Paracetamol-induced Liver Damage Research Articles

Hepatoprotective effect of Lycopodium clavatum 30CH on experimental model of paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats

Homeopathic Lycopodium clavatum is indicated for disorders of the digestive system and its accessory organs, including atony of the liver and liver tissue failure. Tis suggests that it may have action on drug-induced hepatitis, as occurs in paracetamol overdose. To evaluate the effectiveness of Lycopodium clavatum 30C (Lyc) as a hepatoprotector against liver damage experimentally induced by paracetamol (Pct) in Wistar rats. Thirty animals subdivided into 6 groups were used. Animals from the treated groups were pretreated for 8 days with Lyc 30c (0.25ml/day), receiving a dose of 3g/kg of Pct on the 8th day. A positive control group received similar treatment, replacing Lyc 30c with 30% ethanol and a negative control received only 30% ethanol. After 24 and 72 h, the animals were sacrificed for tissue and blood sample collection. Subsequently, enzyme serum measurements indicative of liver damage (aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine-aminotransferase (ALT)) and liver histological and morphometric analyses were performed. Pretreatment with Lyc 30c reduced hepatic lesions produced by Pct overdose as evidenced by a significant reduction (p<0.05) in ALT levels in the LyP 24h-group (901.04±92.05U/l) compared to the respective control group (1866.28±585.44U/l), promoted a significant decrease in the number of acinar zone 1 affected by necrosis and inflammatory infiltration (15.46±13.86clr/cm(2) in LyP72 for 73.75±16.60clr/cm(2) in PC72), and inhibition of 1,2-glycol (glycogen) depletion in zone 3 (a significant reduction in Lyc 72h group animals in comparison to the control group). Significant changes concerning the development of fibrosis or alterations in transaminase levels were not observed after 72h. Lyc 30c exerted a moderate hepatoprotective effect on acute Pct-induced hepatitis, mainly shown by a histological decrease in necrosis and inflammatory foci, preserved glycogen and other 1,2-glycols in zone 3 and reduced serum levels of ALT and AST.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn (Kalajira) On Paracetamol-induced Liver Damage

Paracetamol is the widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It causes hepatotoxicity in therapeutic dose for prolonged time. It can induce centrilobular hepatic necrosis in large over doses. Nigella sativa (kalajira) is a medicinal plant has a protective role against hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the present study was designed to observe the protective role of Nigella sativa on paracetamol induced liver damage biochemically in Long Evans rats. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical college, in the period of July 2003 to June 2004. Sixty matured Long Evans rats of either sex, age of 10-12 weeks and weighing between 150-200 gm were used in this study. They were divided into four equal groups. Group A was vehicle (distilled water) control group, Group B was Nigella oil treated group, Group C was paracetamol treated group and Group D was Paracetamol &amp; Nigella sativa oil treated group. Paracetamol in a single dose of 3gm/kg body weight orally causes hepatotoxicity which was assessed bio-chemically. Nigella sativa oil at a dose of 800mg/kg body weight was administered orally for 4 weeks. It was found that significant elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase, serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin level in paracetamol treated group. It was observed that 4 weeks oral treatment of Nigella sativa oil in Group D, decrease the level of serum alanine aminotransferase, serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin. The result revealed that Nigella sativa oil able to give protection against paracetamol induced liver damage. However, more sophisticated biochemical studies like glutathione content and malondialdehyde level should be studied further. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i3.18677 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2011 Vol.40(3):52-54

Hepatoprotective effect of &lt;i&gt;Chenopodium murale&lt;/i&gt; in mice

Discovery of drugs has its roots in medicinal plants that appeal researchers to identify new therapeutical entities from plants. The current study was conducted to determine its hepatoprotective activity. The results showed that aqueous methanolic extract of Chenopodium murale (200 and 500 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.001) decrease in paracetamol induced increased levels of liver enzymes (alanin transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase) and total bilirubin. These findings were further supported by histopathological investigations by microscope and detection of phytoconstituents having hepatoprotective potential e.g. qurecetin, kaempferol and gallic acid by HPLC. Conclusively aqueous methanolic extract of C. murale possess hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced liver damage in mice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i1.17785 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 124-128 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE

Fungal Biotransformation of Fenofibrate

Abstract: In the present study, the petroleum ether extract of Dregea volubilis (PEDV) was evaluated for its protective effect on paracetamol-induced liver damage in Wistar rats. Serum biochemical parameters viz. serum glutamine oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamine pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP), total protein, bilirubin, cholesterol, triglyceroides; and liver biochemical parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH) content and catalase (CAT) activity were estimated. Overall biochemical observations indicated that PEDV exerted remarkable hepatoprotective efficacy against paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in rats that is may be due to its augmenting endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. Keywords: Dregea volubilis, Hepatoprotective, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, silymarin

HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF WHOLE PLANT EXTRACT OF LEPTADENIA PYROTECHNICA AGAINST PARACETAMOL INDUCED DAMAGE IN RATS

The liver serves as a processing laboratory, redistribution centre and a receiving depot of the body. In the light of these roles, the effect of methanolic extract of whole plant of Leptadenia pyrotechnica on paracetamol induced liver damage in wistar rats was assessed. paracetamol (500mg/kg,p.i) was used to induce hepatotoxicity. Eighteen (18) albino rats of wistar strain (150-200gm) were used for the studies and were divided into 3 groups of six (6) rats per each. Group A served as control and received vehicle, group B (paracetamol treated), and group C (extract and paracetamol treated groups). The administered was done via oral gavages with methanolic extract of whole plant of Leptadenia pyrotechnica at 150ml/kg/day body weight daily, the administration of the extract lasted for saventh (7) days period after which the animals sacrificed, blood and tissue were obtained for biochemical and histological analysis. Serum enzyme assay results reveals methanolic extract of whole plant of Leptadenia pyrotechnica recorded a marked reduction in the elevated activities of the hepatic enzymes viz; SGOT, SGPT, ALP and Total bilirubin levels of rats. More so, the micrograph of paracetamol group compared with control group showed evidence of liver necrosis as indicated by distended hepatocytes, compression of sinusoids, fatty change and vacuolation of cytoplasm. The treated groups of the extract generally showed mild defects when compared with the control group. It is however interesting to know that the 100% Leptadenia pyrotechnica treated group showed a healthy liver cells as in the case with the control groups. Hence, from the above findings, it is obvious that methanolic extract of whole plant of Leptadenia pyrotechnica has hepatoprotective and hepatocurative potentials in hepatocellular disorders. Keyword: Leptadenia pyrotechnica, hepatoprotective activity and paracetamol.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Pretreatment with Rosemary and Ginger Essential Oil in Experimental Model of Acetaminophen-induced Injury

Aims: Liver diseases have become one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. This study investigated the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of rosemary essential oil (REO) and ginger essential oil (GEO), against paracetamol-induced liver damage. Methodology: The hepatoprotective effects of REO and GEO at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively, orally for 7 days were determined by assessing serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in mice. Their livers were then used to determine myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity. In vitro antioxidant activity of REO and GEO were evaluated by assessing the free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•)-scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation. Results: REO and GEO reduced the levels of the serum marker enzymes AST, ALT, and MPO activity. The essentials oils also exhibited antioxidant activity, reflected by its DPPH radical-scavenging effects and in the lipid peroxidation assay. Conclusion: These results suggest that REO and GEO have hepatoprotective effects on acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage in mice probably due to their antioxidant effect.

Chemical constituents of Eruca sativa and treatment activity against paracetamol inducing hepatic injury in experimental rats

In the present study, gross chemical composition and some minerals content of Eruca saliva leaves and seeds were estimated. Also, hepatotreatment activity of Eruca sativa leaves, juice, oil and seeds against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats were investigated. Results of this study revealed that Eruca saliva (rocket salad) seeds had higher content of protein, fat and carbohydrate and minerals (Zn, Fe,Ca, K and Cu). Eruca sativa leaves had higher content of fibre, ash and moisture. Paracetamol induced liver injury rat groups treated with Eruca sativa leaves, juice, oil and seeds improved weight gain percent and food intake that appeared within normal. However, they decreased total serum protein and urea with significant increase in total bilirubin, haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) compared with control (+ve) group. Moreover, they lowered liver function enzymes, liver cholesterol, total lipids and MDA and elevated liver triglyceride, glycogen and liver antioxidant enzymes compared with control (+ve) group.In conclusion, Eruca sativa could could help the liver against paracetamol induced hepatic injury through its potent antioxidant activity in rats.

Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. (Leeaceae) stem bark against paracetamol induced liver toxicity in rats

Background: Liver diseases have become one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Among them, synthetic drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common causative factor that poses a major clinical and regulatory challenge. The herbal medicinal plants have pivotal role in management of various diseases including liver disorders. Therefore, it is inevitable to discover novel hepatoprotective agents from natural sources. Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Leea indica stem bark against paracetamol (PCM) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by PCM (2 g/kg b.w., p.o.) and biochemical parameters such as serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP), serum bilirubin (total and direct), and triglyceride level were estimated. Silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w.) was employed as standard hepatoprotective agent. Histopathological changes in liver were also studied. Results: The ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b.w.) treatment exhibited significant decrease in elevated level of serum marker enzymes, bilirubin (total and direct), and triglycerides when compared to positive control group. The ethanolic extract at dose of 400 mg/kg b.w. was found to be more potent than 200 mg/kg. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Leea indica bark seems to justify the promising hepatoprotective effect on PCM induced liver damage in rats.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Crataegus songarica methanol extract.

The protective activity of the methanolic extract of the Crataegus songarica leaves was investigated against CCl4- and paracetamol-induced liver damage. On folklore levels, this plant is popularly used to treat various toxicological diseases. We evaluated both in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity of C. songarica. At higher concentration of plant extract (700 µg/ml), 88.106% inhibition on DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed and reducing power of extract was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. We also observed its inhibition on Fe2+/ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation on rat liver microsomes in vitro. In addition, C. songarica extract exhibited antioxidant effects on calf thymus DNA damage induced by Fenton reaction. Hepatotoxicity was induced by challenging the animals with CCl4 (1 ml/kg body weight, i.p.) and paracetamol (500 mg/kg body weight) and the extract was administered at three concentrations (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body weight). Hepatoprotection was evaluated by determining the activities of liver function marker enzymes and antioxidant status of liver. Administration of CCl4 elevated the levels of liver function enzymes, SGOT, SGPT, and LDH. We also observed a dramatic increase in ALT, AST, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase levels in rats administered 500 mg/kg body weight of paracetamol. Decreased antioxidant defense system as glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed in rats treated with CCl4 and paracetamol. Pretreatment with the extract decreased the elevated serum GOT, GPT, LDH, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase activities and increased the antioxidant enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, C. songarica methanol extract may be an effective hepatic protective agent and viable candidate for treating hepatic disorders and other oxidative stress-related diseases.

Design and evaluation of herbal hepatoprotective formulation against paracetamol induced liver toxicity

AimTo isolate and identify the quercetin from polyherbal hepatoprotective formulation. Polyherbal formulations were developed by using five bioactive fractionated extracts of Butea monosperma, Bauhinia variegata and Ocimum gratissimum for treatment of liver disorders by exploiting the knowledge of traditional system of medicine and evaluated for hepatoprotective activity using acute liver toxicity model of paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. MethodsMajor active fractions were isolated by solvent fractionation and quantified by HPTLC method. Two polyherbal tablet formulations were developed by the wet granulation method using microcrystalline cellulose, aerosil and other excipients and subjected for physicochemical evaluation to assess physical stability followed by pharmacological screening. The prepared tablets were finally subjected to stability testing to assess its shelf-life. The rats were monitored for change in liver morphology, biochemical parameters like serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin for polyherbal tablet formulation at 50 mg/kg and polyherbal tablet formulation at 100 mg/kg. ResultsActive principle was isolated, quantified by HPTLC and characterized with IR. Both formulations showed significant hepatoprotective activity. The histological studies were also support the biochemical parameters. From the results of biochemical analysis and histopathological studies, it can be accomplished that polyherbal tablet formulation at 100 mg/kg can be effectively formulated into a suitable dosage form with added benefit of no side effects for control and cure of chronic ailments like liver disorders. A comparative histopathological study of liver exhibited almost normal architecture as compared to toxicant group. ConclusionBiochemical marker showed improved results for polyherbal tablet formulation at 100 mg/kg. Polyherbal tablet formulation contains a potent hepatoprotective agent suggested to be a flavone concentrated in polyherbal formulation which may find clinical application in amelioration of paracetamol induced liver damage.

Hepatoprotective effect of leaves of Morinda tinctoria Roxb. against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats

ObjectiveTo investigate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of leaves of Morinda tinctoria Roxb. against paracetamol induced liver damage into rats. MethodsThe hepatoprotective activity aimed for plant extracts was investigated for paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity into rats. Sprague–Dawley rats of either sex were divided into 7 groups of 5 animals each and are given orally the following treatment for 10 days. The normal control was given 1% CMC 1 ml/kg b.w., p.o. Paracetamol at dose of 3 g/kg b.w., p.o. was given as toxic dose for inducing hepatotoxicity. Liv.52 (50 mg/animal, p.o) was given as reference standard. Two different doses of M. tinctoria extracts of both aqueous and methanol (100 mg/kg, p.o, 150 mg/kg, p.o) was tested for hepatoprotective activity. The treatment was given for 10 days and after 48 h of last treatment blood was collected from direct cardiac puncture and analysed for various serum parameter like serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), Total Bilirubin (TB), Direct Bilirubin and Total cholesterol (TC) in different groups. ResultsThe phytochemical investigation of the both extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, saponin and tannin and phenols. The paracetamol intoxication lead to histological and biochemical deterioration. The treatment with both aqueous and methanolic leaves extracts of M. tinctoria reduced the level of SGOT, SGPT, TB, DB and TC and also reversed the hepatic damage towards normal which further supports the hepatoprotective activity of leaf extracts of M. tinctoria. ConclusionsBoth aqueous and methanol extracts of leaves of M.tinctoria have significant effect at higher dose of 150mg/kg.b.w.

Hepatoprotective activity of Desmodium gangeticum in paracetamol induced liver damage in rats

Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug, at high dose, it can produce undesirable side effects such as hepatotoxicity. To evaluate the antihepatotoxic activity of Desmodium gangeticum against paracetamol induced toxicity rats. Albino rats of Wistar strain were used to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of D. gangeticum against paracetamol intoxicated rats. Hepatotoxicity was determined by changes in serum ALT, ALP, AST, LDH, GGT, protein and bilirubin. The results of the rats treated with D. gangeticum were compared to standard silymarin. Paracetamol hepatotoxicity was manifested biochemically by an increase in serum ALT, ALP, AST, LDH, GGT. In addition, marked decrease in protein, bilirubin levels were observed. Serum ALT, ALP, AST, LDH, GGT was found to decrease in the combination group on comparison with paracetamol group. The results obtained suggested that D. gangeticum significantly attenuated the hepatotoxicity as an indirect target of paracetamol in an animal model of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity.

Ameliorative Potential of Aqueous Root Extract of Withania somnifera Against Paracetamol Induced Liver Damage in Mice

Ameliorative Potential of Aqueous Root Extract of Withania somnifera Against Paracetamol Induced Liver Damage in Mice

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Costus afer&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; stem extracts protected against Paracetamol-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in rats

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Costus afer&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; stem extracts protected against Paracetamol-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in rats

TRAIL enhances paracetamol-induced liver sinusoidal endothelial cell death in a Bim- and Bid-dependent manner

Paracetamol (acetaminophen, APAP) is a universally used analgesic and antipyretic agent. Considered safe at therapeutic doses, overdoses cause acute liver damage characterized by centrilobular hepatic necrosis. One of the major clinical problems of paracetamol-induced liver disease is the development of hemorrhagic alterations. Although hepatocytes represent the main target of the cytotoxic effect of paracetamol overdose, perturbations within the endothelium involving morphological changes of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) have also been described in paracetamol-induced liver disease. Recently, we have shown that paracetamol-induced liver damage is synergistically enhanced by the TRAIL signaling pathway. As LSECs are constantly exposed to activated immune cells expressing death ligands, including TRAIL, we investigated the effect of TRAIL on paracetamol-induced LSEC death. We here demonstrate for the first time that TRAIL strongly enhances paracetamol-mediated LSEC death with typical features of apoptosis. Inhibition of caspases using specific inhibitors resulted in a strong reduction of cell death. TRAIL appears to enhance paracetamol-induced LSEC death via the activation of the pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins Bid and Bim, which initiate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Taken together this study shows that the liver endothelial layer, mainly LSECs, represent a direct target of the cytotoxic effect of paracetamol and that activation of TRAIL receptor synergistically enhances paracetamol-induced LSEC death via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. TRAIL-mediated acceleration of paracetamol-induced cell death may thus contribute to the pathogenesis of paracetamol-induced liver damage.

