Variety Of Patterns Research Articles

Widespread habitat loss leads to ecosystem-scale decrease in trophic function.

Natural and anthropogenic disturbances have led to rapid declines in the amount and quality of available habitat in many ecosystems. Many studies have focused on how habitat loss has affected the composition and configuration of habitats, but there have been fewer studies that investigate how this loss affects ecosystem function. We investigated how a large-scale seagrass die-off altered the distribution of energetic resources of three seagrass-associated consumers with varied resource use patterns. Using long-term benthic habitat monitoring data and resource use data from Bayesian stable isotope mixing models, we generated energetic resource landscapes (E-scapes) annually between 2007 and 2019. E-scapes link the resources being used by a consumer to the habitats that produce those resources to calculate a habitat resource index as a measurement of energetic quality of the landscape. Overall, our results revealed that following the die-off there was a reduction in trophic function across all species in areas affected by the die-off event, but the response was species-specific and dependent on resource use and recovery patterns. This study highlights how habitat loss can lead to changes in ecosystem function. Incorporating changes in ecosystem function into models of habitat loss could improve understanding of how species will respond to future change.

Change of spermatophyte family diversity in distribution patterns with climate change in China

The global climate is undergoing extraordinary changes, profoundly influencing a variety of ecological processes. Understanding the distribution patterns and predicting the future of plant diversity is crucial for biodiversity conservation in the context of climate change. However, current studies on predictive geographic patterns of plant diversity often fail to separate the effects of global climate change from other influencing factors. In this study, we developed a spatial simulation model of spermatophyte family diversity (SSMSFD) based on data collected from 200 nature reserves covering approximately 1,500,000 km2, where direct anthropogenic disturbances to plant diversity and the surrounding environment are absent. We predicted the spermatophyte family diversity for all provinces in China in 2020, 2040, and 2080, considering the impacts of global climate change. On average, China currently exhibits 118 plant families per 25 km2, with a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest. When considering only the effects of global climate change, excluding direct anthropogenic disturbances, our results indicate that under the Shared Socioeconomic Path Scenarios (SSPs) 245 and 585, spermatophyte family diversity is projected to slowly increase in most Chinese provinces from 2021 to 2080. Notably, the increase is more pronounced under SSPs585 compared to SSPs245. Global climate change has a positive effect on plant diversity, in contrast to the negative impact of anthropogenic disturbances that often lead to declines in plant diversity. This research highlights the contrasting outcomes of future plant diversity under the sole influence of global climate change and the significant negative effects of anthropogenic disturbances on diversity.

FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF BRANCHING OF HUMAN CEREBELLAR ARTERIES

Human cerebellum is supplied by three arteries: the superior surface is nourished by the superior cerebellar artery (SCA), while the inferior surface is supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Traditionally, the branching pattern of the superfi cial vascular network is subjectively assessed, distinguishing between the trunk, lose or mixed types. Fractal analysis is an objective alternative method.The aim of this study is to investigate the fractal dimension of branching complexity of superfi cial arteries in the human cerebellum and to establish the relationship between the magnitude of the fractal index and the shape of the cerebellum.Material and Methods. A total of 100 cerebellum samples, including the brainstem, were examined. The width, length, and height of the cerebellum were measured. Parameters of cerebellar shape, namely relative width (rW), relative length (rL), and relative height (rH), were determined as the ratios of the square of one linear dimension to the product of the other two. For fractal analysis, 15 cerebellar samples of various shapes (9 from male and 6 from female individuals) were selected. Fractal analysis of digital images of the superior and inferior surfaces of the cerebellum was performed bilaterally using the box-counting method.Results. The range of fractal index values was determined, and intervals corresponding to the mixed (1.54-1.73), trunk (<1.54) and loose (>1.73) branching types were identifi ed. The superior surface predominantly exhibited trunk or mixed branching types, whereas the inferior surface was more characteristic of mixed or loose branching types. The greatest diversity of arterial branching patterns – from the trunk to lose type – is observed in the most numerous group – cerebella of proportional shape, regardless of which shape parameter is analyzed. The branching pattern of superfi cial cerebellar arteries tends towards a loose type in relatively narrow and relatively short cerebella, and conversely towards a trunk type in relatively wide and relatively long cerebella. Conversely, relative height has an opposite eff ect: the branching pattern of superfi cial cerebellar arteries tends towards a loose type as the relative height of the cerebellum increases. Thus, relatively low cerebella typically exhibit a trunk branching pattern (more noticeable on the superior surface), while in relatively high cerebella, the branching pattern tends towards loose (more noticeable on the inferior surface).

