Peacebuilding Research Articles

China’s rise and peace building in Asia

ABSTRACT China needs a long-time peaceful and cooperative environment, and it has no intention to overthrow the existing basic international system. China supports a multiple world with different cultures, political systems and social structures based on the principle of mutual respect and peaceful coexistence. The relationship between China and the United States seems enter into a sensitive and dangerous time. We need new mind set and wisdom to handle such a complex and important relationship. China’s rise is a significant event in our world. The quick rise of China changes China itself and also changes the region and the world. Due to these changes, the relations between China and the outside world are undergoing significant restructuring. It is crucial to manage the changes smoothly so as to realize a peaceful age.

Integrating the concept of peacebuilding in sustainability impact assessment

This paper integrates peacebuilding components into sustainability impact assessment (SIA) for application in geographies vulnerable to, recovering from, or experiencing conflict. Based on the understanding that peace is a crucial pre-requisite for sustainable development and vice versa, it argues that integrating peacebuilding into SIA will enhance the development potential; particularly in conflict-affected countries. So far, SIA does not address this nexus of development and peace. Comprehensive SIA prior to implementation (i.e. ex-ante) facilitates reflections on outcomes (positive and negative), helping to design context-specific best-fit interventions. The objective of this study is to develop a set of peacebuilding indicators for future impact assessments. The study finds that existing SIA tools address many aspects, particularly economic and environmental impacts, but, although crucial to enhance societal relations and peace(building), these neglect societal aspects relating to social cohesion, agency, and transformation capacity. Thus, 17 indicators for assessing peacebuilding potential are proposed for integration in SIA in conflict-affected areas. The indicators are grouped into four components aligning with the key areas identified as missing in existing SIA frameworks but also crucial for positive peace: social cohesion, agency, negotiation capacities, and compensations.

Role of Asia-Pacific Regions in Partnering UN SDGs

The research paper identifies broad strategies for accelerating transformative change processes in the form of mission orientation and mobilizing the public and stakeholders, aligning systems, readying institutions and people for change, policy making for managing complexity which are considered to be the building blocks in the Asia Pacific region. The focus of the research study is on the growth, development, economics of peace, role and impact of SDGs on the economies and societies in general including justice, peace building, developing strong institutions and in transforming the region into an international hub to achieve the SDGs and the broader agenda of UN 2030 including the overall development of the Asia-Pacific region in the long run. The paper studies the aspects of the inter-linkages between Governments and other stakeholders to deliver the ‘decade of action towards SDG’, particularly in the aftermath of COVID-19. It is observed that COVID-19 pandemic has created many gaps in social protection systems and wider policies for delivering public goods with devastating effects on the poorest and utmost vulnerable in the Asia-Pacific region. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal Summit held in 2019 had identified six transformative areas to accelerate progress towards the SDGs. In fact, these transformative areas present development challenges that are interlinked, complex and integrate goals and targets across the SDG framework which are strengthening human well-being and capabilities, shifting towards sustainable and just economies, securing the global environmental commons. A proposed action plan with regional interventions in the Asia-Pacific region, alignment with the goals and outcomes of the UNFPA strategic plan 2018-2021 and the Roadmap of PIFS in accelerating the SDGs have been delineated in the study.

Ethical Problems of Conducting Research and Building Peace in Conflict Environment: Example of the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria

The study examines the incessant cases of ethical challenges in research and peacebuilding in the Nigeria’s conflict environment. Due to rampant corruption and lack of specific national ethical framework, and regulatory committee and resources that have affected societal values and culture of ethics and integrity, peace and conflict researchers and practitioners are prone to unethical conducts. Some are committed knowingly and unknowingly. This aspect of professional life has not been closely scrutinized, let alone proffers suggestions to. Perhaps, ethics frameworks and administrations are just beginning to be mainstreamed into development work in most part of the world. Therefore, drawing qualitative data from a wide range of personal, career and desk top sources from the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, which is the government’s apex agency saddled with the responsibility of investigating causes and dynamics of conflict, and advising decision makers on best policy alternatives, build peace and engage in advocacy, the study identifies numerous ethical problems that include copy and paste, manipulations of data, unhealthy competition/rivalry among researchers and peacebuilding practitioners working in the conflict field. The research uncovers approaches the institute adopted to ameliorate the problems and promote ethical standards among its research and peacebuilding teams that included trainings and constant reminders of the need to protect the integrity of individuals in the team and the Institute as well as the need to project a good image for the country. The inability to re-think ethical regime and legal norms in the country could fuel violent conflict and terrorism, and militate against the goals of conflict management in the country that is seriously desirous of peace and security.

