Patriotic Research Articles

Dead Rescuers: The Commemoration of Poles Who Lost Their Lives Saving Jews During the Second World War

After their electoral victory in 2015, the Law and Justice party started a counter-revolution in historical policy, intended to undermine critical historiography on the Holocaust. As a result, “dead rescuers,” Poles who lost their lives saving Jews during the Second World War, are commemorated by a host of institutions: a government-sponsored research institute, museums, and the Catholic Church. This commemoration borrows its aesthetics from earlier practices established in Holocaust memory: post-traumatic architecture, lists of victims, and micro-history to boost national pride and defend the good name of Poland abroad. Memory actors receive financial support from the government, becoming a mouthpiece for its reclaiming of the past for ethnonationalist ends.

Popnacjonalizm, czyli elementy dyskursu (re)konstrukcji amerykańskiego poczucia tożsamości narodowej w wybranych filmach hollywoodzkich

This article is dedicated to the idea of pop-nationalism and the connection between popular culture and how its productions (re)construct the American sense of national identity. The study is divided into subsections that delve into topics such as national identity in the current, fragmented social reality, the role of films in propagating American values during times of major socio-political crises, and the concept of banal nationalism according to Michael Billig. To analyze the elements of discourse, three films were chosen – Rocky IV (dir. Sylvester Stallone, 1985), Top Gun (dir. Tony Scott, 1986), and American Sniper (dir. Clint Eastwood, 2014). The research findings indicate that Hollywood films have a significant impact on building and reinforcing a sense of national pride and belonging in American society. Pop-nationalism is often used for entertainment purposes but also as a propaganda tool, especially during periods of international conflicts and political tensions.

Российская идентичность в общественном сознании населения Бурятии

This article touches upon the issue of the Russian identity of the residents of Buryatia. It is based on the results of a sociological study conducted in October – November 2023 in the republic. The theoretical and methodo-logical foundations for analyzing Russian identity and patriotism as its emotional manifestation are considered. The high level of Russian identity of the population of the republic and its positive dynamics compared to 2018 are revealed, the resources of consolidation of the regional community are determined. Conclusion dwells up-on the state-civic type of Russian identity and the republic’s inclusion in the all-Russian processes. It has been established that patriotic sentiments are widespread in the republic and traditional ideas about patriotism are characteristic, first of all, as love for the Motherland and pride in it.

A Lyrical View of History

Objectives: The primary objectives of this article are to explore and highlight the rich cultural and educational history of Uzbek literature, with a specific focus on the themes of the Motherland, freedom, and independence in Uzbek poetry over the past century. The artist's creative concept, particularly in relation to these themes, will be examined to understand the depth and significance of their contributions.
 
 Methods: The methods employed in achieving the objectives involve a detailed analysis of the poet's works, specifically focusing on lyrical scenes from history expressed through beautiful and vivid language. The article delves into the wide and colorful range of themes present in the poet's work, emphasizing pride in being a child of the Motherland. The exploration includes an examination of the poet's use of unique and colorful lines to glorify the pathos of the Motherland, expressing love for the oasis where the poet was born, namely the beautiful nature of Surkhan, and the poet's anthem.
 
 Results: The results of the analysis reveal a multifaceted portrayal of the Motherland in the poet's poetry. The symbol of the Motherland is intricately woven with its historical roots, reflecting a harmonious blend of the long past with modernity. The poet's verses celebrate the freedom of the Motherland and express a deep connection to the Uzbek spirit through simple and sincere expressions. The article showcases the poet's ability to convey a sense of national pride and appreciation for the Motherland through the exploration of various themes and historical elements.
 
 Conclusion: In conclusion, the article summarizes the findings of the analysis, emphasizing the significance of the themes of the Motherland, freedom, and independence in Uzbek poetry. The poet's contributions to literature are highlighted, showcasing how the artist effectively communicates the pride and love for the Motherland through rich and colorful verses. The article underscores the enduring relevance of these themes and their portrayal in the poet's work, contributing to the cultural and literary heritage of Uzbekistan.

