Participation In Local Governance Research Articles

The Role of the Village Government in Increasing Agricultural Product (MIDACENG) in Mattirowalie Village Mare District Bone Regency

Clove is one of the crops that have high selling value in Indonesia. Almost all components of this clove plant can be used, including the clove leaf itself. This study aims to determine the role of the village government and the factors that influence the increase in the agricultural product (Midaceng). The method of this research was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Research data was collected through structured interview techniques. The data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the Mattiro Wallie Village Government plays an active role in supporting the condition of natural resources, establishing a clove leaf distillation factory, establishing cooperation between the government and the community, and improving the welfare of the community. The factors that support the increase in clove leaf oil production are internal factors like Human Resources (HR), the lack of infrastructure such as clove leaf storage warehouses, and Marketing Techniques for Production Results (Clove Leaf Oil). Meanwhile, external factors include natural factors (weather), lack of local government participation in seeing opportunities from clove leaf oil processing, business capital, and communication problems (networks).

Socio-Economic and Cultural Barriers that Affect Women’s Participation in Local Level Governance in the Central Region of Ghana

The study sought to examine the socio-economic and cultural factors that affect women’s participation in local level governance in selected districts in the Central Region of Ghana. The qualitative approach was employed for this study, and an interview guide was used to gather data from 11 women assembly members and two of their husbands, making a total of 13 participants. The participants were sampled using purposive, snowball and convenient sampling techniques. The data was analysed thematically. The study identified lack of self-confidence, limited funds, unsupportive family, abuse and harassment, political affiliations in the Assembly and unsupportive religious organizations as the socio-economic and cultural barriers to women participation in local level governance in Agona West, Gomoa West and Gomoa Central Districts in the Central Region of Ghana. The findings showed that despite the barriers, some of the women were able to surmount such challenges and became successful in the District Assembly elections. The study recommended that special fund should be set up by the government to support Assembly women to perform their roles and responsibilities within their communities regularly. Such funds may help them fulfil their campaign promises, which may encourage them to seek re-election in the District Assemblies. Also, female politicians should mentor potential female politicians. The mentors may support them to build the confidence required to engage in local level politics and to aspire higher positions in political office.

Coroners’ inquest juries in sixteenth-century England

AbstractJuries enabled the participation in local governance of those outside national and regional elites in early modern England. Yet their social range is disputed. We investigate coroners’ inquest juries in a range of communities and compare a sample of 148 juries in eleven counties, featuring 2024 jurors, with tax and muster records. These show that while the rural and urban middling sorts were disproportionately represented, the rich and poor were by no means excluded. As militarily able household heads, many jurors matched the wider demands of ‘respectable masculinity’, and this may be reflected in some of the verdicts they reached.

The Democracy of the Spectacle

Tocqueville envisioned any number of ways in which democracy might succumb to tyranny and sought to imagine social processes and institutions that might mitigate this threat. Among these was participation in local government, which he saw as a way of teaching humility and moderating political passions with the potential to undermine democracy. But the importance of local government has diminished as the scale of democratic polities has increased and as changes in the media landscape have given rise to a “democracy of the spectacle” in which identification with the executive who incarnates the central government has supplanted engagement with local issues. What do these changes imply for Tocqueville’s view of democratic stability?

지방자치의 활성화를 위한 지방분권형 헌법의 방향

Despite the process of policy efforts for revitalizing local autonomy and decentralization, the crisis of local extinction and deepening fiscal power due to population decline are still not very helpful in balanced local development and securing local competitiveness. The reality is that securing balanced regional development and local competitiveness is difficult without the presentation of innovative alternatives through legal and institutional improvement. In the meantime, discussions on the decentralization-type constitutional amendment have continued since 2000, and even with the implementation of the full revision of the Local Autonomy Act in 2022, a breakthrough point for decentralization has not been established. In order to exercise the actual authority of local governments through decentralization and balanced local development, it is necessary to prepare basis regulations such as self-governing rights, expansion of autonomous affairs, and local government participation rights in Chapter 8 in addition to the current provisions of the Constitution. Considering the reality that it is difficult to realize and guarantee local autonomy through improvement of local autonomy-related laws, local autonomy should be expanded through the establishment of a new basis for substantial guarantee of local autonomy. The decentralized constitutional amendment can lead to securing local competitiveness by substantial guarantee of local autonomy and realization of the right to self-governing. Local competitiveness will be the basis of the nation's competitiveness. This paper analyzes the contents of the Korean Constitution and local autonomy laws that act as the limitations of local autonomy and decentralization, identifies trends in overseas decentralization, and suggests alternatives to the local decentralization-type constitutional amendment for the development of local autonomy.

