Administration Paradigm Research Articles

ISSUES OF INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL ACTIVITY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN THE WRITINGS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN THINKERS

The scientific article is devoted to the study of questions of information-analytical activity of the authorities in the writings of domestic and foreign thinkers. Modern scientific developments concerning the needs of analytical administration activity, which are determined by several conditions, are revealed. First, the administration as a high-tech activity is characterized by an increasing amount of miscellaneous information that is not suitable for direct use by the officials, because it requires special processing, taking into ac count the adopted administration paradigm and the tasks that have been solved. Secondly, modern administration is becoming more dynamic and situational, leading to an increased need for information data to make the right decision to meet them. The information-analytical structures provide diagnostics of situations for perception of the social tendencies, prevent the formation of negative public opinion and potential conflicts on the basis of complex recommendations. It is substantiated that the information-analytical system of the public administration should take into account the diversity of decision-making processes and the specific activities of civil servants of all categories at different stages of the decision-making process. It is determined that information-analytical support is necessary in the implementation of the following tasks: analysis and monitoring of the status of the administration objects; quality control over the implementation of the decisions and the effectiveness of administration mechanisms; analysis of external and internal problem situations and their forecast; documenting administration decisions and the process of preparing them; analysis of the quality of the decisions made; expertise on proposed solutions and problems, etc. It has been proved that information-analytical activity has a number of objectives aimed at solving situations that require public-administrative decisions and consist in taking certain actions to monitor the accumulated information, structure it, make decisions to obtain additional information on the new initial task and so on. The most general definition of the purpose of information-analytical activity should be considered the creation of certain information products, which requires at least three requirements for scientific substantiation, truthfulness and timeliness of information.

Teoría administrativa y fuerza militar: Un análisis de los principales aportes de las teorías clásicas de la administración a la gestión en las fuerzas militares

La práctica de la administración de la primera mitad el siglo XX junto con su teorización se ha visto enmarcada a la luz de tres paradigmas administrativos: El paradigma tecno-ingenieril, el paradigma sociológico y el paradigma humanista psicológico que han dado a luz las teorías clásicas de la Administración como son La Administración Científica de Taylor, La Administración Clásica de Fayol, La Teoría de las Relaciones Humanas de Mayo y La Burocracia de Weber, todas con un marco conceptual distintivo que han apuntado a la solución de los problemas organizacionales de las empresas en sus respectivos contextos históricos y que aún siguen siendo de gran utilidad, no solamente a las empresas privadas, sino también a las organizaciones estatales. De ahí que surge el análisis de este documento que presenta las principales aportaciones de las teorías clásicas de la administración de la primera mitad del siglo XX a la gestión de las fuerzas militares entorno a tres tópicos: Las tareas, las interacciones sociales y las relaciones de poder en las estructuras de orden jerárquico.

Correction of half the cardiomyocytes fully rescue Friedreich ataxia mitochondrial cardiomyopathy through cell-autonomous mechanisms.

Friedreich ataxia (FA) is currently an incurable inherited mitochondrial neurodegenerative disease caused by reduced levels of frataxin. Cardiac failure constitutes the main cause of premature death in FA. While adeno-associated virus-mediated cardiac gene therapy was shown to fully reverse the cardiac and mitochondrial phenotype in mouse models, this was achieved at high dose of vector resulting in the transduction of almost all cardiomyocytes, a dose and biodistribution that is unlikely to be replicated in clinic. The purpose of this study was to define the minimum vector biodistribution corresponding to the therapeutic threshold, at different stages of the disease progression. Correlative analysis of vector cardiac biodistribution, survival, cardiac function and biochemical hallmarks of the disease revealed that full rescue of the cardiac function was achieved when only half of the cardiomyocytes were transduced. In addition, meaningful therapeutic effect was achieved with as little as 30% transduction coverage. This therapeutic effect was mediated through cell-autonomous mechanisms for mitochondria homeostasis, although a significant increase in survival of uncorrected neighboring cells was observed. Overall, this study identifies the biodistribution thresholds and the underlying mechanisms conditioning the success of cardiac gene therapy in Friedreich ataxia and provides guidelines for the development of the clinical administration paradigm.

