Growth Pattern Research Articles

Are Wild Prey Sufficient for the Top Predators in the Lowland Protected Areas of Nepal?

A balanced equilibrium between carnivores and their prey is crucial for maintaining ecosystem sustainability. In this study, we applied the predator-prey power law equation to assess the balance between the biomass densities of carnivores and their wild prey within Nepal's lowland protected areas during 2013, 2018, and 2022. The estimated value of the power law exponent k for predator-prey biomass was 0.71 (95% CI = 0.39-1.05), indicating an approximate threefold increase in predator biomass density for every fivefold increase in prey biomass density. Consequently, this creates a systematically bottom-heavy predator-prey biomass pyramid. This finding, consistent with the k = 3/4 trophic biomass scaling across ecosystems, suggests that predator biomass is proportionally sustained by prey biomass, indicating a balance between top predators and their wild prey in Nepal's lowland protected areas. We further demonstrated it is possible to retain the overall power law exponent while jointly measuring intraguild competition between two predators with canonical correlation analysis. This understanding opens avenues for future research directed toward unraveling the factors that drive these consistent growth patterns in ecological communities.

ALK-rearranged, CD34-positive spindle cell neoplasms resembling dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a study of seven cases.

The majority of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) harbour PDGFB or PDGFD rearrangements. We encountered ALK expression/rearrangement in a PDGFB/D-negative CD34-positive spindle cell neoplasm with features similar to DFSP, prompting evaluation of ALK-rearrangements in DFSP and plaque-like CD34-positive dermal fibroma (P-LDF). We searched the archives of academic institutions for cases previously coded as DFSP and P-LDF. NGS-naïve or PDGFB-negative DFSP were screened for ALK (clone D5F3) expression by immunohistochemistry. NGS or ALK FISH was performed on ALK-positive cases. Methylome profiling studies were performed and compared with conventional DFSP. One case of "DFSP" and two "P-LDF" with ALK expression were identified from the archives, while four cases were detected prospectively. These seven cases (6F:1M; 8 months to 76 years) arose in the dermis of the arm (two), scalp, eyelid, thigh, abdomen, and shoulder and ranged from 0.4 to 4.2 cm. Tumours were composed of spindled cells and displayed a storiform growth pattern. Cytologic atypia was absent, and mitotic figures were scarce (0-2/10 HPFs, high power fields). The lesional cells were diffusely positive for CD34 and ALK and negative for S100 protein. By NGS (n = 5), ALK fusion partners included DCTN1 (2), PLEKHH2, and CLIP2 in DFSP-like cases and FLNA in P-LDF-like lesions. ALK FISH was positive in one (of two) cases previously labelled P-LDF. Methylome profiling of two (of three) ALK-rearranged DFSP-like tumours showed clustering with conventional DFSP in the UMAP dimension reduction plot. To date, no tumour has recurred (n = 2; 26, 27 months). We describe a cohort of novel ALK-rearranged tumours with morphologic features similar to DFSP.

Single-cell phenotypic profiling and backtracing exposes and predicts clinically relevant subpopulations in isogenic Staphylococcus aureus communities

Isogenic bacterial cell populations are phenotypically heterogenous and may include subpopulations of antibiotic tolerant or heteroresistant cells. The reversibility of these phenotypes and lack of biomarkers to differentiate functionally different, but morphologically identical cells is a challenge for research and clinical detection. To overcome this, we present ´Cellular Phenotypic Profiling and backTracing (CPPT)´, a fluorescence-activated cell sorting platform that uses fluorescent probes to visualize and quantify cellular traits and connects this phenotypic profile with a cell´s experimentally determined fate in single cell-derived growth and antibiotic susceptibility analysis. By applying CPPT on Staphylococcus aureus we phenotypically characterized dormant cells, exposed bimodal growth patterns in colony-derived cells and revealed different culturability of single cells on solid compared to liquid media. We demonstrate that a fluorescent vancomycin conjugate marks cellular subpopulations of vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus with increased likelihood to survive antibiotic exposure, showcasing the value of CPPT for discovery of clinically relevant biomarkers.

Significance of radiation therapy in frontal glioblastoma patients and exploration of optimal treatment modality: a real-world multiple-center study based on propensity score matching.

Glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits diffuse and invasive growth patterns, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of 5-10%. In addition, approximately 40 percent of GBMs are localized in the frontal lobe, a region closely linked to essential life functions including cognition, so that it cannot be completely eradicated through surgical intervention, leading to very poor prognosis. Postoperative therapy is an essential treatment modality. The aim of this study is to explain the possible role of radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of frontal GBM, providing more evidence for clinical application. In the study, patient information pertaining to frontal GBM patients was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for the period 2000 to 2018 with 9,904 patients deemed appropriate for inclusion in this study. A 1:2 propensity score matching analysis was conducted to balance the non-radiotherapy and radiotherapy group. This study is a retrospective study. Before matching, the median OS, tumor specific survival (TSS) and hazard ratio (HR) were 3 months, 3 months and 4.408 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.762-4.535, P<0.001] in the non-RT group compared to those of 13 months, 14 months and 2.463 (95% CI: 2.247-2.936, P<0.001) in the RT group. After matching, the median OS, TSS and HR were 3 months, 4 months and 1.433 (95% CI: 1.387-1.692, P<0.001) in the non-RT group compared to those of 8 months, 8 months and 1.427 (95% CI: 1.374-1.682, P<0.001) in the RT group. Radiotherapy is an important local therapy, which can significantly improve the tumor-specific survival and OS of frontal GBM patients. With the arrival of the era of precision radiotherapy, the continuous progress of radiotherapy technology may bring more benefits to frontal GBM patients.

Assessing Blue Catfish population dynamics across varying introduction timelines in Georgia

AbstractObjectiveUnderstanding the dynamic rate functions of introduced fish populations is essential in guiding management strategies. Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus population dynamics have been well studied; however, there is a gap in knowledge from populations that have been introduced into novel systems.MethodsBlue Catfish were collected from the Altamaha, Ocmulgee, Oconee, and Satilla rivers in Georgia. Age estimates were obtained through otolith analysis. Multimodel growth analysis was used to describe growth patterns, and early life growth was modeled with linear regression. Instantaneous mortality of each population was estimated and compared by using a generalized linear model approach.ResultThe four introduced Blue Catfish populations exhibited rapid growth and low mortality rates during establishment; however, we found that populations with earlier introduction histories generally had slower growth rates and lower mortality. The Satilla River population is comparatively the most recently introduced population (first discovered in 2011) that exhibited the fastest growth and highest mortality.ConclusionOur results suggest that Blue Catfish in our study systems are in an intermediate stage of invasion and have not yet reached an equilibrium state. As density continues to increase in these river systems, we expect a decline in growth rates, delayed sexual maturation, and a greater observed maximum age. However, additional monitoring is needed to identify how population dynamics and reproductive characteristics vary over time.

The Diagnostic Role of α-smooth Muscle Actin in Superficial Invasive Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract Background Diagnosis of superficial invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a major challenge for pathologists as its confirmation is mainly based on histomorphologic features especially in presence of differentials and in absence of reliable diagnostic immunohistochemical markers. Despite focusing on study of tumor cells, the study of tumor microenvironment (TME) and its major component cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) will help to understand the participation of the tumor stroma in tumor development, progression and invasion differentiating it from other premalignant and benign lesions whose features may overlap with superficial invasive LSCC causing diagnostic dilemma. CAFs are characterized by the expression of α-smooth muscle actin protein (α-SMA) which represents the major component used to detect mesenchymal cells during process of TME. Objective To assess the diagnostic role of α-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemical expression in superficially invasive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The current study was conducted retrospectively on 108 cases of laryngeal biopsy samples as archived formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks obtained from the Pathology Department lab of Ain Shams University Hospitals (Jan 2020-Dec 2022). The cases included in the current study were divided into 4 groups; Group 1: included 32 superficial invasive LSCC cases, Group 2: included 20 Laryngeal HGD/SIL cases, Group 3: included 36 PEH cases and Group 4: included 20 invasive LSCC cases. Data concerned with gender, age, lesion laterality, site and smoking history were obtained from the electronically archived reports. The histopathological data were re-examined microscopically by at least two authors. After then, the expression of Alpha SMA was evaluated in different groups, followed by statistical evaluation of the obtained results. Results Immunoreactivity of α-SMA was expressed in 87.5% of superficial invasive LSCC cases and 100% of invasive LSCC cases, while no reactivity was observed in all cases of HGD/SIL group, and rarely in PEH group (5.6%). There was statistically significant correlation between alpha SMA and both stroma changes and percentage of TILs in stroma of superficial invasive LSCC and no statistically significant relationship between alpha SMA expression and age, sex, lesion’s laterality, site, microscopic growth pattern, smoking, koiliocytic changes and hyperkeratosis in superficial invasive LSCC cases. The α-SMA expression pattern in stroma of superficial invasive LSCC was significantly different from that of HGD/SIL and PEH groups. Conclusion Alpha SMA is a potentially valuable marker for labelling CAFs and plays a reliable ancillary role in confirming the invasion for superficial invasive LSCC and differentiating it from HGD/SILs and PEH cases.

