Participation In Organizations Research Articles

Contribution of Women in Political Movement of Nepal

This article explores the extraordinary contributions made by women to Nepal's political movement, demonstrating their fundamental influence on the political climate of the nation. The study investigates the varied political activism of Nepalese women through an analysis of historical accounts, academic research, and direct testimonies. In Nepal, women have been instrumental in political movements, community mobilization, and advocacy for social and political change. They have actively taken part in protests, rallies, and neighborhood campaigns, pushing back against patriarchal conventions and clamoring for equitable participation in governmental organizations. In order to advance gender equality and women's rights in the political sphere, the article examines the effects of women's organizations, women-led projects, and female activists. It looks at their initiatives to remove social constraints, boost women's political participation, and combat gender-based prejudice. This article also examines the obstacles women have had to overcome while examining the crucial role they have played in Nepal's political movement and their contributions to constitutional changes. The paper offers insights on the empowerment of women within the Nepali political system by a thorough analysis of scholarly research, historical records, and documented experiences.

Communists and the 1933 Campaign That Ended Frontier Massacres in Australia

In August and September 1933, agitation by the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) led trade unions and unemployed workers’ organisations to join a national campaign for Aboriginal rights for the first time in history. Police in the Northern Territory were publicly planning a “punitive expedition” to kill Yolngu people, in response to the spearing death of an officer. Public mobilisation stopped the expedition, effectively ending the practice of frontier massacres that had long characterised the colonisation of Australia. Existing histories have emphasised the leading role of missionaries and other middle and upper-class intellectuals, who led humanitarian organisations playing an increasingly influential role in Aboriginal affairs. While acknowledging the significance of these efforts, this article makes a new argument about the central role of communist agitation and the participation of working-class organisations in forcing a complete police retreat. Animating this initiative was a Marxist anti-imperialist politics that appealed to anti-war traditions within the workers’ movement.

Explaining the barriers faced by veterinarians against preventing antimicrobial resistance: an innovative interdisciplinary qualitative study

BackgroundConsidering the significance of increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its adverse effects on individual and social health and the important and effective role that veterinarians play in controlling this growing issue worldwide, it is essential to have effective preventive control programs. To this aim, the first step is to identify the factors behind the prevalence of AMR in Iran and the barriers veterinarians face to controlling this problem. Thus, the present study was conducted to explain the barriers veterinarians faced in the prevention of AMR from an Iranian veterinarian’s perspective.MethodsThe present research was done in three cities in Iran in 2021. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with 18 veterinarians selected through purposive and snowball sampling and analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe data analysis results were classified into 4 main categories and 44 subcategories. The former included: educational factors, administrative/legal factors, client-related factors, and veterinarian-related factors.ConclusionsThe increased AMR can be approached from multiple aspects. Considering the different factors that affect the increased AMR, it is necessary to consider them all through effective planning and policy-making at multi-level and multidisciplinary dimensions. There is special attention needed to scientific and practical interventions at the individual, interpersonal, social, and even political levels. At the same time, measures should be taken to rehabilitate and maintain the health of society to strengthen supervision and attract the full participation of interested organizations.

Perceived coaches’ health promotion activity, maintenance of participation in sports, and lifestyle habits among emerging adults: a four-year follow-up study

Objectives This study focused on how adolescents’ perceptions of coaches’ health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored. Materials and Methods Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19. Of these, 323 reported coach’s health promotion activity on health topics at the age of 15. An index of a coach’s general health promotion activity was formed. At age 19, all study participants reported their lifestyle habits. Results Among males, those who had perceived coaches’ general health promotion activity as frequent were more likely to be maintainers than dropouts (48.6% vs. 20.0%) (p = .002). Among females, there was no significant difference (32.0% vs. 28.4%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender showed that perceiving coach’s general health promotion activity as frequent increased the odds of being a maintainer rather than a dropout. Moreover, maintainers had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits when compared to nonparticipants (related to physical activity; sleep; fruit and vegetable consumption; and cigarette use) or dropouts (related to physical activity; and cigarette use). In addition, dropouts had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants (related to sleep; and cigarette use). Conclusions Perceiving coaches’ health promotion activity as frequent was related to maintained participation in organized sports among males. Maintainers were more likely to have more healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants and dropouts. There is a need to invest in coaches’ health promotion activity when it is infrequent. A more detailed understanding is needed of coaches’ health promotion activity that supports both maintained participation in sports, especially among females, and healthy lifestyle habits in emerging adulthood.

