Mechanism Of Partnership Research Articles

The role of international organizations in the protection and restoration of the cultural heritage of Ukraine in the conditions of armed aggression: Financial, economic and legal aspects

The article attempts to analyze the role of international organizations in the protection and restoration of the cultural heritage during war conflicts. The case of Ukrainian ongoing conflict is considered, based on systematization of UNESCO documents and activities, as well as the case of Syria as a ‘testing ground’ for UNESCO in efforts on protection and restoration of cultural heritage damaged due to hostilities. It is claimed that UNESCO in fact showed its low efficiency in protecting cultural heritage, but is capable of providing reasonable steps of post-war restoration and preventing illegal trade of stolen cultural heritage. The expedience of developing international law grounds for protection of cultural heritage is emphasized, together with employing mechanisms of public-private partnership in restoration projects.

Co-Financing the Investment Projects in the field of Public Space Transformation

Introduction. It has become a modern trend to improve the quality of the urban environment using a public-private partnership (PPP) mechanism. By finding a balance between the interests of business and the state on the issues of infrastructure renovation, it is possible to boost the investment processes. Therefore, the PPP as a catalyst for the regional, innovative and social development has been studied in the scientific literature since long ago. Although, many authors recognise the prospects of the PPP efficiency, they still note the need to regularly revise the state support methods and tools, i.e. the existing system of measures requires improvement over time. Special attention has been paid to the models of financing the PPP projects and the ways of investment return. However, the PPP development potential in creation (reconstruction) of the park infrastructure has not been duly revealed yet.Materials and Methods. During the research on identification of the features of the park complex transformation projects reconstructed in the frame of a concession business model, the projects were grouped according to the similarity of features. Then, by comparative analysis method, the problems of full recovery of the investment costs were identified in the selected projects. A hypothesis about the need of using the government budget co-financing for the certain concession agreements targeted at solving the various environmental, educational and awareness-raising issues was put forward.Results. The national practices of transformation of the public spaces, such as parks and park infrastructure, have shown that the most optimal form of the PPP is a concession. The investor uses his funds at the design and construction stages of the creation (reconstruction) of the park complexes. At the stage of facility operation, a private party recovers its costs by collecting fees directly from the consumers. It is important that the expected project profitability should be within 15–25%. Due to the changes in the monetary policy, such profitability at the current key rate is hardly ever possible if the park infrastructure includes a variety of capital-intensive buildings and structures designated not so much for commercial but for social purposes. There arise the risks of receiving less income than expected. Therefore, for such projects, it is necessary to develop the measures expanding the ways of investment return. If a park has a complex infrastructure, which includes the large stadiums, museums, cultural and educational centres, i.e. facilities that are difficult to predict as having a high demand and, thus, not expedient for setting the high fees, it is advisable to combine the direct payment for services with the government budget co-financing. Co-financing is implemented through payment of a capital or operational grants. The variants of a grant can be considered depending on the areas of the park activities (educational, cultural, sport). The operational grant is due to reimburse the operational costs on maintaining the special facilities: adjacent embankments, lighthouses, memorials, etc. For the parks that include the indoor pools, large stadiums, museums, concert halls, it is relevant to use the capital grants to return the investments made into these facilities.Discussion and Conclusion. In the current conditions, the public-private partnership is considered as an alternative to government budget investment into the infrastructure facilities. The transformation of the urban public spaces is also involved in this trend, and there are already positive results achieved. A private party, through investing its own capital, gets the opportunity to operate the created object to recoup its investments. But some projects are difficult in this sense, therefore the interest of the business companies to participate in the improvement of the urban environment quality reduces. In the context of the tight monetary policy, the additional state budgetary measures are needed to stimulate private investments.

CONCESSION POLICY IN THE TRANS-SFSR (1921-1930)

Today, Georgia strives to take a worthy place in the world, develop its economy, establish close business ties with some important countries and attract investments. In view of this, we consider it relevant to identify and analyze the archival materials relating to the experiences of our region in the field of business relations with other countries in the 20s of the twentieth century. The object of the study is the concession policy of Bolsheviks and how worked the concession institutions from a historical perspective. The purpose of this study to present the concession agreements as a mechanism for partnership between social, state and private elements, that ensured sustainable economic development of the TSFSR as a whole and of Georgia in particular. It is also important to research the emergence, development and abolition of concessions, as well as to bring to light the activities of central and local governments bodies. Economic review of concessions will make it possible to take into account the experience gained in the historical past when developing, adapting and introducing the modern forms of economic relations. The study of these experiences will inevitably be conducive to concessional ties with other countries at the current stage of economic development. Problem Identification. Studying the economic retrospective of concessions makes it possible to take into account previous experience when developing, adapting and implementing modern forms of economic cooperation. Studying this experience will facilitate the implementation of the concession cooperation plan at the current stage of economic development.