Effectiveness of using archival documents in the primary sources of information about the Irevan Khanate

Archival documents play the role of an irreplaceable source in expanding spiritual wealth, horizons, historical consciousness, national self-awareness and national pride of a person, as well as a reliable information base for conducting historical research. An analysis of information resources about the Iravan Khanate shows that our republic has accumulated significant experience and expanded the scope of this topic. The creation of information sources dedicated to the Iravan Khanate is a contribution to replenishing the documentary fund of our republic, being part of the documentary and information resources of Azerbaijan. Archival documents and archives, which are people's memory and written memory, represent a collection of cultural values of the nation. In the research work devoted to the effectiveness of using archival documents in primary sources of information about the Khanate of Iravan, we see that archival documents are sufficiently used in primary sources - books, periodicals. Archives, which play the role of an important social institution for society, as well as research centers that store multidisciplinary and universal information, provide access to retrospective information of the state and citizens, influence political, socio-economic and cultural life. Development of the country, increase management efficiency, play the role of a guarantor of social rights. The article also provides an analysis of books that use archival documents and provides examples of archival documents.

Message from the Editor-in-Chief

Another year has passed quickly, and I’d like to take this moment to ask all of us to reflect upon the highlights of our professional and personal year. Too often we progress from deadline to deadline, significant dates and events, and once passed, we fail to remember and again enjoy these highlights that defined parts of our year. In our hometowns and on the broader global scale, some of us may remember events with mixed feelings and regret, whilst others rejoice with national pride. As such, our work as academics to disseminate important research findings and promote our cultural diversity and knowledges, is more important than ever. The IJHE continues to provide an important forum for the development of theory, the addressing of policy questions, and the dissemination of innovative practice in the field of tertiary education, specifically widening participation and lifelong learning. I am proud to be a part of the successful promotion of widening participation in tertiary education and lifelong learning.

Relacje Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej z wybranymi państwami koalicji rewizjonistycznej – studium przypadku na przykładzie Rosji, Pakistanu oraz Iranu

The People’s Republic of China’s relations with selected members of the revistionary coalition – a case study on the example of Russia, Pakistan and Iran There are many indications that China’s unquestionable successes in expanding its own reserve of economic and military power have simultaneously awakened the national pride and ambitions of the Chinese people. This, however, has led to an awareness of China’s limited ability to shape the international environment and to pursue its own interests in the international arena. As a result, the Chinese have adopted a revisionist policy with the aim of finally undermining the existing global order – after all, the ultimate goal is to achieve the position of hegemon (with all the benefits and responsibilities that implies). It should be noted, however, that a change of hegemon can only occur through a hegemonic war – which will result in the emergence of a new prestige hierarchy with a pretender as the new world leader. To prepare for a hegemonic clash, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is constantly expanding its economic and military influence (both internally and externally). Above all, China is trying to attract other dissatisfied states into its own coalition, forming the so‑called „revisionist coalition”. To do so, the Chinese offer other countries potentially lucrative trade deals, extensive investment, low- or no‑interest loans and development assistance. This paper intends to popularize the author’s perspective on hegemonic change within international relations – termed „hegemonic realism” as it best reflects the assumptions of the proposed theory. These theoretical assumptions and the author’s model of hegemonic change will be used in the rest of the article to analyze the dynamics of the relations between selected revisionist states and China as a contender for global hegemony. The author’s thesis is that states join the revisionist coalition in order to increase their own military and economic power. The case study will focus on China’s relations with Russia, Pakistan and Iran – all of which are seen by the author as key allies of the PRC on the Asian continent – due to their resources of power and revisionist policies. The study used secondary research sources, including academic publications and journalistic articles in Polish and English. Three methods were used in the research process: comparative analysis, historical‑critical method and desk research method.

Música del Mariachi: Conservator of Mexican Culture and Heritage

Mariachi music, its profound texts, rhythms, and mestizaje (racial mixture) preserve Mexican culture and heritage. Mariachi music is synonymous with Mexico. Both birthed through a violent beginning of forced assimilation and mestizaje, mariachi is one of the foremost symbols of Mexican national pride. Mariachi’s lyrics and distinctive rhythms, share and preserve a story of survival, cradle ancestral epistemologies, all that is Mexico, its Indigenous, Spanish, and African roots and history pre and post 1821. And just as in the study of any other music, language, or culture, it is consequential that precise, literal, translations (scores) of mariachi music, research, and other scholarly, cultivated resources are accessible to all Mexican descent people, especially Chicana/x/o students and those who teach them. Culturally relevant curriculum fosters identity and inclusivity and promotes academic success. However, as it pertains to music education, western European music history, theory, notation, and praxes dominate. With over 62 million Hispanics living in the United States, 62% of Mexican descent, it is dire to create decolonized music spaces that offer more than a single narrative. And within these spaces, it is crucial that quality resources are provided equitably. Because of its popularity and adoption as core curriculum in schools around the United States, amassing quality mariachi educational resources, musical scores and transcriptions, and other curricular materials is central to Mexican descent student success. In this article, I describe common mariachi song forms, their region of origin, meter, text structure and offer rhythmic analyses and examples for notating them.