A Comparative Study on Growth Rates and Length-weight Relationships of Snow Trout (Schizothorax sp.) from Rasuwa, Nuwakot, and Okhaldhunga Districts of Nepal

Aims: Snow trout (Schizothorax spp.) are vital to Nepal's aquatic biodiversity and economy, yet little research has addressed their growth potential under controlled conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of snow trout from three regions of Nepal (Okhaldhunga, Nuwakot, and Rasuwa) in captivity. Study Design: Original Research Article. Place and Duration of Study: Fisheries Research Station (FRS), Trishuli Nepal, between August 18 November 24, 2023. Methodology: Schizothorax species were collected from Okhaldhunga, Nuwakot, and Rasuwa districts and acclimated to the environment of the FRS in three separate raceways prior to the feeding trial. From each location, a population of 450 apparently healthy and uniform sized snow trout (initial weight: 20.00 + 1.2g) were then distributed into 3 raceway tanks, altogether 9 raceways for 3 groups, feeding upon the commercial feed (48% crude protein) in the form of dough at 3% of the body weight for 90 days. At the end of the feeding trial, growth parameters, including weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (K) and Length-weight relationship (LWR) were measured. Survival rate and water quality parameters were also measured. Statistical analysis for group’s means differences was conducted using one-way ANOVA in R Studio for Windows at a 5% level of significance. Results: Results indicated Fish from Nuwakot exhibited the highest weight gain (3.61 ± 1.82 g) and SGR (0.23 ± 0.12% per day), though these differences were not statistically significant (P &gt;0.05). The condition factor (K) was highest for Rasuwa fish (0.98), followed by Nuwakot (0.97) and Okhaldhunga (0.97) (P &gt;0.05), indicating that the fish were relatively thin, possibly due to poor nutrition or stressful conditions. The LWR analysis revealed high length-weight correlations for all groups, with Rasuwa fish exhibiting a positive allometric growth pattern (b=3.02), whereas Okhaldhunga (b=2.93) and Nuwakot (b=2.94) fish showed negative allometric growth patterns. This may suggest that snow trotu from Rasuwa were in relatively good physiological condition and adapting well to the rearing conditions at the FRS. Although with no statistical difference, the survival rate was highest for fish from Nuwakot (86.67%), followed by Rasuwa (80.00%) and Okhaldhunga (77.33%) (P &gt;0.05). This may indicate the adequacy of the water quality (average temperature 11.75 ± 0.42℃, dissolved oxygen more than 7 mg/L, and pH 7.71 ± 0.16) maintained during the study. Conclusion: The findings suggest that while the snow trout demonstrated the ability to survive yet grow slowly under captivity, their growth performance may be significantly enhanced by optimizing rearing conditions, particularly slightly higher water temperature. This study underscores the need for targeted improvements in aquaculture practices to support the effective domestication and conservation of snow trout in Nepal.

Patterns of early embryogenesis and growth in the olfactory system of chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) based on iodine-enhanced micro-computed tomography.