지방자치의 활성화를 위한 지방분권형 헌법의 방향

Despite the process of policy efforts for revitalizing local autonomy and decentralization, the crisis of local extinction and deepening fiscal power due to population decline are still not very helpful in balanced local development and securing local competitiveness. The reality is that securing balanced regional development and local competitiveness is difficult without the presentation of innovative alternatives through legal and institutional improvement. In the meantime, discussions on the decentralization-type constitutional amendment have continued since 2000, and even with the implementation of the full revision of the Local Autonomy Act in 2022, a breakthrough point for decentralization has not been established. In order to exercise the actual authority of local governments through decentralization and balanced local development, it is necessary to prepare basis regulations such as self-governing rights, expansion of autonomous affairs, and local government participation rights in Chapter 8 in addition to the current provisions of the Constitution. Considering the reality that it is difficult to realize and guarantee local autonomy through improvement of local autonomy-related laws, local autonomy should be expanded through the establishment of a new basis for substantial guarantee of local autonomy. The decentralized constitutional amendment can lead to securing local competitiveness by substantial guarantee of local autonomy and realization of the right to self-governing. Local competitiveness will be the basis of the nation's competitiveness. This paper analyzes the contents of the Korean Constitution and local autonomy laws that act as the limitations of local autonomy and decentralization, identifies trends in overseas decentralization, and suggests alternatives to the local decentralization-type constitutional amendment for the development of local autonomy.

국가균형발전계획 수립절차의 실무적 개선방안에 관한 연구 : 시 · 도발전계획을 중심으로

Governments in the past have been putting in efforts to resolve the issue of imbalance between capital and non-capital regions, as well as cities and rural areas by pursuing diverse policies for diverse balanced developments, such as enacting 「Special Act On Balanced National Development」 and etc. However, centralization of metropolitan areas, and rural areas falling behind in comparison continued, which made it difficult to maintain the nation’s sustainable growth without achieving the policy objective of balanced regional developments.BR With this background, this study projected medium and long term visions and goals of balanced regional developments onto the formulation of city/do development plans, and furthermore sought practical improvement measures in regard to the participation of local governments that possess autonomous rights in districts under jurisdiction.BR First, systematic procedures of collecting feedbacks from city/do must be established in regard to the guidelines, deliberations and voting that are required when formulating city/do development plans. Second, city/do/gu should be given opportunities to systematically participate in the planning stages of the balanced development. Third, the effect of balanced development policy should be heightened by enacting ordinances that are related to the Special Act On Balanced National Development.BR In case of developing plans for certain regions, there might be consistency issues in regard to other adjacent and higher plans that are based on other legislations. Therefore, the planning supremacy of metropolitan and local governments that have jurisdictions over corresponding regions should ultimately be strengthened.

Organizational and coalition strategies for youth violence prevention: A longitudinal mixed-methods study.

This longitudinal study identifies espoused change orientations and actual youth violence prevention (YVP) practices over five years by 99 public and nonprofit organizations in one city. Annual key informant interviews provided both qualitative and quantitative data, including organizational collaborative network data. Data were also obtained on participation in a citywide YVP coalition, juvenile arrests and court referrals. On average, organizations both in and outside the coalition adopted a problem-focused as often as a strengths-based change orientation, and were only marginally more oriented toward empowering community members than professionals and changing communities than individual youth. Most surprisingly, YVP coalition members adopted more of a tertiary (reactive/rehabilitative) than primary prevention orientation compared to nonmembers. The number of different YVP strategies implemented increased over five years from mainly positive youth development and education interventions to those strategies plus mentoring, youth activities, events and programs, and counseling youth. Network analysis reveals dense initial collaboration with no critical gatekeepers and coalition participants more central to the city-wide organizational network. Coalition participation and total network collaboration declined in Years 3-5. Youth violence arrests and court referrals also declined. The coalition was marginally involved in successful community-collaborative, school-based interventions and other strategies adopted, and it disbanded a year after federal funding ended. Despite, or possibly due to, both national and local government participation, the coalition missed opportunities to engage in collective advocacy for local YVP policy changes. Coalitions should help nonprofit and public organizations develop more effective change orientations and implement commensurate strategies at the community level.

Multiplying Faces and Amplifying Voices: Do Women’s Lives Matter in Local Governance Politics in Gwanda, Zimbabwe?

Women’s invisibility in political spaces is a glaring reality, particularly in patriarchal polities characterized by misogynistic attitudes towards feminine leadership. This article unpacks the socio-cultural variables that hinder women’s participation in politics and other masculinized spheres of influence. The article focuses on the advocacy efforts of Women’s Institute for Leadership Development in Gwanda, Zimbabwe. The article also details the successes and challenges scored by the lobbying effort. The article uses a qualitative research approach. It discusses the extent and effectiveness of women’s involvement in local governance and how their participation relates to Sustainable Development Goal 5. It was established that the project has greatly improved ordinary women’s participation in local governance in Gwanda Central. Capacity-building strategies implemented improved participation, competence, confidence, and effectiveness of women’s local governance processes. Women are increasingly participating in leadership at various levels. The training and mentorship programmes inspired some women to contest in the 2018 elections. We recommend the government of Zimbabwe and civil society organizations facilitate the implementation of structural reforms that address systemic and institutionalized gender-based discrimination.00263

The mediating effect of Educational Decentralization in the Relationship between Citizen Participation and Education Service Delivery of Local Governments

The mediating effect of Educational Decentralization in the Relationship between Citizen Participation and Education Service Delivery of Local Governments

Intercultural Communication and Community Participation in Local Governance: the EU Experience

Interaction based on equality is a determining factor in an intercultural approach to mutual cross-border integration. States direct their policy vectors towards creating provisions for positive and constructive cooperation between people of different backgrounds and lifestyles with government institutions. The recognition and testing of policies and practices that promote intercultural interaction and inclusion by local governments are of particular importance in this context. The aim of the article was to identify and reveal current problems and the current state of regulation of intercultural communication and community participation in local governance in the European Union and Ukraine. Observation, analysis and survey methods were the main methodological tools. The study showed that the effective development of intercultural communication and community participation in local governance requires progress in the implementation of the overall strategies declared by the European Union. The adequacy and prospects of the intercultural cities network (ICC) are presented. Analysis of the survey of cities surveyed in the Intercultural Cities Index showed a high level of local government transformation and public participation in regional decision-making.

Ecotourism anywhere? The lure of ecotourism and the need to scrutinize the potential competitiveness of ecotourism developments

This study critiques attempts to develop ecotourism operations at sites with low ecotourism potential. It draws on 34 interviews from five mangrove forests in the Philippines that were developed for ecotourism under various co-management arrangements involving private entrepreneurs, local government, and community participation and empowerment. These stakeholders were initially lured by a vision of the economic, social, and environmental benefits that ecotourism can deliver. However, most sites were located far from major cities and tourism hubs, with limited infrastructure, and unable to outcompete other attractions such as beaches. Financial and business challenges ensued, including low tourist numbers and insufficient revenues to cover operational and maintenance costs. Subsequently, some ecoparks experienced mismanagement, embezzlement, and the psychological and political disempowerment of local communities. The study cautions that despite ecotourism's allure, stakeholders could have much to lose from pursuing the ecotourism vision and failing to realise it.

People’s Participation in Local Governance of Besishahar Municipality of Lamjung District in Western Nepal

The key aim of this article is to look into the current state of people's participation and immersion in local governance of Besishahar Municipality of Lamjung district. Outlined by purposive non-probability judgmental sampling techniques, qualitative data saturation procedure was adopted so that to make valid understanding of local governance and fifteen sample respondents were ascertained. Elected officials, Mayor, Vice Mayor, intellectuals, and government officer, Ward members, intellectuals, and public workers were among the 15 respondents. Primary data was accumulated mainly through formal and informal field and telephonic interviews. The study findings deduced that people's lively participation in many areas of government and development activities at the local level has been progressive and encouraging. The legislature plays a significant role in Municipality assembly lawmaking and the executive body's primary responsibility is to provide day-to-day service delivery to the people at the local level. However, there are numerous problems and possibilities. They lack the necessary resources and budget for social and economic development. Amid tribulations, the number of elected representatives has made altogether seventy-one local laws. Local governments have 22 rights under the Nepalese constitution of 2015. At this juncture, they can start building capability at the grassroots level. The local government can help them develop their leadership skills. Broadly, amidst shortcomings, prospects and challenges, this Municipality's innovative works in social, political, and economic development through infrastructural operations are commendable.

