Body Parameters Research Articles

Determination of age in representatives of the genus Sylvaemus by the degree of molar wear

Various methods are used to identify representatives of the genus Sylvaemus, most of which are metric. In order to exclude anomalies in further calculations and to minimize allometric variations associated with the growth of animals, it is necessary to take into account age as an important factor of variability. Usually, a number of criteria are used to determine the age and describe the growth of mice: measurements of body and skull parameters, body weight, the degree molar wear, and the weight of the lens of the eye. Length is a more consistent guide for determining the age of mice than body weight, which usually ceases to be directly related to age after reaching adult size. Age can also be determined by the fusion of the epiphysis with the diaphysis in the bones of the limbs and by the degree of development of the thymus. Most often, teeth are used to determine age. Among such age criteria, we distinguish eruption and replacement of teeth sets, tooth growth in length, overgrowth of the tooth pulp cavity, tooth wear, and annual layers in the tooth tissues. Usually, the age of mice is determined by the degree of molar wear. Some authors do not consider this method universal due to individual feeding habits of animals and other environmental factors. The order of wear of tooth rows can sometimes change, and the degree of wear of the right and left tooth rows can also differ. The craniological collection of small mammals of O. V. Zorya, collected in the territory of Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, was studied. In total, 198 specimens of three species of the genus Sylvaemus were analysed: Sylvaemus uralensis, Sylvaemus sylvaticus, and Sylvaemus tauricus. Analysed were 14 odontometric and 23 craniological characters. Among the metric characters, four odontometric (LM2, WM1, LM2, LM123) and nine craniological characters (LIOC, LD, LFI, LPP, WCH, GLS, DI, LLM, LM) made the greatest contribution to the age group differentiation of mice of the genus Sylvaemus. Among the features that contributed the most to the differentiation, length measurements prevailed. LLM, LM123, LPP, LIOC, and GLS are the least variable metric characters. It is not possible to divide the sample of mice of the genus Sylvaemus into age groups based on odontometric and craniological character since the ranges of values of metric characters overlap.

Некоторые результаты работ по оценке эманаций радона Унальского хвостохранилища

Introduction. Despite the significant contribution of scientists to the study of the existing technogenic impact of the Unal tailing dump on the environment, studies on it of such parameters as the stress-strain state of the tailing dump body, radon emanation have not been previously studied. Materials and research methods. The purpose of the studies described in the work was to study the presence and magnitude of radon emanations in the subsoil air of the surface of the Unal tailing dump for further assessment of the applicability of the method to take into account the stress-strain state of the body. As a result of field studies, the authors measured the equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of radon-222 (hereinafter EEVA) in the reference points selected according to the previously proposed algorithm for selecting reference points, which is based on the methodology for determining the stress-strain state of a body undergoing change. As a result of the studies, the values of radon emanation data were determined, the data obtained on EEDA were processed and systematized for subsequent analysis and evaluation using specialized software and algorithmic software. Research results. As a result of the analysis and evaluation of the obtained data on EEDA, after establishing the fact of the presence of radon emanations from the area, it can be concluded that it is necessary to conduct a second expedition in order to prove the hypothesis of the possible use of EEDA to assess and characterize the stress-strain state of the tailings body (in relation to the Unal tailings) and substantiate occurrence of serious consequences in case of a potential change in the state of the body of the tailing dump during seasonal flooding, seismic and technogenic impacts. In the course of this work on the analysis of the results of experimental studies in the scientific and educational center of the SFU branch in Gelendzhik and field studies, the following conclusions can be formulated. As a result of a number of research activities to assess the geo-ecological sustainability of tailings using seismic and satellite GPS equipment (including the justification of control well locations for monitoring radon emanations), the hypothesis was confirmed that the current values can be estimated from variations in changes in radon 222 emanations stress-strain state of the body of the tailing dump, which makes a significant contribution to the development of express methods for diagnosing the level of pollution of anomalous zones and assessing the risk for adjacent media using the latest geophysical, geochemical and geostatic methods. The proposed method for analyzing the stress-strain state of the tailing dump body and other parameters of its internal structure can also be used to monitor other alluvial and bulk man-made massifs formed as a result of the activities of mining and processing plants located in various regions of the Russian Federation.