Traditional justice mechanisms and reconciliation in Zimbabwe: assessing the benefits

ABSTRACT This article, using documentary evidence and interviews, discusses the benefits of deploying traditional forms of justice as one of the strategies to address the persistent challenge of political violence in Zimbabwe, especially before, during and after election periods. It argues that it is important to recognise the roles traditional leaders play, particularly in creating cultural social spaces, encouraging social harmony and promoting tolerance in communities. Experiences from states emerging from conflict have shown that justice is usually elusive for the victims. Victims are at most left to feel sorry for themselves. It is therefore important to harness the benefits of traditional justice systems in transforming relationships and bringing social change. While traditional justice predominantly favours lower-level offenders, this can prove invaluable in the short to long-term efforts aimed at building peace in affected communities.

Internal Displacement of Farmers and Food Losses in Benue State, Nigeria

Background : Internal displacement has become the norm in far too many countries, often in places with some of the lowest development indicators and the highest levels of violence. In many places it is fueled and perpetuated by unresolved inter-ethnic, religious or political tensions. Displacement affects food security, also provides fertile ground for human rights abuses including torture, rape, killings, as well as forced evictions, forced migration and loss of heritage. In Nigeria, the clashes, instead of abating have been on the increase exponentially to the dismay of rural farmers. However, in spite of the spate of violent clashes between nomadic herdsmen and farmers in Nigeria, and other causative factors of internal displacement of rural farmers, adequate social research attention has not been given to the implications and its effects on household food production and food security generally. The study therefore investigated the quantity of food losses from 2016 to 2020 as a result of internal displacement of farmers in Benue State. Materials and Methods: This study employed social survey design. A combination of Cluster sampling, random sampling and purposive sampling was used in selecting 429 respondents for the study. Data was collected with the use of a well semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed quantitatively. Results : The result shows that most of the internally displaced farmers 142 (39.4%) were within the age bracket of 56 – 65 years with 225(62.5%) of the female and that a simple majority of the respondents 139(38.6%) had only primary education. majority of the IDPs 112(31.1) are farmers with farming experience of 16 – 20 years. 131(36.4%) and 99(27.5%) of the respondents had farm sizes ranging from 1-2 hectres and 3-4 hectres of land respectively with majority of them having been displaced for over 12months. The results on quantity of food lost indicated a level of decrease in quantity of crop production from 2016-2020 which is evidence that violence and internal displacement have negatively influenced agricultural productivity and investment. Conclusion: The study recommended a process of peace building which is multi-faceted, involving re-establishing security and law and order; reconstruction and economic rehabilitation; reconciliation and social rehabilitation; and political transition to creating a more accountable governance structures and institutions Key Words : Internal Displacement; Food Losses; Cassava; Yam DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/12-10-07 Publication date: May 31 st 2022

Explore Youth involvement in Peace building

The purpose of this study was to explore youth involvement in Peace building in selected Kebeles of Mandi town in Oromia regional State of Ethiopia and Prospects of Youth involvement in Peace building. Simple descriptive design were used inorder to selected Kebeles of Mandi town in Oromia regional State and data were collected through the questionnaire, interview and FGD.

Effect of Rural Banditary on IFAD-CASP Participating Crop Producer

he research study analyzed the effect of rural banditry on IFAD-CASP participating crop farmers in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Interview schedule was used to collect data from 360 respondents that were selected for the study. A multi stage and simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. Descriptive statistical tools (mean, percentages, frequency distribution) and inferential statistics (logic regression analysis, paired sample T-test and Spearman`s correlation coefficient) were used for data analysis. The results of the study reveals that majority of the respondents were married with an average household size of 8 persons and income level of less than N 20,000/month. Most of the respondents (50%) indicate that the conflict is very severe resulting to great economic, physical and social effects on the respondents. The results of ranking of effect of rural banditry on IFAD-CASP in the study area, indicates poor participation, increased rural poverty, poor supervision of programme, poor economic growth and poor information dissemination were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th respectively. It could be concluded that rural banditry poses poor economic growth, increased rural poverty, poor participation, and poor programme implementation and induces fear and uncertainty. The study therefore, recommend that urgent provision of adequate security personnel to Mann the porous borders, prompt enrollment of the vulnerable into government social investment programmes, organize training/seminars for peace building purpose and also government should register all mining site and their activities properly monitored.

