Participation Of Disabled People Research Articles

'You have to make it accessible and it's really not': priority actions to support disabled people to be physically active.

Disabled people are more likely than non-disabled people to be physically inactive, placing them at increased risk of ill-health. Many disabled people want to be more physically active yet feel there is inadequate support to do so. Evidence on the tangible actions that would support disabled people to be active is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the key actions that would best support disabled people's participation in physical activity. Twenty-one disabled people (62% >45 years, 48% male) were purposively sampled to take part in online focus groups (2-6 participants per group). Six focus groups were undertaken using a semi-structured guide, with transcripts thematically analysed. Thirteen themes were identified across four levels of the ecological model - interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy. Priority actions include mandatory training on how to support disabled people, improvements to the accessibility of facilities and equipment, improved frequency of public transport to activity centres, and actions to improve societal attitudes towards disabled people. A systems-based approach is needed, combining actions across levels of the ecological model, to ensure equitable access to physical activity for disabled people.

Kosningar, lýðræði og fatlað fólk

Kosningaréttur er grundvallarréttur þegna í lýðræðisríkjum og þátttaka í kosningum álitin ein af mikilvægustu athöfnum borgaranna. Þó að þessi réttindi skuli tryggð öllum þegnum sýna alþjóðlegar rannsóknir að fatlað fólk er víða útilokað frá þátttöku í kosningum. Fatlað fólk er síður líklegt til að kjósa en ófatlað fólk og mætir iðulega ýmsum hindrunum ef það reynir að taka þátt í kosningum. Þessi grein fjallar um kosningaþátttöku fatlaðs fólks með hliðsjón af niðurstöðum alþjóðlegra rannsókna. Í upphafi eru raktar helstu hindranir í vegi kosningaþátttöku fatlaðs fólks og leitast við að svara hvaða áhrif þessar hindranir hafi, ekki aðeins fyrir fatlaða borgara, heldur jafnframt hvað það þýði fyrir heilbrigði lýðræðis og lýðræðislegra stofnana þegar hluti þegnanna mætir alvarlegum hindrunum varðandi borgaraleg grundvallarréttindi. Íslenskar rannsóknir á þessu sviði eru ekki fyrir hendi og engin skipuleg tölfræðileg gögn eru til varðandi þátttöku fatlaðs fólks í kosningum eða stjórnmálum hér á landi. Byggt á gögnum sem aflað var hjá tveimur fjölmennustu heildarsamtökum fatlaðs fólks hér á landi er rýnt í reynslu, aðstæður og möguleika fatlaðs fólks til þátttöku í kosningum á Íslandi, lagasetningar þar að lútandi og skyldur ríkisins til að stuðla að og tryggja þátttöku fatlaðs fólks í stjórnmálum og opinberu lífi, ekki síst í ljósi þess að Samningur Sameinuðu þjóðanna (SÞ) um réttindi fatlaðs fólks (SRFF) hefur verið fullgiltur hér á landi.

Analysis of the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Barrier-Free Tourism in Chongqing——Taking the physically handicapped people as an example

According to the statistics of China Disabled Persons Federation, there are about 85 million disabled people in China, 60% of them have the will to travel, but only 11.7% of them have realized the travel. The imperfect domestic barrier-free tourism facilities and the lack of barrier-free tourism products and services are the biggest obstacles for people with disabilities to travel. In recent years, the state has continuously issued policies to accelerate the construction of barrier-free facilities and guarantee the travel rights of disabled people, coupled with the accelerated aging, barrier-free tourism will have a huge market. This paper analyzes the existing problems of the barrier-free market and explores the effective ways of accessible tourism for disabled people by taking the overall situation of disabled people's participation in tourism in Chongqing as the sample material, through field research, interview and questionnaire distribution. Based on the specific practice in China and the advanced practice in foreign countries, this paper puts forward proposals for the development of barrier-free tourism in accordance with the actual situation in China, and promotes the development and improvement of the tourism market for the disabled.

The impact of adaptive sports on the social adaptation of disabled people

Adaptive physical education is one of the constituent parts of culture, which is intended for people who, as a result of disease, injury, anatomical or mental defect, have strong and sharp morphological disorders of body functions and organs. It aims to develop the individual's functional, and psychological abilities and, if necessary, compensatory mechanisms, which enable a person to achieve self-reliance (depend only on himself) and lead an active lifestyle. The main goal of disabled people's participation in adaptive sports is to restore lost contact with the surrounding world, to create the necessary conditions for restoring relations with society and joining it, to participate in socially useful activities, and to self-participate in the rehabilitation of one's own health.

