Paradigm Of Society Research Articles

In data we trust? The implications of datafication for social monitoring

Today there is a remarkable tolerance for Big Brother and Big Business routinely accessing citizens’ personal information also known as Big Data. Part of the explanation for this may be found in the gradual normalization of datafication as a new paradigm in science and society. Datafication is becoming a leading principle, not just amongst techno-adepts, but also amongst scholars. This article deconstructs the ideological grounds of datafication arguing that in many respects datafication is rooted in problematic ontological and epistemological claims. The ideology of dataism shows characteristics of a widespread belief in the objective quantification of human behavior through online media technologies.

Теория бюрократической рационализации Макса Вебера и ее вклад в парадигму индустриального общества

Теория бюрократической рационализации Макса Вебера и ее вклад в парадигму индустриального общества

Information and communiation society paradigm as a challenge of comuter revolution

The purpose of the article is the scientific knowledge of information and communication development of society as a civilization paradigm of the XXI century, which analyzed the approaches to the analysis of the type of society, called the information. Information society determined as information of life caused by information and computer revolution. To analyze this complex the phenomenon of information, sociological and synergistic approaches are applied and the results that information, sociological and synergistic approaches lead to the understanding of information and communication as the unity of the civilization paradigm are revealed. The latter self-organizing system, based on self-formed mechanisms of society is generated. The conclusion is that the implementation of this paradigm shift is needed in practice for the fifth and sixth technological structure, focus on information technologies that contribute to the impact of information and communication process of the development of a complex system of social and technological platform

Market-Based Regulatory Responses to Private Lending in China: Beyond a Law and Society Paradigm

AbstractAlong with China’s economic downturn, there has been an increase in the size of China’s underground lending market. The mounting risk in connection with this underground lending market triggers tremendous interest and debates over appropriate and effective regulatory responses. Because of its private and non-transparent character, the underground lending market is likely to confound those seeking to find “black letter” law governing its regulatory framework. Instead of relying on its conventional tighten-up strategy—using the muscle of the Criminal Law—China has orchestrated an experiment by allowing local legislation to formalize part of the underground lending market, as well as a judicial approach by recognizing a higher interest rate charged by underground lenders to borrowers. This article tries to understand the underlying rationale of regulatory and judicial movements through both law and society, and law and finance lens.

Neoliberal deregulation as biopolitical paradigm of contemporary capitalist society

The main task of this paper consists in the analysis of neoliberal deregulation as biopolitical paradigm of contemporary capitalist society. The paper starts from the premise that the political strategy of deregulation clearly can be unmasked as a change of direction and the domain of government intervention or as some kind of re-regulation which implies a shift from state interventionism towards management that enables market. The neoliberal premise of deregulation does not imply a lack of government intervention in general, but rather a lack of government intervention in the economy while providing the same (market) economy to prosper. However, this is not (just) the result of actually existing neoliberalism, which would in practice of its implementation significantly departed from what could be called a postulates of neoliberal theory.Following the arguments of Michel Foucault, it becomes clear that neoliberalism is already in its theoretical and conceptual core a new technology of government, given that significantly departs from the political principles of the release of the market to operate as a self-regulatory mechanism, or the liberal premise of laissez-faire. This shift does not imply a change just in the economy of liberalism as much as in the liberalism as art of governing or governmentality doctrine. At the same time, the paper stresses that, despite the erosion of national sovereignty, biopolitical organization of power over life in the era of neoliberalism is not disappeared, but has taken on a new global and hegemonic form. It is not more biopolitics of single population, which has a clearly delimited border. It is now the overall organization of power over life, one that govern ?without government?, because it is handled by human aspirations, wishes, happiness, fears, etc., internalizing as a global common sense, unquestionable modus vivendi and the global regime of truth.