To Study the Conflict between three Generations of Men and Women

Background: Relevant literature had found that older people are consistently more opposed than younger people to change and to nonconformity, unless their own economic well-being is involved. However, differences in values between generations, looked at globally, and may be considerably greater than when differences between parent and child in the same family are examined. Student share many values with their parents, but differ considerably from the moral values of their parents’ generation. Thus, a generation gap or at least a substantial generational difference can exist without assuming discontinuity of values between parents and their children. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to measure perception about the causes and probable solutions to generation gap. Methods: The sample consisted of 15 girls, aged 10 to 20 years, their mothers, and their maternal grandmothers (nani). 15 boys aged 10 to 20 years, their fathers and paternal grandfathers (dada).Questionnaire on Generation Gap was used to measure the generation gap among the sample.Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that 47% of women sample (girls, mothers, and grandmothers) and 42% of male sample (boys, fathers, grandfathers) showed the generational conflict. Thus the problem of generation gap exists and can be solved in a wide variety of ways. Occupational therapists role is to resolve conflicts, improve relationships and Building peace in relationships.

The Catholic Church and Prophetic Mission: Transitioning Church-State Relations in Africa

The Zimbabwean Catholic Bishops’ Conference issued a pastoral letter on 14 August 2020. Its title, “The March is not Ended”, echoed the words of the late American civil right activist and politician John Robert Lewis. In the introduction, the bishops reminded their fellow citizens that “Peace building and nation-building are never completed tasks. Every generation has to establish national cohesion and peace”. In using the biblical text from Micah 7:1–6 where the prophet denounced corruption and oppression in his own days, the bishops took a swipe at Zimbabwean political leaders. African politicians never take responsibility for their misrule of the continent, which has kept Africa largely underdeveloped. The perplexity of the situation in Zimbabwe is reflective of similar situations in other parts of sub-Saharan Africa where leaders look the other way and shift blames. This research undertakes to explore how the Catholic Church in Africa has fared in its prophetic mission in relation to the political-cum-socioeconomic questions on the continent. It will acknowledge instances where the Church, through certain prelates, has proven itself to be a moral conscience. It will also indicate how the efforts of African bishops closely align with those of Pope Francis in relation to the prophetic mission of the Church as a defender of truth, human rights and social justice. Contribution: Africans, like most people in the world, have a very simple vision of the good life: to live in reasonable material comfort and in peace. This research is essentially anchored within Catholic social teaching. It underscores how the Catholic Church in Africa has defended and continues to uphold the rights of the people to actualize their aspiration of a simple good life in a hostile and self-serving African political and socioeconomic context. It notes that the Church cannot take the place of political leaders because its role is basically the promotion of the common good, which includes public order and peace, development, equality, justice and solidarity.

The impact of political and legal factors on promoting peaceful coexistence and building peace: Iraq as a model after defeat ISIS in 2017


 
 