Factors of local conversion of iodothyronines correlate with indicators of hormonal, biochemical, and hematological profiles in patients with spinal canal and dural sac stenosis of the lumbar spine

In order to find out the mechanisms of pathogenesis of degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine, it is of particular interest to search for body parameters which are directly or indirectly interrelated with the key factors of peripheral conversion of nidus iodothyronines and constitute a system of network interactions, affecting metabolic indicators at the local and systemic level.The aim. To search for correlations of local key factors of peripheral conversion of Ligamentum flavum iodothyronines with indicators of biochemical, hematological and hormonal blood profiles of patients with stenosing processes of the spinal canal and dural sac in the lumbar spine.Materials and methods. 33 patients (15 males, 18 females) with stenosing processes of the spinal canal and dural sac in the lumbar spine were examined (mean age – 45.73 ± 1.95 years). The expression of deiodinase genes and other candidate genes was determined in Ligamentum flavum biopsies collected during surgical treatment. Biochemical, hematological and hormonal parameters were determined in peripheral blood. The resulting data array was processed in order to find correlations between the parameters of systemic and local metabolism.Results. The relationships of deiodinases with the expression of GDF5, MMP1, MMP3 and TIMP1 in Ligamentum flavum (p < 0.05) were found. Of the hormonal profile of the blood serum, the most significant indicators were thyreotropin, free triiodothyronine and thyroperoxidase antibodies. In the biochemical profile, levels of direct bilirubin, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides changed along with the expression of deiodinases. Correlative relationships with the expression of deiodinases were found for the following hematological analytes of whole peripheral blood: hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, numbers of granulocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, band neutrophils, red cell distribution width and platelet crit. The data obtained indicate the involvement of peripheral conversion factors in the pathogenetic process and provide information to form a new view on the pathogenesis of degenerative-dystrophic processes in the Ligamentum flavum of patients with stenosing processes of the spinal canal and the dural sac in the lumbar spine.

An Extended Review Concerning the Relevance of Deep Learning and Privacy Techniques for Data-Driven Soft Sensors

The continuously increasing number of mobile devices actively being used in the world amounted to approximately 6.8 billion by 2022. Consequently, this implies a substantial increase in the amount of personal data collected, transported, processed, and stored. The authors of this paper designed and implemented an integrated personal health data management system, which considers data-driven software and hardware sensors, comprehensive data privacy techniques, and machine-learning-based algorithmic models. It was determined that there are very few relevant and complete surveys concerning this specific problem. Therefore, the current scientific research was considered, and this paper comprehensively analyzes the importance of deep learning techniques that are applied to the overall management of data collected by data-driven soft sensors. This survey considers aspects that are related to demographics, health and body parameters, and human activity and behaviour pattern detection. Additionally, the relatively complex problem of designing and implementing data privacy mechanisms, while ensuring efficient data access, is also discussed, and the relevant metrics are presented. The paper concludes by presenting the most important open research questions and challenges. The paper provides a comprehensive and thorough scientific literature survey, which is useful for any researcher or practitioner in the scope of data-driven soft sensors and privacy techniques, in relation to the relevant machine-learning-based models.

Analysis of somatometric parameters of children with recurrent subluxations of C1–C2 vertebrae

Introduction. The problem of instability in the cervical spine in children has been repeatedly discussed in the medical literature and has become the subject of discussion. This is due to a significant increase in the number and recurrence of subluxations in the C1–C2 segment. An assumption is made about the relationship of this pathology with systemic connective tissue dysplasia, but evidence-based studies are required.Aim. To make a statistical analysis of individual somatometric indicators in children with recurrent subluxations of the C1–C2 vertebrae and signs of connective tissue dysplasia.Materials and methods. The analysis of measurements of selected body parameters in pre-pubertal children with acute and recurrent torticollis against the background of systemic connective tissue dysplasia was carried out. The data of 186 children aged 9–11 years in comparative groups for the period 2016–2021 were studied. Modern methods of statistics were used.Results. Dependences were obtained confirming the hypothesis of the relationship between asthenic physique (high height, low weight and chest circumference) and recurrent dislocations in the C1–C2 segmentConclusions. When comparing the average values for two independent samples made up of the indicators of the main group and the comparison group, the conclusion obtained during visual examination and somatometric examination of patients diagnosed with torticollis at admission to the hospital was confirmed: relapses are inherent in children with high growth, low weight, smaller chest circumference and smaller wrist circumference.

