In Armenian history of the 18th century the elucidation of relationships between Constantinople Patriarchate and Etchmiadzin Catholicosate is of pivotal significance. When the Constantinople patriarchate was headed by Hovhannes Kolot and Hakob Nalian (from 1715 up to the beginning of the 1770s) its standing and influence increased among the priesthood of the Mother See of Etchmiadzin. The two essential institutions were under the jurisdiction of Ottoman Turkey and Persia and it was in this period that the internal and external policies were changing constantly in these countries. The Etchmiadzin Catholicosate, being under adverse political circumstances ceded its influence to the rivaling Constantinople Patriarchate that was in more favorable conditions. Since Karapet Ulentsi’s election (1726) up to the rule of the Catholicos Simeon Yerevantsi the Constantinople Patriarchate managed to take control over Etchmiadzin (new regulations for appointing Catholicosses which entailed immediate mediation of the Constantinople Patriarchate, supervising the financial, administrative activities of the Catholicosate, etc.) The situation drastically changed when Simeon Yerevantsi and Ghukas Karnetsi became the head of the Etchmiadzin Catholicosate (the second half of the 18th century). It was then that the Armenians of Diaspora realized that it was necessary to recover the traditional standing and influence of Etchmiadzin Catholicosate.