AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SCHEMES OF HORIZONTAL DIRECT-FLOW HYDRAULIC TURBINES

Abstract

The impact of the rapid development of renewable energy sources and the reduction of electricity production by traditional generating capacities on the change in the development trend in world energy is analyzed. This led to a sharp change in the priorities of the national energy policy of Ukraine with an increase in the capacities of renewable energy sources, which in 2035 should be 25 billion kWh of generating capacity against 2,8 billion kWh in 2018. It is shown that such trends require the growth of balancing highly maneuverable capacities in hydropower to regulate load schedules and ensure stability and reliable operation of combined power systems. Under such trends, Ukraine is transitioning to a new innovative model of the operation of the electric power industry in the conditions of the gradual creation of a full-fledged energy market and the planned integration of the energy system of Ukraine with the European energy system (ENNSO-E). It is claimed that the problem of covering peak loads becomes acute in the modern conditions of power system operation. This makes it necessary to pay more attention to the operation of maneuverable hydropower equipment in order to optimize the distribution of loads to consumers. It is proposed to solve these problems comprehensively, both by developing new blade systems and water passages of traditional type hydroturbines, and by improving the working process due to innovative constructive solutions for the layout of hydropower equipment for new hydropower facilities. Potetenko O. V. (Professor of the Department of Hydraulic Machines named after G. F. Proskura, NTU "KhPI") founded a scientific direction in which for 10 years the tasks of introducing high-speed bladed hydraulic turbines at high heads in the development of new design schemes in hydropower were developed and researched. Dozens of patents for inventions and utility models are the results of this. Further development of innovative schemes of horizontal capsule hydraulic units, which is related to the features of the working process, is aimed to achieve high average operating efficiency while simultaneously expanding operation and reliability areas of the proposed design schemes.