The vertebrate olfactory system entails a complex set of neural/support structures that bridge morphogenetic regions. The developmental mechanisms coordinating this bridge remain unclear, even for model organisms such as chick, Gallus gallus. Here, we combine previous growth data on the chick olfactory apparatus with new samples targeting its early embryogenesis. The purpose is to illuminate how early developmental dynamics integrate with scaling relationships to produce adult form and, potentially, evolutionary patterns. Olfactory structures, including epithelium, turbinate, nerve, and olfactory bulb, are considered in the context of neighboring nasal and brain structures. Axonal outgrowth from the olfactory epithelium, which eventually connects receptor neurons with the brain, begins earlier than previously established. This dynamic marks the beginning of a complex pattern of early differential growth wherein the olfactory bulbs scale with positive allometry relative to both brain volume and turbinate area, which in turn scale isometrically with one another. The mechanisms driving observed patterns of organogenesis and growth remain unclear awaiting experimental evidence. We discuss competing hypotheses, including the possibility that broad-based isometry of olfactory components reflects constraints imposed by high levels of functional/structural integration. Such integration would include the frontonasal prominence having a strong influence on telencephalic patterning.

Parallel Concentric Wrinkled Polydimethylsiloxane Patterns and Their Potential Biomedical Applications

AbstractThe objective of this study is to examine microbial behavior by fabricating and applying parallel concentric wrinkled patterns to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. The patterns are generated and subsequently relaxed in a rigid silica layer, resulting in the formation of discernible wrinkles that can be analyzed using electron microscopy and light diffraction. The alignment of E. coli and silica microparticles is facilitated by these structures along the creases. Within these creases, E. coli exhibits enhanced attachment and rotational mobility in regions characterized by hydrophobic cracks. Furthermore, the bacteria demonstrate an increase in velocity when propelled by the PDMS creases, suggesting that these structures are capable of guiding microbial motion. In addition, distinct alignment and growth patterns are observed for E. coli proliferation within the PDMS microchannels under confined conditions. The analysis of bacterial morphology and gene expression in response to chemical stimuli, such as isopropyl‐β‐D‐thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) gradients, demonstrates that the chemical environment has a substantial impact; filamentous cells aligned along the creases. These results illustrate the efficacy of parallel concentric wrinkled PDMS patterns in establishing regulated conditions for investigating microbial behavior and represent significant contributions to the fields of microbiology and biomedicine.

Impact of BMI on childhood growth, pubertal timing, and bone maturation: A comprehensive review and clinical implications

Introduction: Childhood obesity and undernutrition significantly affect growth patterns, pubertal timing, and bone maturation, leading to long-term health implications. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Twenty-four studies, including a total of 40,732 patients, were analyzed from two tables examining the impact of BMI, growth patterns, pubertal timing, and bone maturation. Results: Children with high BMI exhibit accelerated linear growth during early childhood, that may be driven by elevated leptin levels, which stimulate growth before puberty. Despite early growth advantages, these children experience reduced height gain during adolescence due to advanced bone maturation and earlier closure of growth plates. High BMI is strongly linked to early puberty, especially in girls, as increased adipose tissue raises leptin levels, triggering early pubertal onset. Boys, however, show variability in pubertal timing, with severe obesity sometimes delaying puberty. In contrast, children with low BMI or undernutrition demonstrate delayed linear growth and delayed puberty. Nutritional deficits lead to reduced growth velocity, delayed pubertal onset, and extended pubertal periods due to a lack of adipose tissue and hormonal deficiencies in leptin and kisspeptin. Nutritional rehabilitation promotes catch-up growth, allowing for extended growth potential by delaying growth plate closure. However, full recovery may not occur in cases of prolonged or severe undernutrition. Advanced bone age in high BMI children shortens the pubertal growth spurt, while delayed bone maturation in undernourished children offers a prolonged period for potential growth, contingent on timely nutritional support. Conclusion: Timely interventions for childhood obesity and undernutrition are critical to improving growth outcomes and preventing long-term developmental delays. Early identification, nutritional rehabilitation, and lifestyle modifications can help optimize growth and pubertal development by addressing both advanced and delayed growth trajectories.

