Democratic Party Research Articles

Introduction

For many decades, stability and predictability were the defining features of German party competition. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, West German politics was dominated by the well-known two-and-a-half party system, which later expanded with the rise of the Greens in the 1980s and the addition of the PDS (Party of Democratic Socialism) after German reunification.1 Despite the expanding party system, party competition continued to be anchored by the CDU/CSU (Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union) on the center-right and the SPD (Social Democratic Party) on the center-left, such that government coalitions at the federal and state level could typically be formed by two coalition partners, while ideologically coherent coalitions among parties on the left or the right were the norm.

What Today's Working Class Wants from Political Leaders

The exit of the working class from the Democratic Party is a long saga that began in the late 1960s and culminated in Donald Trump's takeover of the Republican Party with themes that resonated among working class voters. During this period, Democrats along with center-left parties through Western democracies who have encountered similar difficulties have struggled to understand the sources of working-class disaffection and to craft remedies for it. Two recent studies from the Progressive Policy Institute (PPT) have shed new light on these issues.

Uncovering the semantics of concepts using GPT-4.

The ability of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 to generate human-like texts suggests that social scientists could use these LLMs to construct measures of semantic similarity that match human judgment. In this article, we provide an empirical test of this intuition. We use GPT-4 to construct a measure of typicality-the similarity of a text document to a concept. We evaluate its performance against other model-based typicality measures in terms of the correlation with human typicality ratings. We conduct this comparative analysis in two domains: the typicality of books in literary genres (using an existing dataset of book descriptions) and the typicality of tweets authored by US Congress members in the Democratic and Republican parties (using a novel dataset). The typicality measure produced with GPT-4 meets or exceeds the performance of the previous state-of-the art typicality measure we introduced in a recent paper [G. Le Mens, B. Kovács, M. T. Hannan, G. Pros Rius, Sociol. Sci. 2023, 82-117 (2023)]. It accomplishes this without any training with the research data (it is zero-shot learning). This is a breakthrough because the previous state-of-the-art measure required fine-tuning an LLM on hundreds of thousands of text documents to achieve its performance.

The Grim Reaper Might Be a Republican

With tensions rising between the Democratic and Republican parties of America as the 2024 presidential election approaches, I attempted to predict the outcome of the election by applying the rules of Terror Management Theory. In order to gather the information needed to reach my conclusion, I reviewed scholarly research collected from Google Scholar and explored the opinions of American civilians as reported on news and social media sites. I investigated Terror Management Theory and its possible relationship to politics, and the “right-shift,” or switch to more conservative values, present in voters who are made salient of their mortalities. Ultimately, the evidence gathered supports the notion that a right-wing candidate will emerge victorious from the 2024 presidential election.

Exploring Reasons for Japans Post-War Political Stagnation

After the Second World War, the militarist, corporatist system of the imperial Japan had collapsed. Since then, Japan adopted a democratic system centered around the Liberal Democratic Party. This paper analyzed the political situation of Japan after the Second World War by exemplifying and investigating Japans political Stagnation. By analyzing the political situation of Japan, this research reveals the significance of political reformation and progression. This study selected and analyzed 15 different sources including books, articles and videos Economically, post-war Japan had a heavy reliance on the United States since the Korean War. Although the bubble economy of Japan through the 1970s provided the Japanese population with political confidence to an extent, The collapse of the bubble economy stopped Japans economic growth. Since then, Japan had entered the lost thirty years. In addition to the reasons aforementioned, political bureaucratization, lack of actual changes and powerful implicit order caused changing the status quo harder. These are the main factors working behind Japans political stagnation.