Decomposing Isomorphism: What Drives Similarity in the Adoption of New Public Management?

New public management is a major paradigm in public administration, and its widespread adoption has been explained by institutional theory. However, most studies treat adoption as a discrete event and cannot explain why some organizations are moving away in the face of isomorphic pressure. We investigate three dimensions of isomorphism—convergence, compliance, and commitment—and test their separate effects on interorganizational similarity in adopting private service delivery, a primary form of outsourcing, among U.S. local governments. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the multiplicity of isomorphism and by showing how variation occurs in the isomorphic process.

Policy responses to the Eurozone crisis: A comparative analysis of southern European administrations

The Eurozone crisis has worked as a forceful external factor for activating a series of fiscal and structural adjustments in the countries of the EU periphery. Public administration was a key reform area and has undergone notable transformations under the fiscal consolidation programmes. This paper aims at identifying the impact of the crisis on public administration with a focus on southern Europe. It reviews and compares the goals and the outcomes of the administrative reform programmes that were implemented in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain during the crisis. This cluster forms a distinct administrative paradigm emanating from the Napoleonic state tradition. The relationship between administrative tradition and administrative change or persistence is explored in a historical institutionalist perspective. The findings identify similarities, divergences and variations across and within the Southern countries, also suggesting that while certain changes occurred, the Napoleonic features of the southern administrations remained largely untouched by the reform programmes.

An Analysis of the De-administration Policy of Universities in China: using Cooper's 4 Dimension Policy Lenses

본 연구의 목적은 Cooper의 4차원 정책 분석 모형을 사용하여 중국 대학교 탈행정화 정책을 종합적이고 거시적으로 분석하는 것이다. Cooper 등(2004)이 제시한 4차원 정책 분석 모형을 사용하여 중국 대학교 탈행정화 정책을 규범적차원, 구조적 차원, 구성적 차원, 기술적 차원으로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 규범적 차원에서 중국 대학교 탈행정화 정책은 충분한 법적 보장을 받고 있으며 ‘교육 관리 체계와 관리 능력의 현대화’를 총목표로 하고 정부와 학교의 분리, 관리와 운영의 분리, 행정화 경향의 극복, 실존하는 행정 등급의 취소를 세부 목표로 하고 있다. 둘째, 구조적 차원에서 고도로 행정화된 대학교 관리 패러다임은 특정 역사 시기 중국 고등교육 발전의 초기에 중요한 역할을 하였지만 현재 중국 고등교육 발전을 저해하는 주요한 장애물 중 하나로 되었다. 다만 중국 대학교 탈행정화 정책은 60여년이라는 오랜 시간이 걸려서 겨우 이루어진 교육정책인 만큼 앞으로 대학교 탈행정화 개혁의 추진에 속도를 내기보다는 이 문제를 지속적으로 또한 단계적으로 해결해야 한다. 셋째, 구성적 차원에서 중국의 학자, 대학교 총장, 학생 등을 대표하는 각각의 주체들의 ‘대학교 행정화’ 및 ‘대학교 탈행정화’에 대한 생각과 입장은 어느 정도 차이가 있지만 그들은 ‘대학교 행정화’를 없애는 것에 관하여서는 비교적 일치한 의견을 보여주었다. 넷째, 기술적 차원에서 지금까지 중앙정부 및 중국의 많은 대학교들은 관리와 실천에서 ‘대학교 탈행정화’의 좋은 성과를 축적하였지만 일부 비판의 목소리도 들린다. 그러나 이 모든 개혁의 사례들이 그 성공과 실패와 관계없이 향후 탈행정화 개혁의 모범으로 되길 바라는 바이다.The main purpose of this study is to analyze the reform of deadministration of universities in China by the Cooper’s 4-dimension of education policy theory. Based on the theory, the reform of deadministration was analyzed in four dimensions(normative, structural, constituent, and technical dimension). First, in the normative dimension, the Chinese university deadministration policy is fully guaranteed by law, and mainly aimed at “modernization of education management system and management ability”. Second, in the structural dimension, a highly administrative management paradigm of universities has played an important role during the early stages of higher education development, but it now becomes one of the main obstacle to its further development. However, the Chinese university de-administration policy is a policy that has taken almost 60 years. Therefore, this problem must be solved step by step. Third, in the constituent dimension, although there were some differences in the attitudes towards “the administration” and “the de-administration” of Chinese scholars, university presidents and the public(students), most of them agreed on eliminating “the administration of universities.” Fourth, in the technical dimension, Chinese central government and many universities have accumulated many achievements of “the deadministration policies” in management and practice, while some criticisms are heard, either. However, I hope that all reform cases, regardless of their success or failure, will become a model for future administrative reforms.