Localized type tenosynovial giant cell tumor with metastases to lungs and pleura: a case report and literature review

BackgroundTenosynovial giant cell tumor is a rare soft tissue tumor of the synovium of joint, bursae, or tendon sheath. It is divided into localized or diffuse types on the basis of the growth pattern. Localized tenosynovial giant cell tumors are usually benign and treated successfully by excision. Diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumors, in contrast to localized type, can destroy bone and cartilage and are associated with frequent local recurrences and distant metastasis. Localized type tenosynovial giant cell tumors rarely metastasize to distant organs. Here, we report a case of localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor presenting with lung metastases and systematically review literature.Case presentationA 55-year-old Asian male presented with a dry cough, right-sided chest pain and progressive dyspnea for 1 month. At 18 months before this presentation, he had undergone excision of a painless swelling on his right index finger. The swelling recurred within 3 months of excision, and a biopsy was then suggestive of a giant cell tumor. Given the suspicion of a giant cell tumor, a wide excision of the lesion was performed and the excisional biopsy was consistent with a diagnosis of tenosynovial giant cell tumor, localized type. At admission to our hospital, the patient had tachypnoea and absent breath sounds on the right side. A chest radiograph showed a right-sided pleural effusion with a homogenous opacity in the left mid-zone. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest and abdomen showed right massive pleural effusion and bilateral multiple lobulated heterogeneously enhancing pleural-based masses with areas of internal calcification. Pleural fluid analysis revealed an exudate with no malignant cells on cytology. A lung biopsy showed osteoclast-like giant cells and mononuclear spindle cells with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis, suggesting tenosynovial giant cell tumor metastasis. A final diagnosis of localized type tenosynovial giant cell tumor of the right index finger with metastases to the lungs and pleura was made. The patient passed away after receiving three cycles of denosumab injection owing to progressive disease.ConclusionLung metastasis is extremely rare in patients with localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor. The survival is usually poor in patients with lung metastasis. A close follow-up of patients with localized type tenosynovial giant cell tumor is necessary for early detection of pleuropulmonary complications.

Improving Accessibility and Delivery of Healthcare Services to Underserved Children through Technology: A Comprehensive Approach of Literature Review

This study investigates the use of technology to improve healthcare accessibility and delivery for children in underprivileged communities through article review comprehensively. A literature review with qualitative method that involved four distinct steps. In the initial stage, the search was conducted using Google Scholar (GS) and Scopus website. The second stage was filtering, which entails selecting the journals that will be examined. The last stage was analysis the articles, this analysis uses a 4-step PRISMA process to identify 123 articles published from 2019 to 2024 in Scopus journal. The review was evaluated the efficacy of telemedicine, mobile health applications, and wearable devices in monitoring and addressing children's health, while considering genetic predispositions and underlying medical issues that influence growth patterns. The research emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive strategy in evaluating child growth and development, utilizing health data to tailor interventions. Online systems, such as mobile phones and PDAs, can support healthcare workers in underserved rural areas. The integration of technology is essential for addressing unique challenges in underserved areas and ensuring access to high-quality healthcare services for all children. Current monitoring methods include regular check-ups, growth charts, and developmental screenings, with advancements in technology providing new tools like mobile health apps and wearable devices. Involving various stakeholders in the evaluation process is crucial, with participatory research focusing on community empowerment, ownership, and capacity building. Online systems offer efficient and accessible ways to track health data but may come with privacy concerns and data breach risks. The study focuses on the effectiveness of online systems for monitoring child health indicators, discussing data collection methods, sampling strategies, and ethical considerations. Findings reveal the need to address areas such as limited social interaction and incorporate interactive activities and group projects into online curriculum. Understanding the impact of online learning on students' health and well-being is crucial for tailoring approaches to ensure comprehensive support. The research findings have significant implications for child health policy and practice, emphasizing the importance of social connection and mental well-being in online learning environments.

Analysis of growth pattern of temporal bone pneumatization using 3D reconstructed computed tomography.