Institutionalization and party resilience in Indonesian electoral democracy

Political democracy in Indonesia in the reform era paints a different picture from the previous era. This article discusses and analyzes the institutionalization and resilience of parties in electoral democracy in Indonesia. This present study combines a qualitative approach through library research and survey methods to obtain the expected information. The survey was conducted across Indonesia among 1200 respondents, with a margin of error of ±2.9 % and a confidence level of 95 %. The findings of this article propose three matters. First, in the reform era, parties experienced shocks due to the change of democratic regimes from controlled and repressive democracies to liberal democracies that prioritize electoral functions. Second, the demand for the importance of institutionalizing political parties as part of democratic consolidation for the improvement of the quality of democracy is characterized by the strengthening of the identity of political parties. Third, the strengthening of the leadership role of political parties as a beacon for the resilience of political parties in the face of electoral democracy and, on the other hand, maintaining the ideological and cultural characteristics of the party. The relevance of this article for academic literature is the importance of party resilience in the future, which is much influenced by the party's ability to institutionalize democracy within the party itself to answer the challenges of electoral democracy in Indonesia.

The determinants of voting for Republican congressional candidates in the Texas borderlands

AbstractObjectiveA shift of Latino voters to Republican Party candidates has been observed in recent years. Past research on presidential elections supports the idea that borderlands counties vote differently than other counties in borderlands states and tend to favor Democratic Party candidates. This study explores congressional voting patterns in the Texas borderlands.MethodsUsing county‐level data for Texas counties in 2010 and 2022, this study examines Republican congressional voting as a function of (1) borderlands cultural and economic context, (2) economic conditions, (3) social contact, and (4) religious adherence. We contribute to existing scholarship by proposing that there are three district border subregions.ResultsOverall, this study finds increased levels of support for Republican congressional candidates in the borderlands region. However, when subregions are compared, those counties with economic linkages to Mexico and rural Tejano counties are more likely to vote for Democratic Party candidates in 2010 and 2022. The West Texas borderlands region, however, is no longer distinctive from other Texas counties in terms of voting patterns in 2022.ConclusionVoters in the predominantly Latino Texas borderlands are increasingly voting for Republican congressional candidates suggesting a change in partisan attachment. The effects of foreign‐born arrivals and rising economic optimism in the borderlands may lead to more voting for Republican candidates. However, current economic realities and linkages as well as past social and political marginalization may continue to make borderlands voters distinct.

Foreign Policy Approaches in the US Political Parties Platforms in the XXI Century: Similarities and Differences

The article examines such a phenomenon of American politics as the party platform. The article reflects its features in comparison with European interpretations of the concept of “party program”. The author’s definition of the concept “party platform” is given, which is based on a consideration of the definitions of domestic and foreign policy researchers of the concept “party program”. The article focuses on the foreign policy parts of the platforms of the main US political parties. The ideological approaches and conditions that influence the formation of the foreign policy part of the party platform are considered (from factors such as political expediency to the personal views of US presidential candidates). An example of a comparative analysis of the foreign policy parts of the platforms of the US Republican and Democratic parties is given. Based on a comparative analysis of the foreign policy parts of the platforms of the main US political parties, the author proposes his own methodology for determining the similarities and differences of party platforms. This methodology allowed the author of the article to plot the similarities and differences in the foreign policy approaches of the US Republican and Democratic parties from 2000 to 2020. The comparative analysis carried out by the author allows us to say that the platforms of the main US political parties can be used to analyze the foreign policy course of different US administrations and make forecasts on Washington’s foreign policy.

The Dynamics of General Elections in Indonesia, 1955-2019

The holding of general elections is one of the means of achieving democracy and realizing a system of government that is people-sovereign and has been successfully implemented since Indonesia's independence until the current reformation period. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of general elections in Indonesia as part of the success of organizing democratic parties. The data used in this study comes from several pieces of literature relating to implementing the 1955 to 2019 general elections. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. With this method, the researcher attempts to describe, analyze, and explain the electoral system used during the legislative and presidential elections. The results of the study explain that Indonesia adheres to a democratic system in general elections. General elections aim to create a government of, by, and for the people. With the existing dynamics, elections in Indonesia have been successfully carried out from 1955 to 2019, both in the presidential and regional elections. The 1999 general election, which was a transition from the New Order government to reform, brought Indonesia towards a democratic political system. In 2004, the people participated directly in elections for the first time. The process of elections in Indonesia is indeed inseparable from the principles of general elections under Law Number 12 of 2003, namely direct, honest, fair, free, secret, and public.