Совершенствование системы управления персоналом ООО «Леруа Мерлен»

The essence and content of the theory of management, the evolution of managerial thought, the new administrative paradigm, the theoretical foundations of management and the current state of management theory are examined. Technologies of management of social and economic systems are presented: technology of development of administrative decisions. technology management of organizational changes, the technology of communication processes in the organization, technology management of the organization’s confl icts, information technology in the organization. The article gives applied aspects of the management of public and private organizations, the strategic management of the organization, the management of the organization’s personnel, crisis management, the management of the organization’s innovation activities, quality management, material management, investment management, project management, enterprise risk management, production management, environmental management.

Questions to the structure and culture of the new paradigm of management of new public management

This paper aims to critically analyze the structure and the new culture of public administration paradigm named as the new administration or public management of public organizations. The main challenge is to try to explain why the dysfunctional management practices in the structure and the new culture of public organizations that are copied from focusing on administrative processes management practices of private organizations model. In doing so, it has been reviewed the literature in general from the perspective of neo-institutionalism on this subject and by using the method of critical analysis of organizations. More than dysfunctions, in this work the main challenges and worries to the implementation of the paradigm of management or governance are identified. Despite the theoretical -methodological nuances of the new institutional economy and its implications for economic theory, it is inadequate to describe only subtly strategies of the private management. This paper presents an original approach to the critical analysis of new public management. The revision of the paradigm of new public management is carried out essentially in the methodological steps needed to question and identify the action of the state in the administration of organizations and public agencies, by applying the specific management practices, based on the theoretical and methodological framework of the new institutionalism critical criteria.

Differences in the subjective and motivational properties of alcohol across alcohol use severity: application of a novel translational human laboratory paradigm.

The Allostatic Model proposes that Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is associated with a transition in the motivational structure of alcohol drinking: from positive reinforcement in early-stage drinking to negative reinforcement in late-stage dependence. However, direct empirical support for this preclinical model from human experiments is limited. This study tests predictions derived from the Allostatic Model in humans. Specifically, this study tested whether alcohol use severity (1) independently predicts subjective responses to alcohol (SR; comprised of stimulation/hedonia, negative affect, sedation and craving domains), and alcohol self-administration and 2) moderates associations between domains of SR and alcohol self-administration. Heavy drinking participants ranging in severity of alcohol use and problems (N = 67) completed an intravenous alcohol administration paradigm combining an alcohol challenge (target BrAC = 60 mg%), with progressive ratio self-administration. Alcohol use severity was associated with greater baseline negative affect, sedation, and craving but did not predict changes in any SR domain during the alcohol challenge. Alcohol use severity also predicted greater self-administration. Craving during the alcohol challenge strongly predicted self-administration and sedation predicted lower self-administration. Neither stimulation, nor negative affect predicted self-administration. This study represents a novel approach to translating preclinical neuroscientific theories to the human laboratory. As expected, craving predicted self-administration and sedation was protective. Contrary to the predictions of the Allostatic Model, however, these results were inconsistent with a transition from positively to negatively reinforced alcohol consumption in severe AUD. Future studies that assess negative reinforcement in the context of an acute stressor are warranted.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN IMB DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA BOGOR DIWILAYAH KECAMATAN BOGOR TIMUR