Temporal bone pneumatization (TBP) is influenced by age, sex, and race, and it seems to progress rapidly to puberty. However, the extent of TBP in childhood remains unclear. To investigate the progression of TBP in children aged 1-18 years via three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of high-resolution computed tomography (CT) images. A total of 432 temporal bones of 216 individuals aged 1-18 years with well-pneumatized mastoid antra on both sides were included in this retrospective work. We created 18 age groups, each with six boys and six girls. Surface rendering of air density was performed using -290 HU to obtain TBP. Statistical analysis employed SPSS version 24.0 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The linear regression equations that considered age and volume for all cases (ya), male (ym) and female (yf) were ya = 384.42x + 1790.40, R2 = 0.425; ym = 431.54x + 1440.9, R2 = 0.501; and yf = 337.26 x + 2140.5, R2 = 0.355. Both male and female individuals showed an increase in the average value of pneumatization until the age of 17, and the values ​​of pneumatization at specific ages for boys and girls showed differences. The mean male and female TBP levels differed significantly at 3, 11, and 18 years of age (P < 0.05). TBP in boys was greater than that of girls at adolescence. It was possible to identify the specific periods of significant variation in the degree of pneumatization of temporal bone.

A Rapidly Growing Nodule on the Eyebrow of a Pediatric Patient

A 11-year-old Caucasian girl presented to our Dermatology Unit with a 2-month history of an erythematous nodule, localized to the medial portion of her left eyebrow, rapidly growing in the two weeks before presentation. The histopathological examination revealed a dermal multi-nodular epithelial neoplasm composed of clear cells, squamous cells, and glandular cells, characterized by cytologic atypia, high mitotic activity, and an infiltrative deep growth pattern. The immunohistochemical profile of the lesion was as follows: CKAE1/AE3+, EMA+, CK8/18+, CK7+, CK19+, AR negative, p63 focally +, Ki67 25%, rare cells GCDFP15+, p53+.

Quantifying the Impact of Indian Virtual Reality Research: A Scientometric Study

The last pandemic covid-19 has brought up various technologies in the booming lane. Virtual reality technology plays a vital role in different fields. In this paper, virtual reality technology was analyzed, including the growth pattern in India from 2012 to 2021. The Web of Science platform is a subscription-paid database of multidisciplinary citations that originated from the Institute for Scientific Information, and it is currently obtained and maintained by Clarivate. Analytics have been used to analyze this study of virtual reality technology research. This study has been analyzed with a record of 540 for the period of 2012-2021 to explore trends in publishing, degree of collaboration, authors' partnership, keywords of Virtual Reality, analyzed journals by scientists, funding agencies and organization-wise publications.

A comparative study of TiO2, Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 coated Ti6Al4V titanium alloy for biomedical applications

Refractory metal oxides such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), and niobium oxide (Nb2O5) coated-titanium and its alloys for medical applications have recently gained significant attention due to their remarkable properties, including high hardness, strong chemical inertness, and excellent biocompatibility. However, comparative studies among them remain scarce. In this study, thin films of Ta2O5, Nb2O5, and TiO2 were deposited on Ti6Al4V titanium alloy using radio frequency sputtering technology. Their properties were comparably evaluated through a series of tests, including scratching, nanoindentation, friction and wear, potentiodynamic polarization, and cell cultivation experiments. The results revealed that all three coatings, with a thickness of approximately 2.6–2.8 μm, exhibited an amorphous columnar growth pattern with dense surfaces resembling cauliflower. The bonding force of the TiO2 coating exceeds 50 N, which is 26.2 times and 14.5 times greater than that of Ta2O5 and Nb2O5, respectively. Furthermore, all coated samples demonstrate superior wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility compared to bare Ti6Al4V. Among the coatings, TiO2 showed the best performance, followed by Ta2O5, while Nb2O5 exhibited the least favorable performance. These findings revealed the performance differences among the three ceramic coatings on Ti6Al4V samples and offer valuable insights for further research and the selection of coatings to enhance the properties of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy for biomedical applications.

Research on Bank Data Governance Organization Architecture Planning

Banking service capacity building is a critically essential area of study and research because banks, as vital components of the financial system, are key drivers of economic development and industrial progress. In light of the continuous improvement of financial innovation and scientific and technological knowledge, bank data information regarding the current state of the commercial banking industry displays a geometric multiple growth pattern. The complex state of bank data is also brought about by these data, which serve as a reference for bank architecture and planning. Because of this, efficient data management is required to fully reap the benefits of data. In short, the bank's data governance work will further enhance the bank's service capabilities and achieve its comprehensive value improvement.

