Papillary Lines Research Articles

Electrochemical visualization of latent fingerprints using polyphenazine dyes on brass cartridges

This work is focused on the visualization of latent fingerprints left on unfired brass cartridges. Polymer films were prepared from 2 mM neutral red or 5 mM toluidine blue using two different electrochemical methods (cyclic voltammetry or chronoamperometry) with relatively short polymerization times. The conditions for the deposition of conductive polymers, poly(neutral red) and poly(toluidine blue), from a neutral medium (phosphate buffer with 0.1 M KNO3 or 0.1 M KNO3, respectively) were optimized to produce high-quality visualization of the remaining fingerprints on the brass substrates. The surface morphology and quality of the polymer films after the electrochemical deposition of both polyphenazine dyes were characterized by stereomicroscope. Phenazine dyes, which were used for the visualization of fingerprints, have been shown to provide different degrees of homogeneity in the deposited film. Furthermore, the dependence of the stability of the monomer solutions on their age, use, and storage conditions are discussed. Finally, a methodology is proposed for how to apply this technique of visualizing latent fingerprints with observed details of papillary lines in forensic practice.Graphical abstract

Izazivanje latentnih tragova papilarnih linija metodom elektrohemijske depozicije nikla na mesingu

Introduction/purpose of the research: Latent fingermarks can be found on the crime scene on various surfaces and made visible by different forensic methods. As this evidence can often be found on brass surfaces (ammunition casings, decorative items, etc.) the paper discusses the possibilities of applying electrochemical deposition of nickel on brass. The condition for the application of this technique is the existence of a conductive substrate. Fatty components of latent fingermarks have insulating properties and prevent the electrodeposition process. Methods: Experimental thin rectangular pieces of brass foil were used as substrates for latent fingermarks. Samples were degreased in acetone and ethyl alcohol, rinsed in deionized water, and dried in a stream of compressed air before leaving the fingermarks. To enhance the presence of sweat on friction ridges, the hand was placed in the silicone glove for five minutes. A slight touch of the index finger was left on the tiles. Fingermarks were developed on brass samples by fingerprint powder and the electrochemical deposition of nickel on another brass surface simultaneously. In order to obtain the best possible evidence, the parameters affecting the deposition rate (current density, deposition time) were changed until a clear fingermark was obtained. Results: The fingermarks were compared visually using a magnifying glass with illumination to observe the contrast between the papillary lines and the interpapillary space and the characteristic details (minutiae). The optimal results were achieved with the current density (deposition rate) of 50mA/cm2 for 10s. Conclusion: Electrochemical deposition of nickel on brass is an applicable technique for developing latent fingermarks with certain limitations.

A SENSORY PANEL AS COMPUTER VISION’S ELEMENT AT BREEDING ANIMALS FEEDING

The cattle nasolabial mirror (cavum nasi) places on the facial part of the skull and forms a relief pattern on the skin is individual and unique like the human and primate fingers’ papillary lines, that can be used for livestock’s biometric identification. The nasolabial mirror’s papillary patterns leave wellmarked traces on sandy, glass, metal, plastic and anyother surface, therefore, for image’s dermascopy (expertise) during identification, and they are easily subjected to micropapillaroscopic examination, that determines the nasolabial mirror’s pattern as an identification marker. At various types of feed eating, the animal touches and steadily pushes the feed located in feeders equipped by sensory panel with a nasolabial mirror. After touching the sensory surface, a reading device of sensors, chips or boluses located directly on/in the animal's body’s connecting. The received signal-scanner to the database of a personal computer or other storage device for analysis and storage is sent. The results obtained in a available form for observation in any time interval on a PC monitor, smartphone are displayed. To optimize information flows, all components of the specification were taken into account - identification, individual or group feeders’ presence, receiving device type, IT-analysis form, output devices like smartphone, PC monitor. The specification matrix’s information flows movement with channel numbers arranged by availability ranks, built by the AI system, the output data’s forming. Simulation modeling of daily ration eating process made it possible the best animal and option for the available equipment at feeding to identify.