‘Hybrid war’, military humanitarianism, and epistemic friction. Framing illegalised migration on the Polish-Belarusian border

ABSTRACT This article aims to contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of the ‘humanitarian border’ in its specific local context of Polish nationalism and the use of patriotic sentiments to justify violence at the border. The intensification of asylum-seeker migration from Asia and Africa on the EU's eastern border, triggered by the Lukashenka regime since the summer of 2021, was quickly dubbed as ‘hybrid war’, enabling the Polish government to take decisive military action against border crossers. The justification for this violence became both the patriotic duty, expressed in national idioms, and the discursively produced humanitarian concern for refugees whose lives and health were threatened precisely by the harshness of border controls. The labelling of repression and violence as the heroism and care of the Polish uniformed services, present both in the discursive framework of the description of the ‘crisis’ by the government media and in the cooperation of border guards with humanitarian actors, has become a specific form of ‘epistemic borderwork’. The grassroots solidarity movement that opposes these hegemonic discourses seeks to create counter-narratives highlighting the state's illegal actions and the refugees’ right to freedom of movement.

She is a Beijing girl: an examination of how Eileen Gu’s Chinese identity was constructed in Chinese media during the Beijing 2022 Olympics

Eileen Gu received a widespread public attention as an American-born snowboarder that won 3 medals in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics representing China. Building on the conceptual and historical frameworks of sports and nation-building, and taking Eileen Gu as a case-study, this article analyzes through critical discourse analysis how Chinese mainstream media portrayed Eileen Gu’s image and her Chinese identity. The results show that during the 2022 Beijing Olympics, Chinese media constructed Eileen Gu’s Chinese identity through a pluralistic approach: her success is connected with national pride, Chinese food, family relations and kinship, friendship, excellence in study and Chinese totems. We conclude that in the context of sport being an important vehicle for China’s nation-building, this country is expanding the boundaries of Chinese/China through sports storytelling and the naturalization of athletes, linking sporting success to the ‘rejuvenation of China’.

Management of Sports Activities at the University Level for Popularizing and Promoting Sports Culture in India

Sports have been recognized as an indispensable part of a university in India, which can generate feelings of national pride and identity. Developing and promoting sports culture and creating a vibrant sports atmosphere at the university level is critical to professionally managing university sports activities. Jadavpur University, as an Indian university, adopted some significant steps to manage university sports activities for developing and promoting the Indian sports culture. Some criteria were recommended in this university sports policies, like sports quota admission, relaxation of percentage/marks/ranks, and attendance after university participation in sports. Several plans were executed to motivate sportspersons, such as a sports inspiration program, enhancement of allowances, special incentives to the medal winners, the award for best sports person trophy, releasing sports activities report annually, and induction of a sports board tag on the university website. For professional staff resource management of sports, various qualified part-time coaches, trainers, and instructors are appointed for different sports events as and when required. There are sports board members and technical and supportive staff to perform the functional activities of university sports. Several methods were applied to manage sports facilities by providing hiring and support services, inculcating informal events, organizing intra-mural sports activities, conducting university coaching programs, celebrating Independence Week with sports events, etc.Several initiatives were taken to manage sports infrastructure and funds for implementing sports fees, undertaking sports projects, hosting A.I.U. Inter-university events with sponsorship, collaborative sports programs with other organizations, and joint sports ventures with commercial companies. It was observed that after implementing all the above activities, the number of sports participants and achievements had increased, sports facilities and infrastructure developed, the economic growth of the University improved, and the progressive promotion of sports culture reached a new height.