Polish federalist ideas between utopia and Realpolitik: geopolitical dimension and ideological entanglements (1863–1921)

ABSTRACT The essay deals with the history of Polish federalist ideas, which have evolved from an ideological utopia to a broadly defined tool of Realpolitik politics. After the defeat of the January Uprising in 1863, Polish elites placed geopolitics at the core of the development of federalism in Polish political thought, especially in the context of ascertaining the geopolitical position ‘between Germany and Russia’. This model of situating Polish lands on the European map also determined the extensive circulation of federalist ideas among various political camps. After the outbreak of the First World War, the idea of federalism/federation/confederation became an important element of political rhetoric. Subsequently, federalist ideas turned into the ideological slogans of socialist circles and the National Democrat Party. Both political forces considered federalism merely as an instrument of Realpolitik and under the influence of specific political circumstances, without thinking about its implementation as a form of political structure. The tradition of Polish historiography on the two influential political doctrines – ‘federative’ and ‘incorporative’ – is questionable. This division needs to be revised.

Znaczenie „dyplomacji demokracji” dla współczesnego Tajwanu

THE IMPORTANCE OF “DEMOCRATIC DIPLOMACY” FOR CONTEMPORARY TAIWANContemporary Taiwan is one of the leading democratic countries in Asia. The authorities in Taipei, under the leadership of President Tsai Ing-wen and the ruling Democratic Progressive Party have actively conveyed this message to the international community through their foreign policy since 2016. The objective of this paper is to examine the concept of “democracy diplomacy” in Taiwan, analyzing both scholarly discourse and observing Taiwan’s foreign policy. This strategic approach greatly bolsters Taiwan’s position among other nations that uphold democratic values, especially in the face of rivalries between major powers.

A critical discourse analysis of some selected 2019 Nigerian presidential election campaign advertisements on social media

Political campaign advertisements are one of the mediums where the electorates hope to get the right information to help them make a choice before an election. The study explored the lexico-syntactic patterns, discourse strategies and how they were used to create ideologies in the 2019 Presidential campaign advertisements. The study adopts the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) by Van Dijk called socio-cognitive model and his (2000) model on principles that express ideological stances. Five campaign advertisements were purposively selected for analysis from the following social media platforms: Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter and also the following media outlets punch.com, nairaland.com, to mention but a few. The campaign advertisements chosen featured the two major candidates, Atiku Abubakar of the PDP (Peoples Democratic Party) and Muhamadu Buhari of the APC (All Progressives Congress) in the 2019 Presidential elections. The study revealed that the campaign advertisements chosen used discourse markers that emphasized ideologies like; APC is a haven for corrupt Nigerians, Atiku is a thief, Buhari and Atiku do not care about the poor, Buhari is incorruptible, are among other ideologies that the campaign advertisements tried to portray. The study submits that discourse was negative especially in the presentation of the ‘out group’ (the political opponents) and that the ideology of the text creators was a very strong force in all the texts analyzed. Therefore, the electorates need to be more critical in reading these presidential campaign advertisements before forming their opinions and taking actions, in order to deepen our democracy.

The Democratic Majority and the 2016 American Presidential Election: Feminist Political Behavior Across Multiple Axes of Identity

Scholarship on women voters using an intersectional lens has shown feminists and women of color within the Democratic Party to be a powerful force in electoral politics—specifically, Black and Latina women—are the most reliable voters. Combined, they represent the majority of women voters in the Democratic Party, and they have shown themselves to be a sizeable voting bloc in the last two American presidential election cycles. Using data from the 2016 American National Election Studies (ANES), we demonstrate important differences in support for the Democratic candidate (Hillary Clinton) between feminists and women of color—Black and Latina—underscoring the need to study gender, race, and ethnicity simultaneously (versus independently) when they are co-constitutive identity categories. By examining women and the groups the Clinton campaign appealed most to—feminists, Black, and Latina women—we add to the scholarship in political science that followed this unique election and demonstrate the importance of feminist identity for vote choice and various modes of political behavior for women voters. Knowing and understanding how women respond through affect and how this affect can result in political behaviors will help determine what it takes for future historic first candidates to emerge successful.

