Partial Discharge Inception Stress Research Articles

Status of 275 kV REBCO HTS Cable Development in the NEDO Project

A 275kV 3 kA high temperature superconducting cable (HTS cable), which could be used as a backbone power line in the future, was developed in the NEDO project called M-PACC. One of the most important developments of a high voltage HTS cable was the high voltage insulation technology. A design guideline and a test specification that was necessary to design, product and demonstrate of a 275kV, 3 kA HTS cable have been studied by obtaining the various experimental data such as AC withstand voltage, impulse withstand voltage, partial discharge inception stress, and the V-t characteristics of the insulation, on the basis of the Japan Electrical Standards (JEC) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Moreover, the 275kV, 3 kA HTS cable with a length of 30 m was demonstrated under a long-term voltage and current loading test.

Progress of 275 kV–3 kA YBCO HTS cable

A 275kV–3kA high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable has been developed in the Materials & Power Applications of Coated Conductors (M-PACC) project.AC loss reduction of a two-layer HTS conductor was undertaken by removing the edges of YBCO tapes with low critical current density. The HTS conductor using these tapes was fabricated, and low loss of 0.235W/m at 3kArms was achieved.The 275kV–3kA cable was designed, and the 2m model cables were fabricated. This cable had 325mm2 copper stranded former inside the HTS conductor and a 310mm2 copper shield layer on the HTS shield layer for over-current protection. These cables withstood an over-current of 63.0kA for 0.6s, which is the worst situation for 275kV systems.The partial discharge (PD) and V–t characteristics of a liquid nitrogen (LN2)/polypropylene (PP) laminated paper composite insulation system have been integrated into the design of the insulation for the 275kV cable. The results revealed that the PD inception stress (PDIE) did not depend on the insulation thickness, and that lifetime indices of V–t characteristics at PD inception were as high as about 80–100.

Research on insulation design method of a cold dielectric type superconducting cable

It is important that study on cryogenic electrical insulation design to develop the cold dielectric (CD) type high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable because the cable is operated under the high-voltage environment in cryogenic temperature. Therefore, this paper describes a design method for the electrical insulation layer of the CD type HTS cable adopting the partial discharge (PD)-free design under ac stress, based on the experimental results such a partial discharge inception stress (PDIE) and V– t characteristics, and an impulse breakdown strength of liquid nitrogen (LN 2)/laminated polypropylene paper (LPP) composite insulation system in which the mini-model cable is immersed into pressurized LN 2.

Verification tests and insulation design method of cold dielectric superconducting cable

AbstractA High‐Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cable has a bulk power transmission capacity as a candidate for the replacement of aged cables and/or for the increase of the power transmission capacity, and its diameter is preferred to be smaller than the inner diameter of the duct for the existing cables. To reduce the diameter of HTS cable, the cold dielectric (CD)‐type electrical insulation in which a cable core is immersed into liquid nitrogen (LN2) should be adopted, and the thickness of its electrical insulation layer has to be optimized. Since a partial discharge (PD) in the electrical insulation layer of the CD‐type HTS cable is considered as a major cause for the aging of the insulation layer, PD‐free design must be adopted for the CD‐type HTS cable.This paper describes a design method for the electrical insulation layer of the CD‐type HTS cable adopting the PD‐free design under AC stress, based on the experimental results such as a PD inception stress (PDIE), an impulse breakdown stress, and PD extinction characteristics under AC stress superimposed with an impulse stress. Moreover, the proposed design method was applied to a 500‐m HTS cable and was verified by a field test. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(2): 25–36, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20512

Electrical Insulation Design and Experimental Results of a High-Temperature Superconducting Cable

A 22.9 kV/50 MVA class high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable system was developed in Korea. For the optimization of electrical insulation design for HTS cable, it is necessary to investigate the ac and impulse breakdown and partial discharge inception stress of the liquid nitrogen (LN2)/ laminated polypropylene paper (LPP) composite insulation system. These results were used to insulation design of the model cable for a 22.9 kV class HTS power cable and the model cable was manufactured. The insulation test of the manufactured model cable was evaluated in various conditions and was satisfied standard technical specification in Korea. Based on these experimental data, the single-phase and three-phase HTS cable of a prototype were manufactured and verified.

低温絶縁超電導ケーブルの絶縁設計とその実証

A High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cable has a bulk power transmission capacity as a candidate for the replacement of the aged cable and/or for the increase of the power transmission capacity, and its diameter is prefer to be smaller than inner diameter of the duct for the existing cables. To reduce the diameter of HTS cable, the cold dielectric (CD) type electrical insulation in which a cable core is immersed into liquid nitrogen (LN2) should be adopted, and the thickness of its electrical insulation layer has to be optimized. Since a partial discharge (PD) in the electrical insulation layer of the CD type HTS cable is considered as a major causes for the aging of the insulation layer, PD-free design must be adopted for the CD type HTS cable.This paper describes a design method for the electrical insulation layer of the CD type HTS cable adopting the PD-free design under ac stress, based on the experimental results such as a PD inception stress (PDIE), an impulse breakdown stress, and PD extinction characteristics under ac stress superimposed with an impulse stress. Moreover, the proposed design method was applied to a 500-m HTS cable and was verified by a field test.

Research on Insulation Design of 22.9-kV High-<tex>$rm T_rm c$</tex>Superconducting Cable in Korea

The electrical insulation design is important for high-Tc superconducting (HTS) cable because the cable is operated in a medium voltage environment. For the insulation design of HTS cable, it is necessary to investigate the ac, impulse breakdown, and partial discharge inception stress of a liquid nitrogen/polypropylene laminated paper composite insulation system. These results were used to design the electrical insulation of 22.9-kV-class HTS cable in Korea and cable was manufactured. A manufactured mini-model HTS cable was evaluated for ac withstand voltage, impulse withstand voltage, breakdown and dielectric tangent loss (tan/spl delta/). From these tests, the cable has satisfied the standard technical specification of KEPCO in Korea. The breakdown voltage was 110 kV.

Partial discharge inception characteristics of LN/sub 2// polypropylene laminated paper composite insulation system for high temperature superconducting cables

Partial discharge (PD) inception characteristics of liquid nitrogen (LN2)/polypropylene (PP) laminated paper composite insulation system for high temperature superconducting (HTS) cables were investigated in terms of the volume effect and the V-t characteristics. The electrical and optical measurements of PD inception characteristics showed that initial PD could be generated between PP laminated paper layers, as well as in a butt gap. Using a parameter called statistically stressed liquid volume (SSLV) based on the discharge probability in both butt gaps and LN2-filled thin layers between PP laminated papers, we could systematically analyze and evaluate the volume effect on PD inception stress (PDIE). Furthermore, experimental results revealed that n values of V-t characteristics at PD inception were as high as 80-110. On the other hand, the lower n values obtained at breakdown were interpreted by the intensified PD development in thermal bubbles generated after the PD inception