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CHINA UNDER ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

Economic globalization is the development characteristic and advantage of modern economy, especially the in-depth development of knowledge economy and people-oriented era, which has become the decisive factor of the world economy in the 21st century. In this context, competition among countries increasingly revolves around the quantity, quality and development level of human resources. This transformation has brought both opportunities and challenges to human resource management (HRM) in China. Economic globalization has prompted China's human resources management concepts to be re-examined and updated, and the field of human resources management has shown a more diversified pattern. The subjects of human resources management are constantly changing, and it is necessary to adjust the human resource’s structure and improve the overall quality of the workforce. While economic globalization has brought opportunities to China, it has also brought tremendous pressure to China's human resources management. Fierce international competition has posed a severe test to human resources and challenged traditional human resource management methods and structures. This article deeply explores the impact of economic globalization on human resource management in China. It analyzes how China's human resources management responds to the emergence of diverse talent market, the growing demand for cross-cultural skills, the fluidity of global talent flows, the need for technology and digital transformation, and the regulation and compliance faced in operations challenge. Globalized environment. By understanding and responding to these changes, China's human resource management can proactively respond to the changing situation and seize the opportunities brought by economic globalization.

Chloroidium phycobionts (Watanabeales, Trebouxiophyceae) partner with lecanoralean mycobionts in foliicolous lichen communities of Tenerife (Canary Islands) and Navarra (Iberian Peninsula), Spain

Abstract While the diversity of foliicolous lichen-forming fungi has been explored in substantial depth, relatively little attention has been paid to their algal symbionts. We studied the unicellular green phycobionts of the lecanoralean lichens Bacidina (Ramalinaceae), Byssoloma, Fellhanera and Tapellaria (Pilocarpaceae) and graphidalean Gyalectidium (Gomphillaceae) from two extratropical foliicolous communities in continental Spain and the Canary Islands. We examined the pyrenoids of algal symbionts within thalli using TEM, and obtained several algal nrSSU and rbcL sequences from whole thalli, and also from cultures isolated from some of these lichens. Pyrenoid structure and molecular sequence data provided support for recognizing Chloroidium (Watanabeales, Trebouxiophyceae) as phycobiont in thalli of Byssoloma subdiscordans and Fellhanera bouteillei (Pilocarpaceae) in both communities. Bacidina apiahica (Ramalinaceae) and Tapellaria epiphylla (Pilocarpaceae) likewise appeared to partner with Chloroidium based on the presence of the same pyrenoid type, although we were able to obtain a phycobiont sequence only from a culture isolate of the latter. These results contrast with those obtained previously from a foliicolous lichen community in southern Florida, which revealed only strains of Heveochlorella (Jaagichlorella) as phycobiont of foliicolous Pilocarpaceae and Gomphillaceae. On the other hand, the pyrenoid we observed in the phycobionts associated with Gyalectidium setiferum and G. minus corresponded to that of Heveochlorella (Jaagichlorella). However, the poor quality of the phycobiont sequence data obtained from G. minus, probably due to the presence of epibiontic algae, could not provide additional perspective on the pyrenoid structure observations. Nonetheless, clear differences in pyrenoid ultrastructure can allow Chloroidium and Heveochlorella phycobionts to be distinguished from each other in TEM. Our results indicate a greater diversity of unicellular green-algal symbionts in foliicolous communities from Spain than previously observed in other geographical areas, and suggest that further studies focused on symbiont pairing in these communities might reveal distinctive and varied patterns of phycobiont preference.