The Effects of Zumba Fitness® on Respiratory Function and Body Composition Parameters: An Eight-Week Intervention in Healthy Inactive Women.

Women are considered less active than men, and a sedentary lifestyle particularly affects middle-aged women and affects their overall health. Recommending group fitness programs that have a positive effect on women's overall health is an important strategy of any health policy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate how the Zumba Fitness® workout affects healthy inactive women's respiratory function and body composition. The research was conducted for eight weeks on a sample of 41 females aged 35 to 45 divided into two groups: experimental (21 subjects: age 38.52 ± 2.29) and control (20 subjects: age 39.45 ± 3.01). They were tested before, four weeks, and eight weeks after the intervention period. The respiratory functions were tested using spirometry and the body composition parameters by the Tanita body analyzer. The experimental group practiced Zumba Fitness® three times per week for 60 min (24 training sessions in total). The control group was not physically active during the intervention period. After the Zumba Fitness® program, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in the following respiratory function parameters: forced expiratory volume in the first second (M = 4.02 ± 0.69; MD = 0.65, p = 0.01, ES = 0.14), vital capacity (M = 4.10 ± 0.65: MD = -0.63, p = 0.03, ES = 0.11) and lung age (M = 30.95 ± 10.30; MD = 8.52, p = 0.04, ES = 0.10). The body composition parameters were significantly decreased: body mass (M = 60.09 ± 7.57; MD = 6.32, p = 0.03, ES = 0.11), body mass index (M = 20.44 ± 2.63; MD = 2.61, p = 0.01, ES = 0.13) and fat mass (M = 16.07 ± 4.87; MD = 3.95, p = 0.03, ES = 0.11). The results of the current study suggest that the Zumba Fitness® workout is a beneficial exercise method not only for reducing body parameters but also for improving respiratory function in inactive women.

Relationship between mechanical and microstructural parameters of rat lumbar spine in different ages

Exploring the relationships between microstructure and mechanical properties of bones may provide effective suggestions for increasing bone strength and reducing osteoporotic fracture. In this research, the tissue-level mechanical parameters, microstructure parameters of cancellous bone, and apparent mechanical parameters of L6 vertebral body were calculated in female SD rats aged 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-, 9-, 11-, 13-, 15-, 16-, and 17-month-old. Data were processed with Kruskal–Wallis test, linear regression and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis. Appropriately increasing the plate Tb.N could enhance mechanical properties of bone. Tb.Th and Tb.N were two key factors in determining the tissue-level mechanical properties of cancellous bone. The microstructure could significantly predict mechanical parameters. Our findings may help to further understand the mechanism of osteoporotic fractures.

INCREASE OF WORK EFFICIENCYOF THE VIBRATING SEPARATOR

Vibrating separation on sieves is one of the most common ways of loose materialsseparating, and seeds of agricultural crops in particular. Vibrating separators have a number of advantages, as they allow combining the processes of transportation and material separation. In the designs of the existing seed cleaning machines of this type, from the point of view of the design parameters of the working body, setting and mode of operation, it is difficult to improve the indicator of the completeness of the separation of grain mixtures into fractions. Therefore, there is a need to find ways to intensify this process, to develop and study the operation of technical means for their implementation. One of the ways to improve the conditions for the movement of components of grain mixtures through the holes of the sieves is to create an electric field above them. Theoretically, there is a certain initial value of the intensity of the electric field, at which the seed will start to orient itself in it. The optimal tension value will be the one at which the degree of orientation of the seeds on the oscillating sieve in the longitudinal direction will be maximum (when their longitudinal axis will be perpendicular to the sieve). The paper describes the results of the process study of separating seeds of cereal crops on a vibrating electric separator and substantiates the optimal values of the electric field intensity E, which can achieve the maximum effect of seed orientation on the sieve. The results of experimental studies showed that the effect of the electric field on the seeds of different crops is not the same. It reveals itself the least on wheat seeds, since the quantity of seeds oriented in the electric field was about 35%. For barley seeds, the value of the studied indicator was 48%. The maximum percentage of oriented oat seeds was about 53% at the maximum intensity of the electric field of 6.67 kV/cmover the sieve. It was revealed that the orientation of the seeds on the sieve affects the intensity of its sieving through the holes. Under conditions of maximum orientation, the index of sifting of wheat seed increased by 20...23%, barley seed - by 26...30%, oats seed - by 47%.

