Patents For Inventions Research Articles

Does Carbon Trading Lead to Green Technology Innovation: Recent Evidence From Chinese Companies in Resource-Based Industries

The carbon emission trading scheme (ETS) is critical to China's ability to reach the established carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions reduction goal by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. To determine whether the pilot ETS policy promulgated in China in 2011 has induced green technological innovation, we conducted a multidimensional empirical test to assess the financial and green patent licensing data of Chinese A-share (publicly listed) enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2004 to 2019. Using a difference-in-difference model with robustness checks, we did not find that the pilot ETS has had green innovation effects on entire industries or all manufacturing. However, we did identify significant green innovation improvements in some resource-based industrial enterprises, and the promotion effect led to more green utility models than green invention patents. Furthermore, the policy's greatest green-innovation effects are reflected primarily in new patents/utility models for low-carbon, energy-saving, and alternative energy technologies, particularly among large and nonstate enterprises. The impact mechanism tests indicate that the pilot policy encourages green innovation primarily through four policy instruments: increasing benefit income for resource-based industrial enterprises, reducing financial constraints, granting subsidies, and increasing incentives for enterprise R&D. Therefore, this article not only confirms the effectiveness of carbon emission trading market policy, but also provides scientific guidance for the realization of green technology innovation.

Study on the role of “pre-incubators” in a high-quality vocational education system based on an information diffusion model

Abstract From the perspective of integrating social resources, the pre-incubator provides specialized training for college talents through in-depth cooperation between enterprises or governments and colleges and universities and guides the high-quality development of the vocational education system. This paper puts forward the basic model of information diffusion, based on the construction of an incubator network, combined with the role of incubator network nodes, and puts forward the information diffusion model of a “pre-incubator” network based on information content. The network structure of “pre-incubator” knowledge diffusion is analyzed with respect to the interest-matching degree of information content. Combined with the intrinsic connection between “pre-incubator” and a high-quality education system, we analyze the functional positioning of “pre-incubator” in higher vocational education. Combined with the descriptive statistics, analyze the role of “pre-incubator” on university-enterprise cooperation and innovation quality. The statistics show that the mean value of the number of patents of higher vocational institutions is 2.954, and the number of joint invention patents of university-enterprise is 0.721, and the estimation results show that, compared with the universities without higher vocational “pre-incubator”, the quality of innovation of the universities relying on the higher vocational “pre-incubator” is significantly improved after the establishment of the higher vocational “pre-incubator”. The results show that the quality of innovation of the universities based on the higher vocational “pre-incubator” is significantly improved after the establishment of the higher vocational “pre-incubator” compared with that of the universities without it.

Treatment Of Oil-Containing Industrial Wastewater In Thin-Layer Oil Traps

In this article, oil production facilities and refineries are essentially the facilities where the most chemical processes are carried out and pollution is high. While oil is obtained in these facilities, the pollutants mixed with the water containing the oil are of great importance. While these waters contaminated during the production of petroleum and petroleum products are discharged to the receiving environment through different channels and collectors, this situation can cause serious problems in channels and collectors. Studies are carried out to prevent the pollution in these waters contaminated with oil and its derivatives from damaging the system. It is aimed to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the newly designed soft layer oil trap, which is different from the previously used ones, by performing experimental studies for the application. The description of the new design of the thin layer oil trap and the results of production tests at different operating flow rates in the inter-plate gap are presented. As a result of the experiments and analytical evaluations, the new system is found to be very successful in oil refining. Its advantages over existing horizontal oil traps are proved. A detailed analysis of available patent materials and information in technical literature shows that it is possible to create a more complete and compact construction of thin mud oil tanks. The facility created by us differs from other similar ones due to its compactness, simplicity of operation and higher cleaning efficiency. The device received invention patents of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Vasily G. Trushechkin – founder of Russian berry growing, innovator and scientifi c leader (100 th anniversary of his birth)

The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Vasily Trushechkin – Hero of the Soviet Union, Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of Science and Technology, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Agric.), Professor, Director of the Regional Research Institute of Horticulture in the Non-Black Earth Zone (presently—the Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery). He was a well-known Russian scientist who made a significant contribution to the theoretical and practical foundations of mechanized cultivation and harvesting of berry crops, as well as the production of healthy planting material of fruit and berry crops. In the years of scientific activity, Vasily Trushechkin supervised 40 candidates and 5 doctors of sciences, published 250 scientific works, as well as obtained 38 inventor’s certificates and two patents for inventions. The scientific legacy of Vasily Trushechkin still finds application today in solving modern horticultural problems.