Natural resources management in the coastal strip of the Azov sea

The purpose of the article is to characterize features of the natural resource management in the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov taking into consideration natural and anthropogenic factors and to formulate a general vision of its integrated management. The method is based on the analysis of normative and legislative initiatives of Ukraine in the field of the territory management, in particular coastal marine zones, analysis of planned and introduced economical and conservation projects and their efficiency, analysis of the global experience in the effective management of coastal zones with an attempt to transmit it to the Azov Sea coastline. Results . During the 20 th century, the strategic planning and management of land and water areas was grounded on an economical component. A resource paradigm in science and society has changed since then to environmental one thus requiring the search for new integrated management approaches, including coastal marine areas. The latter are characterized by a high density and variety of natural conditions and resources, being the basis for the formation and development of human economic activity. The conflict in the exploitation of coastal natural resources lies between their excessive use and development of the territory, causing depletion of the resources and disruption of ecological balance in the environment. A significant diversity of natural conditions and resources of the Azov Sea coastal zone, high dynamism of natural processes, considerable anthropogenic development of the coastal land, high concentration of local population, and traditional practices of use of natural resources should be taken into account when planning management activities in the coastal marine zone. Analysis of introduced projects and programmes in the Azov Sea coastal zone in most cases has shown their economic and resource efficiency and effectiveness. However, these highly specialized departmental projects did not actually demonstrate an integrated approach. In our research, we analyzed a global experience in the spatial scale for the implementation of a management system. It is proposed to focus on the natural-economic systems, which take into account both natural, and economic components and all types of interactions between them. In this capacity, the justified boundaries (the watershed line on land and 10 m isobath in the sea) of the Azov Sea paradynamic landscape system are advisable to use. It is concluded that the legislative framework in Ukraine does not actually provide an integrated management of the coastal marine zones, and in existing reports and documents the information about the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov is virtually absent or sporadic. It is proposed to introduce a system of legislative and executive initiatives for the regulation of use of natural resources in the Azov Sea coastal zone and for its integrated management. Scientific novelty : application of the gained global experience in the management of coastal marine zones to land and water areas within the Azov Sea paradynamic landscape system. Practical value: possibility to implement the global experience in the costal marine zone management for the Ukrainian part of the Azov Sea region. Keywords : coastal marine zone, surf zone, paradynamic landscape system, contrast environments, interaction, optimisation and management of natural resources.

The Development of North Brabant’s Spatial Logic

In this article, we investigate the co-evolutionary logics of organizational (environment, landscapes, architecture), institutional (governance and policy), and territorial (religion, activities, society) paradigms that have shaped the North Brabant province of the Netherlands. The authors postulate that the layering of socio-economic and spatial paradigms based on an interwoven ecology and interdependence of soil types, economic activities, infrastructures, and religion lead to a unique developmental logic within the region. This article expands on the historical layering of landscapes (urban, peri-urban, and rural) and transitions, attested by the region’s agricultural legacy (small scale farms, estates, and various soil types), merged with the legacy of industrial and post-industrial era transformations (industrial complexes, religious institutions). The article argues that the strength of the region lies in its mosaic of urbanity, farmland, and spread of spatial and economic activities, determining its current post-industrial landscape.

The Competition for Gifts: The Social Mechanism of the Revival of Popular Religion – An Ethnographic Study of Fu Village in Eastern Zhejiang

AbstractThis article uses the “gift paradigm” to understand the social mechanism of the revival of popular religion in developed rural areas. In eastern Zhejiang, peasants burn “Buddha paper [money]” (fozhi)Althoughfoliterally means “Buddha,” in the local dialect of Zhejiang it is better understood as a generic term for “deity,” including Buddha. – Trans.as a gift when making vows and praying to deities. They consider the fulfillment of their prayers repayment by the deities. The reciprocity between human and deity forms a chain of return gifts, with the household as the unit and the year as the interval, which is permeated with affection and morality. In recent years the economic growth of rural economies in eastern Zhejiang has synchronized with social diversification. Village upper classes, which are the most sensitive to risk, have become the main bodies of faith consumption, purchasing masses of Buddha paper or even hiring people to chant scriptures. Their potlatch-style gift display has led to imitation by other classes. Different classes have gone into intense competition over the degree of intimacy with the deities. The competition for symbolic capital is the driving force of the constant expansion of popular religious activities in this area. The rapid growth of Buddha paper consumption has made it impossible for household providers who offer ritual services to meet the demand. They therefore convene older people to form scripture-recitation groups to enlarge their supplies. The use of scripture chanting (nianfo, literally “reciting Buddhist texts”) results in a redistribution of superfluous wealth in villages to their middle and lower classes, via acquaintance networks. Everyday practices of eastern Zhejiang villagers show that popular religious activities in their society have a self-contained logic that has brought about an expansion in the competition for intimacy with deities. Society, on the other hand, has achieved integration in the circle of gift exchange between human and deity. Although the holistic view of the “gift paradigm” is the key to unlocking this popular religion revival, both the “power paradigm” and the “society paradigm” of gift exchange are indispensable in understanding the nature of the relationship in local popular religion.

Four questions on curriculum development in contemporary South Africa

This article explores current issues in South African philosophy curriculum design. Four questions are considered, each followed by a supplementary note. Firstly, the place of philosophy from other traditions, particularly Western philosophies, in South African curricula is considered (rather than the place of African philosophy in curricula). The related note reflects on whether different philosophical traditions in curricula should be treated separately or integrated. Secondly, ambiguity in some important authors’ reception of plural traditions is identified and investigated to see what we can derive from their example for our philosophical practice. The related note looks at “decolonisation of the curriculum”. Thirdly, I affirm the importance of relevance as a criterion for curriculum development, interrogating the meaning of this criterion for philosophy. The related note focuses on interpreting student feedback. Fourthly, the continued presence of “white” lecturers in South African philosophy departments is discussed against the background of the tension between the Mandela and Biko paradigms in contemporary society. The related note considers ideological resonances of our response to this issue in other parts of the world. Finally, the article’s ideas are presented as an attempt to map argumentative options, clarify some of their merits and implications, and acknowledge their limits.