REVISITING TITLE DESIGN IN VERNACULAR CINEMA: A CINE SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS

Indian cinema is a term that refers to films made in India since time immemorial and has greatly influenced world cinema. Indian Cinema includes various regional languages and among them is Tamil cinema that produces films in the Tamil language with a very wide audience. It showcases varied and interesting patterns of visual culture. Film posters play a vital role in exhibiting these visual cultures and serve as the essence of a film’s soul. Film posters have a deep-rooted relationship with Indian cinema and one of the important parts of these posters is the title design. Title designs are synonymous with the story of the film with a view to create a visual force. The title designs have a modern facelift in the digital era. The use of new graphic techniques, expressive typography, composition, and color creates a lasting impact particularly in new age film title designs. The current research aims to examine the title designs in Kollywood film posters using a semiotics approach. Analysis is done based on the following aspects such as structural parameters, relationship with the theme of the film, context of use and production techniques.

Impact and Mechanism of Digital Inclusive Finance on the Urban–Rural Income Gap of China from a Spatial Econometric Perspective

With the rapid development of digital inclusive finance, whether it can lower the income inequality between urban and rural areas has been the focus of policy makers and researchers. Based on China’s 2011–2018 provincial panel data, this paper employs spatial econometric models and mediating-effect models to examine the impact of digital inclusive finance on the urban–rural income gap and its mechanism. The main findings are as follows: First, globally, the urban–rural income gap and digital inclusive finance each exhibit significant positive spatial correlation; locally, the income gap primarily exhibits spatial dependence in Central and Western China. Meanwhile, digital inclusive finance transitions from varied agglomeration patterns to exclusively H-H patterns in Eastern China. Second, digital inclusive finance notably reduces the urban–rural income gap, primarily attributed to its expanded breadth of coverage and digitization. Third, mechanism analysis indicates that digital inclusive finance can narrow the urban–rural income gap by increasing labor employment, resulting in higher farmer incomes, rather than through individual entrepreneurship and human capital investment. The findings of this study are crucial for improving digital inclusive financial development and adjusting urban–rural income distribution.

Adaptive introgression of a visual preference gene.

Visual preferences are important drivers of mate choice and sexual selection, but little is known of how they evolve at the genetic level. In this study, we took advantage of the diversity of bright warning patterns displayed by Heliconius butterflies, which are also used during mate choice. Combining behavioral, population genomic, and expression analyses, we show that two Heliconius species have evolved the same preferences for red patterns by exchanging genetic material through hybridization. Neural expression of regucalcin1 correlates with visual preference across populations, and disruption of regucalcin1 with CRISPR-Cas9 impairs courtship toward conspecific females, providing a direct link between gene and behavior. Our results support a role for hybridization during behavioral evolution and show how visually guided behaviors contributing to adaptation and speciation are encoded within the genome.

Abstract 1773: Deciphering the roles of germline predisposition variants and somatic mutations on breast cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment

Abstract While great progress has been made in the understanding and treatment of cancer, tumor heterogeneity remains a diagnostic and prognostic challenge. Single-cell sequencing techniques and high-resolution cellular imaging now afford researchers the ability to investigate the effects of germline variants (especially when compared to somatic mutations) on molecular characteristics of cancer cells and non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we investigated a breast cancer (BRCA) cohort of over 100 individuals, for which we have generated sc/sn RNA-seq, snATAC-seq, and CODEX imaging data as well as bulk whole exome sequencing and RNA-seq data. We identified 21 BRCA cases carrying pathogenic and likely pathogenic rare germline variants in known cancer predisposition genes, such as BRCA2, BRIP1, ATM, and TP53. These predisposition genes showed diverse expression patterns across stromal and immune cell types, indicating roles in cell types beyond breast epithelia. For cases carrying pathogenic germline variants in such genes, we use snRNA-seq/snATAC-seq to assess gene expression changes and pathway alterations (e.g.,HRD and apoptosis) across all cell types and investigate phenotypic changes associated with pathogenic germline variants in cancer cells compared to stroma and immune cells in the TME. By evaluating chromatin accessibility changes and allele-specific expression, we reveal the connection between epigenetic regulators and differential roles of germline variants across cell types. Finally, the integrated analysis of germline variants and somatic mutations from predisposition genes at single cell resolution broadened our understanding of the role of germline variants in TME during tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Fernanda Martins Rodrigues, Kelsey Gallant, Reyka Jayasinghe, Michael Iglesia, Andrew Houston, Siqi Chen, Preet Lal, Ryan Fields, William Gillanders, Feng Chen, Li Ding. Deciphering the roles of germline predisposition variants and somatic mutations on breast cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1773.