Accelerated green patent examination and innovation benefits: An analysis of private economic value and public environmental benefits

The green patent fast-track (GPFT) system is an improvement of the traditional patent examination system in the field of green innovation. Based on the unique perspective of “private provision of public goods,” this paper constructs a framework for the impact of GPFT on the economic value and environmental benefits of green patents. Based on adopting an improved patent renewal model to calculate the economic value of green invention patents, we use a dataset of 278 Chinese cities from 2006 to 2019 and adopt the intensity differences-in-differences model to test the economic and environmental effects of GPFT. Our results suggest that GPFT increases the private economic value of green patents, which is more significant in resource-based and financially developed cities. Furthermore, GPFT improves the economic gains of corporate green patents, but reduces these of public institutions' green patents. Local protectionism cannot be ruled out. The results of the environmental benefits investigation indicate that GPFT suppresses SO2 and CO2 emissions, and the economic effect of GPFT does not crowd out its public environmental benefits; conversely, it has a positive mediating effect in this relationship. This research provides an important reference for other economies to implement or optimize GPFT to stimulate green innovation.

Author’s innovative technical solutions in the field of ecology and life safety for use in fuel-burning and ash-collecting devices

The study reviews and recommends fundamentally new technical solutions in the field of ecology and safety in the technosphere, confirmed by patents for inventions and utility models developed by scientists and graduate students of the Department of Technosphere Safety of the Far Eastern State Transport University. Innovative developments that are of practical interest and deserve attention include installations for preparing water-oil emulsions for combustion, energy-saving devices for environmentally friendly combustion of liquid fuels, rational designs of low-toxic gas and oil burners, as well as effective filter-cyclone and group cyclone devices for purification of flue gases from coal and fuel oil boiler and furnace units.

Критериальные аспекты производства сырных продуктов специализированного назначения

The cheese production industry is currently expanding its range of highly-competitive functional products. As a result, it needs to embrace new raw materials and develop new methods of economic assessment. Cheese quality depends on various production criteria while product sales depend on effective risk management mechanisms. The current research featured risk criteria for a new functional cheese. The research objective was to develop a set of production efficiency indicators. The study was performed on the premises of the Department for Animal Feeding and Private Animal Science, Omsk State Agrarian University (Omsk, Russian Federation), and relied on standard sensory, chemical, and microbiological studies. The controlled factors included enzymic operations and their effect on the active acidity and shelf life of the finished product. The resulting risk management tools were able to minimize the effect of hazardous factors at this stage of production on the quality of the finished product. The scientific novelty was confirmed by patent for invention No. 2791553 C1, 03/10/2023.

Representation and effectiveness based on big data analytics: optimizing the construction of leadership team structures

Abstract The optimization of leadership team structure is the research object of this paper, and the regression model in big data analysis is explored as the research method. Neighboring sample information is introduced through the network structure diagram, the regression model with neighboring sample information is constructed, the corresponding estimation method of regression coefficients is proposed, and the proof of the error bounds of the proposed estimation is given. Finally, the method is applied to analyze the results after optimizing the corporate leadership team structure. It includes regression analysis of the non-heterogeneous, heterogeneous, and overall structures of the leadership team and examines the moderating effect of salary heterogeneity on the results. The results show that the number of applications for invention patents and the number of authorized patents in the enterprise reaches 3 times to 5 times the number before the change, respectively, and in the regression analysis of the heterogeneous structure of the leadership team on the development of the enterprise R 2 =0.134, F value=2.186, which indicates that the heterogeneity of the years of working experience has a very significant positive effect on the development of the enterprise.