Organizational Experience as Formation of Competitive Student’ Character

This study aims to explore the role of organizational experience in the formation of competitive student character in the higher education environment. The literature study research method was used to summarize key findings that support the positive influence of organizational participation on student character development. The results of this study indicate that student organizations have a considerable role in shaping character values through student activities provided in higher education. Organizational experience contributes to the improvement of leadership and teamwork skills, shaping the character of student who are adaptive and ready to contribute in a professional environment. Due to the role of ormawa in the campus towards the formation of student character, student can later have knowledge and experience in organizing, as well as character building which can later become the hallmark of student.

Comparative Analysis of the Productivity and Efficiency of Cluster and Individual Farming in West Arsi Zone of Oromia

The main objective of this study was to compare the productivity and efficiency of clustered and individual farming; to identify factors affecting clusters farming practice and to know the view/perception of farmers for clustered farming approach in West Arsi zone. To conduct the study, primary data was collected from 152 randomly selected household heads through semi-structured questionnaire. Secondary data were also collected from different sources including CSA, ZOANR, DOANR, and from published and unpublished sources to supplement primary data. In this study both descriptive statistics and econometric analysis were employed. The primary data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and stochastic efficiency decomposition method to decompose TE. Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) was used for its ability to distinguish inefficiency from deviations that are caused by factors beyond the control of farmers. The productivity of wheat per hectare was 47.17 and 39.042 quintal for cluster and individual farming respectively which is statically significant at 1% level. The study result revealed that the mean of wheat TE was about 78.46%, for cluster farming and 69.25%, for individual farming as the Cobb-Douglas functional form indicate that. As the result of research analysis indicates that, the cumulative sum of farmers’ perception towards the compatibility of cluster farming with the socio-economic situational circumstances was 4.093 suggesting farmers perceive positively that it was compatibility with their socio-economic situational circumstances. The likelihood of farmers to practice cluster farming positively influenced by Sex of HH, age of HH, nearest market center, distance to FTC, participation on field visit and participation in social organization in West Arsi zone. The study suggested that farmer adoption decisions are affected by above mentioned factors and policies addressing each decision process and cross-cutting issues are required to improve farmer participation in cluster farming. In addition, the study suggested the need for policies to discourage land fragmentation and promote, participation in field visit, and strengthening social network of farmers, to increase participation of farmers in cluster farming in the zone.

How proactive subordinates cope with supervisor knowledge hiding: the impression management tactic of upward ingratiation

PurposeDespite the detrimental effects of supervisor knowledge hiding on employees and organizations, little research has focused on how subordinates cope with it. Drawing on the impression management theory, this study proposes a mediated moderation model to explain who and how cope with supervisor knowledge hiding.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 340 full-time participants in various organizations and industries in China, the proposed model was tested using ordinary least squares regression with the PROCESS 3.5.FindingsThe results support the mediated moderation model, indicating that proactive subordinates are motivated to manage their impression towards supervisors and engage in upward ingratiation to cope with supervisor knowledge hiding. In contrast, subordinates with low level of proactive personality trait have less impression management motive and engage in fewer upward ingratiatory behaviors.Originality/valueBased on the impression management theory, the current paper contributes to the literature on supervisor knowledge hiding by expanding the consequences of supervisor knowledge hiding, identifying a boundary condition of supervisor knowledge hiding on subordinate’s subsequent behaviors and enriching the mechanism underlying the effect of supervisor knowledge hiding with proactive personality.

Understanding Public Support for Nonprofit Organizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic

ABSTRACT Given that the COVID-19 pandemic limited various functions of the society, this study examines the public’s support and participation in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) during the pandemic (2020–2021). By adopting the theory of planned behavior as a theoretical framework, this study explores perceived knowledge and emotions as motivational factors influencing issue participation intention. In addition, organizational trust is examined as a key moderator influencing the final path from issue participation intention to actual issue participation behaviors. A survey (N = 312) was conducted to understand the public’s participation in NPOs related to various social and political issues during 2020 and 2021. Theoretical and practical implications for strategic prosocial communication as well as nonprofit communications are discussed.

Supporting the Development of Grassroots Maternal and Childhood Health Leaders through a Public-Health-Informed Training Program.