Concerning Patriotic Education of Youth in the Educational Environment of the University

The article outlines the relevance of civic-patriotic education of student youth in new socio-political realities. The purpose of the study to develop a model for organizing a competition (festival) of social advertising, to determine its communicative potential in the system of educational work of the university. To do this, it draws on materials from both domestic and international scientists, as well as examples of successful social contests and festivals held in Russian society. Over the course of the study, the dynamics of patriotic sentiments in Russian society were also defined. Determined are the features and significance of higher educational institutions as resource centres for the development of a patriotic culture and enhancing its significance for young people. The practices of patriotic education in the country’s higher education system have been investigated. The necessity of using innovative technologies and tools for creating a communicative environment of patriotic education along with traditional classes is substantiated. It is determined that the inclusion of sociocultural design in the educational process meets a request of a modern student for proactive learning. The educational and educative potential of competitive and festival activities is analysed. As a tool for helping students develop their value orientations, a model for organizing and running social advertising competitions is proposed. The emphasis is on the need to attract students to the direct organisation of competitive events. The necessity of popularising the results of competitions both by the organisers, partners and direct participants is substantiated. It is concluded that student participation in social advertising competitions and festivals contributes to the development of constructive patriotism, as well as the formation of civic responsibility and youth social activity. The prospects for further research are established.

The Mediating Role of Satisfaction between Emotional Values, Social Values, and Behavioral Intentions of Muslim Students

The study focuses on the behavior of Muslim students’ intentions to revisit halal tourist attractions that have added value. Additionally, it explores the act of revisiting Borobudur Temple as a means of fostering a sense of patriotism and national pride. This study contributes to the existing body of literature on perceived value by investigating the relationship between emotional values, social values, and satisfaction as a mediating factor. The study involves a significant number of participants, including 115 Muslim students living in the Java province. The existing circumstances are transitioning into the new normal, requiring the ongoing implementation of environmental health policies due to the presence of COVID-19. The data analysis utilizing Partial Least Squares (PLS) reveals that emotional and social values have a positive impact on Muslim students’ intention to engage in repetitive behavior. This study also found that there was an indirect influence of the satisfaction variable as a mediation. The primary elements that contribute to enhancing the motives of Muslim students to revisit Borobudur Temple are behavioral intentions and the satisfaction of Muslim visitors. Furthermore, it is essential for stakeholders in tourism-related businesses to enhance awareness and support the development of halal tourism by offering halal tourism services and recognizing its potential as a thriving sector within the tourism industry.

British Political Rhetoric in the Perspective of Cultural Specificity

Existing research in the field of political communication and rhetoric often focuses on general principles and strategies of the speech, leaving aside cultural-specific considerations. This study is aimed at analyzing the discursive characteristics of British public political rhetoric, which will fill this gap and expand knowledge about the relationship between language, culture, and politics. The work aims to identify the discursive features of the British public political speech from the perspective of its cultural specificity. The results of the study show that, despite the universal nature of the public political rhetoric, British public political speeches differ in certain specifics. The speeches of British politicians are marked by features characteristic of each type in the structure of the text, the use of vivid rhetorical techniques, strict adherence to the protocol, emphasis on the sense of national pride, as well as some unique attributes. This study provides a deeper understanding of the role of language and cultural factors in political communication, and it is also able to expand the theoretical foundations in the field of linguistics and political science.
 The article is intended for researchers and specialists in the field of linguistics, rhetoric, and political communication. It can also serve as a useful resource for students, postgraduates, and teachers interested in a detailed analysis of the discursive characteristics of British political rhetoric.

The Formation of National Pride in The People of Central Asia: An Academic Perspective

Objectives: The primary objective of this article is to comprehensively explore the formation of national pride in Central Asian people. The focus is on academic investigation, aiming to uncover the historical, cultural, and socio-political contexts that have played pivotal roles in shaping the development of national identity and pride within this region. The article aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted factors influencing Central Asians' sense of pride.
 
 Methods: To achieve the stated objectives, the study employs a methodological approach that involves delving into various dimensions of Central Asian history and culture. Methodologies include examining language dynamics, religious influences, the impact of colonial legacies, the significance of cultural heritage, and the role of political movements. By employing a multidimensional analysis, the article aims to capture the complex interplay of factors contributing to the formation of national pride.
 
 Results: The results of this study present a nuanced and comprehensive understanding of the characteristics that have contributed to the formation of national pride in Central Asian people. The examination of historical, cultural, and socio-political factors provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics shaping the region's sense of identity. The results highlight the multifaceted nature of Central Asian national pride, acknowledging the diverse influences that have played roles in its development.
 
 Conclusion: In conclusion, the article synthesizes the findings by underlining the significance of understanding the complexities surrounding the formation of national pride in Central Asian people. The multifaceted factors explored, including language, religion, colonial legacy, cultural heritage, and political movements, collectively contribute to the intricate tapestry of Central Asian identity. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a holistic and context-aware perspective when analyzing national pride, recognizing its dynamic nature and the interplay of diverse influences within Central Asia. Overall, the article contributes to the academic discourse on identity formation and national pride in the region.