Bank Digital Transformation and Enterprise Innovation—Evidence from China

With the rapid advancement of digital technology, the banking industry has embarked on a journey of digital transformation. While existing literature primarily examines how these changes impact the banks themselves, our study focuses on a relatively unexplored aspect: the direct influence of bank digital transformation on the performance and behavior of borrowing enterprises. The research objective of this study is to explore the influence of bank digital transformation on the innovation performance of borrowing enterprises and the underlying mechanisms. Leveraging data from Chinese listed companies and commercial banks, we find a positive effect of bank digital transformation on enterprise innovation output as measured by firms’ patent applications. The findings remain robust across alternative model specifications, controls for regional digital economy development levels, and bank financial performance, as well as alternative measures of bank digital transformation. Mechanism tests show that bank digital transformation contributes to corporate innovation by alleviating corporate financial constraints and improving corporate governance. Further research demonstrates that bank digital transformation also helps promote corporate innovation efficiency as measured by the proportion of patent output to total R&D input and corporate innovation output as measured by firms’ invention patent applications and patent grants. Additionally, borrowing firms’ own digital transformations may substitute for bank digital transformation in their effect on innovations.

Empirical insights into industrial policy's influence on phytoprotection innovation.

Intelligent Phytoprotection is an important direction for the modern development of plant protection related disciplines, and its essence is the innovative application of new generation information technology industry, high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and digital industry related technologies in the traditional plant protection field. This article first identifies 224 International Patent Classification (IPC) Main groups in the field of intelligent phytoprotection technology based on the International Patent Classification System. And then combines with China's industrial policy practice, we explore the impact of industrial policy on the application number of invention patents in the field of intelligent phytoprotection technology using the Difference-in-difference (DID) method and the Synthetic DID method. The study results showed that the implementation of industrial policy can significantly promote the patent application activities in the intelligent phytoprotection treatment group, with an average increase of 517 invention patent applications compared to the control group that is not affected by the policy. The research conclusion of this article suggests that for countries and regions, industrial policies are an important tool for promoting the innovation and development of intelligent phytoprotection related technologies.

Analysis of factors affecting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities based on structural equation modeling

Abstract Based on structural equation modeling, this paper measures and evaluates the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities in terms of implicit and explicit variables. The PLS algorithm is used to measure the intrinsic factor, which is designed to follow the Gaussian distribution and reach the expected value through iterative loops. The indicators and parameters of the explicit variables are evaluated by combining the principal component analysis and the great likelihood method. According to the results, the factors that are influenced by the policy environment account for 16.5%, while the problem of capital investment accounts for 36.3%. The number of invention patents increased by 8.93% after measuring and assessing them using the method presented in this paper. It demonstrates that universities can explore their technological achievements in depth and enhance their scientific research level.

Does environmental pollution liability insurance affect corporate green innovation? New evidence from China

The effect of the development of green finance (GF) on the green transformation of corporations has been a key research issue in recent years. This study is based on a list of companies insured under the environmental pollution liability insurance (EPI) announced by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (formerly the Ministry of Environmental Protection) in 2014 and 2015. Considering A-share listed companies in China as research samples and using the DID model, we investigate the impact of EPI on corporate green innovation (CGI). The results show that EPL can significantly promote the green innovation level of insured corporations, mainly reflected in two aspects of green invention patents and green utility model patents; this positive effect is more obvious in non-state-owned, heavily polluting, and patent-intensive corporations. These results hold after the robustness test. The mechanism analysis reveals that EPL promotes corporate green innovation by alleviating corporate financing constraints. This study provides new evidence for the role of GF in promoting green innovation and transformation in China.

THE POLICY EFFECT OF CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING ON GREEN TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION — EVIDENCE FROM MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN CHINA

Based on the panel data of listed Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 2007 to 2019, this study uses the difference-in-differences-based propensity score matching method (PSM-DID) to explore the policy effect of carbon emissions trading on green technology innovation in manufacturing from the perspective of independent innovation of enterprises. The conclusions of this study show that: (1) Carbon emissions trading has significantly improved the level of green technology innovation of manufacturing enterprises; (2) the policy effect of carbon emissions trading on the green patent application is more than twice as much as on green utility model patent application. Compared with green utility model patent, the pilot policy of carbon emissions trading has a more significant and greater policy effect on the green invention patent application; (3) the private enterprises are more sensitive to the pilot policy of carbon emissions trading than state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The carbon emissions trading in China effectively promotes low-carbon and green development of enterprises.

Can patentee preference in patent infringement dispute resolution impact innovation?