Vizuelizacija latentnih tragova papilarnih linija na bakarnim površinama taloženjem metala

When the papillary lines of the skin of fingers, palms and soles come into contact with the touched surface, a fingermark is created, which can be used to identify the person who left the evidence. The quality and usability of a fingermark as evidence for identification may depend on many factors. In order to justify the research, a statistical overview of the number of investigations performed at the crime scene with evidence found in general, as well as the number of fingermarks found, was presented. Given that the number of fingermarks found at the scene of crime in the territory of the police unit for the city of Belgrade is very large, and the percentage of identification of persons based on fingerprints is in the single digits, there is space for its increase. The success of personal identification could be improved by introducing new methods for visualizing fingermarks. The paper provides an overview of existing methods for visualizing latent fingermarks at the scene, as well as a comparison of individual methods for visualizing latent fingermarks on metal surfaces, such as copper. The method of metal deposition and the method of applying fingerprint (conventional) powders, based on carbon (instant black), on a metal surface such as copper, were used. A comparison of the visualized fingermarks was performed and their quality, i.e. potential for identification of persons was determined. The application of electrochemical metal deposition for the visualization of latent fingermarks gave satisfactory results with certain limitations, including the following: it is necessary to find a fingermark on an electrically conductive substrate; it is necessary to apply the method on the equipment located in the laboratory, on condition that the object with the latent fingermark is portable and of suitable dimensions and mass so that it can be immersed in the cell for electrolysis.

Structural and Ultrastructural Characteristics of the Spix's Yellow-Toothed Cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831) Tongue.

The tongue is a fundamental organ in feeding, vocalization, and grooming. It is characterized by evolutionary adaptations reflected by diet, habitat, and function. Rodents are a very diverse mammalian order and the tongue's morphology varies in size, form, and presence of papillae. This work aimed to describe the morphological and ultrastructural aspects of the tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831). Tongues of Spix's yellow-toothed cavies were analyzed with light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the tongue was divided into apex, body, and root. There were different types of papillae, such as vallate, foliate, laterally placed fungiform, fungiform, filiform, and robust filiform. The epithelium was organized into layers, including keratinized, granulous, spinous, and basal, below were lamina propria, and musculature, which evolved mucous and serous gland clusters. The tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy was structurally and ultrastructurally similar to other rodents and had papillae with similar morphologies to other Caviidae species. However, the presence of robust filiform papillary lines and laterally placed fungiform papillae showed the main differences from other species. This was the first description of the tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy.

Introduction and expression of PIK3CAE545K in a papillary thyroid cancer BRAFV600E cell line leads to a dedifferentiated aggressive phenotype

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare, aggressive form of undifferentiated thyroid cancer, which exhibits rapid progression and is almost universally fatal. At least a subset of ATC is thought to arise from pre-existing well-differentiated thyroid cancer, most frequently papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). While PIK3CA mutations are rare in PTC, they are common in ATC and tend to co-occur with BRAF mutations. This provided the rationale for our study to identify the potential role of PIK3CA mutations in the progression from well-differentiated to undifferentiated thyroid cancer. We introduced PIK3CAE545K into the LAM1 PTC cell line, which carries a BRAFV600E mutation. In culture, the engineered cell line (LAM1:PIK3CAE545K) proliferated faster and demonstrated increased clonogenic potential relative to the parental line carrying an empty vector (LAM1EV). Both the LAM1EV and LAM1:PIK3CAE545K edited lines were implanted into hind flanks of athymic nude mice for in vivo determination of disease progression. While tumour weights and volumes were not significantly higher in LAM1:PIK3CAE545K mice, there was a decrease in expression of thyroid differentiation markers TTF-1, thyroglobulin, PAX8 and B-catenin, suggesting that introduction of PIK3CAE545K led to dedifferentiation in vivo. Collectively, this study provides evidence of a role for PIK3CAE545K in driving disease progression from a well-differentiated to an undifferentiated thyroid cancer; however, over-expression was not a determinant of an accelerated growth phenotype in ATC.Graphical

BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OF A PERSON BY SEVERAL PARAMETERS

The article is devoted to the development of a system of biometric identification of a person by face,fingerprints and voice. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional characteristics of a person's face, taking into account area and volume, were used as informative signs of biometric identification of a person by face. A complex identification algorithm has been developed to account for such phenomena as portrait shift, different photo scales, and the tilt of the identified face. The FPM10A scanner and the Arduino microcontroller are used for biometric identification of a person by fingerprints. Identification signs are based on the analysis of the structure of papillary patterns on the finger: type and type of papillary pattern; direction and steepness of streams of papillary lines; the structure of the central pattern of the pattern; delta structure; the number of papillary lines between the center and the delta and many other signs. Another type of feature is local. They are also called minutiae (features or special points) — unique features inherent only in a particular print, determining the points of change in the structure of papillary lines (end, split, break, etc.), the orientation of papillary lines and coordinates at these points. Each print can contain up to 70 or more minutations. For biometric identification of a person by voice, MFC and PLP algorithms for digital processing and analysis of audio recordings are used. Various algorithms are used for acoustic speech analysis: hidden Markov models, a model of a mixture of Gaussian distributions. The result of determining the tone of speech and the content of speech for the purposes of voice identification is obtained. The Visual FoxPro DBMS has developed a «multiparametric automated system for biometric identification of an individual».