Analyzing the Legislative Prescriptions Representing Persons with Disabilities in South Africa

The legislative prescriptions promoting and protecting the rights of disabled people in South Africa are some of the most comprehensive globally. These prescriptions are applied across all the spheres of government to eliminate the discrimination faced by persons with disabilities. This study analyzed selected legislation and public policies representing persons with disabilities in the country with reference to the City of Cape Town. The study sought to identify features of the government’s efforts to improve the lives and participation of disabled people and to better implement inclusive legislation and policies. Through a desktop analysis, the study found that legislation and governmental policies that protect and promote the rights of persons with disabilities provide a framework from which disabled people can exercise their economic, political, and social rights as equal members of the citizenry. However, the state of disability in relation to policy and legislation does pose challenges to the effectiveness of these prescriptions to eliminate discrimination and promote equality. The study recommends the strengthening of legislation and policies through strategies that involve the partnerships of government and civil society. There is also a need to review the existing legislative framework to identify and eliminate barriers that limit the equality of disabled people.

Do disabled people also vote? Electoral frameworks and voting participation in Nigeria’s 2019 elections

As voting represents the peak of citizen engagement in politics, this article assessed electoral laws and guidelines, and how they influenced the voting participation of disabled people during Nigeria’s 2019 general elections. It relied on the qualitative and quantitative methods to source data from key participants, including disabled students at the Federal College of Education (Special) Oyo, Nigeria’s main training institution for disabled people. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics and contently analysed. The article revealed that beyond constitutional provisions guaranteeing equal participation of all, legislations such as the 2010 Electoral Act, where well implemented, positively influenced the voting participation of disabled people. However, challenges of braille ballot papers, transportation restriction, and stigmatization adversely affected their voting participation. The article offers recommendations for enhanced inclusion of disabled people and for closing the disability gap in future elections. Points of Interest The Electoral Act (as amended) provides opportunities for enhanced voting participation of disabled people during elections in Nigeria but majority of them are not aware of these provisions. The research found that the electoral officials did not follow all the provisions of the Electoral Act during the 2019 elections, and this affected the voting participation of many disabled people. Non-availability of brail ballot papers and sign language interpreter at the voting centers as well as restriction placed on mobility on the day of election restricted the participation of disabled people in the 2019 general elections in Nigeria. The study recommended an improvement in the implementation of the Electoral Act by the electoral officials to improve voting participation of disabled people in Nigeria. The study recommended that electoral reforms that include electronic voting system and transmission of results should be implemented and strengthened in subsequent elections in Nigeria.

Should Disabled People Attend Livestock Activities? Disable People, Instructors and Employer Perspective

The aim of the study is to examine the positive/negative effects of both disabled people and livestock enterprises with the participation of disabled people in livestock farm activities with survey researches. The current situation and problems on disabled individuals, trainers and livestock farm owners related to the employment of disabled individuals in livestock farm activities have been revealed, the necessity of providing the necessary training and state incentives for the disabled individuals to enter business life has come to the fore. It has been foreseen that it is necessary by both the livestock farm owners and it has been concluded that those responsible for this area should carry out studies. As a result, when the answers are evaluated, it can be said that disabled individuals want to take responsibility for the care and feeding of animals and they are positively affected when spending time with animals. Additionally, participants in the research believe that disabled people can be included in business life if given the opportunity, when they receive vocational training on a correct and sectoral basis.

Disability and work intensity in Italian households

The 2030 Agenda of the United Nations clearly sets the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the labour market as a main goal. However, especially in care welfare systems characterized by a low level of social services, disability not only impacts the labour market participation of disabled people themselves but may also affect the labour opportunities of other members of their household. Using EU-SILC data to compute individual work intensity-as a better measure of the actual level of labour attainment-this paper aims to disentangle direct and indirect correlations between disability and labour market participation in Italian households. In confirming the negative direct correlation between disability and labour market participation, the results also show a negative indirect correlation that depends on the family relationship between the disabled person and household members.

Disabled people and the labor market in the 1950s: the Japanese experience

AbstractOutbreaks of war create large numbers of disabled people. After Japan's defeat in World War II, the Japanese government, under the policy of GHQ, began to create labor policies for disabled soldiers and the general disabled. However, historical research on the labor market participation of the disabled in Japan has not progressed. This study examines the job placement program for the physically disabled in the immediate postwar period. The end of the war encouraged the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market. In the early 1950s, the Ministry of Labor actively tried to find jobs for the disabled to improve the lives of disabled soldiers and bring new labor market participation to disabled people. This research revealed an active debate on whether the participation of disabled people in the labor market should be promoted by coercive state policies requiring companies to hire people with disabilities or by public support. Through analysis of the labor market for disabled people in 1950s, we will provide hints for deeper thinking about who the workers are and what it means to work in our society.