Connecting efficiency and responsiveness in China: public sentiments and stakeholder perspectives towards COVID-19 crisis governance.

The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic initiated debates on how crisis management affects democracy. In them, the balance between deploying control strategies that limit citizens' freedom and their democratic legitimation features prominently. Informed by theoretical debates about responsive crisis governance, this paper explores how Chinese citizens reacted by quantitatively and qualitatively analysing social media expressions and Chinese stakeholders' narratives. The quantitative analysis indicated that public sentiments towards pandemic control were complex and mostly related to the severe pandemic in Wuhan. Negative sentiments were mainly directed at local states; national states largely received respect. The qualitative analysis exhibited more nuances. Although Chinese crisis governance raised efficiency and trust, aggressive accountability efforts and improper information exchange caused justice deficits and public anxiety. Draconian social control misaligned public interests and a lack of specific partnership mechanisms frustrated social participation. Reconciling institutional efficiency with civic liberties on diverse governance levels is thus expected to increase the responsiveness of pandemic control to public demands.

РОЛЬ ОФСЕТНЫХ КОНТРАКТОВ В РАЗВИТИИ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

An offset contract implies a government contract that assumes the existence of counter investment obligations, both on the part of the investor and on the part of the state. The investor assumes responsibility for the creation or modernization of production on the territory of the Russian Federation, and the state, in turn, creates attractive conditions for doing business. From the meaning and content of the offset contract, it can be considered as a manifestation of the mechanism of public-private partnership, which finds its expression as a result of the interaction of the subject of the Russian Federation and the supplier-investor. Offset contracts represent a promising and beneficial mechanism for both sides of interaction, which allows us to focus on long-term cooperation, which entails the creation of new production facilities on the territory of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as a result, jobs, and an increase in tax revenues. The urgency of a detailed study of the offset contract mechanism is conditioned by the possibility of implementing the plans of the Government of the Russian Federation to localize the production of technically complex products and increase the pace of import substitution under international sanctions. The study presents the advantages of an offset contract in comparison with other investment attraction tools and options for its adaptation in the Kursk region.

Opportunities and Prospects of Developing Tourist Industry Infrastructure in the Republic of Altay on the Basis of State-Private Partnership

The research deals with planning and developing tourist industry in the Republic of Altay on the basis of mechanisms of state-private partnership oriented to building the necessary tourist infrastructure in the region. In the research the author analyzed trends in developing the system of academic views and regulatory control of stateprivate partnership in the Russian Federation and systematized key forms of direct and indirect participation of state in the face of bodies of state governance and regional levels in implementation of investment projects with cornerstone impact on social and economic and technological development of territories. The author checked tourist potential of the Republic of Altay and sufficiency of tourist infrastructure units in the region according to strategy of social and economic development of the region. Apart from that, the article identified technological and operation features of building and using different units of tourist infrastructure in the region and worked out recommendations aimed at application of concrete forms and methods of state-private partnership in order to ensure the complex development of tourist infrastructure in the Republic of Altay. Findings of the research can be used for elaboration and realization of the Republic of Altay policy aimed at tourism development in the region.

Развитие договорных механизмов государственно-частного партнерства как фактор достижения устойчивого экономического роста

The article is devoted to the study of such civil law contracts as an offset contract, a life cycle contract and a special investment contract from the point of view of their possible qualification as a mechanism of public-private partnership as a method of influencing the country’s economy in order to achieve its sustainable growth. The studied contractual models are considered through the prism of their impact on national competitiveness as a factor of economic growth. The conclusion is substantiated about the possibility of attributing an offset contract and a special investment contract to effective mechanisms for sustainable economic growth of the country.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A TOOL FOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE ENERGY SECTOR IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS, MECHANISM, FINANCIAL REPORTING