The formation of the paradigm of information-communicative society as a kind of complex social systems and interactions

Is represented by the paradigms of conceptualisation of information-communicative society as a kind of complex social systems and interactions. Shows the condition of information-communicative society as a complex social system; It is characteristic of information-communicative society as an example of the analysis of the complex social system which researched T. Parsons; found the criteria for society as a whole system and its characteristics; It is the essence of the network of the Organization as a kind of complex social systems and interaction; revealed the criteria that contribute to the intensification of information production, in konteskti which develops the network organization

LIMITASI UNDANG-UNDANG PARTAI POLITIK DALAM MENDORONG PARTISIPASI POLITIK PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA: Kajian Hukum Dan Perubahan Sosial

This paper tries to study two main things, first: whether women's involvement in the political sector is the real participation of women or just another form of politicization of women, second: whether state policies toward women affect society paradigm in looking at women. Two questions are based on the fact that the involvement of women in political leadership is still weak and public perception about women is still dominated by patriarchal culture that resulted in the subordination of women in the political sector.

Secure anonymity-preserving password-based user authentication and session key agreement scheme for telecare medicine information systems

Background and objectivesInformation and communication and technology (ICT) has changed the entire paradigm of society. ICT facilitates people to use medical services over the Internet, thereby reducing the travel cost, hospitalization cost and time to a greater extent. Recent advancements in Telecare Medicine Information System (TMIS) facilitate users/patients to access medical services over the Internet by gaining health monitoring facilities at home. MethodsAmin and Biswas recently proposed a RSA-based user authentication and session key agreement protocol usable for TMIS, which is an improvement over Giri et al.'s RSA-based user authentication scheme for TMIS. In this paper, we show that though Amin–Biswas's scheme considerably improves the security drawbacks of Giri et al.'s scheme, their scheme has security weaknesses as it suffers from attacks such as privileged insider attack, user impersonation attack, replay attack and also offline password guessing attack. A new RSA-based user authentication scheme for TMIS is proposed, which overcomes the security pitfalls of Amin–Biswas's scheme and also preserves user anonymity property. ResultsThe careful formal security analysis using the two widely accepted Burrows–Abadi–Needham (BAN) logic and the random oracle models is done. Moreover, the informal security analysis of the scheme is also done. These security analyses show the robustness of our new scheme against the various known attacks as well as attacks found in Amin–Biswas's scheme. The simulation of the proposed scheme using the widely accepted Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool is also done. ConclusionsWe present a new user authentication and session key agreement scheme for TMIS, which fixes the mentioned security pitfalls found in Amin–Biswas's scheme, and we also show that the proposed scheme provides better security than other existing schemes through the rigorous security analysis and verification tool. Furthermore, we present the formal security verification of our scheme using the widely accepted AVISPA tool. High security and extra functionality features allow our proposed scheme to be applicable for telecare medicine information systems which is used for e-health care medical applications.

Knowledge Cooperation Opportunities between Saudi Arabia and the BRICS

It has been emphasized that building global knowledge societies enhances the human capital and that this would lead to the promotion of peace and development for the benefit of the whole world. This paper introduces a knowledge assessment framework based on the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) knowledge society paradigm, and on available international indicators. The framework provides an index that consists of “28 indicators,” with “4 sub-indices”; and a criterion for comparing the measured values of the indicators and identifying prioritized knowledge cooperation opportunities. The framework is used to investigate these opportunities between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). It has been found that KSA enjoys high level of knowledge society enablement from which the BRICS can gain; while the BRICS enjoy high level of knowledge productivity from which KSA can gain. Bridging the gap between the two sides will be useful to both, and to building global knowledge societies.

What Became of the Information Society and Development? Assessing the Information Society's Relevance in the Context of an Economic Crisis

Although it is widely assumed that the development of an Information Society is an engine for sustainable economic growth, this often remains more of an assumption than a demonstrable outcome. A critical analysis of that link is much needed, and particularly pertinent during times of crisis where it can be even more tested. To assist in meeting this aim, this article builds a new Information Society level of development composite index, and then it assesses the relationship between this index and a number of indices that offer a comprehensive approach to development (as inequality, sustainability or economic resilience). In general, the results corroborate the idea that the Information Society paradigm has definitively arrived in the current social and economic reality, promoting economic development and human welfare, but its benefits are not totally deployed yet.

