a dynamic and harmonious life because they have shared similar Bugis cultural background and tradition. In addition, the honesty of Bugis Muslims towards Bugis Hindus has contributed to a conducive living atmosphere. In addition, the existence of equality for the socio-politico status and economic endeavour for the Muslim majority and Hindu minority has brought them into a good social life. So, both communities may enjoy a long period of peaceful and prosperous coexistence in Indonesian modern life.

Психологічні особливості опрацювання травматичного досвіду спільнотою воїнів, які набули бойовий досвід в АТО/ООС

У межах теоретичного підходу до вивчення особливостей колективного проживання травматичних подій (Штомпка, 2001) розглянуто психологічні стратегії опрацювання військовою спільнотою пережитого бойового досвіду. Ці стратегії інтерпретовано як частково не усвідомлювані, спрощені моделі поведінки, які можна проаналізувати за проявами когнітивного, конативного та поведінкового компонентів. Показано, що військовослужбовці, які були учасниками АТО/ООС, стикаються з труднощами відреагування травматичного досвіду, пристосування та адаптації до мирного життя. На основі результатів емпіричного дослідження виокремлено типові способи подолання травми військовослужбовцями, які мають бойовий досвід участі в АТО/ООС: контрольованість і доброзичливість зовнішнього світу; неконтрольованість зовнішнього світу; рефлексивне осмислення бойового досвіду; суб’єктивне переживання власного везіння; інтроспективна сконцентрованість; гостре переживання травми; сконцентрованість на власних емоціях; сконцентрованість на власних роздумах; застрягання в травматичному досвіді; позитивний образ себе і світу; відчуження від себе і світу. За ступенем адаптивного потенціалу виокремлені стратегії було поділено на дві групи – консервативно-рутинні і проактивно-трансформаційні. До консервативно-рутинних стратегій віднесено: гостре переживання травми, сконцентрованість на власних емоціях, сконцентрованість на власних роздумах, неконтрольованість зовнішнього світу, інтроспективну сконцентрованість, відчуження від себе і світу; до проактивно-трансформаційних – контрольованість та доброзичливість зовнішнього світу, позитивний образ себе та світу, рефлексивне осмислення бойового досвіду, суб’єктивне переживання власного везіння. Показано, що в процесі адаптації одні стратегії використовуються як тимчасові, перехідні до більш зрілих або, навпаки, більш регресивних, інфантильних реакцій, тоді як інші вже сформовані та закріплені в досвіді українських спільнот. Такий підхід дає змогу здійснювати диференційоване психологічне втручання, ефективно долати конкретні деструктивні стани, які провокують дезадаптивну поведінку військовослужбовців.

World Ecology in Martineau’s and Gaskell’s Colonial Pastorals

Abstract The pastoral tends to offer a retreat from modern life, but Harriet Martineau and Elizabeth Gaskell reverse this pattern. They both turn to the colonies to reconcile the pastoral mode with capitalism, and, in their pastoral depictions of colonial life, we witness that mode’s peculiar capacity to narrate what the environmental historian Jason W. Moore calls ‘the capitalist world ecology’ – the globally systemic way of putting nature to work in the service of capitalism. Set in natural environments marked by human influence, the pastoral is a mode that can register economic relations with their ecological dimensions. In Martineau’s Homes Abroad and Cinnamon and Pearls – tales in Illustrations of Political Economy – and Gaskell’s Mary Barton, the pastoral aestheticizes the role that natural environments play in the development of capitalism. Homes Abroad presents peaceful agrarian life in Van Diemen’s Land as a lucrative enterprise in accord with modernization. Turning to Ceylon, Cinnamon and Pearls imagines an organic capitalism in which the celebration of plant life goes hand in hand with emergent property borders. In Mary Barton, the final pastoral setting in Canada is home to peace and progress. The felled trees in that setting signal the appropriation of nature for profit in the timber trade. These works of fiction capture the accumulation of capital in rural and suburban areas, which was historically key to the emergence of capitalism. The pastoral’s ability to depict the capitalist world ecology reflects a preoccupation with historical forces that is already present in the mode’s roots in antiquity.