Nostalgia in European Party Politics: A Text-Based Measurement Approach

Abstract Traditional research on political parties pays little attention to the temporal focus of communication. It usually concentrates on promises, issue attention, and policy positions. This lack of scholarly attention is surprising, given that voters respond to nostalgic rhetoric and may even adjust issue positions when policy is framed in nostalgic terms. This article presents a novel dataset, PolNos, which contains six text-based measures of nostalgic rhetoric in 1,648 party manifestos across 24 European democracies from 1946 to 2018. The measures combine dictionaries, word embeddings, sentiment approaches, and supervised machine learning. Our analysis yields a consistent result: nostalgia is most prevalent in manifestos of culturally conservative parties, notably Christian democratic, nationalist, and radical right parties. However, substantial variation remains regarding regional differences and whether nostalgia concerns the economy or culture. We discuss the implications and use of our dataset for studying political parties, party competition, and elections.

The Management of a Modern Political Party (A Study on Recruitment Model of Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) in West Java)

Objective: This article will discuss the recruitment model for members/cadres and prospective candidates of general elections, either legislative or executive of PDI-P in West Java, as well as its challenges in becoming a modern political party in Indonesia. Method: This research uses a qualitative method with data collection dominantly using a literature review related to the recruitment model of modern political parties and interviews with cadres of PDI-P in West Java. The analytical tools used are the scheme of recruitment model of modern political parties by Pippa Norris (2006), the concept of modern political party management by Hofmeister & Grabow (2011), also the 10 principles of the ideal party by Bhakti & Nurhasim (2016) to explain the recruitment model of PDI-P in West Java as one of the modern parties in Indonesia. Result: The result found that the recruitment of PDI-P in West Java has used the principles of the modern political party in the process, such as opening the opportunity widely for the public to join the party, opening the chances for non-cadre to be nominated by the party as well all the procedure is based on the party Memorandum of Association/ Articles of Association (AD/ART). Conclusion: Nevertheless, there are problems that have not been accommodated by the party, such as the quota for people with disabilities, young people, and the mechanism of special quota fulfillment for women that have not been given the overall clarity.

WHAT TODAY’S WORKING CLASS WANTS FROM POLITICAL LEADERS

The exit of the working class from the Democratic Party is a long saga that began in the late 1960s and culminated in Donald Trump’s takeover of the Republican Party with themes that resonated among working class voters. During this period, Democrats along with center-left parties through Western democracies who have encountered similar difficulties have struggled to understand the sources of working-class disaffection and to craft remedies for it. Two recent studies from the Progressive Policy Institute (PPT) have shed new light on these issues.

PELATIHAN MENULIS KOMENTAR SINGKAT, PADAT DAN TEPAT DALAM MERESPON SEJUMLAH ISU VIRAL DI MEDIA SOSIAL DIKALANGAN SANTRI DKM MASJID AR-RAHMAH

Nowadays, perhaps everyone uses media to carry out activities, especially activities related to communication between one individual and another individual. With media, it will be easier for everyone to carry out daily activities. Therefore, the definition of media can be said to be very broad, for you as a teacher you will definitely determine the appropriate learning media for your students. Not only that, the media which is more often used as an intermediary for communication is often used by workers or even political officials who want to nominate themselves. The media that often appear during the Indonesian democracy party are usually better known as political communication media. So, don't be surprised if during the Indonesian democracy party there will be a lot of information from various media containing only political issues or facts. Through the technological media revolution, the distance will indeed feel very close. The technological media revolution, as the fourth wave of development in world society, has led to a world that is truly vast and seems to have no distance

The Impact of Wish-Zalmayan's Activities on the Awakening of Afghan Intellectuals