Research Culture in Indian Universities

This article, examining the interface of research university and knowledge society, argues that India will have to build a strong research base in its universities since a modern research-oriented university is the mother of knowledge society—a society in which knowledge industry plays a vital role in enhancing its power and wealth. Universities play an important role in sustaining the knowledge society as well, since the universities, through their research activities, train students who are capable of original thinking and can become the next generation’s elites, that is, scientists, engineers, teachers, industrial entrepreneurs and political leaders, enabling society to adapt to rapid changes. Furthermore, taking the USA as a paradigm of knowledge society, it asserts that the country has become rich and powerful by promoting scientific research in its universities. Concurrently, while appraising India’s progress towards knowledge society, the article concludes that if India aspires to be a world power in the 21st century, it will have to become a knowledge society by promoting research not only by guaranteeing substantial financial support, but also by regenerating a research culture and ceaselessly transmitting it among the coming generations of students.

Scientific Research and Economic Development

This article is a commentary on Praveen Patel’s article, ‘Research Culture in Indian Universities’, appearing in this issue. Patel’s thesis that knowledge creation through scientific research in our universities is a key to economic development is unexceptionable. However, there are conditions under which the above relationship will hold good. It is also argued that scientific research outside of the university system too should be taken into account in any discussion of the above relationship. Patel calls the United States as the ‘paradigm of knowledge society’. Arguments against this statement are presented. The hierarchy between data, information, knowledge and wisdom is pointed out.

Een waardig neoliberalisme in de arbeids- en organisatiepsychologie

Matthijs Bal pleit in zijn artikel voor meer nadruk op het menselijke waardigheidsparadigma in A&O-onderzoek. Menselijke waardigheid biedt een interessant en relevant paradigma voor het kijken naar A&O-vraagstukken. Gezien de dominantie van het neoliberalisme in de organisatiepraktijk én de samenleving staat de A&O psychologie vooral voor de uitdaging om te onderzoeken hoe de menselijke waardigheid kan worden geïntegreerd met het neoliberalisme. Daarnaast stellen we dat het paradigma van menselijke waardigheid nieuwe uitdagingen biedt op het gebied van theorieontwikkeling en onderzoeksmethoden in de A&O-psychologie.

Send in the robots

Purpose This paper aims to explore how the introduction of robots and artificial intelligence raises questions regarding the role of “work” not just in meeting societal material needs but challenges the idea of work as an underlying paradigm of human society, particularly as personal identity. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes the form of an editorial opinion piece. Findings “Work” is a defining characteristic of an individual. The entrance of robots and artificial intelligence could be a greater challenge to an individual’s sense of well-being and identity than only for filling traditional functions and basic needs of society. Social Implications The question is raised as to the psychological and social implications of the “immigration” of a new “culture” in the form of artificial intelligence and robotics beyond a local or regional basis. Originality/value The increasing presence of robots and artificial intelligence not only offers alternative ways for society to function but also sharpens the challenges that one culture faces when confronted by other communities who are able to fill traditional positions beyond the traditional one of “work”.

Komunikasi dan Media Sosial (Communications and Social Media)

<p><em>Media presents to be a part of human life. The presence and the development of internet bring a new way of how to communite in social life. Social media presents and changes the communication paradigm in today's society. Communication in social media is not limited by distance, time, and space. It could happen anywhere, anytime, without having a face to face talking. Even social media can negate social status that is often as a barrier in communication.</em><strong></strong></p><p><em>Social media has changed the world. Levels of communication merged into one container called a social media. The rise of many consequences must also be wary of, in the sense of social media opens up the opportunity of each individual involved in it to issue his opinion freely. However, self-control should be shared, in order to have freedom of communication which does not violate ethical boundaries and does not offend others.</em></p>

PARADIGMATIC PREREQUISITES П PERSPECTIVES OF THE COMPETENCE APPROACH TO EDUCATION

The article discusses the conceptual signs of a paradigm shift in the modern scientific and pedagogical outlook in relation to psychological and phenomenological aspects of the perspectives of competence-based education.An attempt is made in outlining of the methodological specificities of the educational paradigm in the context of conditions of realization of Federal state educational standards of the third generation. Goal. The theoretical-methodological substantiation of the author’s concept of formation of research competences of students’ individual on the basis of paradigmatic approach to edu-cational phenomena and processes. Method and methodology of work. While working on the article were used methods of theoretical analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, cultural, axiological, personality-oriented and self-organized (from the standpoint of the individual) approach, scientific methods of classification, synthesis and comparison. Results. The signs of the educational paradigm in the information society to a binary criteria and paradigmatic complementarity of contradictions in crisis situations is justified. The significance of the psychological aspects of technologies of mass communication in the paradigm of formation of professional competence of the person skilled was conclusively determined. The assumption was formulated, according to which the formation of research competences of the student’s personality has paradigmatic characteristics, because the educational situation at the level of didactic technologies characterized by interactivity and integrative.