The purpose of this research was to assess leadership growth (i.e., changes in personal capacity and social capital) among women living in high-risk infant mortality zip codes who completed a grassroots maternal and childhood health leadership (GMCHL) training program. We used semi-structured qualitative interviews and thematic analysis. Three major themes associated with the training program experience were identified: (1) building personal capacity and becoming community brokers; (2) linking and leveraging through formal organizations; and (3) how individual change becomes community change. Although many of the grassroots leaders were already brokers (i.e., connecting individuals to information/services), they were able to become community brokers by gaining new skills and knowledge about strategies to reduce adverse birth outcomes in their community. In particular, joining and participation in formal organizations aimed at improving community health led to the development of linking or vertical ties (e.g., "people in high places"). The grassroots leaders gained access to people in power, such as policymakers, which enabled leaders to access more resources and opportunities for themselves and their social networks. We outline the building blocks for supporting potential grassroots leaders by enhancing personal capacity and social capital, thus leading to increases in collective efficacy and collective action.

Current Approaches to Improving Consensus Decision-Making Mechanisms in International Regional Organizations

This study is aimed to study a key element of the activity of any international organization — the problem of consensus decision-making and the corresponding practice of solving it both in integration bodies (Eurasian Economic Union, European Union) and in interstate organizations devoid of a supranational component (Shanghai Cooperation Organization, North Atlantic Treaty Organization treaty, Collective Security Treaty Organization).Aim. Identify current approaches to improving the application of the rule of consensus in interstate (intergovernmental) structures and their bodies.Tasks. Investigate and generalize the practice of consensus decision-making within the international regional organizations, highlight actual ways to increase the efficiency of their decision-making mechanisms.Methods. The study used general scientific methodology. The comparative analysis method is used to compare existing decision-making practices. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, as well as the formal logical method were used to formulate the conclusions of the work.Results. The collective decision-making based on consensus follows from the international legal principle par in parem non habet imperium. It emphasizes the equality of all participants in an international organization and excludes the imposition of obligations non-approved by a sovereign state. From this point of view, consensus is a way to strengthen unity and achieve organizational stability. Simultaneously the practice of using this form in various international organizations gives evidence to its low efficiency in decision-making. Achieving consensus requires intensive efforts to coordinate the positions of the parties, and the emergence of “one-vote veto” situations cannot be ruled out. A possible way to increase the efficiency of decision-making within the framework of integration processes (EU, EAEU) lies through the development of supranational mechanisms.Conclusions. Analysis of the practice of functioning of international regional organizations (SCO, NATO, CSTO) allows to identify two approaches aimed at overcoming the negative features of consensus decision-making. The first involves the development of an international organization with formal obligations of members into a community associated with the establishment of a set of shared values among its participants. The second presumes the creation of mechanisms that allow interested states to use the institutions of such a structure to make collective decisions without a not-participating state. Both approaches do not exclude but complement each other.

Does Discrimination in Childhood Reduce Trust and Participation Among Adult Immigrants?

Trust is an important determinant of well-functioning democratic societies. Immigrants, however, often have lower trust than the majority population. Experienced discrimination might be a factor in reducing trust levels among immigrants. In this study, we use data from a survey of young adults in Norway to investigate the relationship between experienced discrimination in childhood and trust as an adult among immigrant minorities and the majority population. We also investigate how trust and experienced discrimination are related to attachment to Norway, participation in voluntary organizations, and employment. We find that experienced discrimination in childhood is related to lower levels of both social and institutional trust. Discrimination does not, however, affect levels of participation or employment. Our findings support the view of both institutional and social trust as dynamic concepts that are shaped through experiences in life. Further, our results indicate that discrimination is likely to contribute to lower levels of trust among minorities.

Mining and Teaching Practice of Ideological and Political Course Elements Based on Text Extraction and Knowledge Graph

With the rapid development of the country’s economy, politics, and culture, China has swiftly ascended to the ranks of global powers. Its participation in international organizations, including the WTO, has significantly bolstered its global standing and diplomatic ties, making it an indispensable player in international politics. Meanwhile, domestically, China has implemented numerous initiatives aimed at improving the lives of its citizens, such as anti-corruption campaigns, efforts to uphold integrity, crackdowns on criminal organizations, and poverty alleviation programs. As a result, the well-being of the populace has seen a steady increase. Furthermore, China has embarked on a new era of education characterized by its unique attributes, with civic education platforms experiencing comprehensive development. This paper examines these developments through text and knowledge mapping, assessing the efficacy of this approach within the framework of course ideology and politics.