Increasing public demand is a logical consequence of the increasingly complex needs of the community on various matters, especially on service. On the other hand in line with one of the paradigms of government administration, namely Public Service (public service) government has an obligation to improve the quality of service that aims to the satisfaction of the community (driven customer).The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of the service of IMB (Building Permit), especially apparatus or human resources in charge of granting permission in East Bogor Subdistrict and To know the implementation of Building Construction Permit (IMB) in increasing the Original Revenue in Bogor Sub- East. The theory used in this research is by using service quality theory from Sinambela (2010) that is transparent, accountability, conditional, participative, equality of rights, balance of rights and obligation.The method used is descriptive analysis using Qualitative approach. While the data analysis technique used is by using the calculation of Weight Mean Score (WMS) and correlation coefficient rank spearman.Teknik data collection used is the study of literature and field studies. The unit of analysis of this study amounted to 30 Informants. While the sampling technique used is Accidental Sampling technique.The results of the Implementation of the Granting of Building Permit is done by referring to the Decision of the Governor of West Java Province No. 76 of 2000 on the procedure of obtaining IMB, IPB and KMB in the province of West Java and West Java Provincial Regulation No. 7 of 2010 About Building Buildings. Keywords: Quality of Kecamatan service, Building Permit (IMB), and Increased local revenue

The “organizing” paradigm in public administration: learning by focusing on customer orientation

PurposePublic Administration complexity derives from the dual character of the public sector, that is to be a means of delivery and an element of societal self-governance. The bureaucratic framework is a way to address this tension, while simultaneously public administration needs to focus on a more processual view of the organization to improve service quality. Training could be a key point to sustain such a transition, by focusing on customer orientation. The purpose of the study is to explore whether a training device focused on customer orientation could develop employees’ theory on organization as being process-oriented, i.e. “organizing”.Design/methodology/approachThe longitudinal study is on a training case study in Italy. Participating in the training course were 34 employees belonging to 16 Public Administrations. Data on participants’ organization representations were collected at the beginning and at the end of the course through the SWOT matrix. Data analysis used a quali-quantitative approach.FindingsFindings show a shift to viewing the service organization as a process implicated in uncertainties and unpredictable events rather than the realization of an ideal model.Originality/valueThe study contributes to highlight the need for a practical focus on the conceptualization of organization in training, as the term “organization” is often under described or treated as an end in itself.

Menakar Penerapan New Public Management dalam Birokrasi Indonesia

The presence of New Public Management as a new paradigm of public administration is projected to provide solutions to the complexity of public sector issues. The New Public Management offers an the idea to improve public sector performance by transforming the spirit of private sector that prioritizes the value of effectiveness and efficiency. In Indonesian bureaucracy, the opportunity in applying “The New Public Management” in strategic. Because of support bureaucratic reform policies that have been continuously buzzed by the government since the birth of the Reform Orde. In reality, applying is still constrained by the mental apparatus of bureaucracy that lack of commitment to make changes, the work culture of the organization is not creative, and the model of leadership that is not transformative.

ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПУБЛИЧНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

<p>The article analyzes the potential based on the methodology and instruments of the public administration paradigm in the development the institution of public-private partnership at various levels. The need to integrate public administration tools into the existing practice public private partnership is proved to increase its effectiveness and effectiveness. The study establishes correspondence between the main provisions of the public administration theory and the tasks of the public-private partnership development. It singles out the main modern practice development of public-private partnership, defining the need for the introduction of public administration. The research has revealed concrete directions of the implementation in public-private partnership on the basis of the public administration concept and methods. A mechanism of public-private partnership management based on modern tools is proposed. The article outlines some prospects for the transformation the traditional system of public-private partnership into a new paradigm public-private partnership. The results can be used by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments when developing and implementing publicprivate partnership projects, or by commercial organizations when justifying participation in public-private and municipal-private partnership projects.</p>

Формирование правовой модели информационной безопасности граждан в условиях складывания новой парадигмы государственного управления в Российской Федерации

Формирование правовой модели информационной безопасности граждан в условиях складывания новой парадигмы государственного управления в Российской Федерации

The Little Prince and A Qualitative Evaluation on Modern Entrepreneurship and Business Administration Paradigm

The Little Prince and A Qualitative Evaluation on Modern Entrepreneurship and Business Administration Paradigm

Self-development of the globalized world as complete complex of social systems in the conditions of instability