English

The present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of&nbsp;Spilanthes paniculata&nbsp;Wall. ex DC flower extracts against paracetamol-induced liver damage. The study was conducted in 36 male Wistar rats of either sex, and six groups were established. While the first group was maintained as normal control (NC, distilled water), Groups 2 to 6 were administered 3 g/kg Paracetamol (PAR) for 2 day, 100 mg/kg Silymarin (SMR), 500 mg/kg Methanolic extract (MESP), Petroleum ether extract (PEESP), Ethyl acetate extract of&nbsp;S. paniculata&nbsp;(EAESP) suspended in 0.5% tween 80 plus PAR, respectively. PAR was administered in the same schedule as in group 2, the treatment with silymarin and extracts was given for 10 days orally, respectively. It was observed that PAR significantly increased serum Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity liver MDA levels (P&lt;0.01) and significantly decreased liver Glutathione (GSH) , catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P&lt;0.01), when compared with the normal control group (NC). On the other hand, statistically significant (P&lt;0.01) changes were observed in the biochemical parameters of the group which was administered SMR, PEESP and EAESP. Compared with the pathological changes observed in the liver in the form of congested sinusoids and centrilobular necrosis, in the group which was administered paracetamol alone (PAR), lesions were determined to be less severe particularly in the group (PEESP and EAESP). The study shows that administration of PEESP and EAESP offered a therapeutic potential for the treatment of hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol via regulation of endogenous antioxidant system in liver.&nbsp; Key words:&nbsp;Spilanthes paniculata,&nbsp;paracetamol, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, rats.

Potential protective effect of honey against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.

Paracetamol overdose causes severe hepatotoxicity that leads to liver failure in both humans and experimental animals. The present study investigates the protective effect of honey against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. We have used silymarin as a standard reference hepatoprotective drug. Hepatoprotective activity was assessed by measuring biochemical parameters such as the liver function enzymes, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Equally, comparative effects of honey on oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdyhyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were also evaluated in the rat liver homogenates. We estimated the effect of honey on serum levels and hepatic content of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) because the initial event in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity has been shown to be a toxic-metabolic injury that leads to hepatocyte death, activation of the innate immune response and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines. Paracetamol caused marked liver damage as noted by significant increased activities of serum AST and ALT as well as the level of Il-1β. Paracetamol also resulted in a significant decrease in liver GSH content and GPx activity which paralleled an increase in Il-1β and MDA levels. Pretreatment with honey and silymarin prior to the administration of paracetamol significantly prevented the increase in the serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers, and reduced both oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. Histopathological evaluation of the livers also revealed that honey reduced the incidence of paracetamol-induced liver lesions. Honey can be used as an effective hepatoprotective agent against paracetamol-induced liver damage.

Effect of aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa on biochemical and histological changes in paracetamol–induced liver damage in rats

Effect of aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa on biochemical and histological changes in paracetamol–induced liver damage in rats

Investigation of hepatoprotective activity of Cyathea gigantea (Wall. ex. Hook.) leaves against paracetamol–induced hepatotoxicity in rats

ObjectiveTo investigate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cyathea gigantea (C. gigantea) against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. MethodsThe hepatoprotective activity for plant extract was investigated for paracetamol induced hepatoxicity in rats. Wistar albino rats of either sex were divided into five groups of 6 animals each and are given orally the following treatment for seven days. The normal control group was given 1% Na.CMC 1 mL/kg bw, p.o. Paracetamol at dose of 1 g/kg bw, p.o. was given as toxic dose for inducing hepatotoxicity. Silymarin (50 mg/kg, p.o.) was given as reference standard. Two doses of C. gigantea extract i.e., 100 mg/kg, p.o. and 200 mg/kg, p.o. were tested for hepatoprotective activity. The treatment was given for seven days and after 24 h of last treatment blood was collected from retro-orbital plexus and analysed for various serum parameters like serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) and total protein (TP) in different groups. ResultsThe paracetamol intoxication lead to histological and biochemical deteriorations. The treatment with methanolic leaf extract of C. gigantea reduced the elevated levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, TB and also reversed the hepatic damage towards normal which further supports the hepatoprotective activity of leaf extract of C. gigantea. ConclusionsThe methanolic extract of leaves of C. gigantea at doses of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw have significant effect on liver of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity model in rats.

Hepatoprotective activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tubers against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats

ObjectiveTo study the hepatoprotective activity of methanol and aqueous extracts of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tubers against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. MethodsHepatotoxicity was induced by paracetamol and the biochemical parameters such as serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (sALP), serum bilirubin (SB) and histopathological changes in liver were studied along with silymarin and Liv-52 as standard hepatoprotective agents. ResultsThe phytochemical investigation of the extracts showed presence of carbohydrates, proteins, steroids and flavonoids. Pre-treatment of the rats with methanol and aqueous extract prior to paracetamol administration caused a significant reduction in the values of sGOT, sGPT, sALP and sB (P<0.01) almost comparable to the silymarin and Liv-52. The hepatoprotective was confirmed by histopathological examination of the liver tissue of control and treated animals. ConclusionsFrom the results it can be concluded that Amorphophallus paeoniifolius possesses hepatoprotective effect against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats.