Participation Of Girls Research Articles

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND ADOLESCENT'S COMPLIANCE IN JOINING THE INTEGRATED SERVICE POST PROGRAM FOR FAMILY (POSYANDU KELUARGA) AROUND THE WORK AREA OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE OF AIKMEL

Adolescence is a transition period recognized from physical, emotional, and psychological changes happening between 10-19 years of age. Teenagers’ health problems certainly need comprehensive and integrated treatment given through IEC, counseling, peer counseling, clinical/medical services, and referrals, including the Integrated Service Post program as a form of community participation in health services. Therefore, the integrated-service-post program should be able to expand its service range; not only for toddlers, pregnant and breast-feeding women, but also other strategic targets such as teenagers and the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between family support and adolescent compliance in joining the family posyandu around the working area of the Public Health Center of Aikmel.This research was a descriptive correlation study using an observational approach. The population of this study was 399 teenagers and the samples were 134 drawn using systematic cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to measure family support and observation sheets were used to find out adolescent compliance in joining the program. The data were then analyzed using the chi-square test.The results showed that the highest participation was shown by teenagers between 12-16 years of aged (70.1%) and the lowest participation was performed by adolescents aged 17-25 years (29.0%). Additionally, based on gender, girls participated more than boys (the participation of girls was 53%). Moreover, the result showed that the higher the education, the higher the family support. Finally, the levels of compliance were 53.7% (compliant) and 56.3% (non-compliant). The statistical test showed that ρ value = 0.009 (ρ < 0.05).Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a significant correlation between family support and adolescent compliance in joining the Integrated Service Post program for families around the working area of the Public Health Center of Aikmel. Hopefully, paramedics/cadres can provide counseling about the importance of family support to increase teenagers’ compliance in joining the program.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND ADOLESCENT'S COMPLIANCE IN JOINING THE INTEGRATED SERVICE POST PROGRAM FOR FAMILY (POSYANDU KELUARGA) AROUND THE WORK AREA OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE OF AIKMEL

Adolescence is a transition period recognized from physical, emotional, and psychological changes happening between 10-19 years of age. Teenagers’ health problems certainly need comprehensive and integrated treatment given through IEC, counseling, peer counseling, clinical/medical services, and referrals, including the Integrated Service Post program as a form of community participation in health services. Therefore, the integrated-service-post program should be able to expand its service range; not only for toddlers, pregnant and breast-feeding women, but also other strategic targets such as teenagers and the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between family support and adolescent compliance in joining the family posyandu around the working area of the Public Health Center of Aikmel.This research was a descriptive correlation study using an observational approach. The population of this study was 399 teenagers and the samples were 134 drawn using systematic cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to measure family support and observation sheets were used to find out adolescent compliance in joining the program. The data were then analyzed using the chi-square test.The results showed that the highest participation was shown by teenagers between 12-16 years of aged (70.1%) and the lowest participation was performed by adolescents aged 17-25 years (29.0%). Additionally, based on gender, girls participated more than boys (the participation of girls was 53%). Moreover, the result showed that the higher the education, the higher the family support. Finally, the levels of compliance were 53.7% (compliant) and 56.3% (non-compliant). The statistical test showed that ρ value = 0.009 (ρ < 0.05).Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a significant correlation between family support and adolescent compliance in joining the Integrated Service Post program for families around the working area of the Public Health Center of Aikmel. Hopefully, paramedics/cadres can provide counseling about the importance of family support to increase teenagers’ compliance in joining the program.

Refugee Girls' Secondary Education in Ethiopia: Examining the Vulnerabilities of Refugees and Host Communities in Low-Resource Displacement Settings

Refugee girls are one of the most marginalized groups in the world when it comes to school participation, and they are half as likely to enroll in secondary school as their male peers. Gender disparities can be made worse by conflict and displacement, and they often increase as children get older. As many low- and middle-income host countries move toward more inclusive models of refugee education, it's critical to identify barriers that may differentially limit the inclusion of refugee girls. I use two unique household surveys, conducted in Ethiopia, to examine the household and community factors that shape participation in secondary school. My findings suggest that the magnitude and sources of disadvantage vary across groups. Domestic responsibilities and concerns about safety in the community are more likely to limit secondary school participation for refugee girls than for refugee boys and host community girls. Other factors, including parental education and exposure to gender-based violence, are less likely to differ between refugee and host community girls. These findings have implications for education and social protection policies that target girls' education and wellbeing in both refugee and host communities.

Gender aspect of the development of a comprehensive school in the 1950s: problems and s and trends

The article considers some issues of the development of a comprehensive school in the 1945-1950s on the basis of historical sources and monographic studies. It has been noted that in the post-war years, the problem of involving mountain girls in the education process in schools continued to be an acute problem in the country, especially in the national regions of the country. In the 1950s they began to introduce a universal seven-year education throughout the country. The primary task of the Soviet school was to educate every student, regardless of their gender, to be a worker and collectivist, a builder of a communist society. The purpose of the article is to show the solution to the problem of enrolling girls in schools, taking into account the specific conditions of Dagestan. To resolve these difficulties, 2 types of boarding schools were created in the Republic: these are mass boarding schools and boarding schools with full state support. The latter played a big role in the education of mountain girls. The author concludes that, despite the post-war difficulties in the school education system, the systematic policy of the Soviet state in this matter, in particular, the more active participation of girls in the process of education in high school in national regions, had certain positive results.

Evaluation of Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Among Urban College Girls

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by increased level of androgens (Male hormones) and decreased level of female hormones causing a set of symptoms in affected females of reproductive age. The present study was aimed to find out the prevalence of PCOS among the urban College girls at Chennai and to analyse the effect of PCOS on hormones, biochemical as well as haematological parameters in the subjects. Out of 1500 urban college girls those who have participated in the survey at Chennai, 147 girls aged between 19-22 were found to have PCOS during the experimental period which was held from July 2019 to March 2020. The percentage of PCOS prevalence among the urban college girls was claimed to be 9.8 % (approximately 10 %). The percentage of obesity, overweight, normal weight and underweight among the urban college girls was arrived by calculating their Body Mass Index (BMI). Out of 1500 urban girl participants, 243 (16.2%) were found to have BMI in between 25 – 29.9 (overweight). It has been observed that 78 girls (5.2%) had BMI more than 29.9 (Obesity). Nearly 117 girls (5.8%) showed BMI lesser than 18.5 (Underweight). Out of 78 obese girls about 40 girls were found to have PCOS (51.28%) and nearly 85 girls had PCOS out of 243 overweight girls (34.97%). The levels of testosterone were found to be increased and progesterone was found to be decreased in test group. High sensitive C reactive protein (HS - CRP) levels showed significant (p

BARRIERS TO GIRL CHILD EDUCATION: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY AT SECONDARY LEVEL IN KOHIMA DISTRICT OF NAGALAND

In realization of the importance of the girl child, concerted efforts were mounted by the Governments at various levels to improve girls participation in education and redress the gender inequalities in education enrolment and retention. Therefore, the study was undertaken to analyze the psychological and institutional barriers that hinders girl child education at secondary level in Kohima district of Nagaland. The research design adopted for this study was descriptive survey research. The self developed tool used for the study was a closed form of questionnaire on barriers to girls schooling at secondary level where the girls have to either tick yes or no. The instrument was validated by ten experts in Faculty of Education and the same was administered to 500 girl students. In Kohima, there are five EBRCs (Educational Block Resource Centres) and from each EBRC, 100 students from secondary level were selected randomly both from private and government schools. The data collected were analyzed and interpreted in the light of the objective of the study by using percentage analysis. The study reveals that most of the girls feel safe, comfortable and secure to go to school. They also said that there is no gender discrimination and they prefer to study in co-educational institution. The study also reveals that most of the schools have the facilities that are necessary for running a school efficiently and effectively. The study concluded that most of the girls in Kohima do not face barriers in getting education. However, there are few girls who have negative attitude towards education and their school which might be due to cultural beliefs and practices, poverty, poor academic performance, etc. which are quite negligible when compare with the barriers faced by girls in some other communities.

¿qué dicen los manuales de historia sobre la infancia? análisis de textos escolares chilenos

History textbooks in Chile are characterized by exposing an adult-centered historical narrative that invisibilizes the participation of boys and girls, since they have traditionally focused on describing the political exploits carried out by elite adult men in national and western history. To evidence this problem, in this qualitative, exploratory and interpretive research, critical literacy is used to analyze the texts and images of four textbooks published between 2016 and 2019 by SM and Santillana publishers. From these manuals, thematic units related to Ancient Rome and Greece, colonial Chile, and European history of the 19th and 20th centuries were selected because they have the most relevant evidence to examine the subject. It is concluded that the analyzed discourses show that infants are marginalized social actors in history or are represented from the adult-centered paradigm as dependent and subordinate subjects to the adult world. Faced with this scenario, the importance of prioritizing children’s perspectives in the study of history and in the problematization of historical contents taught in the classroom is emphasized.

Gender Bias in New South Wales Higher School Certificate (HSC) Physics

A sense of belonging is an important factor for the persistence of girls in the study of physics. Content and imagery that presents the field as a masculine domain will undermine belonging and make it more difficult for girls to establish a physics identity that is congruent with their gender identity. The physics syllabus, final examinations and commonly used textbooks associated with the New South Wales Higher School Certificate were examined for gendered content. It was found that an emphasis on the history of physics in the syllabus has resulted in content and images in which male figures significantly outnumber female figures. This gendered content will be counter-productive to other efforts to increase the participation of girls in physics and suggestions on how this can be addressed are made.

Female Sports Participation, Gender Identity and the British 2010 Equality Act

ABSTRACT The inclusion of girls and women in sport at all levels depends on single sex categories for most sports from puberty onwards, because of the biological differences between the sexes. Most sport is, by definition, competitive; involving invasion games, teams, leagues, races, competitions and sometimes rankings, from foundation to excellence. Girls and women are underrepresented, particularly in traditional sport, as recognised by the UK Sports Councils and most governing bodies of sport. This paper uses feminist philosophy: Lister on androcentric citizenship, and Fraser on justice as balance, framing, recognition, representation and redistribution. It investigates the impact on the inclusion of girls and women, of eligibility policies adopting ‘self-identification of gender’ guidelines for the inclusion of transgender people in sport, at participation rather than elite levels. It explores fairness and equality as incorporated in law in the 2010 Equality Act in Britain, and contributes to ‘equality evidence’ available to the UK Sports Councils and GBS. These bodies are charged with developing fair and inclusive evidence-based eligibility criteria, in sports participation settings, for both girls and women, and transgender people.

Hospital-treated Australian Football injury in women and girls, Victoria, 2010/11-2019/20

Introduction: Rates of participation for women and girls playing Australian Football at the school, club and professional level in recent years has increased significantly, from 95,000 participants nationally in 2011 to 586,422 in 2019. In 2010, there were 58 female club teams in Victoria, increasing almost 20-fold to 1092 teams in 2019. The dramatic increase in participation has also seen a sharp rise in serious injuries such as concussion, ruptured ACLs and fractured wrists. The study aims to describe the incidence of hospital-treated Australian Football injuries among women and girls aged 5 years and above in Victoria, Australia. Methods: Routinely collected Victorian emergency department and hospital admissions data from 2010/11 to 2019/20 will be extracted and analysed. Trends over a ten-year period will be examined, while in-depth analysis will focus on the three most recent years of available data. Records will be restricted to females aged 5 plus years with an ICD-10-AM external cause activity code indicating Australian Football (admissions data), while narrative texts and Australian Football sports code will be used for selection of ED presentation data. Results: Outcome measures include frequencies and rates per 100,000 participants for hospital-treated Australian Football injury. Preliminary results: 2509 hospitalisations for women and girls injured while playing Australian Football from 2010/11 to 2019/20; hospitalisations were 94 in 2010/11, increased to 584 in 2018/19 and dropped to 311 in 2019/20 (reflecting limited activity during COVID-19 lockdown). Thirty-four percent (n=859) recorded for females aged 15 to 19 years, followed by 10 to 14 year olds (19%, n=473). Most injuries were to the head (29%, n=727), wrist/hand (24%, n=610) and knee/lower leg (21%, n=521). Discussion: It’s anticipated that both the frequency and participation-adjusted rate of hospital-treated female Australian Football injury will have increased over the past 10 years, with the highest increases occurring in more recent years of data. This research pushes the boundaries through the capture of state-wide population-based hospital treated injury cases. The inclusion of descriptive text regarding the circumstances of injury events in the VEMD is a unique feature that can provide valuable information not adequately described by standard health coding systems. The demographic profile and injury description might also provide a basis for injury prevention to curb the injury trend. Conflict of interest statement: I acknowledge that I have no conflict of interest of relevance to the submission of this abstract.

INITIATIVES AND ROLE OF WOMEN SCIENTIST FORUMS WITH MENTORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES IN STEM

Women scientists are strategically positioned to drive the current initiatives for achieving targeted sustainable development goals (SDGs). Many women are celebrated today, who have made significant contributions in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), despite hurdles they have been faced with in their science careers. Engaging in normal scientific collaborations was difficult for some of them and simply impossible for others. They were not encouraged by the predominantly male environments of university and business worlds, barred from the communities in which male scientists met and conversed, these women in science struggled against discrimination based on gender. While many of these women have been nearly lost to history in a changing world, some achieved such pinnacles as the Nobel Prize by surmounting these hurdles. This paper investigates factors that inhibit women in science. To this end, a survey design based on random sampling technique using a questionnaire instrument was designed, to retrieve information from individuals engaged in science careers. The study population involved one hundred and fourteen post-graduate science students of the University of Benin. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 for descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that females view mentorship as a very important factor towards their career progression in STEM, but 29% lacked mentors. 73% of the women were not aware of women scientist forums with mentorship opportunities. They were faced with the barrier of funding, lack of mentors and personally encountered gender bias amongst other barriers. From our result, it is evident that the role of mentors to mentees and women scientist initiatives alongside forums with mentoring activities, cooperation, networking and collaborative groups is needed to increase the participation of women and girls in STEM. It is recommended that mentoring forums and strategies should be adopted in schools and organizations to encourage girls and women in science.

Applying a Transformative Justice Approach to Encourage the Participation of Black and Latina Girls in Computing

Global protests and civil unrest in 2020 has renewed the world’s interest in addressing injustice due to structural racism and oppression toward Black and Latinx people in all aspects of society, including computing. In this article, we argue that to address and repair the harm created by institutions, policies, and practices that have systematically excluded Black and Latina girls from computer science, an intersectional, transformative justice approach must be taken. Leveraging testimonial authority, we share our past 8 years of experience designing, implementing, and studying Digital Youth Divas, a programmatic and systemic approach to encouraging middle school Black and Latina girls to participate in STEM. Specifically, we propose three principles to counter structural racism and oppression embedded in society and computing education: computing education must (1) address local histories of injustice by engaging community members; (2) counter negative stereotypes perpetuated in computer science by creating inclusive safe spaces and counter-narratives; and (3) build sustainable, computational capacity in communities. To illustrate each principle, we provide specific examples of the harm created by racist policies and systems and their effect on a specific community. We then describe our attempt to create counter structures and the subsequent outcomes for the girls, their families, and the community. This work contributes a framework for STEM and computing educators to integrate transformative justice as a method of repairing the harm that both society and the field of computing has and continues to cause Black and Latinx communities. We charge policy makers, educators, researchers, and community leaders to examine histories of oppression in their communities and to adopt holistic, transformative approaches that counter structural oppression at the individual and system level.

ممارسة الأنشطة البدنية على الفتيات ذوات الإعاقةالفكرية من وجهة نظر آبائهن في المملكة العربية السعودية

Disabled girls effective participation in the invironomental activities is of great importance .This assures the importance of disabled girls participation in the physical activities spcially those whose mentally disabled.The studies and researches support the professtional and those who work in the field of physical education and direct them towards the dialy practice of sports and the advantages of physical activity for its benefit for human brain soul and body. The study aimed at revealing the relation- ship between physical activities and the health benefits for their practice.For the purpose of the study questionaires were used, directed to disabled girls parents (the mental age 2-16 years) in order to identify the relation-ship between physical activity and its influence on the different aspects of growth .The finding showed that the parents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have positive attitudes.

Distress Among Adolescents: An Exploration of Mattering, Social Media Addiction, and School Connectedness

This study aimed to explore the effects of mattering, social media addiction, online activity, school connectedness, age, and gender on anxiety/depressive symptomatology among U.S. adolescents. A nationally representative Qualtrics panel sample consisting of 441 adolescents ( Mage = 17.3; SDage = 1.67) participated in this study. The results of a three-step hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that gender, social media usage, and mattering were most strongly associated with adolescent distress (i.e., anxiety/depressive symptom reporting). For the full predictive model with all six predictors added, mattering was found to significantly improve the prediction of adolescents’ anxiety/depressive symptomatology, contributing an additional 12.8% of explained variance. For this sample, adolescent girls participants reported experiencing more anxiety/depressive symptoms. Furthermore, higher levels of social media usage, indicative of an addictive stage, and lower levels of mattering were related to more significant anxiety/depressive symptomatology. Overall, mattering was found to significantly correlate with adolescent distress, online activity, problematic social media usage, and school connectedness, evidencing its importance in addressing adolescent mental health.

Five-Year Changes in Community-Level Sport Participation, and the Role of Gender Strategies.

Background: The rate of participation in community-based sport by boys and men has been double that of girls and women. Contributing to this is the fact that some sports have been traditionally male-only or at least very male-dominated.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in participation in sport by sex and age across 10 major sports in Australia over a 5-year period. In conjunction with the analysis of participation trends, the gender strategies that were developed and implemented during this time are reviewed.Methods: This study encompassed all sport participants registered with one of 10 State Sporting Associations in Victoria, Australia in 2015 and in 2019. Participation rates by region, age and sex were calculated. State sport and health policies relating to female participation in sport were reviewed.Results: There were 749,037 registrations in 2015 and 868,266 in 2019. A comparison between 2015 and 2019 shows increases in participation for women and girls across all age groups (4–84 years), and highest increases for those aged 4 (6.6%) and 5–9 (4.7%). For boys there was a considerable decrease in participation for those aged 5–9 years (−3.8%).Discussion: This study provides evidence that whilst participation in sport is still dominated by males, the gap might be gradually closing and this is in line with recent strategies and investments into sport and wider cultural developments in society. The implications of these findings are discussed.

The psychology of the female athlete: how mental health and wellness mediate sports performance, injury and recovery

: The increase in athletic participation of girls and women over the last half-century has brought into focus the need to better understand the psychology of female athletes. This review explores various non-physical factors that contribute to athletic success, such as resilience, mindfulness and sleep. The role of anxiety and depression in sport-related injury is another key issue that those invested in an athlete’s training must be able to recognize and manage. Additionally, disordered eating and the harmful effects of social media affect females differently and at a higher rate than their male counterparts. Lastly, understanding how the female athlete views injury and recovery may allow us to successfully return injured athletes to sport. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of how a female athlete’s mental and emotional well-being affect her athletic performance, injury risk and recovery following sports-related injury.