Comparative investigation on fire resistance of different fire prevention schemes for 1670 MPa steel wires used in bridge cables

This paper mainly investigated the fire resistance of different fire prevention schemes for 1670 MPa steel wires used in bridge cables. The fire resistance tests on bridge cables under different fire protection schemes were carried out. The failure modes and the varied patterns of temperature at different positions of the cables was studied, and the optimal design scheme of fire protection for bridge cables was also obtained. Furthermore, the tensile test of steel wire after fire was carried out to study the degradation law of mechanical properties of steel wire. The results showed that the cables undergo varying degrees of bending deformation after the fire, mainly due to the poor fire protection effect. The wrapping process of the fire protection scheme was a key factor affecting the protective effect. When the premature invalidation of the wrapping mode failed to occur, the aerogel material would have better thermal insulation behavior than the basalt fiber. The temperature rising rate of Schemes D (6 mm ceramic fiber aerogel tape), E (10 mm high silica glass aerogel tape) and F (10 mm nano thermal isolation felt-ceramic fiber aerogel) was relatively gentle, and the temperature of most measuring points within 4500s was not more than 300 °C. Based on the failure mode and the temperature of the cables, it could be judged that Schemes E and F were better than Schemes C (4 mm composite fiber fire-resistant isolation tape) and D while schemes A (4 mm basalt fiber needled felt) and B (4 mm aerogel tape) had the worst fire protection effect. Due to the surface temperature, the fracture morphology of steel wires after fire varied greatly, mainly divided into brittle fracture and ductile fracture. With the increase of temperature, the yield and ultimate strength of steel wire of Schemes A, B, C, D and E decreased greatly after fire, and along with a maximum decrease of 73.78% and 69.02% respectively.

Metamaterial Inspired Varactor-Tuned Antenna with Frequency Reconfigurability and Pattern Diversity.

A metamaterial-inspired varactor-tuned antenna with frequency reconfigurability and pattern diversity is designed. Two different versions of a reconfigurable structure are integrated into a single antenna to excite two different orthogonal patterns, which realizes pattern diversity for MIMO applications. The outer annular Composite Right-/Left-Handed Transmission Line (CRLH-TL) works at the 1 mode and provides a broadside pattern, and the inner circular radiator loaded with split ring resonators (SRR) operates at the 0 mode and radiates an omnidirectional pattern, which realizes pattern diversity. By using surface-mounted varactors, the operating frequencies for the two radiation patterns can be tuned over a wide frequency range, from 1.7 GHz to 2.2 GHz, covering the 1.71-2.17 GHz LTE band, and a low mutual coupling between the two radiators is achieved. The antenna has also been prototyped. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results, verifying the proposed concept. The dual-mode MIMO system equipped with the proposed antenna elements is discussed within the context of a 3-D channel model, and it shows a superior array compactness and spectral efficiency (SE) performance compared to scenarios with single-mode elements.

Persistence of collective memory of corporate bankruptcy events discussed on X (Twitter) is influenced by pre-bankruptcy public attention

Collective attention and memory involving significant events can be quantitatively studied via social media data. Previous studies analyzed user attention to discrete events that do not change post-event, and assume universal public attention patterns. However, dynamic events with ongoing updates are common, yielding varied individual attention patterns. We explore memory of U.S. companies filing Chapter 11 bankruptcy and being mentioned on X (formerly Twitter). Unlike discrete events, Chapter 11 entails ongoing financial changes as the company typically remains operational, influencing post-event attention dynamics. We collected 248,936 X mentions for 74 companies before and after each bankruptcy. Attention surged after bankruptcy, with distinct Low and High persistence levels compared with pre-bankruptcy attention. The two tweeting patterns were modeled using biexponential models, successfully predicting (F1-score: 0.81) post-bankruptcy attention persistence. Studying bankruptcy events on social media reveals diverse attention patterns, demonstrates how pre-bankruptcy attention affects post-bankruptcy recollection, and provides insights into memory of dynamic events.

Betanin Attenuates Epigenetic Mechanisms and UV-Induced DNA Fragmentation in HaCaT Cells: Implications for Skin Cancer Chemoprevention.