 
 Societies that are characterized by ethnic، ethnic and religious pluralism، such as Iraq، are considered the societies most in need to achieve the principles of peaceful coexistence and peace building after the defeat of the so-called terrorist organization ISIS in 2017، because of the advantages and positives that it achieves which have a good effect on the the whole society، and to achieve the peaceful coexistence and peace-building in Iraq it needs among what it needs، to realize the effects of a number of factors affecting the promotion of peaceful coexistence and peace-building، foremost of which are the political and legal factors، including، for example، strengthening good governance in state institutions، rejecting sectarian quotas، combating terrorism and building trust among the components of the Iraqi people، and the success of the national reconciliation project، and spreading a culture that is void of discrimination and shows respect for the law and solving some constitutional problems related to the issue of federalism ، so this study's objective lies in investigating and verifying the hypothesis that says that there is a close relationship between peaceful coexistence and peace-building and many political and legal factors in Iraqi society، so this study will attempt to answer a number of questions include: What is the impact of political factors on peaceful coexistence and peace-building in Iraq? How have the legal factors affected peaceful coexistence and peace-building in Iraq? Is it possible to reduce these political and legal factors and provide possible solutions that contribute to promoting peaceful coexistence and peace-building in Iraq? This research used several approaches in order to address and become familiar with all aspects related to the subject، such as the historical and comparative methods altogether، in addition to the analytical method. The research concluded that strengthening political and legal factors in Iraqi society may positively affect peaceful coexistence and peace-building، which may contribute in the future to strengthening national cohesion and stability of Iraqi society. The research also recommended adopting the good governance concept within the institutions of the Iraqi state via the management of public affairs in a specific manner characterized by rationality، equality، rule of law، integrity، transparency، and response to citizens' demands as well as the promotion of national reconciliation، and the need for a dialogue among all sects and nationalities based on common interests، and adopting the rule of law in resolving internal disputes، which is considered as the most significant gauge of civil peace stability in the country.
 
 
 

DESIGNING FLEXIBLE OPEN SPACES WITH ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS FOR A RESILIENT BEIRUT - CASE STUDY OF RMEIL MEDAWAR DISTRICT

A news supplement produced by UNDP “Peace Building in Lebanon”, distributed along with An-Nahar newspaper had published in its December 2020 issue an article entitled “Urban Vacant Parcels as Opportunities to Reclaim Public Spaces in Times of Crises and Austerity” highlighting on the following: While Lebanon experiences a multiple crises and people are struggling more every day, solidarities are urgently needed and spaces where people can meet and connect would play a key role in this matter. Adding that Beirut, the capital, is considered a dense and rapidly urbanizing city, where shared spaces are scant, poorly designed, and ill managed. The current situation and stresses have contributed to the degradation of the urban environment and transformed neighborhoods in drastic ways at the expense of public life. However, the neighborhoods comprise a lot of vacant properties (built and inbuilt) includes public staircases, pedestrian alleys and building entrances neglected gardens and parks that holds a valuable opportunity for rethinking the public spaces. The aim of the study is developing design guidelines to obtain flexible open spaces and achieve urban resilience in densely populated areas using green technology. The main objective of the study is to enhance cities’ resilient factors through applying urban interventions into the public realm elements that contribute to achieving flexible open spaces, to identify the applicable green technologies that are most suitable for creating energy- producing open spaces in highly dense areas, and to achieve a balance between the aesthetic aspects of spaces and the needs and perceptions of residents using the participatory design approach. This paper is based on literature review, analytical quantitative study. In addition to a comparative analysis of international case studies done that helps in deducing the convenient tools that can be relied upon in the case of Beirut. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize that urban interventions based on modern technologies that are considered supporters to the urban lifestyle, i.e., green technology that involve: environmentally friendly, self-replenishing and non-polluting sources can work on stimulating the spatial practices and the public life through facilitating sustainable development for physically damaged congested – historic Beirut’s neighborhoods.

Mapping Journalists' Perspectives on Peace Journalism in Pakistan: Evaluating News Media War and Peace Potential

Journalism is entrusted with delivering high-quality information, not just for the truth but perhaps more significantly for peace. This research examines the role media plays in promoting peace,as shown by the personal experiences of media professionals. Research demonstrates that the media seems to have a vital role in encouraging positive peace by (1) educating viewers about the government's current plans and (2) promoting shows/programs that encourage positive peace, which connects citizens with their government. These rising themes demonstrate the usefulness of government media,via peace journalism, in promoting the public's interest in peace building. Peace can be instilled in the press and maintained if the government and media stay committed. The findings demonstrate that journalists are highly proactive and seek to utilize their positions to influence and engage the public. In this manner, journalists have a close relationship to the function of public organizers.