Digital fingerprinting: New opportunities for solving crimes?

High technologies at the present stage of development of the world community have penetrated into all spheres of human activity. Considering the issue of digital methods of crime investigation, of course, forensic experts are faced with problems of their effectiveness. Today, most Western countries in the investigation of crimes use fingerprint examination, using technology, thereby reducing the time of investigation, ensuring efficiency. And yet, not all forensic specialists use these techniques when taking fingerprints, relying on the reliability and the usual proven practice of the classical method of fingerprinting. As you know, in the countries of the post-Soviet space, this method was used on the basis of scientific approaches developed by such scientists as E. Henry, A. Bertillon, G. Gross, E. Locard, etc. For example, the work of E. Henry formed the basis for fingerprint registration, since the scientific approach to the biological process of damage and restoration of the epidermis during the investigation of a crime, it is necessary to attach special importance, since papillary lines also have the property of recoverability. If the dermis is damaged, then the pattern is not restored in such an area. But the scars that appear at the same time, the scars themselves become the hallmarks of the pattern. For a century, forensic scientists have studied the sweat marks of handprints for identification, since each fingerprint is different. In this analytical article, the authors made an attempt to conduct an analytical review of the implementation practices of digital fingerprinting in different countries and study the extent to which the effectiveness of its application is possible.

Fingerprints – are they unique human’s codes?

Have you ever looked carefully at your fingertips? What do you see? You can see many bumps and bridges on your fingertips. Those patterns are called dermatoglyphs. Dactyloscopy is a discipline that uses papillary lines. Fingerprints can be used in solving crimes, like key or password to open the phone or tablets. They are formed before the birth and they are permanent and unique. There are three main patterns in fingerprints: arch, loop and whorl. Are there any similarities between human fingerprints? We decided to test are the human fingerprints inherited. We took fingerprint patterns among members of the same family and as well among group of students in the class. After the investigation we confirm that there are some similarities in fingerprints among the members among the same family.

Cuprous sulfide deposition method for visualization of latent fingermarks on unfired cartridge cases

AbstractA new chemical method for visualization of latent fingermarks on unfired cartridge cases is reported in this research. The method is based on two‐step immersion of the cartridge cases in aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid and acidified sodium thiosulfate at room temperature. The chemical reactions that are occurring on the cartridge case's surface are leading to deposition of material in the furrows between the papillary line ridges thus visualizing the latent fingermark. The qualitative chemical composition of the as‐deposited material was studied using X‐ray powder diffraction analysis thus revealing that it corresponds to a low‐crystalline hexagonal chalcocite phase cuprous sulfide (Cu2S). The performance of the method was studied on fresh and aged fingermarks, and according to the results, it can visualize latent fingermarks that are up to 9 months old. The newly proposed method provides good performance considering the most important qualitative and quantitative parameters that describe each fingermark, that is, satisfactory contrast between the papillary line ridges and the background furrows, possibility of recognizing the pattern of each fingermark (arch, loop, and whorl), clarity and continuity of the friction ridges, and clarity of the second level characteristics and features. The proposed method is simple, fast, inexpensive, and reliable.

SCARRING AND ITS EFFECT ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE PAPILLARY PATTERN, REFLECTED IN THE TRACES OF DACTYLOSCOPIC ORIGIN

