University Participation Research Articles

Students’ engagement in research at the university: A sociological analysis

One of the priorities of Russia’s scientific-educational policy is to increase the attractiveness of a career in science and higher education. The Russian government implements a number of federal programs aimed at involving the youth in research activities. Students’ research work is a traditional integral part of the educational process, an element of the generational continuity, of the formation and renewal of scientific schools, of tutoring and professional training. However, when students are involved in research, there are difficulties determined by the peculiarities of the organization of the higher education and by the students’ personal characteristics. The article considers the features of the participation of the Russian universities’ students in research, their scientific achievements and problems that limit or hinder their involvement in research activities, reduce their motivation and satisfaction with studies in general. The article is based on the survey of the Russian universities’ students, conducted by the Center for Education Development Strategy of the Moscow State University in November - December 2022 (N = 123977). The results of the survey show that, when studying at the university, students differ significantly in the quality and forms of training, realization of individual abilities and inclinations, level of motivation and requests for higher education. Therefore, the educational process should be organized in such a way as to comprehensively realize the students’ individual abilities, provide a flexible approach to educational trajectories and support the involvement of the majority of students in research activities.

Psychological and educational effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on online students and faculty of a ghanaian university

This is a qualitative study that employed exploratory design to inquire from 15 participants of Central University (Ghana) about their experience with the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana. An in-depth interview was conducted, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that participants experienced fear expressed in four key domains reported under four key themes thus: Experiencing psychological distress; Burden of economic hardships; Fear of inefficient health system; and Educational disruptions and worries involved in online teaching and learning. The study concludes that the upsurge of COVID-19 has triggered psychological, economic, and educational conundrums that have to be addressed. This paper contributes to the growing body of studies on COVID-19 and effects on lecturers and students. The burgeoning evidence of the mental health distress following COVID-19 should be a wake-up call for universities and Ghana as a whole to invest both in infrastructure and manpower in this area of health care delivery. Vaccine hesitancy research must be conducted to improve upon health educational campaigns. The significant disruption from the pandemic is a fair warning to all stakeholders to make educational e-learning infrastructure resilient against similar future shocks. The implications of the findings for health and educational policies in Ghana are addressed.

Complexities, Challenges, and Opportunities of Mobile Learning: A Case Study at the University of Jordan

With the increasing popularity of mobile learning in educational settings, the use of social networking sites (SNSs) as a tool for remote learning has become increasingly prevalent. However, the negative aspects of mobile learning through SNSs have not been extensively explored by scholars. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to investigate the impact of social overload, information overload, life invasion, and privacy invasion on students’ technostress and exhaustion and the resulting reduced intention to use SNSs for mobile learning. We also aim to investigate the impact of social overload, information overload, life invasion, and privacy invasion on students’ technostress and exhaustion and the resulting reduced intention to use SNSs for mobile learning. Data were collected through an online survey from 648 voluntary participants in Jordanian universities. The SOR framework provided a theoretical foundation for understanding the impact of SNSs on mobile learning. Through this study, we found information overload and life invasion were significantly related to higher levels of technostress and exhaustion among students. This suggests that, when students feel overwhelmed by excessive information or when their personal lives are invaded by SNS use, they experience increased technostress and exhaustion. Moreover, the study revealed that technostress and exhaustion were positively associated with a reduced intention to use SNSs for mobile learning. This indicates students who experience higher levels of technostress and exhaustion are less likely to engage with SNSs as a platform for their mobile learning needs. In contrast, we did not find a significant relationship between social overload and technostress, suggesting the amount of social interaction on SNSs may not directly contribute to students’ technostress levels. Additionally, we observed no significant relationship between privacy invasion and exhaustion, indicating privacy concerns may not directly contribute to students’ feelings of exhaustion in the context of mobile learning through SNSs. Regarding practical implications, we thus suggest the importance of establishing norms and rules to protect students’ privacy and prevent overburdening them with excessive SNS use. The SOR framework provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the impact of SNSs on mobile learning, and future researchers could benefit from its application.