From War Studies to Peace Building and Social Transformation at the University of Zimbabwe in the Post-COVID-19 Era: New Directions

This paper uses a positive peace lens to examine the evolution of the War and Strategic Studies (WSS) degree curriculum, to the degree in Conflict, Peace Building, and Social Transformation (CPST) at the University of Zimbabwe in the year 2021, by considering the global pandemic and seeking new directions in the field. The paper addresses two questions: 1) What changes and factors provoked the change in direction, from the WSS curriculum to CPST, and 2) What are the potential benefits of repackaging the war and strategic studies degree programme? The paper argues that the paradigm shift accommodates pandemics like the COVID-19 which configured social, political, and economic patterns of life, and a new direction emerged, that is, a change of focus from negative to positive peace. Among the reasons for curriculum changes, from WSS to CPST, was the desire to give the programme a human face, and to align the degree so that it promotes the positive peace and sustainable development needed to address trajectories associated with emerging nonviolent threats to humanity – such as a global pandemics. Lastly, we see the new direction of the CPST as a counterhegemonic strategy to address confrontational and militaristic approaches to human conflict. COVID-19 has reminded us that confrontational politics are slowly becoming irrelevant for addressing the ambivalence of life, and in the struggle to contain global pandemics, which pose new threats to peace, security and development.

The impact of precarious security conditions on renewable electrification: The case of the West Bank

Recent energy-related writing has highlighted the spatiality of renewable energy and its possible affinity to geopolitics. Yet, energy geography and geopolitics literature lack reference to security and how it may shape the energy landscape. This study unpacks the elusive concepts of security and territoriality and operationalizes them into measurable variables. Using statistical and qualitative methods, including an original dataset based on planning and building protocols, this study tests the interplay between security conditions and territoriality on renewable energy adoption. It examines the case study of the contested Area C territory in the West Bank, within the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The findings show that precarious security conditions discourage renewable energy diffusion, particularly when security is linked to territorial conflict. As land-intensive infrastructures, renewable energy systems challenge territorial claims. This study demonstrates how space acts as an intermediate variable connecting security concerns with the diffusion of renewable technology. Security interests use spatial planning as a key mechanism to negatively influence on renewable energy diffusion in contested territory, such as Area C, where power asymmetry heavily leans to the advantage of one party. These findings contradict the argument that renewable energy is a catalyst for peace building. They show how renewable energy projects create inequalities and are often held hostage by the territorial dispute between Israel and the Palestinians.

NEGOTIATIONS ON THE DENUCLEARISATION OF NORTH KOREA: A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF SUMMIT DIPLOMACY

This article analyzes a series of summit diplomacy efforts by the former United States President Donald Trump, and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in, to persuade North Korean leader Kim Jong Un to give up the country's nuclear weapons program. Through critical evaluation of the summits between Trump and Kim as well as Moon and Kim, the paper provides several important lessons on how to deal with North Korea. Kim Jong Un's mindset and strategic calculation of a denuclearization deal with Trump, amid the recent progress of North Korea's nuclear weapons and ICBMs programs, are investigated. Given the failure to reach a denuclearization agreement at the Hanoi Summit, Pyongyang is not expected readily to give up its nuclear weapons. North Korea had temporarily refrained from severe military provocations, such as test-firing ICBMs or conducting another round of nuclear weapon experiments by self-moratorium since April 2018. However, Pyongyang reversed direction with this policy in 2022 and resumed coercive diplomacy in order to achieve its desired goals. As North Korea's incessant efforts to advance its nuclear weapons and ICBMs programs brings with a dismal outlook for peace building both on the Korean Peninsula and the world, this paper investigates a series of policy lessons to manage the North Korean nuclear crisis.