Dermal photoaging refers to the skin's response to prolonged and excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure, resulting in inflammation, changes to the tissue, redness, swelling, and discomfort. Betanin is the primary betacyanin in red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) and has excellent antioxidant properties. Yet, the specific molecular mechanisms of betanin in HaCaT cells have not been fully clarified. The objective of this study was to investigate the activity of betanin and the underlying mechanisms in HaCaT cells; furthermore, in this study, we explored the protective effect of various concentrations of betanin against UVB irradiation on HaCaT cells. Additionally, we assessed its influence on the transcription of various epigenetic effectors, including members of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) families. Our findings demonstrate a notable downregulation of genes in HaCaT cells, exhibiting diverse patterns upon betanin intake. We considered the involvement of DNMT and HDAC genes in distinct stages of carcinogenesis and the limited exploration of the effects of daily exposure dosages. Our results indicate that betanin may protect the skin from damage caused by UV exposure. Further investigation is essential to explore these potential associations.

Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths in Maryland (2018), by Industry and Occupation.

Opioid-related overdose deaths (OROD) increase annually, yet little is known about workplace risk factors. This study assessed differences in OROD rates across industry and occupation in Maryland, in addition to demographic differences within industry and occupation. The 2018 State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System was used to compare OROD between industries and occupations. The leading industries in OROD included the following: construction, manufacturing, and transportation and warehousing. Occupational groups were similar: construction and extraction, production, and transportation and material moving. There were also differences by sex (greater rates in men), age (greater rates in older workers), and race/ethnicity (varied patterns in rates). Employers and state leaders should work collaboratively to target prevention and intervention for workplaces at highest risk for OROD. Construction was highest and needs supports that respond to the workplace culture.

Influence of micro-texture radial depth variations on the tribological and vibration characteristics of rolling bearings under starved lubrication

Surface micro-texturing involves creating microscopic pits or textures, serving as lubricant reservoirs to enhance lubrication distribution, potentially reducing friction and wear. This study specifically delves into the influence of varied depth patterns of pits on the operational performance of textured rolling bearings under severe lubrication conditions. Five distinct patterns with a fixed pit diameter (250 µm) and different depth variations (concave, decreasing, increasing, convex, and horizontal) were introduced on the shaft rings of cylindrical roller thrust bearings using the laser marking method. Wear tests were conducted under starved lubrication condition. Wear loss and signal analysis highlight the profound effect of depth variations, whereby bearings with shallow pits near the outer side of their working surfaces exhibit longer lubrication times, improved tribological performance, and enhanced vibration characteristics. Notably, the convex pattern stands out for providing comprehensive and favorable tribological and vibration properties. This research contributes valuable insights for the optimal design of micro-textures for rolling bearings, paving the way for enhanced efficiency and reliability in mechanical systems.

DOD-Combo: Bayesian dose finding design in combination trials with meta-analytic-predictive prior

ABSTRACT Combination therapy, a treatment modality that involves multiple treatment agents, has become imperative for improving treatment effectiveness and addressing resistance in the field of oncology. However, determining the most effective dose for these combinations, particularly when dealing with intricate drug interactions and diverse toxicity patterns, presents a substantial challenge. This paper introduces a novel Bayesian dose-finding design for combination therapies with information borrowing, named the DOD-Combo design. Leveraging historical single-agent trials and the meta-analytic-predictive (MAP) power prior, our approach utilizes a copula-type model to connect individual drug priors with joint toxicity probabilities in combination treatments. The MAP power prior allows the integration of information from multiple historical trials, constructing informative priors for each agent. Extensive simulations confirm our method’s superior performance compared to combination designs with no information borrowing. By adaptively incorporating historical data, our approach reduces sample sizes and enhances efficiency in selecting the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), effectively addressing the intricate challenges presented by combination trials.