An Improved Model−Free Current Predictive Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on High−Gain Disturbance Observer

Predictive current control (PCC) is an advanced control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). When the motor drive system is undisturbed, predictive current control exhibits a good dynamic response speed and steady−state performance, but the conventional PCC control performance of PMSM that depends on the motor body model is vulnerable to parameter perturbation. Aiming at this problem, an improved model−free predictive current control (IMFPCC) strategy based on a high−gain disturbance observer (HGDO) is proposed in this paper. The proposed strategy is introduced with the idea of model−free control, relying only on the system input and output to build an ultra−local current prediction model, which gets rid of the constraints of the motor body parameters. In the paper, the ultra−local structure is optimized by comparing and analyzing the equation of the state of the classical ultra−local structure and PMSM system. The system’s current state variables are incorporated into the ultra−local system modeling, as a result, the current estimation errors existing in the classical ultra−local structure are eliminated. For the unmodeled and parametric perturbation part of the ultra−local system, a high−gain disturbance observer is designed to estimate it in real time. Finally, the proposed IMFPCC strategy is compared with the conventional model−based predictive current control (MPCC) and the conventional model−free predictive current control (CMFPCC) in simulation and experiment. The results show that the current steady−state error of the IMFPCC strategy in the case of parameter variation is only 50% of the MPCC method, which proves the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed strategy.

Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tube-Predicting Insertion Depth and Tube Size Based on Patient's Chest X-ray Image Data and 4 Other Body Parameters.

In thoracic surgery, the double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) is used for differential ventilation of the lung. DLT allows lung collapse on the surgical side that requires access to the thoracic and mediastinal areas. DLT placement for a given patient depends on two settings: a tube of the correct size (or 'size') and to the correct insertion depth (or 'depth'). Incorrect DLT placements cause oxygen desaturation or carbon dioxide retention in the patient, with possible surgical failure. No guideline on these settings is currently available for anesthesiologists, except for the aid by bronchoscopy. In this study, we aimed to predict DLT 'depths' and 'sizes' applied earlier on a group of patients (n = 231) using a computer modeling approach. First, for these patients we retrospectively determined the correlation coefficient (r) of each of the 17 body parameters against 'depth' and 'size'. Those parameters having r > 0.5 and that could be easily obtained or measured were selected. They were, for both DLT settings: (a) sex, (b) height, (c) tracheal diameter (measured from X-ray), and (d) weight. For 'size', a fifth parameter, (e) chest circumference was added. Based on these four or five parameters, we modeled the clinical DLT settings using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). After excluding statistical outliers (±2 SD), 83.5% of the subjects were left for 'depth' in the modeling, and similarly 85.3% for 'size'. SVM predicted 'depths' matched with their clinical values at a r of 0.91, and for 'sizes', at an r of 0.82. The less satisfactory result on 'size' prediction was likely due to the small target choices (n = 4) and the uneven data distribution. Furthermore, SVM outperformed other common models, such as linear regression. In conclusion, this first model for predicting the two DLT key settings gave satisfactory results. Findings would help anesthesiologists in applying DLT procedures more confidently in an evidence-based way.

Methodology for Engineering Calculation of the Working Body for Continuous Fallow Field Tillage

Tillage of fallow fields in summer is shown to be important for obtaining high quality food grains. The need for the engineering calculation of working bodies is emphasized, since the existing tillage machines and tools do not fully ensure the implementation of this technological process. (Research purpose) To develop a methodology for engineering calculation of the working body parameters for continuous fallow field tillage in summer. (Materials and methods) An analysis of the working body design has been conducted. It reveals that some of the working bodies bring a significant amount of wet soil layers to the surface, and others do not ensure a stable processing depth (4-6 centimeters) or do not completely destroy weeds. An engineering calculation method is proposed. It takes into account the following parameters of the working body: the angles of setting the lower part against the motion line and against the horizon, the angle of setting the upper part against the horizon, the conjugation radius of the upper and lower parts, the length of the cutting edge. (Results and discussion) A working body design is created meeting the agrotechnical requirements. The following parameters of the working body design are obtained: the angle of setting the lower part against the motion line is within 38-42 degrees and against the horizon – within 15-18 degrees, the angle of the upper part in the longitudinal-vertical and transverse-vertical planes is within 38-42 degrees, the conjugation radius of the upper and lower parts is within 0.2-0.3 millimeters, and the cutting edge length is of 282 millimeters. (Conclusions) A methodology for engineering calculation of the designed working body parameters is developed. It enables continuous fallow field tillage taking into account the soil physical and mechanical properties and the required indicators of the technological process.