Gray matter density within the middle cingulate gyrus mediates the relationship between English proficiency and verbal creativity

English ability reflects a complex phenomenon predicted by many variables. It is often conceptualised as a combination of English proficiency, acquisition age, and immersed experience. Bilingualism is also associated with verbal creativity. However, there are few studies on the neural basis of the relationship between English proficiency and verbal creativity. We used voxel-based morphometry to assess the neuroanatomical basis underlying English proficiency in a large sample of college participants (N = 254). We identified a significant positive correlation between English proficiency and the middle cingulate gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, cuneus, and the right inferior temporal gyrus. Mediation analysis revealed that the correlation between English proficiency and verbal creativity was mediated by the density region of the middle cingulate gyrus. These data suggested that left middle cingulate gyrus activation reflects cognitive flexibility and inhibition ability, which is linked to bilingualism, and improves bilinguals’ verbal creativity.

PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN BUKET UANG DAN SNACK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS IQ RENDAH SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DESA GALIS DAJAH KECAMATAN KONANG KABUPATEN BANGKALAN

Galis Dajah is one of the villages that has problems, especially in the quality of human resources, which are very minimal, including the people of Galis Dajah Village who do not take advantage of the potential that exists in the village, lack of water during the dry season, many people choose to leave the city to improve their economy compared to developing own village, and the declining mindset of students and even parents who think that working is more profitable than continuing their education to a higher level. This is a challenge for the group of real college participants to change the potential of the village with community service programs in the form of guiding children with low IQs and holding bouquet-making training. This program is carried out offline and field practice on the target object. in the program guiding children with low IQ, it is carried out with the method of slow reading repetition, in the bouquet-making training program it is carried out by direct practice methods with the community and students. The purpose of the program is to improve the community's ability and provide motivation for the achievement of quality human resources. The target in this activity is the community around the KKN location consisting of housewives, teenagers and children with low IQs.

시민의 대학-지역사회 연계 협동학습 프로그램 참여 경험에 관한 질적 사례연구

The purpose of this study is to provide the program effectiveness and the possibility of university-region linkage according to the application of cooperative learning through the community-linked cooperative learning program conducted at D University in Gyeongbuk. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, interviews were conducted with 13 program participants. First, citizen participants preferred cooperative learning to lecture-type traditional learning, but class satisfaction was different depending on their liking for fellow participants. Second, participation in the program had a positive effect on the sense of belonging to the community and the formation of social networks. Third, the mutual feedback of cooperative learning was effective in strengthening activity participation and emotional bonding. Fourth, the experience of participating in the program helped change the perception of local universities. In short, the community connection program was a useful program for university and citizen participants, and cooperative learning acted as an effective learning method for all participants.

Investigating the Effect of Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka on the Success of Its Implementation: Moderating Role of Readiness to Change

The implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program as a new concept in the scope of higher education in Indonesia requires the full participation of universities, teaching staff, and students in the form of understanding and readiness to change towards this new paradigm. This study examines the effect of understanding MBKM on the success of its implementation moderated by a readiness to change. The research sample was students and lecturers at the Faculty of Vocational Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, with 100 participants. This study uses a questionnaire as a research instrument and is analyzed with regression analysis to test the proposed hypothesis. The study's results reveal that the understanding of MBKM positively influences the success of its implementation, and readiness to change can improve the relationship of understanding with the implementation of MBKM.

Paragraph Organization Errors in the Writing of Pakistani College-Going Students: An Error Analysis Study

Writing something worthy of reading in a foreign language is a challenging task. Students learning English as a foreign or a second language suffer most in writing especially in paragraph writing. Although studies have been conducted to explore language errors in English composition of Pakistani students, paragraph organization errors have received little attention. Therefore, this study investigated errors in the unity, development, and coherence in the paragraphs written by Pakistani college students. Besides, the study also explored the factors that cause errors in the paragraphs. In this regard, writing samples of purposively selected 20 college participants were analyzed using error analysis classification by Liu and Wang (2011). Thereafter, five participants were interviewed individually through semi-structured interviews to explore factors that cause errors in the paragraphs of college students. The findings revealed that the students made most errors in paragraph unity, followed by paragraph development, and then paragraph coherence. Besides, the thematic analysis of the interviews revealed that cramming culture, excessive attention given to grammar and lack of quality feedback were the key factors that had affected the paragraph organization skills of these students. The study discusses implications for students and teachers.