Crecimiento exponencial de la contaminación del Río Moche

Pollution and at the same time water scarcity is considered one of the main concerns throughout the world. In Peru, most of its hydrographic basins are affected by pollution from productive and domestic activities. The present investigation sought to analyze the significant growth in pollution of the Moche River in the period 2010 to 2020; For this purpose, a descriptive study was carried out, using documentary analysis by recording data from the years 2010 - 2020 from entities such as the National Water Authority and other related studies; thereby determining that the pollution of the Moche River has not been reduced in the study period; On the contrary, the existence of chemicals, minerals and bacteria in water have increased exponentially in recent years. Faced with this, there are no encouraging prospects for a solution in the current decade; the political will of the authorities and greater participation and leadership of other representative organizations of the region and also raising citizen awareness through teaching in educational institutions and the media.

La promoción de la salud: de los griegos a la Carta de Ottawa: ¿Un nuevo campo de acción de la Salud Pública?

This article reviews the history of principles, concepts, and applications that fall under Health Promotion (HP), an important component of the field of Public Health. It begins with the proposals and hygiene concepts of the Greeks to promote healthier populations, extending the review through various centuries to the Declaration known as the Ottawa Charter, from 1986. This charter resulted from the first International Conference on Health Promotion held in Ottawa, Canada, with the participation of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Canada, and the Canadian Public Health Association. This declaration is considered of utmost importance as it defined the terms, concepts, and strategies for the application and development of the “new Health Promotion.” Health Promotion requires Healthy Public Policies and intersectoral collaboration.

Business development in Ukraine with the support of employers' organizations and their associations

Introduction. In developing countries, state support for the development of entrepreneurship is of crucial importance, at the same time, civil society organizations play an important role in achieving business success of micro-entrepreneurs by providing various services, consultations, defending the interests of the business community in interaction with the authorities. Non-governmental business support organizations contribute to the development not only of their members, because by providing business support and acting on behalf of the business community to improve the conditions for conducting economic activity, such organizations as a result ensure the development of the country's economy as a whole. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of employers' organizations and their associations in promoting business development in Ukraine. Results. Employers' organizations and their associations play an important role in the formation and implementation of state economic policy, regulation of labor, social, and economic relations. The activities of employers' organizations contribute to the establishment of effective cooperation between the business community and the authorities, including through the participation of such organizations in social dialogue. Today, the largest association of employers' organizations of Ukraine - the Federation of Employers of Ukraine takes an active part in the processes of liberalization of business conditions and implements effective support for business development, including through: lobbying business interests in the state authorities of Ukraine (local and central); support at the legislative level of various business initiatives of employers; providing opportunities for legislative and business intelligence; establishment of cooperation with foreign partners; attracting business to a wide range of events, meetings and conferences at various levels - local, national and international. The Employers' Federation of Ukraine, being a full member of the International Organization of Employers, actively promotes the interests of its members also in the international arena, in particular, regarding trade and access to foreign markets, including through participation in trade forums. Conclusions. Employers' organizations and their associations are today's important business associations that have the right to conduct collective bargaining at a certain national, sectoral, and territorial level on behalf of their members. As independent institutions, employers' organizations can influence public policy, thanks to their involvement in the processes of public policy discussion, monitoring of legislative initiatives and cooperation with the government sector. Such organizations provide specialized business resources, including professional advice and services, to assist with current issues of running and supporting business development.

The characteristics and functionalities of citizen-led disaster response through social media: A case study of the #HenanFloodsRelief on Sina Weibo

Using the topic of #HenanFloodRelief on Sina Weibo during the 2021 Henan floods as a case study, this research adopts a combination of social network analysis, content analysis, and text analysis to explore the characteristics and roles of public participation in disaster response through social media. The findings show that under the #HenanFloodRelief topic, the public was mainly involved in emergency response by posting help and rescue information, updating disaster information, and providing contact details for resource coordination. They also expressed emotions to reflect post-disaster social psychology, providing an emotional basis for social mobilization. Public and organizational participation demonstrated different characteristics, exhibiting the advantages of spontaneity and firsthand information. In contrast, organizational participation reflected professionalism and played a more significant role in providing emotional comfort and mobilization. The research demonstrates the vital role of social media in enabling public participation in disaster response while pointing out the potential risks of the public utilizing information resources for online relief efforts, highlighting the need for further research into effective information verification methods. This study provides a Chinese case to examine public participation in disaster response and offers insights into this field of research.