Diverse distribution patterns of segmental longitudinal strain are associated with different clinical features and outcomes in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) presents with diverse clinical courses, hardly predictable solely by the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). Longitudinal strain (LS) offers distinct information from LVEF and exhibits various distribution patterns. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of LS distribution patterns in DCM. We studied 139 patients with DCM (LVEF ≤ 35%) who were admitted for heart failure (HF). LS distribution was assessed using a bull's eye map and the relative apical LS index (RapLSI), calculated by dividing apical LS by the sum of basal and mid-LS values. We evaluated the associations of LS distribution with cardiac events (cardiac death, LV assist device implantation, or HF hospitalization) and LV reverse remodeling (LVRR), as indicated by subsequent LVEF changes. Twenty six (19%) and 29 (21%) patients exhibited a pattern of relatively apical impaired or preserved LS (defined by RapLSI < 0.25 or > 0.75, signifying a 50% decrease or increase in apical LS compared to other segments), and the remaining patients exhibited a scattered/homogeneously impaired LS pattern. The proportion of new-onset heart failure and LVEF differed between the three groups. During the median 595-day follow-up, patients with relatively-impaired apical LS had a higher rate of cardiac events (both log-rank p < 0.05) and a lower incidence of LVRR (both p < 0.01) compared to patients with other patterns. RapLSI was significantly associated with cardiac event rates after adjusting for age, sex, and new-onset HF or global LS. DCM patients with reduced EF and distinct distribution patterns of impaired LS experienced different outcomes.

Expanding the Biosynthetic Toolbox: The Potential and Challenges of In Vitro Type II Polyketide Synthase Research

Type II polyketide synthase (PKS) systems are a rich source of structurally diverse polycyclic aromatic compounds with clinically relevant antibiotic and chemotherapeutic properties. The enzymes responsible for synthesizing the polyketide core, known collectively as the minimal cassette, hold potential for applications in synthetic biology. The minimal cassette provides polyketides of different chain lengths, which interact with other enzymes that are responsible for the varied cyclization patterns. Additionally, the type II PKS enzyme clusters offer a wide repertoire of tailoring enzymes for oxidations, glycosylations, cyclizations, and rearrangements. This review begins with the variety of chemical space accessible with type II PKS systems including the recently discovered highly reducing variants that produce polyalkenes instead of the archetypical polyketide motif. The main discussion analyzes the previous approaches with an emphasis on further research that is needed to characterize the minimal cassette enzymes in vitro. Finally, the potential type II PKS systems hold the potential to offer new tools in biocatalysis and synthetic biology, particularly in the production of novel antibiotics and biofuels.

Urban and Rural Attitudes toward School Food

AbstractIn the social sciences, it is a classic practice to contrast the development of the countryside and the city as two endpoints of a chain. However, since the beginning of the 21st century, the validity of the rural-urban dichotomy has been increasingly questioned, and we are now talking about two interconnected and complementary systems instead. In examining contemporary school meals, we ourselves observed this close and varied pattern of intertwining between the city and the countryside. Therefore, we believe it is useful to identify rural and urban features in contemporary public catering practices, and to outline mixed models that can be placed between the two endpoints in space and time. All of this can be edifying because urbanized foodways, following current food health and gastronomic trends, sustainability, climate and environmental protection requirements, as well as social considerations, return from time to time to the old village farming practices and foodways in various ways, and utilize knowledge related to traditional farming. Illustrated with specific examples, the study outlines three types of school catering models, from the oldest practice called “rural” to the “urban” (urbanized) type. A comparison of these types of public catering practices reveals the problems observed in today’s public catering.

Tuning (Anti)Aromaticity: Variations on the [8]-Circulene Framework.

Optoelectronic properties of organic molecules are underpinned by delocalisation and delocalisability of π-electrons. These properties are sensitive to small changes in electron count, whether achieved by heteroatom substitution or redox chemistry. One measure of the delocalisability of π-electrons is the current induced by an external magnetic field, which is diagnostic of (anti)aromaticity. The ab initio ipsocentric method is used here to model diverse ring-current patterns in the family of [8]-circulenes based on tetracyclopenta[def,jkl,pqr,vwx]tetraphenylene (TCPTP), in different charge states, with disjoint hetero-atom substitution, and with CC units systematically replaced by BN pairs. Maps calculated at the CHF/CTOCD-DZ2/6-31G** level reveal that these modifications of the TCPTP framework access the full range of possibilities for current from concentric global circulations (typically counter rotating) to full (non-aromatic) localisation. In the ipsocentric approach, induced current density is partitioned into robust orbital contributions that obey selection rules based on orbital symmetry, energy and nodal character. The selection rules are applied here to interpret current-density and exploit insights gained from simpler models to suggest design strategies for fine-tuning of π-delocalisability (aromaticity and antiaromaticity) in macrocyclic frameworks.