Potential use of Tinospora cordifolia as a herbal supplement in dairy animals: a review

Supplementation is an integral part of modern dairy-feeding practices which mainly emphasise on higher production. Different supplements have been utilized by the farmers according to the need and action of supplements. Tinospora cordifolia (TC) is one such herbal supplement which can be utilized to feed dairy animals either alone or in combination with other supplements. TC is a herb found in tropical countries and having number of medicinal properties. Beneficial health effects of TC include immunostimulation, protection against inflammation and bacterial action, hepatoprotection, antioxidant and antineoplastic effects. Available studies on TC supplementation in dairy animals have shown a positive effect on health, body parameters and production performance. Supplementing TC is economically feasible, and it can be adopted by farmers as it helps in improving their net income. However, more research is needed in the field of dairy animals to explore the full potential of this herb. This review is written with the objective of highlighting the possibilities of using TC in dairy animal rations and promoting research in the concerned field to fill the gaps in knowledge. Thorough knowledge about TC and its effect in dairy animals can add a new concept to the supplementation process and developments of dairy rations.

Estimating the Potential Accuracy of Some Orbital Parameters from Angular Measurements: a 2D model

The problem of estimating some parameters of a cosmic body orbits from angular measurements is considered. Contrary to the existing opinion that angular measurements are unsuitable for obtaining accuracies that are of practical interest, it is shown that, if the orbit is such that the impact place is in the vicinity of the observer, then such parameters as the impact point and time can be determined with quite acceptable accuracy. A fairly simple means for evaluating the accuracy of the "motion-measurement" process by reducing it to an analysis in a plane is described. The analysis is based on several principles. A family of orbits unfavorable to the observer is singled out, and an analysis is performed on this family. These are orbits whose plane touches the observer's Earth parallel, with the touching point being the intersection point of the observer and cosmic body trajectories. The article substantiates a simple approximate plane model, in which the observer’s true motion is replaced without changing its velocity by motion in the orbit plane. Information about the impact point is contained in the observations when the height decreases, which makes it possible to consider the gravity acceleration of as a constant in the descending mode. The motion model is simplified compared with the Keplerian motion: a simple motion scheme is obtained in the polar coordinate system. As a result, it becomes unnecessary to solve the differential equation representing the change in acceleration. A measurement formula that takes into account the Earth curvature and the observer latitude is derived, and the parameters determining the analyzed scheme are added: the distance to the impact point, incidence angle and impact moment, and horizontal velocity. The model accuracy is analyzed using the Fisher matrix. As a result, an approximate problem on a plane with four parameters is obtained instead of a problem in 3D space with seven parameters. The difficulties with the accuracy of estimating the displacement and impact moment in the model remain, and they are analyzed. The accuracy is estimated using the concept of Fisher information and the multidimensional Rao-Kramer information inequality instead of analyzing the processing algorithm.

Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Ball Velocity Prediction in Baseball Pitcher using a Single Inertial Sensor