Black Students’ Suggestions for an “Inclusive” and “Excellent” University: An Examination of an Historically and Predominantly White Institutions in Southeast Georgia

This study addresses a critical barrier to the academic advancement and graduation of Black students–the presence of a hostile racial climate. While Historically and Predominantly White Institutions (HPWIs) may profess a commitment to diversity, a closer examination of their culture, climate, practices, and policies reveals the persistence of racialized structures that disproportionately advantage white individuals. This research provides strategies employed by Black students at a HPWI of higher education to achieve academic success and enhance their overall college experience. Through 44 in-depth one-on-one interviews, students share the stthey have harnessed to navigate these challenges. Central to these students’ success included active participation in Black student organizations, where they not only resist the effects of a hostile climate but also foster academic and social achievements. Through leveraging their agency to articulate their experiences and engaging with Black student organizations as counterspaces, Black students adeptly navigate the complex environment of HPWIs.

Mediation and Representation Relations in the Exercise of Copyright and Related Rights by Non-Profit Organizations

Relevance. The article analyzes contractual and other legal grounds, using which collective management organizations and other non-profit organizations can perform the functions of intermediaries and representatives of authors and other right holders in order to ensure the lawful use of copyright and related rights objects in modern conditions.The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical provisions necessary for the development of legal regulation of the activities of non-profit organizations related to the implementation of copyright and related rights.Objectives: to identify the peculiarities of legal regulation of mediation and representation relations arising from the participation of non-profit organizations in the implementation of copyright and related rights; to identify the problems associated with such legal regulation, to develop proposals aimed at their elimination.Methodology. The author used dialectical-materialistic method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formallegal method.The results of the research are of theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of civil legal relations.Conclusions. The conclusions made in the article are of a discussion nature, aimed at continuing research on the development of legal regulation of the activities of non-profit organizations related to the implementation and protection of copyright and related rights, including the expansion of the range of non-profit organizations able to participate in the implementation and protection of rights to the results of intellectual activity, as well as to simplify their obtaining the powers necessary for the implementation of such activities.

Perceived work stressors and the transition to burnout among nurses in response to the pandemic: implications for healthcare organizations.

This study aimed to assess the associations of pre-pandemic perceived work stressors and work satisfaction among nurses, including nurse assistants, with burnout profiles and their transitions in response to the pandemic. Three hundred and thirty-seven nurses working in an Italian University hospital participated in a longitudinal study including a survey in August 2019 investigating perceived work stressors (assessed using the HSE Indicator Tool), work satisfaction (Work Satisfaction Scale), and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and a second survey in December 2020 assessing burnout. Using latent transition analysis, we identified burnout profiles and then estimated the associations between work stressors and satisfaction on profiles and transitions. We identified three pre-pandemic profiles, namely engaged (67%), ineffective (15%), and burnout (18%); and three pandemic profiles, namely engaged (37%), exhausted (51%), and severe burnout (12%). The severe burnout profile consisted of 70% nurses classified in the burnout profile before the pandemic. Overall, work stressors and satisfaction were associated with both pre-pandemic and pandemic burnout profiles. Among nurses not in the burnout profile prior to COVID-19, pre-pandemic hostile relationships increased [odds ratio (OR) 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.34] and work satisfaction decreased (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.98) the probability to transition to exhausted. Moreover, work satisfaction (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.91) and participation in work organization (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.93) protected from transitioning to severe burnout. The association between peer support and the transition to exhausted needs further investigation. Pre-pandemic work stressors and satisfaction were associated with pandemic burnout and burnout transitions. To enhance preparedness for future crises, healthcare managers should carefully assess and tackle work-related constraints affecting nurses.

Faculty Development Program (FDP) Of Selected Private Colleges In General Santos City: Its Impact On Organizational Commitment And Adaptive Performance, Basis For Enhanced Retention Program

The purpose of this study was to determine How faculty Development Program affected the organizational commitment and adaptive performance of faculty members among selected private Higher Educational Institutions in General Santos City. The overarching objective of the program was to develop an intervention designed to yield an intervention program that will help increase if not sustain the above-variables of the study. The research utilized an adapted 4-part questionnaire to assess 104 faculty members, investigating the impact of Faculty Development Programs (FDP) on organizational commitment and adaptive performance. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design, the study employed the Input-Process-Output (IPO) paradigm to thoroughly analyze each variable, supported by a comprehensive review of related literature. Statistical analysis including frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson r revealed that FDP positively influenced professional development, teaching skills, leadership, classroom management, knowledge and skills, and organizational participation. Respondents demonstrated moderate affective commitment, high continuance commitment, and moderate normative commitment, alongside adaptive behaviors in handling emergencies, managing work stress, problem-solving, and interpersonal, cultural, and physical adaptability. Based on these findings, a recommended intervention program in the form of a training workshop aims to further enhance faculty development.