The Influence of Local Patriotism on Participation in Local Politics, Civic participation, Trust in Local Government and Collective Action

Patriotism is conceived of as a national-level concept. I posit that people hold similarly strong feelings toward their municipal area. Based on long-standing the- ories of patriotism in national politics, I show how local patriotism influences local politics. Using novel preregistered survey data from an online sample matched to nationally representative data in terms of gender, age, and race, I show that people have feelings of love, indifference, or hate toward their municipality. I also find a strong positive correlation between loving one’s municipality and partici-pation in local politics, civic participation, and trust in local government. I also conducted two preregistered survey experiments that show that priming feelings of love and/or hate towards one’s town strongly motivates the willingness to sac-rifice to solve local collective action problems. Specifically, stimuli that evoked these feelings made participants much more likely to donate the payment they earned from completing the survey to solve a town problem. These results show the crucial importance of local patriotism for understanding local politics.

Intercultural Communications and Community Participation in Local Governance: EU Experience

This article deals with the identification of the most effective mechanisms, methods and tools for local governance in the EU through a high-level community participation in these processes in the context of building existing systems of intercultural communication. The essence and substance of intercultural communication is revealed with the help of well-known research methods, as well as the logical structure and systemic analysis. The main interdependencies in their implementation on the community structure are determined. The issue of determining the place of local governments in the system of intercultural communications at the territorial community level occupies an important place in the study. The main features of intercultural communication and their impact on community participation in local governance are revealed. An important conclusion is drawn that public demand is the main product of intercultural communication, while social capital is the main result. The relationship between the breadth of community coverage by intercultural communication processes and the depth of community participation in local governance processes is studied. This inclusiveness allows determining the civil society development level, the activity of its institutions, as well as the extent at which the goal of implementing good governance concept in a particular community is achieved. The intercultural communication is proved to be able to form a public demand system that the community presents to local self-government bodies as programme requirements for the state of territorial development. All this determines the further need to study social capital as an independent resource and additional potential that the community can offer through the network of social communications to local self-government bodies to improve the effectiveness of territorial development.
 
 Received: 27 June 2022 / Accepted: 28 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022

지방자치단체의 입법참여강화를 위한 법제개선방안 연구 - 정부입법참여를 중심으로 -

최근 우리나라는 2021년 1월 12일「지방자치법」전부개정이 진행하 였다. 개정의 주요 이유는 헌법상 보장된 지방자치단체의 자치권을 보장 하고, 민주주의 핵심인 주민의 지방행정의 적극적인 참여를 위해, 주민 에 대한 정보공개 의무를 부여하며, 주민의 감사청구 제도를 개선하고, 국가와 지방자치단체의 협력을 강화하기 위한 방안으로 중앙지방협력회 의의 설치 근거를 마련하며, 지방행정의 변화에 따른 새로운 행정기관인 특별지방자치단체의 설치ㆍ운영에 관한 법적 근거를 마련하고, 관할구역 경계조정 제도를 개선하였다. 자치입법에 있어서 주민의 조례에 대한 제정과 개정ㆍ폐지 청구에 관 한 사항을 현행 법률에서 분리하여 별도의 법률로 제정하기로 함에 따라 관련 규정을 정비하는 등 그 내용이 반영되었다는 점에서 그 의미는 매 우 크다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 지방자치법의 전면개정에도 불구하고 민주주의와 지방자치의 핵 심인 지방자치단체 및 지방자치단체협의체 등의 입법 및 정책참여에 대한 기회는 여전히 부족한 것으로 판단된다. 현재 지방자치단체의 입법참여 문제는 지방의 자치권에 대한 헌법의 제도적 보장과 매우 밀접한 관련이 있다. 즉 자치권이 보장되기 위해서 는 지방자치단체의 이익을 보호하기 위한 제도적인 장치로서 지방자치단 체의 입법참여가 필수이다. 지방자치에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 법령의 경우 정부에 의견을 제출하거나 지방자치와 직접적인 영향을 미치는 법 령의 경우 정부에 의견을 제출하거나 지방자치와 관련된 법률의 제정 · 개정 또는 폐지가 필요하다고 인정하는 경우 국회에 서면으로 의견을 제 출하는 정도이다. 헌법상 보장된 자치권의 보장이라는 취지와 지방자치법의 목적 등을 고 려한다면, 국가의 입법과정 등에 적극적으로 지방자치단체 및 그 협의체 가 의견을 반영 또는 입법과정에 참여할 수 있는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 지방자치단체의 입법참여를 위한 개선방안들은 법률을 개정하는 방안으로 기존의 연구와 외국의 입법례 등을 근거해서 제시해 보고 합리적인 법제개선방향을 제시하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 한다.