Using Simulation in International Business Correspondence Courses for China’s English-Major Undergraduates

This study reports an investigative study with 55 English-major participants in a Chinese university about using simulation in business English correspondence teaching. The study found that participants had strong needs in practical skills development and learning business English correspondence writing. The simulation approach was perceived to be effective and had positive learning outcomes in business communication skills development, motivation, confidence and vocabulary growth, business and language knowledge improvement, and more understanding about the business practice. The constraint factors in simulation included lack of business knowledge and vocabulary, ineffective group cooperation, and lack of understanding about the real-world business background.

University student-teachers’ diversity and attitudes toward classroom participation

This study examined student-teachers’ diversity and attitudes toward classroom participation in a Tanzanian university. A mixed research approach was used to answer three research questions: student-teachers’ attitudes toward classroom participation, attitude differences based on their diversity, and the reasons for their attitudes toward classroom participation. The study involved 701 student-teachers in their second and third years of study. Data were collected through questionnaires and focus group discussions and were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science and MAXQDA software. Results indicated that student-teachers cooperated with colleagues in groups rather than the whole classroom. The results also indicated diversity in classroom participation by gender, programme, and year of study. Further, it was revealed that student-teachers’ attitudes toward classroom participation were based on prior experiences, cultural aspects, linguistic barriers, lecturer pedagogical practices, and teaching context. It is concluded that the student-teachers’ attitudes toward classroom participation were variably associated with their diversity, and the reasons for the attitudes were mediated internally and externally. Therefore, it is recommended that lectures be conducted by employing apt techniques for fostering active participation to enrich the classroom with student-teachers and lecturers' voices in knowledge construction and sharing. The techniques should be gender, programme, and year of study sensitive while integrating students-teachers’ internal and external mediating factors to create interactive classroom moments that encourage knowledge creation and sharing among the classroom members.

A Comparative Study of Language Learning Strategies Use Between High and Low EFL College Achievers

Language learning strategy (LLS) not only benefits adults’ cognitive and thinking development but also is important for developing students’ independent learning skills and hence plays a significant role in college English learning. The study attempted to investigate the differences and similarities of LLS use and preference between high achievers and low EFL college achievers. The study employed a quantitative method in that 518 college participants are selected to engage in the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) questionnaire. The statistic analysis was employed to the six dominions: memory, cognitive, compensation, metacognitive, affective and social strategies. The results indicated that the preference of high and low EFL college achievers using LLS is basically similar. The level of high achievers using LLS was higher than that of low EFL college achievers. The study revealed the respective characteristics of the research population and made a useful attempt in the field of research on LLS of high achievers and low EFL college achievers. Further research may involve hidden influence factors of LLS use between the high and low achievers.

Awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practices (A-KAP) assessment of the One Health approach in health sciences education webinar series participants in select universities in the Philippines

Background A three-day One Health training program for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as professionals in One Health-related fields, was conducted by the Philippine One Health University Network (PhilOHUN), in collaboration with the Southeast Asia One Health University Network (SEAOHUN), through a webinar series. To measure the impact of the training on the awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practices (A-KAP) related to the topics covered in the program, this study was conducted. Methods A quasi-experimental design was employed to evaluate the effect of the One Health training program on the A-KAP of the participants. An online questionnaire developed based on the content of the training modules was administered to the participants before and after the training program. The attendees who accomplished both the pre- and post-training A-KAP assessment questionnaire were included as study participants; of the 225 attendees, 119 respondents qualified. The difference between the pre- and post-training mean A-KAP scores of participants was determined using paired t-test. Results Findings showed that the Awareness of the participants (P<0.001) across the topics discussed significantly increased after taking part in the training program. In the Knowledge aspect, however, there was no significant improvement in the general knowledge items score of the participants (P=0.06) but improvements were observed in all the modules included in the training (P<0.05). As for the Attitude and Practices scores of the participants, no significant improvements were observed (P>0.05) after taking part in the training. Conclusions The significant differences in awareness and knowledge suggest that the training modules contain relevant topics, which were effectively transmitted during the program. For Attitude and Practices, it may be premature to determine the impact of a single activity, although it is expected that these will change over time. Nevertheless, the training program can be used as a springboard for introducing One Health concepts to a wider audience and a continuing initiative to influence the development of appropriate attitudes and practices for current and future One Health practitioners.