Introduction. Today, there are many statistical sources that show the number of people who have consulted with doctors about own dermatological problems, ie the dynamics of skin diseases is monitored, however, in medical institutions and law enforcement agencies you will not find any forensic accounts or statistics that would contained an array of information about people whose papillary patterns have anomalies (changes) caused by various factors other than congenital. On the one hand, this is due to a specific list of grounds for fingerprinting (part 2 article 26 of the Law of Ukraine “About National Police”, paragraph 1.3., 1.4., 1.5. of the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs № 785 of September 11 year 2001 “About the validation of the Instruction on the order of functioning of the dactyloscopic account of expert service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine”), on the other hand, by not giving to dactyloscopic information of this kind sufficient weight. To confirm the importance of such information for achieving the objectives of criminal proceedings, by using scientifically confirmed data we analyzed the prints of papillary patterns from the nail phalanges of the fingers on 200 dactylomaps, which were taken into accounting in the Rivne SRFC of the MIA from the different parts of Rivne region from July to September 2019, and, as a result the following is established: 1. From 200 dactylomaps of different persons on 170 these or those structural changes of papillary samples which are not connected with quality and the mechanism of dactyloscopy were detected which makes 85% of sample; 2. On 144 dactylocards out of 200, at least one papillary pattern of the nail phalanx of the finger which was reflected in the fingerprint showed the scarring changes in the structure of the skin, which is 72% of the sample; 3. On 117 dactylomaps out of 200, at least one papillary pattern of the nail phalanx of the finger which was reflected in the fingerprint represented areas without papillary lines, which is 58.5% of the sample. Main results of the research: the article outlines the status of solving the problem of papillary patterns deformations caused by scarring processes reflected in traces. Medical and forensic statistics (which in both cases are directly related to the presence of dermatological problems in humans) with an indication of its practicality for disclosing of crimes is provided. The problem topicality is analyzed, with a proposal of ways to solve it, scientists who are engaged in a deep study of skin deformations with papillary patterns are mentioned, indicated, what amount of dactylomaps of different persons was processed to determine the percentage of probability of forensic expert to obtain information of dactyloscopic origin, which reflects the papillary pattern scar deformities, detailed forensic and medical definition of the scar are provided. Not only their types are described, but also the characteristic features that have a direct impact on the result of reflection. Papillary patterns having scar and non-scar deformities of different nature: lime burn, linear cut, flesh separation, surgery, and shapes: linear, rounded, curved, etc are illustrated with explanations in this article. Scar differences, criteria for attribution and non-attribution of neoplasms to scars, or rather - manifestations of injured dermis in the formed scars (older than six months), epidermis and tracesare are described here too. A range of possible signs of scar and scar tissue that may appear in the trace if there are sufficient conditions for such kind of trace formation are outlined. Several types of skin injuries are explained and shown in the figures (with a description of their signs), which may appear in traces and are not scars. As well, the importance of taking into account the data викладеної to enhance the positive performance of fingerprinting and state-implemented electronic systems of personal monitoring/identification is underlined. Conclusions. The result of the research indicates the achievement of its goal. During the research, scientifically proven provisions and methods were used, deformation features of the papillary pattern caused by scars were described and illustrated, details that may appear in traces of this kind are particularized, an algorithm of defining deformed areas of the papillary pattern as scars is explained and mentioned when it should not be done, therefore, a scientifically sound mechanism for examining a dactyloscopic information, which reflects scarring of the skin, has been formed, which, in turn, increases the implementation level of the principles of completeness, objectivity, scientific validity, comprehensiveness, quality and positive resultiness of dactyloscopic examination of any scarred papillary pattern reflected in the trace.

Visualization of latent fingermarks on thermal paper: A new method based on nitrogen dioxide treatment

A new chemical method for visualization of latent fingermarks on thermal paper, based on a treatment with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas, is presented in this work. The gas is generated by a reaction between zinc and diluted nitric acid in a closed chamber. This newly proposed method does not require fingermark’s fixation reagent after the treatment with NO2 i.e. the visualized fingermark remains permanent for more than one week and without any changes in its quality. The general visualization mechanism is based on providing acidic conditions in order to induce tautomeric transformation of the leuco dye’s molecules in the thermal layer, accompanied by a color change of the papillary lines throughout the whole fingermark. The NO2 method provides satisfactory contrast between the visualized fingermarks and the background surface i.e. thermal layer. The visualized fingermarks are qualified with high clarity and continuity of the friction ridges, and clarity of the 2nd level characteristics. The proposed method was evaluated by dactyloscopic comparison of the number of 2nd level characteristics and according to the results it can be exemplified with high identification capacity. The proposed method is simple, safe, cheap, non-destructive, non-time consuming, applicable for visualization of aged fingermarks, and potentially applicable under terrain (field) conditions in real forensic casework.