The Contribution of Women in the Bengali Language Movement (1952): A Historical Analysis

During the period 1947-48, student movements started in various areas of Bangladesh demanding to make Bengali one of the state languages. Through participation in these movements, political awareness among the girls of Bengal increased. So in the final stages of the 1952 language movement, the massive participation of girls can be noticed. The girls of Dhaka and the girls of different districts and sub-divisional cities of Bangladesh took an active part in the 1952 language movement. In addition to school-college girls, various members of various women's organizations such as Shishuraksha Samiti, Wari Mahila Samiti, and others actively take part in the 1952 language movement. Therefore, the role of Bengali women in the Bengali language movement was unforgettable. Apart from men, women also acted as supporting forces of the language movement in various ways from their position. Therefore, the idea which Bengali women are just helpless, helpless is not correct. In this article, we have analyzed the role of women in the Bengali language movement.

Effect of Home-Based Factors on Girls' Participation in Education in Public Secondary Schools in Pokot Central Sub-County, Kenya

The tenacity of the enquiry was to scrutinize the effect of home-based factors on girls’ participation in education in Pokot Central Sub-County in West Pokot County in Kenya. This is in the dainty of apprehension that notwithstanding the introduction of Free secondary Education in Kenya, infrastructure funding by both the National and County governments, bursaries for needy students from National, County governments Non-Governmental organizations and mentorship programs for girls by Non-governmental organizations to stimulate girls participation in education in Arid and Semi-Arid areas in Kenya, girls participation in secondary school education in West Pokot County has endured indefinable and below par participation. The study was guided by the following research questions: what is the effect girls’ participation in home chores and family size on girls' participation in education in Pokot Central Sub-County, West Pokot County, Kenya. The study adopted quantitative research methodology, ex-post facto research design. The study targeted 3100 girls in public secondary schools. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select a sample of 341 girls to participate in the study. Census approach was used in which all the 15 Principals and 15 PTA Chairpersons of the sampled schools were involved in the study. Questionnaires, Interview Schedules and Document analysis guide were used as data collection instruments. Data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Graphic statistics was analyzed in form of frequencies, proportions, mean and standard deviation. Analysis of Variance was used to test the hypotheses. The enquiry established that there was a negative association between family size and girls’ participation in home chores and their participation in education. The study concluded that increased family size and girls’ participation in home chores affected girls’ participation in education negatively. The study recommended that girls should be given minimal home chores so as to enable them to effectively participate in education.

Household access to water and education for girls: The case of villages in hilly and mountainous areas of Nepal

ABSTRACT This study examines the effect of household water accessibility on children’s educational attainment in villages situated in the remote hilly and mountainous areas of Nepal. Educational attainment was measured based on school attendance, grade repetition, and completion of primary and lower-secondary schooling. The estimation results show that a one-hour increase in the time spent on a water-fetching trip will decrease the probability of girls completing primary school by about 17 percentage points (in the age group of 14–16 years). Although boys’ completion rate is less affected, they are more likely to repeat a grade. Additional analyses indicate that these results are driven by the increased participation of older boys and younger girls in household duties.

IMPACT OF SOCIAL SERVICES PARTICIPATION OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS ON THEIR ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

The objectives of the study were to investigate the impact of i) social services participation undergraduate students on their academic achievement; ii) social services participation undergraduate boys students on their academic achievement, and iii) social services participation of the undergraduate girls students on their academic achievement. A sample of 80 undergraduate students of Gangadhar Meher University, 40 each from participants and non-participants students were selected randomly. Out of which 20 each from boys and girls undergraduate students were participants groups and 20 each from boys and girls undergraduate students were from non-participants groups. Information Inventory on Social Service Participation Test was used for data collection and average academic achievement SGPA score of undergraduate students given by university was adopted for accessing the academic achievement of students. The‘t’ test revealed that i) there was no impact of social service on academic achievements of undergraduate students. Academic achievement of both social service participant and non-participant undergraduate students were similarly; ii) there was no impact of social service on academic achievements of participant and non-participant undergraduate boys students’. Academic achievement of both social service participant and non-participan boys undergraduate students’ were same line; and iii) there was no impact of social service on academic achievements of participant and non-participant undergraduate girls students. Academic achievement of both social service participant and non-participant girls undergraduate students’ were same line. KEY WORDS: Social Services, Participation, Under Graduate, Academic Achievement