Perspectives of using the integration mechanisms of education’s development for accelerating Russia’s economic growth

The article aims at selecting the most perspective mechanisms and finding the perspectives of using the integration mechanisms of education development for accelerating Russia’s economic growth. The methods of correlation and regression analysis are used. It is proved – by the example of top universities in Russia in 2020 – that the development of higher education and maximization of its contribution to the acceleration of economic growth could be achieved based on the integration mechanisms with the participation of universities. It is determined that optimization should be applied to educational (quality of higher education), scientific (R&D), and international (globalization) activities of universities, which could reach its maximum in case of an increase in the number of incubators in each university up to 5 units, number of centers of shared use of scientific equipment up to 40 units, and number of small companies up to 41. It is determined that citations and profitability (effectiveness) of universities do not depend on integration mechanisms in higher education. Such integration mechanisms as employer-sponsored education, practice bases, and technological parks do not contribute to the improvement of the indicators of universities’ activities and thus their development is inexpedient. The practical significance of the authors’ conclusions and recommendations is that they allow raising the effectiveness of university management and optimizing the organizational and managerial conditions under which the potential of universities in the sphere of support for the implementation of the social and investment model of economic growth is unlocked in the most comprehensive way.

Understanding the impact of teacher feedback on EFL students’ use of self-regulated writing strategies

Drawing on Hattie and Timperley’s (2007) feedback model, the current study explored how feedback at the process and self-regulation levels impacted the development of EFL learners’ self-regulated writing strategies. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and artefacts from nine participants in a Chinese university writing classroom. Data analysis revealed that students increased their goal-oriented planning for the writing task and the monitoring of their learning process in metacognitive learning activities. Changes in cognitive writing strategies for the enhancement of strategic text processing were apparent, as well as the development and use of strategies for processing learning resources. While students heightened their interest in the multiple-draft practice, developed self-reinforcement in motivational regulation strategies, and became more proactive in feedback inquiry, they remained less active in peer learning. The findings suggest that process and self-regulatory oriented feedback can facilitate EFL writers to develop and deploy self-regulated writing strategies. A number of theoretical and pedagogical implications are offered based on the findings of the study.

Environmental and Climate Impact Perceptions in University Students: Sustainability Motivations and Perceptions Correspond With Lower Red Meat Intake.

Red meat production is a leading contributor to food-related greenhouse gas emissions. Decreasing red meat intake can mitigate climate change and lower risk of diet-related diseases. The goal of this study is to evaluate university students' perceptions of climate-friendly behaviors and to assess how these perceptions are associated with the frequency of red meat intake. Cross-sectional survey SETTING: A large, public California university and a large, public Michigan university PARTICIPANTS: Undergraduate students from a California university (n= 721) and a Michigan university (n= 568) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perceptions of climate-friendly behaviors and frequency of red meat intake STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Differences in perceptions by student characteristics were compared using t-tests and one-way analysis of variance. Associations between perceptions of climate-friendly behaviors and red meat intake frequency were examined using generalized linear models, adjusted for sociodemographic covariates. Across both universities, students rated reducing meat intake as less effective than other climate change mitigation behaviors such as recycling and using less plastic. However, students who reported (1) making food and beverage choices that "are good for the environment," (2) making food and beverage choices that "reduce climate change impact," or (3) agreeing that "eating less meat is an effective way to combat climate change" reported 10% to 25% lower frequency of red meat intake for each point higher on the agreement scale. In contrast, making food and beverage choices motivated by health was not associated with frequency of red meat intake. Sustainability motivations and perceptions of meat's climate impact were associated with lower frequency of red meat intake, despite the overall moderate rating of eating less meat as an effective climate change mitigator. This research lends support to behavioral interventions, public education campaigns, and policies aiming to reinforce sustainable dietary patterns in young adults.

Is intellectual humility related to more accuracy and less overconfidence?

ABSTRACT Is intellectual humility (IH) related to more accuracy and less overconfidence in decision-making contexts? Here we sought to answer this question and clarify ambiguities in the literature by examining the relations among IH, critical thinking, and overconfidence measures. We assessed these relations in both online community and college participants. Overall, IH tended to be related to more accuracy on a range of critical thinking measures and to less overestimation and overclaiming. We also found some evidence for a Dunning-Kruger effect (i.e. those scoring the lowest on IH significantly overestimated their performance). Results tended to be significantly stronger in the online community participants than in the college participants, and the Dunning-Kruger effect was not present in the college sample. Overall, the current findings invite questions about how IH contributes to more accuracy and less overconfidence and whether IH can be leveraged to bolster critical thinking.