Influence of Gender Equality in the Management Committee on Community-Led Monitoring of Borehole Water Projects

In recent years, governments and development practitioners have emphasized the involvement of all stakeholders, especially the intended beneficiaries in the project cycle to accelerate the achievement of development objectives and sustain the realized gains. Various approaches are being used to intensify the involvement of people in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of community-driven development interventions. In Kenya, County governments are constitutionally mandated to promote the participation of the people in development and governance at the local level. Since their inception, the County governments have been putting in place local governance structures and avenues for members of the community to participate in development projects and programs. In Kenya, these participatory local governance structures and avenues have not been widely studied. The study assessed the influence of gender equality in the management committee on community-led monitoring of borehole water projects. The study was based on the theory of participation which attributes the success of engagement between project stakeholders to four favorable factors: context, design, power, and scale of the engagement. A case study research design was used. The study population comprised the household heads, borehole water project management committee members, and officials of the County government of Meru County, as key informants. Interview schedules and a questionnaire were used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Systematic random sampling was used to select 38 household heads. All the 12 members of the Mbeu cattle dip community borehole management committee, one Mbeu Ward administration official, and 10 officials of the Directorate of Monitoring and Evaluation in Meru County formed part of the study sample. The study showed that superficially, there is no gender-based discrimination in community-led monitoring of borehole water projects. The study showed that County Government of Meru policies meant to promote gender equality are not well cascaded or implemented at the local level. The study concluded that the management committee is pivotal in community-led monitoring of borehole water projects and broadly, implementation of community-led development initiatives. The study recommends that authorities ought to educate members of the community about patterns of gender-based discrimination.

Investimentos da China no Brasil, na África do Sul e na Índia: arranjos institucionais, atores e impactos

O BRICS (Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul) constituiu um marco do início do século XXI e gerou expectativas de ser um polo alternativo à ordem mundial baseada nos Estados Unidos. Embora tenha construído diferentes espaços de cooperação e instituições comuns na última década, a relação entre os países do BRICS é assimétrica, principalmente em virtude do peso econômico da China. Este artigo tem por objetivo fornecer um panorama dos investimentos da China em três outros membros do BRICS: Brasil, África do Sul e Índia. Metodologicamente, evidenciamos as características mais relevantes dos investimentos chineses, observando os seguintes itens: principais empresas e bancos de investimento; volumes de investimento e principais setores; e participação do governo local e instituições parceiras privadas. Além disso, destacamos alguns programas e políticas públicas que facilitam o investimento chinês em cada um desses países. Por fim, verificamos a existência ou não de impactos sociais, ambientais e trabalhistas que possam estar envoltos nos projetos. Neste sentido, o artigo fornece aspectos relevantes que permitem identificar similaridades e diferenças nas relações econômicas de cada país com a China. Apresentamos a síntese dos resultados na forma de figuras.

Peran Hubungan Masyarakat (Humas) Dalam Penyebarluasan Informasi Pembangunan Daerah di Kabupaten Bengkalis Riau

The purpose of this analysis is to be able to find out and also analyze how the strategies that can be used by the public relations of the Riau City government in disseminating regional development information. As for the participation of local governments, namely to be able to build "good governance" to be able to develop a dimension of openness, which is easy to access and transparent. In this case, there is also a need for a lot of criticism and opinions from other parties or from public opinion. and an institution that exists in one of the government offices that work to be able to realize a form of transparency, ease of accessing information, while transparency is a field related to government public relations. as for Public Relations (Humas) is very important in order to be able to improve a local government performance in disseminating information to the public or the public. which is where Public Relations (PR) it self will confront, namely between the interests of the local community and also the interests of the government from one party to another in order to improve a development performance in the community and also government activities. so it can be said that the role of Public Relations (PR) is to be able to build a synchronous relationship with the community and also to be able to build a position from one agency in view of the community, in order to be able to receive an understanding and also get a support from the community. Public relations here are also the spearhead of the implementation of local government information. because basically the Regional Apparatus Work Unit (SKPD) and also to be able to establish a relationship with Public Relations. which Public Relations (PR) has an important role in the delivery of information services organized by a local government agency together with the community. Keywords: p ublic relations, local government.

Women Participation in Local Governance: A Study of South Dayi District in the Volta Region

Women Participation in Local Governance: A Study of South Dayi District in the Volta Region