Ball velocity of pitching is an important factor in baseball players. Commonly, ball velocity measurement requires specific devices such as radar gun. On the other hand, Gomaz et al. developed the accurate ball velocity measurement using two inertial sensors on pelvis and trunk. Recently, smartphone installed inertial sensor is popular device in daily life. Therefore, if ball velocity can be measured by only a single inertial sensor, baseball players can measure own ball velocity by only smartphone in daily life and various situations. Thus, the objective of this study is to propose and evaluate the ball velocity prediction method using the only a single inertial sensor. The proposed method predicts ball velocity using by a single inertial sensor and machine learning technique. Five machine learning algorithms (linear regression, support vector machine, gaussian process, artificial neural network, and M5P) predicted ball velocity by data of single inertial sensor, body height, and body weight. In this study, Gomaz et al.’s public data for ball velocity and inertial data during pitching of baseball players were used for this investigation. Sensor placement was either sternum or pelvis. Accuracy of prediction was evaluated by root mean square error (RMSE) between actual and predicted value via leave-one-out cross-validation. The results showed that greatest algorithm (M5P) could accurately predict ball velocity by only single inertial sensor and body parameters (RMSE < 2.0 mph). These results suggest that ball velocity can be measured by only single inertial sensor such as smartphone.

On the issue of increasing the efficiency of the spindles of a vertical-spindle cotton picker

This article is devoted to the issue of increasing the efficiency of vertical-spindle cotton pickers by rational choice of kinematic and geometrical parameters of the main working body – the spindle drum. In particular, in the work, an analysis of the actual operating conditions of the spindles, existing machines, and the results of previous studies in this area indicate the main reasons for the low efficiency of cotton pickers. As a criterion for evaluating the efficiency of the vertical spindles, the “activity” of the spindles and the force that occurs between the cotton boll and the surface of the latter are taken. It is shown that the design features of the existing vertical spindle drums do not allow increasing the active surface of the spindles and their favorable orientation relative to cotton bolls in the collection area. It is substantiated that in order to increase the activity of the spindles in the collection zone, it is necessary to inform them, as they move in this zone, of the variable speed and trajectory of the spindle movement, which improves the conditions for the interaction of the latter with the cotton boll. The obtained results are compared and analyzed with the same results of the existing spindle drums, which showed a significant increase in the activity of the spindles when using elliptical drums as the main working body of the cotton picker.

Justification of the design parameters of the compaction roller for creating longitudinal boards in the rows of cotton

The article describes the formation of longitudinal and transverse slopes in Bukhara, Navoi, Khorezm, Kashkadarya regions and the Republic of Karakalpakstan. To date, sufficient research has not been conducted to create a new design, expand the capabilities and substantiate the parameters of the working bodies, although longitudinal thresholds are formed with the help of the developed devices, but in ensuring the quality and durability of the formed longitudinal thresholds. In this article, a theoretical study was carried out based on the parameters of the working body of the capacitor of longitudinal overlaps between rows of porous ones. As a result of theoretical studies, it was determined that the angle of inclination of the conical part of the capacitor cathode of the device should be 38 °, the total width of the cathode is 40 cm, the width of the conical part is 15 cm, the diameter of the cathode is at least 20.05 cm, the large diameter of the conical part 43.48 cm. As a result of the use of a device for the formation of a longitudinal bollard in the aisles of cotton, equipped with a sealing working body, a 46.2% reduction in manual labor was achieved, labor productivity increased 1.5 times.

Workflow for health-related and brain data lifecycle.

Poor lifestyle leads potentially to chronic diseases and low-grade physical and mental fitness. However, ahead of time, we can measure and analyze multiple aspects of physical and mental health, such as body parameters, health risk factors, degrees of motivation, and the overall willingness to change the current lifestyle. In conjunction with data representing human brain activity, we can obtain and identify human health problems resulting from a long-term lifestyle more precisely and, where appropriate, improve the quality and length of human life. Currently, brain and physical health-related data are not commonly collected and evaluated together. However, doing that is supposed to be an interesting and viable concept, especially when followed by a more detailed definition and description of their whole processing lifecycle. Moreover, when best practices are used to store, annotate, analyze, and evaluate such data collections, the necessary infrastructure development and more intense cooperation among scientific teams and laboratories are facilitated. This approach also improves the reproducibility of experimental work. As a result, large collections of physical and brain health-related data could provide a robust basis for better interpretation of a person's overall health. This work aims to overview and reflect some best practices used within global communities to ensure the reproducibility of experiments, collected datasets and related workflows. These best practices concern, e.g., data lifecycle models, FAIR principles, and definitions and implementations of terminologies and ontologies. Then, an example of how an automated workflow system could be created to support the collection, annotation, storage, analysis, and publication of findings is shown. The Body in Numbers pilot system, also utilizing software engineering best practices, was developed to implement the concept of such an automated workflow system. It is unique just due to the combination of the processing and evaluation of physical and brain (electrophysiological) data. Its implementation is explored in greater detail, and opportunities to use the gained findings and results throughout various application domains are discussed.