Activation and function of receptor tyrosine kinases in human clear cell renal cell carcinomas

BackgroundThe receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play critical roles in the development of cancers. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for 75% of the RCC. The previous studies on the RTKs in ccRCCs mainly focused on their gene expressions. The activation and function of the RTKs in ccRCC have not been fully investigated.MethodsIn the present study, we analyzed the phosphorylation patterns of RTKs in human ccRCC patient samples, human ccRCC and papillary RCC cell lines, and other kidney tumor samples using human phospho-RTK arrays. We further established ccRCC patient-derived xenograft models in nude mice and assessed the effects of RTKIs (RTK Inhibitors) on the growth of these cancer cells. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the localization of keratin, vimentin and PDGFRβ in ccRCCs.ResultsWe found that the RTK phosphorylation patterns of the ccRCC samples were all very similar, but different from that of the cell lines, other kidney tumor samples, as well as the adjacent normal tissues. 9 RTKs, EGFR1–3, Insulin R, PDGFRβ, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, HGFR and M-CSFR were found to be phosphorylated in the ccRCC samples. The adjacent normal tissues, on the other hand, had predominantly only two of the 4 EGFR family members, EGFR and ErbB4, phosphorylated. What’s more, the RTK phosphorylation pattern of the xenograft, however, was different from that of the primary tissue samples. Treatment of the xenograft nude mice with corresponding RTK inhibitors effectively inhibited the Erk1/2 signaling pathway as well as the growth of the tumors. In addition, histological staining of the cancer samples revealed that most of the PDGFRβ expressing cells were localized in the vimentin-positive periepithelial stroma.ConclusionsOverall, we have identified a set of RTKs that are characteristically phosphorylated in ccRCCs. The phosphorylation of RTKs in ccRCCs were determined by the growing environments. These phosphorylated/activated RTKs will guide targeting drugs development of more effective therapies in ccRCCs. The synergistical inhibition of RTKIs combination on the ccRCC suggest a novel strategy to use a combination of RTKIs to treat ccRCCs.

Podoplanin (PDPN) affects the invasiveness of thyroid carcinoma cells by inducing ezrin, radixin and moesin (E/R/M) phosphorylation in association with matrix metalloproteinases

BackgroundPodoplanin (PDPN) is a mucin-type transmembrane glycoprotein specific to the lymphatic system. PDPN expression has been found in various human tumors and is considered to be a marker of cancer. We had previously shown that PDPN expression contributes to carcinogenesis in the TPC1 papillary thyroid cancer-derived cell line by enhancing cell migration and invasiveness. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PDPN down-regulation in another thyroid cancer-derived cell line: BcPAP.MethodsIn order to determine the effects of PDPN on malignant features of BcPAP cells (harboring the BRAFV600E mutated allele) and TPC1 cells (carrying the RET/PTC1 rearrangement), we silenced PDPN in these cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The efficacy of PDPN silencing was confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Then, we tested the motility and invasiveness of these cells (using scratch test and Transwell assay), their growth capacities F(cell cycle analysis, viability, clonogenic activity) and apoptosis assays), adhesion-independent colony-formation capacities, as well as the effect of PDPN silencing on MMPs expression and activity (zymography).ResultsWe found that PDPN-induced cell phenotype depended on the genetic background of thyroid tumor cells. PDPN down-regulation in BcPAP cells was negatively correlated with the migration and invasion, in contrast to TPC1 cells in which PDPN depletion resulted in enhanced migration and invasiveness. Moreover, our results suggest that in BcPAP cells, PDPN may be involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through regulating the expression of the ezrin, radixin and moesin (E/R/M) proteins, MMPs 9 and MMP2, remodeling of actin cytoskeleton and cellular protrusions. We also demonstrated that PDPN expression is associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. The inhibition of the MAPK pathway resulted in a decreased PDPN expression, increased E/R/M phosphorylation and reduced cell migration. Additionally, PDPN depleted BcPAP cells treated with inhibitors of MEK1/2 kinases (U0126) or of the BRAF V600E protein (PLX4720) had reduced motility, similar to that previously observed in TPC1 cells after PDPN knock-down.ConclusionsAltogether, our data suggest that PDPN may play an important role in the control of invasion and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells in association with the E/R/M, MMPs and MAPK kinases.

Child labour based on dermatoglyphic research of ceramic objects

ABSTRACTMethods that examine finger and hand prints are still rarely used in the analysis of archaeological artefacts, even though objects made from clay have perfectly preserved traces of their creators, left hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Information coded in these prints can be examined by searching for repetition and distribution of individual or typical characteristics. This article focuses on the breadth of papillary lines and how it changed as the person grew. The prints left on ceramic objects from the thirteenth–eighteenth century layers at Vilnius Castle were examined and children's prints were identified on approximately twenty-five percent of the material with dermatoglyphics. Analysis of the results serves as the basis for assessing the nature and scale of child labour.