Contested intangible heritage: equestrian sport and animal welfare in Mexico

ABSTRACT Heritage is a cultural process that is constantly exposed to contestation and therefore to reconstruction, resignification and repositioning. This paper goes beyond anthropocentric interpretations and recognises that heritage often involves other species in human-defined heritage practices. Based on an ethnographic approach, this study examines how contemporary practitioners of Charrería – a Mexican equestrian sport – embrace their intangible cultural heritage and problematise some of the interactions between the species involved. It evidences how Charrería participants navigate tensions between national identity and pride in their cultural heritage, on the one hand, and the ethics of involving other animals in sport and human heritage, on the other. The animal ethics issues involved threaten not only the social licence to operate of Charrería as a sport, but also the status and preservation of Charrería as heritage. This paper concludes that international and national organisations that institutionalise heritage play important roles in guiding efforts to protect and maintain intangible cultural heritage while addressing the changing ethical demands of interspecies relationships.

An Exploration of the Connotation Characteristics of Data Civics and Its Effects in the Digital Era

Abstract In this paper, the variational self-encoder is dissected, and the depth-embedded variational self-clustering model based on it is constructed, and the loss function and optimization function are designed. By enhancing the information of textual semantic representation, the semantic enhancement module is constructed based on the deep variational inference algorithm, the network structure of the semantic enhancement module is designed, and the SEVAE model of textual clustering based on the semantic embedding of DataSmart is constructed by combining textual clustering layer and dataSmart connotation. On this basis, the comparative experiments of the SEVAE model are constructed to analyze the convergence and clustering performance of the constructed model, explore the connotative features of Data Sensemaking, and analyze the effect of Data Sensemaking through empirical evidence. The results show that the clustering assignment process converges at the 20th iteration round, which significantly improves the feature representation, divides the 8483 texts into 3 groups, and the Data Thinking has the characteristics of Data Thinking, Data Information, and Data Quantification, with a positive, positive effect of P<0.1 for all the control indicators. Data Thinking has the power to promote patriotic sentiment, patriotism, and social cognition.

The application of big data technology in the innovation and effect analysis of art teaching mode in colleges and universities

Abstract In this paper, for the common behaviors of students in classroom teaching, deep learning and the improved student behavior detection algorithm based on YOLOv5s are used to transform the source data into another high-level and high-abstract data expression to realize the detection of students’ behavior in class. Then, taking into account the real conditions of college students and the internal logic of deep learning and classroom teaching, we sort out the target conditions of college students’ deep learning and their brand-new requirements for college classroom teaching and innovate the art teaching mode in colleges and universities. The innovative art teaching mode is applied in the art classroom teaching of W College of Fine Arts, and the teaching effect is analyzed. The results show that the mean values of students’ evaluation in the five core literacy skills of image literacy, art expression, aesthetic judgment, creative practice, and cultural understanding increased by 12.6, 14.95, 17.66, 12.27, and 19.1 points after the innovation compared with those before the innovation. The above data show that the innovation of art teaching mode can enhance students’ motivation to learn and stimulate their creative passion, thus cultivating their creative ability, making students learn to inherit and carry forward the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, and enhancing their cultural self-confidence and national pride.

The Peculiarities of Upbringing Cadets in the Spirit of National Pride in the Process of Teaching Military Sciences

The paper highlights the significance of reforms as a crucial social and pedagogical requirement for enhancing the education of trainees (cadets) in the context of fostering national pride within the framework of teaching military sciences in educational institutions affiliated with the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the present day.

Maintenance of National Values, the Role of Indonesian Language as Nationalism

Understanding the position and function of Indonesia can be the basis for fostering a spirit of nationalism among young people and students. In this case, Indonesian has two positions, namely as a national language and a state language. In its position as a national language, the language functions as a symbol of national pride, national identity, a means of communication between citizens, between regions and between cultures, and a means of unifying ethnicity, culture and language in the archipelago. Meanwhile, in its position as a state language, Indonesian functions as an official state language, a language of education, a means of communication at the national level and a tool for developing culture, science and technology. Remembering the importance of the position and function of the Indonesian language, the author invites young people and students to maintain and continue to develop so that the Indonesian language continues to survive and develop in the future