The inlet boundary layer separates in front of the leading edge of the blade on the endwall and forms the pressure side leg of horseshoe vortex and the suction side one. The pressure side leg of the horseshoe vortex immediately moves toward to the suction side and form a stronger vortex, ”passage vortex”, in the cascade. These vortices mentioned above are called secondary flows which will result in an increase of secondary flow losses and a reduction of stage efficiency. In this paper, the flow characteristics are analyzed in the leading edge region and inside the cascade based on the numerical simulation results of the Langston cascade. A new type endwall design method, curved endwall structure combined with the deformation in the leading edge region, is established and optimized. It can be observed that the new structure can efficiently reduce the strength of the horseshoe vortex and suppress the generation of the leading edge separation line and saddle point. The uses of the new structure also decrease the pressure gradient between the pressure side and the suction side in the streamline direction, which suppresses the deviation of the pressure side horseshoe vortex from the pressure side of the endwall to the suction side and delays the formation position of the passage vortex. The rate of increase in the total pressure loss coefficient along the mainstream direction also decreases 25.34% in the exit of the cascade.