The article presents the formation of a paradigm of public administration and administration in the context of theoretical and methodological foundations. Public administration and administration are represented as self-deployment of complex hierarchical systems under uncertainty, information stochasticity and balancing on the verge of chaos. The main purpose of the article is the conceptualization of the self-deployment of public administration and governance as a complex social system under conditions of stochasticity and balancing on the verge of chaos. Methodology - systemic, structural-functional and synergetic methods and approaches that allow analyzing the conditions of instability and uncertainty. The synergetic-reflexive model of management as a complex social system consists of a set of nonlinear processes, in particular dynamic chaos as some of the most complex ordering. The research is based on the following objectives: to define the science of public administration and administration; to give an analysis of the noosphere concept of the public sphere as a unity of the economic, social and political spheres; to characterize the influence of factors and threats to the area of public sphere; to reveal the essence of the synergetic concept of self-organization of public administration and governance. As a result of the analysis, an innovative concept of public administration and governance as an integrated system that is developing harmoniously has been formed. The scientific novelty of the research is in identifying the ways to overcome instability and transition to a stable stage in the development of bureaucratic governance and administration. This allows us to conclude that the basis of the effectiveness of public administration and administration is self-organization, which is aimed at solving instability problems. Conditions of achievement of efficiency of public administration and administration as a complex social organism based on synergistic principles of development are revealed

Constitutional and Administrative Paradigms in Judicial Control Over EU High and Low Politics

This paper explores the particular tensions surrounding judicial review in EU external relations. The tensions are classified using a two-dimensional framework. Firstly, a distinction based on policy domains of high and low politics, which is derived from constitutional theory, and external to the CJEU; and secondly a distinction based on legitimizing paradigms of administrative (EU as effective global actor) or constitutional (judicial review as guarantee of fundamental rights) in character and determined by the Court itself. Even though one would expect a dominance of the administrative paradigm in the domain of high politics, the Court uses both the administrative and the constitutional paradigm in its external relations case-law. The decision on which of these becomes the guiding frame seems to depend more on the policy domain, and be made case by case, which suggests politically sensitive adjudication, rather than a coherent approach to legitimizing the nascent judicial review in EU external relations.

Constitutional and administrative paradigms in judicial control over EU high and low politics

AbstractThis article explores the particular tensions surrounding judicial review in EU external relations. The tensions are classified using a two-dimensional framework. Firstly, a distinction based on policy domains of high and low politics, which is derived from constitutional theory, and external to the CJEU; and secondly a distinction based on legitimizing paradigms of administrative (EU as effective global actor) or constitutional (judicial review as guarantee of fundamental rights) in character and determined by the Court itself. Even though one would expect a dominance of the administrative paradigm in the domain of high politics, the Court uses both the administrative and the constitutional paradigm in its external relations case-law. The decision on which of these becomes the guiding frame seems to depend more on the policy domain, and be made case by case, which suggests politically sensitive adjudication, rather than a coherent approach to legitimizing the nascent judicial review in EU external relations.

Collaborative governance and information technology innovation: public–nonprofit partnerships to build neighborhood information systems

This paper addresses the collaboration and partnership between public and nonprofit organizations under the new governance paradigm in public administration, particularly in building neighborhood information systems (NISs). An NIS is a hybrid application of geographical information system and web technologies that provides demographic, social, and economic information to community stakeholders. The NIS is an innovative information technology (IT) tool to enhance local governance. In developing an NIS, local governments, nonprofits, universities, and foundations must work together. This paper examines what types of partnership models work better for NIS development. The findings of this study suggest that developing an effective NIS requires a collaborative environment and strong managerial leadership. This paper also suggests that IT innovation tools in turn can facilitate collaborative governance.

Role and limitations of NGOs in partnership with the state

The new paradigms of public administration are strongly based on greater interaction between the state, private sector and society through actions based on networks, co-production, and collaborative governance. However, several characteristics of civil society organizations or non-governamentals organizations (NGO) bring limitations to an effective long-term partnership. This paper aims to describe and analyze the limitations of NGOs that may affect these partnerships and the nature of this organizations, with reference to the Brazilian context, since the institutional environment and regulatory framework is critical to understand these limitations. Based on a meta analysis in former studies that assessed the relationship between NGO and the state, it was possible to point as the main problems for the NGOs from this relationships.