Based on the analysis of the dynamics of implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) projects in Ukraine, key problems have been identified and its priorities in financial support for the recovery of the native energy sector have been determined. It is appointed that PPP concession agreements are the main mechanisms for attracting investment in the global electric power industry. The expediency of using the concession model on BOT terms for the implementation of large projects in the energy sector is substantiated, which will contribute to the intensification of investment attraction and will allow to distribute risks between the state and business. Recommendations on the formation of an information platform for participants in the implementation of PPP projects on the basis of disclosure of information on the effectiveness of concession operations in accounting and financial statements have been developed. The tools for the formation of the financial mechanism of public-private partnership, where the priority is budget and venture financing, are substantiated. To make decisions on the implementation of PPP investment projects, an approach to assessing the financial support of project initiatives is recommended, the basis of which is the proposed criteria for compliance with financial security, the choice of funding sources, indicators of scenario analysis and efficiency. The proposed methodical approach to assessing the effectiveness of PPP allows us to assess the synergistic effect, which reflects the totality of economic, social and environmental effects. The formulated recommendations for improving the relationship between the state and business will contribute to the intensification of the attraction of private investment resources on the basis of PPPs for the restoration of the energy sector in Ukraine.

Correction: coordination mechanism of integrative humanitarian-business partnership for relief supplies with the consideration of public engagement amidst the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic

Correction: coordination mechanism of integrative humanitarian-business partnership for relief supplies with the consideration of public engagement amidst the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR ATTRACTING AND REALIZING INVESTMENTS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes the issues of adequateness of the institutional support for attracting and realizing investments in the energy sector of Ukraine to the current realities in which the country finds itself. The article emphasizes that public-private partnership is the basis for further attraction and realization of investments in the energy sector. The article highlights several issues such as attracting investment in the energy sector of Ukraine, and public-private partnership in the energy sector and identifies the ways to overcome them.The necessity of improving the legal framework in the field of public-private partnership; development of institutional infrastructure supporting public-private partnership; providing guarantees for protecting the interests of all parties in the public-private partnership throughout the entire life cycle of the project is substantiated.It is concluded that attracting and injecting investments in the energy sector is possible only in close cooperation with large private businesses by implementing elements and mechanisms of public-private partnership in the sector. It’s the only way that the energy sector of Ukraine will be able to adapt to modern challenges to ensure its long-term sustainable development.

Модели организации деятельности полиции зарубежных государств в сфере взаимодействия с гражданским обществом

Introduction. In solving the problem of interaction between the police and civil society institutions in implementing the law enforcement function of the state, the policing experience of foreign countries can be actual for developing new conceptual provisions and dogmatic solutions adequate to contemporary conditions. The research of different models of police activity organisation in foreign countries will reveal common patterns and suggest more efficient and effective measures to organise interaction between the police and civil society institutions in Russia. Purpose of the research is to identify the most effective management mechanisms for the formation of interaction between the police and civil society institutions in implementing the law enforcement function of the state on the basis of theoretical and legal analysis of models of the organisation of police activities in foreign countries. Theoretical aspects of the organisation of local self-government, traditionally historically linked to policing, are reflected in the theses of E. S. Gorbatyuk, I. A. Gorsheneva, D. O. Ezevsky, A. M. Kononov and others. Comparative analysis of police activity of foreign states, including cooperation with civil society institutions, was carried out in the researches of I. A. Andreeva, A. V. Bykov , D. V. Vasiliev , A. V. Gubanov, E. V. Kirichok, A. K. Kiselev, O. B. Moroz, V. F. Saetgarayev, A. I. Stepanyan and others. The issues of interaction of the police and society were considered in the works of P. N. Kobets, N. S. Nizhnik, G. R. Rustemova, I. S. Prikhodko and others. The theory of the relationship between local political culture and the organisation of police activities (J. K. Wilson) was used to identify and evaluate the mechanisms of partnership between the police and society. Methods. The research is based on the system approach, general scientific methods (primarily analysis and synthesis), the method of materialistic dialectics; special methods: comparative-historical, formal-legal; historical-legal analysis, chronological method. Results. The studied models of police organisation in foreign countries are derived from the generic concept of “service model of police organisation”, are aimed at social cohesion, stability with a high level of citizen participation and are relevant for different countries. The priority task of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs is the social orientation of its activities, which allows police units to make their best in using the social and public potential of the Russian society in solving the tasks assigned to them.