Обзор современных моделей представления дактилоскопических изображений

Personal fingerprint identification is the most common method of biometric identification. In this paper we presented a review of modern fingerprint image representation models and fingerprint matching methods based on these models. Fingerprint image may be represented as a set of local features, a set of global features, a set of papillary lines and in the form of topological object which includes combination of features. The main advantages and disadvantages of common fingerprint representations were defined. Also authors proposed a classification of fingerprint represented models by the level of integrity of their description. Each level of this model describe fingerprint image using some characteristic (local features, global features, direction and density of ridges, direction field et al.) or as a solid topological object at the highest model level. Each level of the model can be used independently or with combination of other models. It allows expanding and supplementing fingerprint image description. The review of models and identification methods based on wide range of patents, scientific articles and program registration certificates for the past few years, which confirms the relevance of the problem and this research.

Erbbiologie und “Volkstums”-Forschung am Wiener Anthropologischen Institut: Das „Marienfeld- Projekt“ 1933/34

In 1932, the “Working Group on Genetic Biology” (Die Erbbiologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft) was established at the Anthropological Institute of the University of Vienna (Anthropologisches Institut, Universität Wien) under Josef Weninger (1886–1959).!is paper discusses the anthropological research carried out by this Working Group during the winter of 1933–34 in the village of Marienfeld (Teremia-Mare) in the Banat, which endeavoured to shed light on the racial constitution, genetic biology, and ontogenetics of that village’s German community. It consisted of the anthropological examination of 1081 people out of a total of 251 families. According to Eberhard Geyer, the novel aspects of this anthropological research were “its coverage of individuals of all ages including very young children”, as well as the specialized recording techniques.Eight work-stations operated simultaneously, all focusing on di"erent tasks: the #rst station compiled personal and genealogical data; the second took stereo-photographic images of the ear; the third made photographic and schematic views of the hand and the foot; the fourth took a three-part (face, pro#le, back) photographic image of the head and the ocular region; the #fth, measured the head, body and took hair samples; the sixth took #ngerprints; the seventh made drawings of the iris and recorded eye colour; and, #nally, the eighth took measurements of the nose. Josef Weninger concentrated on identifying traits of the eye; Eberhard Geyer focused on the ear; Dora Maria Könner was responsible for taking photographs of the hand and foot; Robert Routil was in charge of taking hair samples and analysing metric dimensions; Margarete Weninger’s specialty were the papillary lines of the hand; Albert Harrasser was in charge of developing photographs; and, #nally, Karl Stump% conducted psychological examinations. Only on closer inspection does it become apparent that the main actors pursued very di"erent interest – political, commercial or personal – in the realisation of this project and that their divergent ideological positioning was decisive for the course of the project.

Hypoxia Increases Thyroid Cancer Stem Cell-Enriched Side Population

IntroductionHypoxic stress is a feature of rapidly growing thyroid tumours. Cancer progression is thought to be driven by a small population of tumour cells possessing stem cell properties. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are important mediators of hypoxia. Both HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha have been reported to be expressed in thyroid cancers. There is growing evidence that the HIF pathway plays a significant role in the maintenance of thyroid cancer stem cells (CSC).MethodologyWe have isolated thyroid CSC from a papillary thyroid cancer-derived cell line (BCPAP) and an anaplastic thyroid cancer-derived cell line (SW1736) as side population (SP) cells (a putative stem cell population) and treated them with cobalt chloride (II) to induce hypoxia.Results and discussionWe observed an increase in the SP of cells within the thyroid cancer cell lines following induction of hypoxia.

Effect of microRNA-146b-5p on biological characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer cells

Objective To study the effects of hsa-miR-146b-5p overexpression on biological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma TPC-1 cells (proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle). Methods Using cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay and flow cytometry, this experiment through the TPC-1 cell papillary thyroid carcinoma line stably transfected with the overexpression of miR-146b-5p is to test on biological characteristics of TPC-1 cell. Results Transfected with the overexpression of miR-146b-5p, the proliferation rate increased to (134.80±0.56)%, the apoptosis rate significantly decreased to (3.13±0.34)%, reatrained G2-M phase process and a higher cell percentage in S and G2 phase(P<0.05). Conclusion This experiment tells us that the hsa-miR-146b-5p has intimate relationship to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Key words: MicroRNA-146b-5p; Papillary thyroid cancer; Apoptosis

Determination of the directional field of fingerprints papillary lines in automated biometric identification systems

Determination of the directional field of fingerprints papillary lines in automated biometric identification systems