In an era characterized by the formidable challenges of political engagement under the leadership of Sardar Shah Mehmood Khan, a group of determined intellectuals coalesced to form the Wish-Zalmayan Party. This collective endeavor witnessed the party's prominent members disseminating scholarly articles through the Angar Gazette, the official publication of the party under the stewardship of Faiz Mohammad Angar. This article undertakes a comprehensive exploration of various facets of Wish-Zalmayan's activities, encompassing its mission, organizational structure, membership requisites, and the provincial branches' activities. Further-more, this article underscores the enduring relevance of these historical developments. Notably, some leading figures from the Wish-Zalmayan Party went on to establish other political entities. For instance, Noor Muhammad Tarakai founded the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, ushering in significant trans-formations upon ascending to power. Additionally, several offshoot parties emerged from the same intellectual movement, actively participating in the country's political landscape and exerting influence on its political trajectory. Within this context, the article furnishes valuable insights and preliminary analyses. It highlights the role of Wish-Zalmayan in instigating the parliamentary campaign and holding government officials accountable. Their accomplishments are underscored by their pursuit of lofty objectives during exceptionally challenging circumstances, targeting reforms deemed indispensable for societal progress. Their strategy encompassed parliamentary and press campaigns, culminating in the establishment of a structured political organization that successfully galvanized the country's intellectuals to champion peaceful advocacy - a remarkable milestone in Afghanistan's political history.

The Influence of Internal Conflict on Party Institutionalization: Case Study of the Democratic Party 2010-2015

This study was motivated by conflicts that occurred within the Democratic Party and aimed to be able to see the development of the institutionalization of the Democratic Party both before the conflict occurred and after the conflict occurred within the Democratic Party. In this context and background, this research then be carried out. This study aimed to find answers related to how internal conflicts within the Democratic Party can affect the institutionalization of the Democratic Party. In analyzing this research, researchers used conflict theory and party institutionalization theory. This study used a descriptive qualitative research method. In data collection techniques, primary data was obtained through interviews with relevant informants, and secondary data was obtained through studies of various references from books, search of various sites containing research results, documents of political parties. The results of this study indicated that the internal conflict of the Democratic Party was influenced by the power struggle that occurs within the party. The occurrence of this conflict was also based on the dominance of a strong elite in influencing the course of the organization. Thus, the strong personification of figures in the Democratic Party has a negative impact on the institutionalization of the Democratic Party in the organizational aspects of political parties. The occurrence of this conflict was also based on the dominance of a strong elite influencing the course of the organization. Thus, the strong personification of figures in the Democratic Party has a negative impact on the institutionalization of the Democratic Party in the organizational aspects of political parties. The occurrence of this conflict was also based on the dominance of a strong elite influencing the course of the organization. Thus, the strong personification of figures in the Democratic Party has a negative impact on the institutionalization of the Democratic Party in the organizational aspects of political parties.

Peran Mahasiswa PPKN FIS Universitas Negeri Medan Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Politik 2024, Studi Kasus: Praktek Money Politik

Money Politics is an attempt to bribe voters by providing money or services so that voters' vote preferences can be given to a briber. Political money is no longer surprising, it is a common thing that happens when it comes to elections, parties do various things to get votes from the people, this political money has been passed down from generation to generation. Violations that often occur during elections include the widespread practice of money politics. Money politics is considered a practice that injures democracy. Elections are a big party in democracy where every citizen is free to give their voting rights to the parties that are nominating. In the lead up to the election, many candidates are chosen by the party to take part in the community by giving gifts. This is what we often refer to as "Money politics", this cannot be avoided, because of this people become unstable in their choices. The aim of this research is to find out the political challenges in general elections, find out what factors cause the practice of money politics in general elections and to find out how to face these political challenges. The research method used by the author is a qualitative method, which is descriptive research and tends to use analysis. The aim is to explain a phenomenon in as much depth as possible by collecting data in as much depth as possible, with greater emphasis on the depth of the data obtained. Students have an important role in fighting money politics. As students who study politics, it is only natural that they can form public awareness by providing political education or education for the community or others around us about the importance of integration in politics, and encouraging transparency and accountability in general elections and so that they are more aware of the dangers of money politics so that with Education to the public will increase people's understanding of the dangers of money politics and they will be wiser in choosing a good and wise leader. And society will not be more easily influenced by using political money. By getting involved in anti-money politics campaigns and fighting for policies that reduce corruption and the influence of money in politics, students can help create a more just and democratic political system.