Coordination mechanism of integrative humanitarian-business partnership for relief supplies with the consideration of public engagement amidst the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic

Coordination mechanism of integrative humanitarian-business partnership for relief supplies with the consideration of public engagement amidst the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic

The mechanism of concession agreements in the Russian heat supply system

The current research examines the mechanism of concession agreements, functioning in the sphere of heat supply, the ways of its conclusion, its advantages and differences from lease agreements. The effectiveness of the use of concessions is proved on the example of Voronezh and Perm energy companies. The renewal of the Russian heat supply system is, unfortunately, extremely slow. Despite the measures taken, the dynamics of equipment failures, accidents and heat losses have not yet been changed: their number is still gro wing. In a year, it is possible to update only half of the fixed assets from the need. The reasons for this are their sharp moral and physical ageing and lack of investors who would finance reconstruction, modernisation and erection of new heating system objects. The owners of the systems in many Russian regions are municipalities whose budget funds are insufficient to upgrade them. Mechanisms of public-private partnership (concession agreements are one of its manifestations) together with the “alternative boiler house” mo del should contribute to rectifying the situation. However, unconscientiousness of some investors, the failure to fulfill their obligations for construction and reconstruction of heat supply systems question the effectiveness of the mechanism and reduces them to lease agreements involving only operation of leased worn equipment. According to the research, the authors concluded that it is necessary to improve the discussed mechanism, monitor implementation of the agreements and strengthen administrative responsibility for non-compliance.

Investment policy of construction enterprises under the conditions of marital state

Purpose. Studying the investment policy in construction in wartime conditions, namely: determining the general characteristics of the investment process in construction in wartime conditions; identification of factors affecting investment activity; analysis of the problems of investment activity in these conditions; development of recommendations for improvement of investment policy in construction in wartime conditions. Methodology. In the process of studying the investment policy of construction enterprises in the conditions of martial law, the following methods were used: expert assessment (allowed obtaining conclusions and recommendations regarding the possibilities of investing in construction projects in conditions of military conflict), scenario modeling (development of various scenarios investing in the construction sector made it possible to analyze the possible consequences and results of each of them), system analysis (taking into account the relationships between various aspects of the investment policy of construction enterprises and its impact on the economy and society as a whole) and marketing research (determining the needs and requirements of the market in relation to investments in the construction sector in the conditions of a military conflict). Findings. The authors indicated the main problems of construction financing: lack of long-term loans and investments for construction; high interest rates on loans; imperfect legislation in the field of construction; lack of transparency and efficiency in the management of public finances allocated for construction. It is proposed to take the following measures: to create conditions for attracting long-term loans and investments in construction; to reduce interest rates on loans; to improve legislation in the field of construction; to improve the transparency and efficiency of the management of public finances allocated for construction; to improve mechanisms of public-private partnership in the field of construction; to develop programs to stimulate housing construction for low-income citizens; to create conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of construction. To form the investment attractiveness of the construction industry in Ukraine, the authors suggest creating a favorable investment climate that will guarantee investors the protection of their rights and interests; developing transparent and effective rules and procedures for regulation of construction; ensuring access to quality construction materials and equipment at competitive prices; improving the qualification and level of professional training of construction personnel. Originality. The article comprehensively researches the investment policy in construction in the conditions of war for the first time. The authors revealed new regularities in the development of the investment process in construction under martial law, developed recommendations for its improvement. Practical value. The results of the study can be used to form an effective investment policy in construction in wartime conditions. They can also be used to develop measures to support investment activities in construction under martial law.

The mechanism of municipal public-private partnership as a driver of ethnic tourism development in the Krasnodar territory

The purpose of the present research is to study the potential for ethnic tourism development in the Krasnodar Territory and to identify the ways of enhancing the quality of operation of the tourist industry in the region through the mechanism of municipal public-private partnership. Methodology: the research is based on statistical data analysis and the survey conducted among 30 entrepreneurs engaged in ethnic tourism. Conclusions: the competitive ability of ethnic tourism in the region remains rather low, which is due to a number of constraints, including the lack of variety of tourism services provided, strongly marked seasonality of demand on services, and the low provision of infrastructural facilities. Meanwhile, the Krasnodar Territory has unique natural and socio-cultural resources that prepare the ground for the introduction of modern instruments for ethnic tourism development. Practical significance: the algorithm for the implementation of municipal public-private partnership adjusted by the authors to ethnic tourism development is expected to attract additional investments, which in turn will increase the competitive ability of the industry in the long run. When introducing this mechanism, it is essential to take into account the need to expand the range of services to be provided to potential consumers.