К ВОПРОСУ О ПОРТРЕТЕ ИНВАЛИДА В СМИ

The article presents the results of a study of the features of coverage of events involving disabled people in modern Russian media. The data obtained are considered in four perspectives: the reflection of socio-demographic characteristics of the disabled in the media, the main topics covered by publications with the participation of disabled people, the activity of disabled people described by the media, the general emotional coloring of news articles about people with disabilities. The article is based on the results of content analysis of news articles published in the period from December 2020 to August 2021 in RBC, RIA Novosti, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, TASS, Izvestia. The analysis showed that the image of a disabled person broadcast in the media is poorly differentiated with respect to socio-demographic parameters and health characteristics, leaving out of consideration the diversity of material living conditions and the social situation of people with disabilities. Basic needs are prevalent in the description of disabled people, while creative and spiritual ones are leveled. The media articles are dominated by paternalistic attitudes in characterizing the disabled: they need protection and assistance provided by the executive branch and law enforcement agencies. Despite a sufficiently high social activity, a disabled person turns out to be an object of action that has no identity.

Consolidating information on disability-inclusive policies: a case study on white papers in Mongolia from the perspective of international technical cooperation

ABSTRACTThis exploratory and practical case study examines one country’s white papers on disability policies whilst drawing upon experiences of an international technical cooperation project. The creation process, contents, and functions of white papers on disability in Mongolia are analysed descriptively using document data and the author’s field notes. This case study on the practice which can be considered macro social work reveals that the creation of the Mongolian white papers was a constructive and dynamic process, participated in by both domestic and international actors. It was found that white papers have multiple functions, such as sharing fundamental information to promote the participation of disabled people and to monitor disability-inclusive policies. This article evinces how white papers on disability can be a foundation of knowledge and information on disability-inclusive policies and development for various stakeholders.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИНТЕГРИРОВАНИЯ ИНВАЛИДОВ В АГРАРНЫЙ РЫНОК ТРУДА

The article presents an analysis of the state of the inclusive labor market in agriculture, reveals potential opportunities for expanding the labor participation of disabled people in the rural economy, and substantiates proposals for creating organizational and economic mechanisms to increase their employment, which is consistent with The State Program for integrated development of rural territories for the period up to 2025. Based on the analysis of the state of the inclusive labor market in the rural economy, the potential opportunities for expanding the labor participation of disabled people in rural areas in order to increase employment and maintain the population in rural areas are revealed. Proposals to improve the efficiency of the inclusive labor market in agriculture and increase the income of the rural population are proposed and justified.

장애인의 태권도참여를 통한 운동만족, 운동수행스트레스 및 생활만족의 구조적 관계

The purpose of this research is to determine the structural relationship between satisfaction of exercise, stress in exercise, and satisfaction in life through participation of disabled people in Taekwondo. This research is intended to provide basic data to motivate the participation of people with disabilities in everyday sports. Therefore, a questionnaire survey of 250 persons with disabilities who are learning Taekwondo through the sports center for the disabled in the Gyeongnam district was conducted. Of these, we collected 221 replies which were valid and used them for the final analysis. The analyses was done using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 18.0 statistics program, and the results were the following; First, it appeared that psychological/internal satisfaction affects stress negatively. Second, it turned out that physical satisfaction influences stress negatively. Third, psychological/internal satisfaction turned out to have statistical effect on living satisfaction. Fourth, physical satisfaction turned out to have statistical effect on living satisfaction. Fifth, stress appeared not to effect living satisfaction.

The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) as a Tool for Facilitating Pan-Disability Focus Groups and as a New Method for Quantifying Changes in Qualitative Data

This article reaffirms the value and flexibility of the nominal group technique (NGT) when conducting qualitative focus groups (QFGs). In the project that will be discussed, the methods used expanded the application of the NGT into the realm of pan-disability (i.e., individuals with differing impairments) research. It provides requirements and recommendations for the full inclusion and participation of disabled people into projects where the pertinent source of qualitative data is obtained from QFGs. Furthermore, this article describes innovative additional steps to the NGT that are beneficial to researchers. This includes a method of evaluating the data that is often lost between the NGTs’ stages of initial and final rankings. These new methods ensure pertinent data are not overlooked.

Challenges in occupational justice and social inclusion: Selected experiences within Valdivia’s civil society

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a summary and discussion—from the viewpoint of occupational science—of the panel titled Challenges and Experiences of Social Organizations of Valdivia County, conducted during the First Occupational Justice and Social Inclusion Seminar held in Valdivia, Chile, in 2016. Based on the narratives of stakeholders from five social organizations, a theoretical discussion about four issues is introduced, namely; human rights, disability as an exclusion paradigm in Chile, citizen participation of disabled people, and diversity as a form of social inclusion. The theoretical discussion is aimed at identifying and further theorizing occupational (in)justice and social inclusion experiences following a sequence of actions towards achieving full rights. To improve our understanding, and although the themes respond to a universal language, context is provided on these organizations’ original areas as well as on the historical, political and social context of social organizations in Chile. The findings reveal the meaning of discourses and actions for the transformation of social processes aiming at social inclusion and occupational justice to reveal differences and everyone’s right to engage in meaningful occupations, both individually and collectively.

Empowering Parents as Co-producers: Personal Assistance for Families with Disabled Children

Personal assistance (PA) is seen as an important tool for empowerment, independence and participation for disabled people, traditionally for adults. In Norway, PA was extended to families with disabled children in 2006, but the extent so far is modest. The change meant that the parents could act as managers for their children’s assistants. A central issue in this article is to what extent co-producing PA with the municipality empowers the parents as family managers. The empirical basis is a study among Norwegian parents with disabled children who receive PA. The data indicate that PA makes parents feel more empowered and improves their control and coping. It also gives their children the benefit of both parental care and increasing independence. However, in the decision-making process of granting and following up PA, the parents also experience that they are not regarded as equal co-producers by the municipal services.

Invisible cyclists? Disabled people and cycle planning – A case study of London

This paper reports on analysis of over 50 London transport and cycling strategy documents. Both image and text were analysed, in exploring representations of disabled people, particularly as cyclists or potential cyclists. It remains unusual for disabled people's cycling to be considered within broader transport strategy documents; instead they are overwhelmingly conceptualised as public transport users and pedestrians. By contrast it was more usual for cycling strategies to at least mention disabled people as cyclists or potential cyclists. However, discussion of policies that might increase disabled people's participation in cycling was often limited to general aspirations or references to leisure cycling clubs and training. Few images in cycling strategies (and even less so transport strategies) showed non-standard cycles of the kind used by some disabled cyclists. Disabled people's cycling (and barriers to cycling) needs further research and a policy approach that targets social and structural exclusion from cycling, not only individual ability and attitudes. More thought needs to be given to a range of types of disability and how these might affect cycling needs.

A new approach to understanding labour supply of disabled people

ABSTRACTThe main interest of this article is to propose an individual utility maximization model to explain the low participation of disabled people. We account for heterogeneity of preferences and furthermore time of self-caring for disabled individuals is considered as an argument in the utility function. The hours of work decided by disabled individuals are neither homogeneous (they depend on unknown characteristics) nor continuous (discrete choice sets). We use data of 4790 households from the Spanish Survey of Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency and find association between time of informal care and labour participation and, consequently, the choice between jobs.

Kosningar, lýðræði og fatlað fólk

The right to vote is a fundamental right of citizenship in democratic nations, and participation in elections in one of the most important acts undertaken by citizens. Although these rights are guaranteed to all citizens, international research shows that disabled people are widely excluded from participation in elections. Disabled people are less likely to vote than non-disabled people and often encounter various obstacles when they try to participate in elections. This article discusses the voting participation of disabled people in consideration of the international research. The main barriers that disabled people encounter in the voting process will first be outlined. This will be followed by questions concerning the effects these obstacles produce, not only for disabled citizens, but what this means overall for the health of democracy and democratic institutions when a portion of the citizenry encounter serious obstacles concerning their basic civil rights. Icelandic research in this field is extremely limited and no systematic statistical data exists on the participation of disabled people in elections, or politics in general, in this country. Based on data drawn from sources from two of the largest disabled people’s organization in the country, the focus here is on the experiences, circumstances and opportunities for disabled people to participate in elections in the country. The findings draw attention to the obligations of the state to promote and ensure the participation of disabled people in politics and public life in light of the recent ratification in Iceland of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

Social participation of people with disabilities in boxing and capoeira: a comparative ethnographic multi-sited focus

This research focuses on the social participation of people with disabilities practising capoeira in Brazil and boxing in France. From a multi-sited ethnographic research, we observed that disability did not prevent social participation. On the one hand, capoeira and boxing are based on cultural values through which vulnerability and alterity are seen positively. On the other hand, the degree of socio-political participation is higher in boxing, because disabled boxers have had to stand up for disability rights in order to be officially recognized within the federal boxing system. Conversely, in capoeira, disabled capoeiristas have to follow the path of the master to be accepted, which gives them position for potential increase in the social participation of disabled people.