The 100 most cited articles on wearable technology in the area of Medical Informatics: A bibliometric analysis using Web of Science

INTRODUCTION: Wearable technology has revolutionized healthcare in recent years thanks to its ability to collect accurate data on the health status of patients. Wearable devices, such as smartwatches, wristbands, and fitness trackers, are designed to be worn on the body and can measure various body parameters, including heart rate, blood pressure, physical activity, and sleep quality. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the 100 most cited articles on wearable technology in the area of Medical Informatics. METHODS: The Web of Science database carried out a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles on wearable technology in the area of Medical Informatics. The objective is to identify the main trends and themes in this area of research. RESULTS: There is an increasing trend in the number of papers published and citations received in recent years, with some years with low publications but high citations and others with high publications but low citations. A positive and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.66; P<0.001) was found between the number of documents published by the authors and the number of citations they received. The analysis of publications by country, reveals that the United States is the most productive country, with 49 documents, followed by the United Kingdom, China, and Italy. However, when considering the impact of the research, other countries such as Canada, Germany, China, and South Korea have significantly high average citations per paper and leadership. CONCLUSION: The results of this study have several important implications for the research and development of wearable technology in the area of Medical Informatics. The increase in the number of papers published and citations received in recent years suggests a growing interest and advances in research. This indicates an increasing need to develop innovative real-time solutions for measuring and monitoring physical activity and health.

Analysis of Growth data of Physical Characteristics of Indian Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) at Panna Tiger Reserve

The importance of the presence of the Indian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in the Indian forest as an apex predator cannot be understated. The Government of India along with State Governments is running various programs for protecting tigers in the wilderness. This includes the reintroduction of tigers in those forested areas where currently tiger has no presence due to local extinction or in areas where tiger numbers are very low and the threat of their becoming locally extinct looms large. Reintroduction by translocating seven tigers to PTR, six from the other three tiger reserves of MP and one from Bhopal forest division, between the year 2009 and 2014, under 'Species Recovery and Reintroduction Project' has led to establishing a healthy tiger population in PTR within 10 years. The whole process of reintroduction has not only generated immense management experience but in this process, sufficient data has been gathered of tiger physical characteristics like weight, total length, neck, chest and abdomen girth, shoulder height, and canine size at different ages. As data regarding the body growth of a tiger in wild is mostly unavailable, this paper presents analysis of collected data and growth curves for these body parameters of wild tigers, both male and female. It will be very useful not only for those who are looking for physical characteristics in absolute terms and body growth rate of tigers in wild for academic purposes but also for those managers who are looking for tiger reintroduction in their area for taking appropriate decisions. Further as the genetic diversity of PTR tigers structurally represent genetic mixture of tigers of whole of Central India, the data collected of tigers of PTR may be used for all Central Indian tiger populations. Also, we can build on this to have an All India Booklet on Tiger Body Growth Data representing all regions of the country.

A Sensor-Integrated Face Mask Using Au@SnO2 Nanoparticle Modified Fibers and Augmented Reality Technology.

In this work, we develop a wireless sensor-integrated face mask using Au@SnO2 nanoparticle-modified conductive fibers based on augmented reality (AR) technology. AR technology enables the overlay of real objects and environments with virtual 3D objects and allows virtual interactions with real objects to create desired meanings. With the help of the AR system, the size of the mask could be precisely estimated and then manufactured using 3D printing technology. The body temperature sensor and respiratory sensor were integrated into the mask so that vital parameters of the human body could be continuously monitored without removing the personal protective equipment. Furthermore, the outer part of the mask consists of conductive fabric modified with Au@SnO2 core-shell nanoparticle additives, which enhanced the filtration efficiency of airborne aerosols. A significant improvement in the filtration efficiency of particulate matter 2.5 was observed after applying an external voltage to the conductive textiles. A smartwatch with a heart rate sensor was paired with the mask to display sensor data on the mask through wireless transmission. Therefore, this sensor-integrated mask system with AR technology provides the first line of defense to combat global threats from pathogens and air pollutants.