Evaluating the impact of intellectual property protection on innovation should include multiple perspectives, of which the impact of patent infringement remedies is an indispensable perspective. The two options for resolving patent infringement disputes in China include civil litigation (CL) and administrative adjudication (AA). Despite the fact that the judicial system has been emphasized as playing the leading role in intellectual property protection, patentees have shown a strong preference for AA since 2015. The general application of AA had been criticized by scholars. Does the patentee's preference bring inappropriate protection and stifled innovation? This study used regression models and 2008–2020 data on the choice of patent dispute resolution mode in China. The number of invention patent applications was the dependent variable, and choices for CL or AA were the independent variables. The choice of AA and the invention patent application were found to have a significant and positive association, implying that AA provides an appropriate level of intellectual property protection to incentivize innovation. Characteristics derived from AA should be valued and used as a reference to improve innovation policies.

Current directions of the department of hygiene, faculty of pediatrics, pirogov russian national research medical university (115th anniversary of the department)

The paper provides the analysis of the research and practical work done at the Department of Hygiene, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, for the period between 2018 and 2023 aimed to determine the today’s directions of the Department and demonstrate their relevance, scientific and practical significance; prospective directions of further research are defined. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 13 PL software and the tag (word) cloud service. Staff of the Department did extensive educational and methodological, organizational and methodological, expert and consulting, research work (paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 of the academic passport for the specialty 3.2.1. “Hygiene”); a total of 10 textbooks and three toolkits, three guidelines, two software products, one patent for invention and 39 database certificates, 11 collective monographs were published; two hygienic standards were approved; the activity outcomes were presented during 95 scientific and practical events, including that with international involvement. A total of 150 articles were published: 46 in the journals indexed in international databases (Scopus, Web of Science), 58 in the journals indexed by HAC under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, one in the Nature journal. Two candidate and two doctoral theses on the specialty 3.2.1. “Hygiene” were prepared and defended. The activity outcomes provided helped to address the hygienic challenges currently faced by professional community to achieve the national goals of the Russian Federation in the fields of demography, public health and digitalization.

Solving Innovative Problems of Thrust Vector Control Based on Euler's Scientific Legacy

This study aims to develop an interdisciplinary approach to solving innovative thrust vector control problems. The methodology involves the development of a working hypothesis about the ejection process when using a controlled nozzle to deflect the thrust vector (velocity vector) in any direction within a complete geometric sphere. When developing the working hypothesis, a multilateral analysis of individual facts and scientific and technical information is performed using tools in the "big data" area, assessing opportunities to apply the "Foresight" methodology for predicting the development of fluidics. The authors propose new mathematical models to describe the thrust vector in the distribution of the mass flow rate of the fluid medium between flow channels. Patents for inventions support the novelty of scientific results that reveal new opportunities for more active development of fluidics as applied to simple and complex jet systems with low and extremely high energy density in flows. The proposed methodology rests on a modern computer base and is a logical continuation and development of well-known Euler’s works. The computer simulation of multiflow jet devices mainly focuses on power engineering, production, and processing of hydrocarbons. Some results of this research work, including patented design developments and calculation methods, also apply to developing robotics, unmanned vehicles, and programable jet systems. The authors attribute further development of the interdisciplinary approach for solving inventive problems to the use of different AI options. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-017 Full Text: PDF

Assessment of neutrophil NETs‑forming activity in patients with ulcerative colitis

The aim of the study. To determine the non-tossing capacity of neutrophils in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).Materials and methods. Ten patients with UC (study group) were included in the study; the control group consisted of 22 healthy volunteers of comparable age to the study group. All patients with UC received treatment according to clinical guidelines. We determined the non-tumorforming ability of the isolated neutrophil fraction in vitro in both groups using an original technique developed by members of the authors' team (Invention Patent No. 2768152 C 1; dated 23.03.2022. Application No. 2021129097 dated 06.10.2021).Results. In patients with UC, after 15 minutes of in vitro stimulation with probiotic, there was a statistically significant increase in early netosis cells (p < 0.010), cloud-like traps (p < 0.001) and filamentous NVLs (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Bacterial uptake rate by neutrophil traps in UC patients was statistically significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.010).Conclusions. All identified features of neutrophils non-trapping capacity in UC patients may indicate changes in granulocyte reactivity, probably, under the influence of cytokines and/or due to therapeutic intervention. The neutrophil traps formed had fewer protective effects and probably more damaging effects. Studying the influence of the role of netosis on the course and prognosis of UC is a promising research area.