Computer model of keeping rabbits in a production module based on public-private partnership mechanisms

The work examines issues of maintaining and increasing food security at all levels of the country. And penitentiary institutions are no exception. Penal systems around the world are institutions designed to safely house individuals who have been convicted of crimes and sentenced to prison. These persons are known as those sentenced to imprisonment. Heads of prisons (public or private) in foreign countries can use several strategies to improve their performance standards. However, some of these actions depend on the ability of prison administrators to cope with certain institutional limitations. In the Russian Federation, institutions and authorities are faced with budget limitations and disruptions in food supplies. An unstable, rapidly changing economic situation can serve as a threat to the economic security of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia due to a violation of the deadlines and quality of supplied products to meet the needs of the system. In this context, it is essential to realign the food acquisition system within the system to prioritize self-sufficiency, particularly focusing on the advancement of livestock farming. It is shown that the use of new technologies and tools helps to reduce the expenditure of budget funds to provide food for the needs of the system. In solving the food problem, one should use legal mechanisms that function and have proven effective in other areas. One of such mechanisms is the institution of public-private partnership (hereinafter referred to as PPP). The study indicates that addressing this issue involves a series of actions such as modernization, construction, and implementing advanced technologies and infrastructure upgrades. This can be achieved by leveraging additional sources of financing beyond the budget and by utilizing Public-Private Partnership (PPP) mechanisms.

АНАЛИЗ ПРЕДПОСЫЛОК УЧАСТИЯ «ЛАБОРАТОРИИ КАСПЕРСКОГО» В ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТАХ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

The presented article examines the current problem of development of the information technology sector through the mechanism of public-private partnership (hereinafter referred to as PPP) with the participation of AO Kaspersky Lab. The purpose of this study is to assess the qualifications and prospects for the company to pass the preliminary competitive selection and participate in innovative PPP projects in the IT field. In this work, scientific methods such as abstraction, deduction, induction, synthesis, and analysis were used. The company’s activities, the company’s place in the IT field in Russia and the world, geography of presence, expertise, experience, accumulated competencies, technological cooperation of the company with technology partners, government and international organizations, industry diversification of customers, diversification of the company’s product portfolio by type of market and clients, quality and recognition of the company’s products on the market, a standard PPP project for the creation of an information infrastructure facility with the participation of AO Kaspersky Lab was proposed, the main advantages of this project for public and private partners were considered, an enlarged risk matrix for the proposed project was proposed, and examples of products being developed were also given companies that can act as objects of information infrastructure for this project, and also assessed the qualifications and prospects for the company to pass a competitive selection to participate in an innovative PPP project in the IT field.

Социальное партнёрство как институт обеспечения интересов российского государства в сфере занятости

In the article, social partnership, aimed at harmonizing the relations of workers and employers in the sphere of labor, is considered from the point of view of ensuring the interests of the Russian state in employment relations. The regulatory and protective parts of the legal mechanism of social partnership are studied. Purpose. The author's goal is to identify elements of the Russian social partnership system aimed at protecting state interests in the field of employment by finding a compromise between employees and employers and delegating jurisdictional functions to parity social partnership bodies. Methodology. Methods of analysis, synthesis, formal-legal, comparative-historical and comparative-legal, method of interpretation of legal acts are used. Results. Based on a study of the regulatory framework and the works of lawyers, it was concluded that the essence of the Russian social partnership system is to ensure the protection of the interests of the state by coordinating the positions of the parties to labor relations. The state protects public interests at all levels of labor agreements, which must also be met by bilateral collective agreements. The difference between labor relations and all other blocks of social relations in Russia is that the state has created an additional mechanism - a system of social partnership in the sphere of labor, which allows the state to protect its interests in the field of labor and employment not only through the creation of legal norms, the issuance of regulatory instructions and activities jurisdictional government bodies, but also by finding a compromise on controversial issues with other stakeholders in the social and labor sphere. At the same time, the state went beyond the limited consultative participation of interested representatives of workers and employers in establishing rules of conduct, but delegated the very adoption of these rules to public structures in equal cooperation with the state. To the detriment of the competence of state jurisdictional bodies, the state vested the powers to resolve individual and collective labor disputes on social partnership bodies created on a parity basis by employees and employers.

РАЗВИТИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В СФЕРЕ ПОДДЕРЖКИ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The relevance of the topic of this article lies in the need to develop small and medium-sized businesses as the most important elements of the consumer market. The author analyzes the state of public- private partnership in the framework of supporting projects for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and proposals aimed at improving the mechanisms of public-private partnership in the framework of the implementation of small and medium-sized business projects were formulated.

DIRECTION FOR IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

The introduction of modern mechanisms of public-private partnership in our country on the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation is one of the important priorities in the Action Strategy for the development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Despite the existence of a clear and well-developed strategy for the development of the country, there are insufficient organizational and legal mechanisms for the implementation of the tasks set by some executive authorities, duplication of tasks and excessive state regulation has a negative impact on the effectiveness of ongoing reforms.