Pastoralist conflict: children as catalysts for peace building

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes of this paper are as follows: to uncover the social innovation in the peacebuilding model of the Children for Peace Initiative (CPI); to identify the key success factors of the CPI model; to discuss the sustainability of the model of CPI-Kenya; and to apply the contact theory and personal transformation theory to CPI model. Case overview/synopsis The case is written to address the issue of intercommunity peacebuilding between the Pokot and Samburu. It focusses on social innovation in peacebuilding implemented in seven villages among the Pokot and Samburu. The activities revolve around the involvement of children as key actors in peacebuilding and the exchange of heifer between the communities to sustain the peace. The heifer is one of the sources of conflict. In this case, this powerful cultural symbol is used to create bonding and friendship between the conflicting communities. While there were many peacebuilding attempts in the pastoralist communities, CPI-Kenya introduced a model that focusses on building a new human relationship between the communities. It includes all the social groups of the communities, making it more successful and sustainable than other previous attempts.The two co-founders, Monica Kinyua and Hilary Bukuno, narrated the story of how the CPI-Kenya started, highlighting the uniqueness of their peace-building approach and the strategy they adopted to build a new relationship between the communities. They shared powerful stories of how CPI managed to bring a peaceful living between the Samburu and Pokot in Baragoi, particularly in Amaya and Longewan villages.In the beginning, the main challenge for the CPI-Kenya team was finding the right approach to implement their peace innovation by making children become the catalyst of peace in their communities. With children at the centre of the CPI model, the best approach was getting entry through schools. The school is an accepted social system that has over time gained trust from all parents who send their children there.The case provides the students with the element that is essential for social innovation in the community. The students can learn from the case the importance of collaboration for social initiative, community engagement and inclusive peacebuilding. It portrays a unique strategy in community leadership and management. Further, the students will learn one concrete application of the human contact theory and personal transformation theory. The case highlight how cultural symbols that are sources of conflict can be turned into the symbol of peace. Starting with one group of people in a community and growing into other groups in the same community through a ripple effect. Complexity academic level The case can be used for Master’s and Doctorate. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Exploring the effectiveness of theatre for peace building in glocal conflicts

Conflict is an inevitable phenomenon in any human society because humans are driven by varied ideologies, interests and positions, which might clash time and again. Since the return to democratic rule in 1999, Nigeria has witnessed many conflicts and violence fostered by issues of identity, citizenship and participation in national dispensations. The worst case scenario in this expression is the Boko Haram insurgency since 2009. Conflict in Nigeria has thrived mainly because the approaches adopted to address conflict have been inadequate and unsuitable. This article adopts the Participatory Theory to discuss the effectiveness of applying more subtle approaches such as the Theatre-for-Development (TfD) framework for peace building in Nigeria today. It focuses on the conflict between herders and farmers in Barkin Ladi and Riyom Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Plateau State and the experimentation of the TfD framework to facilitate dialogue and reconciliation between herders and farmers and presentsqualitative data to this effect. The paper concludes that conflict and conflict related issues can be addressed without the use of force.Therefore, TfD is the alternative strategy for entrenching peace and building inclusive societies. The study recommends that the Theatre-for-Development framework is pertinent for peace building as it is an investment in humans, both physically and psychologically towards reconciliation and durable peace. It also recommends that there is the need for capacity building within government agencies to improve their fundamental understanding of conflict related issues and enhance their ability to contribute to just and lasting solutions.

Addressing the Intersections of Health, Organizing, and Peacebuilding: A Case Study of Peacebuilding in Liberia

ABSTRACT The notion of peace and the “doing of peace(building)” are integral components of individual and community/societal well-being. Yet although health (defined broadly to include well-being), organizing, and peace are interrelated, there is a lack of research that considers them together. In this manuscript, we argue that peace is constituted through the processes and acts of organizing for well-being. “Peacebuilding” constitutes organizing processes by multiple actors over time to prevent and mitigate violence. To highlight the intersections between health, organizing, and peace, in this article we draw upon our peacebuilding collaborations in Liberia, West Africa, as part of the Violence Prevention Initiative (VPI; pseudonym). We elaborate on three projects from the VPIʻs work as a means through which to then propose ways in which communication scholars can theorize intersections among health, organizing, and peace and contribute to empirical research at these intersections.

KEHIDUPAN DAMAI DI DESA BENGKAREK KECAMATAN SUNGAI AMBAWANG KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA

AbstractThe community in Bengkarek Village consists of various ethnicities, including those whohave had a history of conflict, namely Dayak and Madurese. As a heterogeneouscommunity group, peace can also be created in this society, although their lifestyle is stillthick with their respective cultural identities, this does not reduce the totality of behavioras a large group that has the same desire for peace. This study uses an ethnographicmethod, examining the phenomenon of peace in the Bengkarek Village community. Theresults of this study are a form of negative and positive peace that moves continuously insociety, prevention and management of conflict and violence is successfully carried outby the community through the role of structural community leaders as well as communityleaders and all residents of Bengkarek Village through a cultural approach (kultutal).These two forms of the peace movement are still in a sustainable phase, especiallypositive peace building in creating a better quality of life from various aspects, suchdevelopment processes still have obstacles so that they are relatively slow.Keywords: Negative and positive peace, Bengkarek Village Community