Review of Object Detection Algorithms for Sonar Images based on Deep Learning

Background: Deep learning object detection algorithm is widely used in the field of image classification and has become an indispensable part. With the improvement of image classification accuracy, sonar image target detection algorithm based on deep learning has gradually become the focus of more and more people's research. Objective: This article aims to provide a summary and analysis of deep learning-based sonar image object detection algorithms, with the hope of offering insights for future research in the field of sonar target detection technology. Method: This paper systematically summarizes sonar image target detection algorithms based on deep learning. According to the method principle, the existing deep learning target detection algorithms are divided into four categories: target detection algorithm based on candidate region, deep target detection method based on regression, Anchor Free deep learning target detection algorithm, and search-based target detection and recognition algorithm. Then, the performance of algorithms based on COCO data sets is compared, and the standard sonar data sets and formats are introduced. Results: The sonar image object detection algorithm based on deep learning has made significant progress. The combination of deep learning and object detection methods has been applied to sonar images, resulting in the emergence of excellent performing algorithms. However, most algorithms are still in the developmental stage and face challenges in practical applications. Subsequently, several invention patents have been developed based on the aforementioned algorithms, including a feature extraction method for side-scan sonar images based on fully convolutional neural networks, an underwater sonar image target detection method based on improved YOLOv3-tiny, and more. Conclusion: Sonar image object detection technology based on deep learning has a wide range of application needs but also faces many difficulties and challenges, we still need to continue to learn and explore in future research, and we believe that we can make greater breakthroughs in the future.

Direct Tax Burden, Financing Constraints, and Innovation-Based Output

Tax and fee reductions serve as pivotal instruments in the deepening of structural reforms on the supply side and constitute a significant element of China’s proactive fiscal policy. Although China’s tax regime encompasses both direct and indirect tax burdens, the direct tax burden directly impacts the operational costs of firms and remains non-transferable. As such, it holds significant influence over corporate growth trajectories. A decrease in the direct tax burden alleviates financing constraints for firms, subsequently reducing their exposure to business risks. Focusing on the innovative output capabilities of firms, this study analyzes A-share-listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2010 to 2021. It aims to ascertain the influence of direct tax burden reductions on innovation output within the tax and fee reduction framework. The findings indicate that lessening the direct tax burden ameliorates financing constraints, thereby enhancing a firm’s innovative output capabilities. A deeper analysis reveals that non-state-owned enterprises benefit more significantly from this dynamic than their state-owned counterparts, underscoring the potential for targeted tax and fee reduction policies to bolster enterprise innovation. Furthermore, the government should recognize enterprise differentiation and drive broader economic growth through tailored strategies. Notably, the positive impact of mitigating financing constraints on innovation is more pronounced in firms with suboptimal corporate governance structures. While this mechanism notably influences non-invention patent applications, its effect on invention patent applications is comparatively muted. Post-outbreak, the interplay between tax burdens and innovative outputs has intensified, becoming more pronounced than in pre-outbreak times.

Impact of low-carbon city pilot policies on urban green innovation from the perspective of spatial and temporal heterogeneity.

The low-carbon city pilot policy (LCPP) in China is an active response to climate change, with cities serving as the main agents of action. Enhancing green innovation at a city-wide level can effectively support the promotion of pilot cities' efforts towards sustainable growth. Using panel data from 204 prefectures collected from 2005 to 2019, we adopted the time-varying difference-in-differences (DID) model and the spatial Durbin model combined with time-varying DID (SDM-DID) to determine the impact of the LCPP on urban green innovation and its temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Empirical findings showed that (1) LCPP had a significant positive impact on urban green innovation, and green invention patents had a greater green innovation effect than green utility model patents. (2) Heterogeneity analysis revealed that in terms of geographical location, the pilot policy was more effective in promoting urban green innovation in the eastern and central regions in comparison to the western region. At the city level, the pilot policy had a greater impact on green innovation in first- and second-tier cities. With regard to city scale, large-scale cities showed a greater impact on green innovation than small- and medium-sized cities. (3) Mechanistic testing revealed that LCPPs stimulated urban green innovation by talent aggregation, increasing government support for innovation, and public participation; but the mechanism for alleviating financing constraints has yet to be effectively validated. (4) The LCPP showed a spatial spillover effect, whereby one city's low-carbon governance yielded institutional dividends for neighboring cities both geographically and economically, and the impact was more pronounced in those cities that were not resource-based. This study presents empirical evidence at the urban and spatial levels, supporting the comprehensive promotion of low-carbon city construction and development in China.