地域連携による教育の社会的責任の研究 - 街づくりイノベーションスクールを中心に -

This paper examines the direction of future education through a community development innovation school that is a case study for solving problems in local communities with university student-resident participation jointly by industry, government and academia. Based on the university's mission, we analyze the conceptual development process and content of the social responsibility of Japanese and Korean universities, and examine its essence. In addition, from the standpoint of solidarity between the university and society, in the process of collectively solving problems through education, the mutual responsibility of individuals and society is increased, and the social responsibility of education to promote individual self-realization and social growth. Make sense of core values. ESR explores the meaning of new education and strategies in the process of resolving social issues with new educational approaches. In the process of solving social problems, it cannot be solved by the power of individuals alone, and a network of diverse social members and social resources is required. It can provide suggestions for future education through a cyclical relationship that reflects, improves, and develops continuously in the process of solving social problems.

Anticipated suicidal and death ideation in response to an imagined dementia diagnosis: A qualitative study.

Alzheimer's disease and related dementias are prevalent, highly impactful, and feared diagnoses. A mixed methods study using semi-structured interviews was conducted to clarify causes of dementia-related anxiety. Fifty community-dwelling adults aged 58 to 89 (M = 70.92, SD = 6.08) were recruited from a university participant registry and Memory Clinic; none had dementia diagnoses. Analyses revealed that 42% (n = 21) of participants anticipated suicidal or death ideation if diagnosed with dementia. Among participants endorsing anticipated suicidal or death ideation, responses ranged from active, specific plans, including interest in physician-assisted suicide, to more passive wishes to hasten death rather than continue to live with dementia. Within reports of both anticipated suicidal and death ideation, three subthemes emerged. Participants reported concerns about becoming a burden to others, the devaluation of life/loss of self with dementia, and the desire for (and anticipated thwarting of) personal control as factors contributing to their anticipated responses to a dementia diagnosis. Statements of anticipated suicidal and death ideation were contingent on a dementia diagnosis and may reflect errors in affective forecasting. Nevertheless, given the prevalence of dementias and older adults' elevated rates of suicide, the intersection of these two public health issues warrants greater attention.

ECOSOCIAL COLLEGE FORMATION TO FULFILL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES

The objective of this article is to analyze the curricular experience called ‘Social Project Design’ oriented towards university students developing social innovation projects, aimed at the Sustainable Development Objectives (SDO). Via active-participative methodological strategies, 267 students identified problems in their environments and proposed contextualized solutions. Based on the work done, 81 projects were designed by students during the 2020-2021 period, using the analytical framework of the SDO for their evaluation, which provided the opportunity to gradually incorporate sustainability into study plans from a complex systematic perspective which integrated reality. In this study, for the first time, we analyzed and went into curricular experience and university participation, considering elements of active listening, participation and adaptation in the search for solutions to current socio-environmental problems, transforming actors into ecosocial change agents.

An Assessment of the Knowledge and Awareness of Common Otorhinolaryngology-Related Issues Among School and University Students in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) illnesses commonly affect all individuals with a broad range of symptoms, and most causes are preventable. According to the WHO, more than 278 million people have bilateral hearing loss. Locally, a previously published study done in Riyadh showed that most participants (79.4%) had a poor level of knowledge on common ENT-related diseases. The current study aims to investigate and explore the knowledge of and attitudes toward common ENT problems among students in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Method This descriptive, cross-sectional study used an Arabic-language electronic questionnaire to assess knowledge of common ENT problems. It was distributed to medical students at Umm Al-Qura University and students attending Makkah City high schools in Saudi Arabia between November 2021 and October 2022. The sample size was calculated to be 385 participants. Results Overall 1080 respondents were enrolled in this survey from Makkah City. Participants with good knowledge of common ENT diseases were over 20 years of age with a p-value <0.001. Furthermore, females also had a significant p-value of <0.004, and those with bachelor's or university degrees showed a statistically significant p-value of <0.001. Conclusion Female participants with bachelor's or university degrees and participants aged 20 and older showed superior knowledge. Our findings indicate that students need educational implications and awareness campaigns to increase their knowledge, practice, and perception toward common otorhinolaryngology-related issues.