With the continuous development of social economy, the heat exchanger in refrigeration equipment is also changing with each passing day. However, the traditional heat exchanger has some problems, such as low utilization rate of heat exchange tubes, low work efficiency, and large energy waste. In view of the above problems, we have carried out a series of optimization designs: for the fluid in the tube side, we have used the U-shaped heat exchange tube to increase the distance of the fluid from the inlet to the outlet, and made full use of all the heat exchange tubes by using the baffle double compartment, which has reduced the phenomenon that the heat exchange tubes do not go through the fluid in the traditional heat exchanger; For the air fluid in the shell side, we have added two-thirds of baffle plates in the shell side. The baffle plates are sleeved on the heat exchange tubes and are located in the middle of the inlet and outlet (not more than the inlet and outlet). Six baffle plates are used to change the path of fluid flow in the shell side, slow down the fluid speed in the shell side, make their time from the flow inlet to the flow outlet increase significantly, thus making the heat exchange time longer, The heat exchange efficiency increases. After our analysis and design, compared with the traditional heat exchanger, my new shell and tube heat exchanger has higher work efficiency, greatly improved heat transfer efficiency, and significantly reduced energy waste.