The use of protein hydrolysate from fish waste as part of microbiological culture media

The need to involve in the processing of significant amount of secondary protein-containing raw materials formed during fish cutting, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the shortage of a source of the protein component of microbiological nutrient media determines the relevance of the work. The goal was to study the possibility of using fish protein hydrolyzate obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis from secondary fish raw materials in microbiological nutrient media. Microbiological and physicochemical methods were used to conduct research. When optimizing the developed algorithm for the fermentation process, a mathematical model of the experiment was used with a minimum number of experiments. An algorithm has been developed for obtaining fish protein hydrolyzate from meat and bone waste from cutting pelagic fish (cod). The hydrolysis parameters were optimized: the concentration of the enzyme preparation is 1.33 % of the total mass of waste, the duration of the fermentation process – 3 hours. The characteristics of the resulting fish hydrolyzate are determined: the mass fraction of total nitrogen – 13 %, amine – 3.6 %, water – 4.6 %, sodium chloride – 2.7 %, fat – 0.3 %. An experimental fish hydrolyzate has been studied as a source of protein nitrogen in accordance with the formulation of a microbiological medium used for counting when growing colonies of microorganisms. The effectiveness of the prepared nutrient media was assessed by comparing the performance coefficients of the experimental and control nutrient media, as well as by identifying test microorganisms grown on the experimental medium. It was established that the growth pattern of test cultures both on the studied nutrient medium and on the control medium was almost the same. Test microorganisms retained their biochemical, morphological and cultural characteristics. The research results showed the possibility of using fish protein hydrolyzate obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis from secondary fish raw materials in microbiological nutrient media.

A Preliminary Study of the Age and Growth Patterns of a Sea Toad, Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978, in Suruga Bay, Japan

Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978, is a bottom-dwelling species caught by bottom trawls in Suruga Bay. In the present study, we assessed the age and growth pattern of C. abei from Suruga Bay during the period of 2021–2022 for the first time. The total length (TL) of the population ranged from 37.4–268.8 mm (mean ± SD: 124.7 ± 3.64 mm), and the fish weight (W) between 1.11–491.75 g (mean ± SD: 58.40 ± 7.25 g). The length-weight relationship was estimated as 𝑊𝑊=(2.07 × 10−5)𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇2.996 (r2 = 0.937). Age determination was based on annual growth ring counts of transverse sections of the sagittal otoliths and age ranged from 1 to 12 years, with the majority of fish aged 4 (32.79 %) years old. The von Bertalanffy growth function was used to model the growth, and the parameters were found as: TL∞ = 468.1 mm, K = 0.056 year-1, t0 = -0.402 year. This research provides the first results on the growth of C. abei and enriches the regional fisheries biology database. Furthermore, it presents the primary population data on the growth patterns of one of the chaunacid species.

Study Assessment of Soil and Water Quality Conditions on Barren Agricultural Lands in Tropical Regions

Barren land is non-productive land that is difficult to use as a medium for integrated agricultural cultivation. The aim of this research is to determine the profile and feasibility status of land in barren agricultural areas quantitatively. The research method used was descriptive with purposive data collection. Data analysis included SQI and WQI parametric analyses. The research results indicate that the ideal soil parameter is only pH 7.5-7.7, while for water parameters it is pH 8.0-8.1, meeting water quality standards. SQI values range from 0.44 to 0.49 and WQI from 0.45 to 0.57. SQI and WQI values at the research site fall into the poor category, indicating difficulty in converting the land into agricultural use. SQI and WQI show a strong correlation as depicted in the model Y = 4.113 + 0.026 (R2 = 0.789). Correlation tests showed strong correlations in soil between redox potential and soil pH (0.449), and redox potential and organic matter (0.377). Weak correlations were found between cation exchange capacity and soil pH (0.009), and nitrate and total N (0.517). In water, strong correlations were found between water pH and nitrite (0.302) and ammonia (0.529). Additionally, water pH showed weak correlations with carbon dioxide (0.752) and organic matter (0.659). The values of soil and water parameters have an immediate impact on plant growth patterns. Therefore, integrated agricultural cultivation patterns need to be developed. In conclusion, empirically, the condition of barren land indicates poor land use feasibility. The poor profile and biophysical feasibility conditions of barren land are attributed to environmental pollution and runoff from other land areas.